ian gwilt | University of South Australia (original) (raw)

Papers by ian gwilt

JMIR Research Protocols

Background This co-design research method details the iterative process developed to identify hea... more Background This co-design research method details the iterative process developed to identify health professional recommendations for the graphical user interface (GUI) of an artificial intelligence (AI)–enabled risk prediction tool. Driving the decision to include a co-design process is the belief that choices regarding the aesthetic and functionality of an intervention are best made by its intended users and that engaging these users in its design will promote the tool’s adoption and use. Objective The aim of this research is to identify health professional design and uptake recommendations for the GUI of an AI-enabled predictive risk tool. Methods We will hold 3 research phases, each consisting of 2 workshops with health professionals, between mid-2023 and mid-2024. A total of 6 health professionals will be sought per workshop, resulting in a total enrollment of 36 health professionals at the conclusion of the research. A total of 7 workshop activities have been scheduled across ...

New Media artwork has moved beyond the recorded mediums of photography and film to encompass inte... more New Media artwork has moved beyond the recorded mediums of photography and film to encompass interactive, augmented, and generative works due to the appropriation of and reliance on digitization by its practitioners. These emergent and evolving art forms exist, in the words of Ron Burnett, as image ecologies. This terminology references the exploratory way in which the average person navigates digital imagery in contemporary society. This exhibition will explore the collaborative way New Media Research initiatives within UTS are themselves example of creative ecologies. By providing environments, tools, and instruction, these environments are instilling in their inhabitants (both students and collaborators) the ability to evolve alongside current technology in regard to new media art creation. This exhibition will showcase the production outputs of three leading UTS laboratories and studios: 1) the Creativity and Cognition Studios (FEIT); 2) the Centre for Media Arts Innovation (HSS...

A K Peters/CRC Press eBooks, Nov 16, 2022

Public Health Nutrition

Non-communicable diseases (NCD) such as CVD and type 2 diabetes mellitus are major contributors t... more Non-communicable diseases (NCD) such as CVD and type 2 diabetes mellitus are major contributors to the burden of disease. NCD are largely driven by modifiable lifestyle factors including poor diet and insufficient physical activity, and consequently, prevention is a public health priority. Although diet and physical activity levels can be improved via lifestyle interventions, long-term adherence to such interventions remains low, which limits their effectiveness. Thus, it is critical to identify the underlying mechanisms that challenge uptake and adherence to such interventions. The current commentary discusses an important, but underexplored, psychological driver of poor adherence to lifestyle interventions, namely, future discounting, which describes the tendency to prefer smaller, short-term rewards over larger, long-term rewards. For example, in the nutrition domain, future discounting refers to valuing the immediate reward of excessive intake of energy-dense, nutrient-poor, dis...

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

COVID-19 and Co-production in Health and Social Care Vol 2: Volume 2: Co-production Methods and Working Together at a Distance, 2021

Despite an improved showing for Art and Design in the 2014 Research Excellence Framework, the 201... more Despite an improved showing for Art and Design in the 2014 Research Excellence Framework, the 2014 overview report noted ‘while there were high-quality exceptions, the intellectual and theoretical underpinning of graphic and communication design was thought to be generically weak’1. The field was reported to show little if any, signs of improvement since the 2008 Research Assessment Exercise. During the same period, graphic design continued to be the most popular Art & Design undergraduate discipline. A UCAS course search for ‘graphic design’ returned 151 courses in the UK for the academic year 2016/17 and the various programmes, often titled in slightly different ways continue to be a popular student choice. These provocative comments provide the impetus for this session, which reports on a project designed to data mine and map graphic design outputs from REF2014 main panel D sub panel UoA 34. The intention has been to identify the research themes and types of outputs submitted by ...

The objective of this paper is to discuss possible indexical methods that might be applied to the... more The objective of this paper is to discuss possible indexical methods that might be applied to the variety of techniques and processes commonly used in New Media Art. A key part in this undertaking has been the development of a 'visual taxonomy for New Media Art', which it is hoped will contribute to the defining of prevalent forms and trends within the genre. The proposed visual taxonomy can be examined from both a conceptual, and practice based context. Framing a description of New Media in the context of a creative activity that foregrounds the viewers experience, rather than a technologically described model, and is intended to be of interest to artists, researchers, historians, art curators and the art going community. I will begin with a short definition of New Media Art and the taxonomic concept, followed by an investigation of related indexical examples. I will then step through the objectives of the taxonomy, concluding with a look at the prototype model and how this has been applied to existing New Media Art case studies through a process of data collection and dynamic visualisation.

Sustainability, 2022

Collaborative robots offer opportunities to increase the sustainability of work and workforces by... more Collaborative robots offer opportunities to increase the sustainability of work and workforces by increasing productivity, quality, and efficiency, whilst removing workers from hazardous, repetitive, and strenuous tasks. They also offer opportunities for increasing accessibility to work, supporting those who may otherwise be disadvantaged through age, ability, gender, or other characteristics. However, to maximise the benefits, employers must overcome negative attitudes toward, and a lack of confidence in, the technology, and must take steps to reduce errors arising from misuse. This study explores how dynamic graphical signage could be employed to address these issues in a manufacturing task. Forty employees from one UK manufacturing company participated in a field experiment to complete a precision pick-and-place task working in conjunction with a collaborative robotic arm. Twenty-one participants completed the task with the support of dynamic graphical signage that provided infor...

This paper concerns the nature of creativity in the case of open-ended design process. In contrar... more This paper concerns the nature of creativity in the case of open-ended design process. In contrary to the goal-oriented design, the open-ended design process involves formation of design image and decisions of the direction, performed by the design team members. In order to understand how the design images are formed, we conducted and observed a small-scale case study. The case study resulted in design process and exhibition of two prototypical design works, aiming at exploring users ’ perceptions of natural and artificial. The results of the analysis of this case study outline the particular roles of the team members in the forming of design image, and the characteristics of the open-ended design process and its creative features. The findings provide both understanding of the essence in the open-ended design process, and offer a framework to carry out future research.

Background: Australia has one of the highest rates of asthma prevalence worldwide, with almost on... more Background: Australia has one of the highest rates of asthma prevalence worldwide, with almost one in 10 children affected. The mental health and wellbeing of asthmatic children is reported to be significantly more impacted than non-asthmatic peers; affecting both asthma management and their overall quality of life. The relationship between asthma and psychological distress is likely bi-directional, therefore requiring an intervention that addresses both psychological and physiological factors. Technology-based psychological interventions provide a potential solution that may increase engagement with treatment amongst adolescents. In particular, augmented reality (AR) is a novel technology that can be tailored to individual populations and has been proven effective in the management of other conditions. No evidence exists currently on the feasibility of AR in the management of psychological wellbeing within the asthmatic community.Methods: An 80-page workbook has been developed base...

Communities, Archives and New Collaborative Practices, 2020

BACKGROUND The postnatal period can be a challenging time for women, with mothers experiencing a ... more BACKGROUND The postnatal period can be a challenging time for women, with mothers experiencing a range of emotions. As a woman transitions to motherhood, she adjusts to a new sense of self and forms a new relationship with her infant. Becoming a mother is a complex cognitive and social process that is unique for each woman and is influenced and shaped by culture. The emerging mother-infant relationship is a significant factor in maternal well-being and infant development, with the bond between the mother and her baby being critical to the development of secure attachment. It has been recognized that the strength of this relationship is the main predictor of how well a child will do throughout life. There has been a global focus on the importance of the first 1000 days, with Australia identifying this as a national priority. Midwives are ideally placed to support mothers during the development of the mother-infant relationship, providing care through the early postnatal period, which...

Combining digital data, design, and new making technologies within health and wellbeing contexts ... more Combining digital data, design, and new making technologies within health and wellbeing contexts to empower citizens, care providers and service users to make better decisions.

In studies that have explored the problem of medical non-compliance, i.e. where patients do not a... more In studies that have explored the problem of medical non-compliance, i.e. where patients do not adhere to a prescribed regime is a significant and complex problem (Eraker et al. 1984), it is estimated that non-compliance with short-term medication regimes can be as high as 92% with an average of 50% for some chronic diseases (Bergman and Werner, 1963). In their review paper Eraker et al., list a series of possible reasons for non-compliance such as the patients world-view, patient knowledge and experience, social interactions, social and demographic factors along with issues surrounding the training of healthcare professionals. Roter et al., (1998) undertook a meta-analysis of compliance research across a range of health issues and intervention types. The study showed again, that the issue of compliance is complex and that no single intervention strategy works across the board and that success can depend on the condition being treated and the relationship between the doctor and the ...

JMIR Research Protocols

Background This co-design research method details the iterative process developed to identify hea... more Background This co-design research method details the iterative process developed to identify health professional recommendations for the graphical user interface (GUI) of an artificial intelligence (AI)–enabled risk prediction tool. Driving the decision to include a co-design process is the belief that choices regarding the aesthetic and functionality of an intervention are best made by its intended users and that engaging these users in its design will promote the tool’s adoption and use. Objective The aim of this research is to identify health professional design and uptake recommendations for the GUI of an AI-enabled predictive risk tool. Methods We will hold 3 research phases, each consisting of 2 workshops with health professionals, between mid-2023 and mid-2024. A total of 6 health professionals will be sought per workshop, resulting in a total enrollment of 36 health professionals at the conclusion of the research. A total of 7 workshop activities have been scheduled across ...

New Media artwork has moved beyond the recorded mediums of photography and film to encompass inte... more New Media artwork has moved beyond the recorded mediums of photography and film to encompass interactive, augmented, and generative works due to the appropriation of and reliance on digitization by its practitioners. These emergent and evolving art forms exist, in the words of Ron Burnett, as image ecologies. This terminology references the exploratory way in which the average person navigates digital imagery in contemporary society. This exhibition will explore the collaborative way New Media Research initiatives within UTS are themselves example of creative ecologies. By providing environments, tools, and instruction, these environments are instilling in their inhabitants (both students and collaborators) the ability to evolve alongside current technology in regard to new media art creation. This exhibition will showcase the production outputs of three leading UTS laboratories and studios: 1) the Creativity and Cognition Studios (FEIT); 2) the Centre for Media Arts Innovation (HSS...

A K Peters/CRC Press eBooks, Nov 16, 2022

Public Health Nutrition

Non-communicable diseases (NCD) such as CVD and type 2 diabetes mellitus are major contributors t... more Non-communicable diseases (NCD) such as CVD and type 2 diabetes mellitus are major contributors to the burden of disease. NCD are largely driven by modifiable lifestyle factors including poor diet and insufficient physical activity, and consequently, prevention is a public health priority. Although diet and physical activity levels can be improved via lifestyle interventions, long-term adherence to such interventions remains low, which limits their effectiveness. Thus, it is critical to identify the underlying mechanisms that challenge uptake and adherence to such interventions. The current commentary discusses an important, but underexplored, psychological driver of poor adherence to lifestyle interventions, namely, future discounting, which describes the tendency to prefer smaller, short-term rewards over larger, long-term rewards. For example, in the nutrition domain, future discounting refers to valuing the immediate reward of excessive intake of energy-dense, nutrient-poor, dis...

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

COVID-19 and Co-production in Health and Social Care Vol 2: Volume 2: Co-production Methods and Working Together at a Distance, 2021

Despite an improved showing for Art and Design in the 2014 Research Excellence Framework, the 201... more Despite an improved showing for Art and Design in the 2014 Research Excellence Framework, the 2014 overview report noted ‘while there were high-quality exceptions, the intellectual and theoretical underpinning of graphic and communication design was thought to be generically weak’1. The field was reported to show little if any, signs of improvement since the 2008 Research Assessment Exercise. During the same period, graphic design continued to be the most popular Art & Design undergraduate discipline. A UCAS course search for ‘graphic design’ returned 151 courses in the UK for the academic year 2016/17 and the various programmes, often titled in slightly different ways continue to be a popular student choice. These provocative comments provide the impetus for this session, which reports on a project designed to data mine and map graphic design outputs from REF2014 main panel D sub panel UoA 34. The intention has been to identify the research themes and types of outputs submitted by ...

The objective of this paper is to discuss possible indexical methods that might be applied to the... more The objective of this paper is to discuss possible indexical methods that might be applied to the variety of techniques and processes commonly used in New Media Art. A key part in this undertaking has been the development of a 'visual taxonomy for New Media Art', which it is hoped will contribute to the defining of prevalent forms and trends within the genre. The proposed visual taxonomy can be examined from both a conceptual, and practice based context. Framing a description of New Media in the context of a creative activity that foregrounds the viewers experience, rather than a technologically described model, and is intended to be of interest to artists, researchers, historians, art curators and the art going community. I will begin with a short definition of New Media Art and the taxonomic concept, followed by an investigation of related indexical examples. I will then step through the objectives of the taxonomy, concluding with a look at the prototype model and how this has been applied to existing New Media Art case studies through a process of data collection and dynamic visualisation.

Sustainability, 2022

Collaborative robots offer opportunities to increase the sustainability of work and workforces by... more Collaborative robots offer opportunities to increase the sustainability of work and workforces by increasing productivity, quality, and efficiency, whilst removing workers from hazardous, repetitive, and strenuous tasks. They also offer opportunities for increasing accessibility to work, supporting those who may otherwise be disadvantaged through age, ability, gender, or other characteristics. However, to maximise the benefits, employers must overcome negative attitudes toward, and a lack of confidence in, the technology, and must take steps to reduce errors arising from misuse. This study explores how dynamic graphical signage could be employed to address these issues in a manufacturing task. Forty employees from one UK manufacturing company participated in a field experiment to complete a precision pick-and-place task working in conjunction with a collaborative robotic arm. Twenty-one participants completed the task with the support of dynamic graphical signage that provided infor...

This paper concerns the nature of creativity in the case of open-ended design process. In contrar... more This paper concerns the nature of creativity in the case of open-ended design process. In contrary to the goal-oriented design, the open-ended design process involves formation of design image and decisions of the direction, performed by the design team members. In order to understand how the design images are formed, we conducted and observed a small-scale case study. The case study resulted in design process and exhibition of two prototypical design works, aiming at exploring users ’ perceptions of natural and artificial. The results of the analysis of this case study outline the particular roles of the team members in the forming of design image, and the characteristics of the open-ended design process and its creative features. The findings provide both understanding of the essence in the open-ended design process, and offer a framework to carry out future research.

Background: Australia has one of the highest rates of asthma prevalence worldwide, with almost on... more Background: Australia has one of the highest rates of asthma prevalence worldwide, with almost one in 10 children affected. The mental health and wellbeing of asthmatic children is reported to be significantly more impacted than non-asthmatic peers; affecting both asthma management and their overall quality of life. The relationship between asthma and psychological distress is likely bi-directional, therefore requiring an intervention that addresses both psychological and physiological factors. Technology-based psychological interventions provide a potential solution that may increase engagement with treatment amongst adolescents. In particular, augmented reality (AR) is a novel technology that can be tailored to individual populations and has been proven effective in the management of other conditions. No evidence exists currently on the feasibility of AR in the management of psychological wellbeing within the asthmatic community.Methods: An 80-page workbook has been developed base...

Communities, Archives and New Collaborative Practices, 2020

BACKGROUND The postnatal period can be a challenging time for women, with mothers experiencing a ... more BACKGROUND The postnatal period can be a challenging time for women, with mothers experiencing a range of emotions. As a woman transitions to motherhood, she adjusts to a new sense of self and forms a new relationship with her infant. Becoming a mother is a complex cognitive and social process that is unique for each woman and is influenced and shaped by culture. The emerging mother-infant relationship is a significant factor in maternal well-being and infant development, with the bond between the mother and her baby being critical to the development of secure attachment. It has been recognized that the strength of this relationship is the main predictor of how well a child will do throughout life. There has been a global focus on the importance of the first 1000 days, with Australia identifying this as a national priority. Midwives are ideally placed to support mothers during the development of the mother-infant relationship, providing care through the early postnatal period, which...

Combining digital data, design, and new making technologies within health and wellbeing contexts ... more Combining digital data, design, and new making technologies within health and wellbeing contexts to empower citizens, care providers and service users to make better decisions.

In studies that have explored the problem of medical non-compliance, i.e. where patients do not a... more In studies that have explored the problem of medical non-compliance, i.e. where patients do not adhere to a prescribed regime is a significant and complex problem (Eraker et al. 1984), it is estimated that non-compliance with short-term medication regimes can be as high as 92% with an average of 50% for some chronic diseases (Bergman and Werner, 1963). In their review paper Eraker et al., list a series of possible reasons for non-compliance such as the patients world-view, patient knowledge and experience, social interactions, social and demographic factors along with issues surrounding the training of healthcare professionals. Roter et al., (1998) undertook a meta-analysis of compliance research across a range of health issues and intervention types. The study showed again, that the issue of compliance is complex and that no single intervention strategy works across the board and that success can depend on the condition being treated and the relationship between the doctor and the ...