Camilo Correal | Universidad de La Sabana (original) (raw)

Papers by Camilo Correal

Teaching and Learning in Medicine

Population medicine, Apr 27, 2023

Population Medicine considers the following types of articles: • Research Papers-reports of data ... more Population Medicine considers the following types of articles: • Research Papers-reports of data from original research or secondary dataset analyses. • Review Papers-comprehensive, authoritative, reviews within the journal's scope. These include both systematic reviews and narrative reviews. • Short Reports-brief reports of data from original research. • Policy Case Studies-brief articles on policy development at a regional or national level. • Study Protocols-articles describing a research protocol of a study. • Methodology Papers-papers that present different methodological approaches that can be used to investigate problems in a relevant scientific field and to encourage innovation. • Methodology Papers-papers that present different methodological approaches that can be used to investigate problems in a relevant scientific field and to encourage innovation. • Letters to the Editor-a response to authors of an original publication, or a very small article that may be relevant to readers. • Editorials-articles written by the Editorial Board or by invited experts on a specific topic. Research Papers Articles reporting research may be full length or brief reports. These should report original research findings within the journal's scope. Papers should generally be a maximum of 4000 words in length, excluding tables, references, and abstract and key points of the article, whilst it is recommended that the number of references should not exceed 36.

BMC Medical Education, Nov 22, 2022

Background: Cultural safety training, whereby health professionals learn to reflect on their own ... more Background: Cultural safety training, whereby health professionals learn to reflect on their own culture and to respect the cultural identity of patients, could address intercultural tensions in health care. Given the context of their medical education, however, medical students might perceive such training to be dull or even unnecessary. Game jams, collaborative workshops to create and play games, are a potentially engaging learning environment for medical students today. How medical students learn while making games is poorly documented. This study describes the characteristics of educational games created by participants in a cultural safety game jam and the concepts they used to create games. Methods: As part of a trial, 268 Colombian medical students divided into 48 groups participated in an eight-hour game jam to create a prototype of an educational game on cultural safety. In this qualitative descriptive study, we reviewed the description of the games uploaded by participants, including the name, objective, game narrative, rules, rewards, penalties, and pictures. An inductive thematic analysis collated their descriptions. Results: The game descriptions illustrated the characteristics of the educational games and the aspects of the cultural safety concept that the students used to create games. Medical students situated cultural safety within a continuum with culturally unsafe actions at one end and cultural safety at the other end. Although not familiar with game design, the students designed prototypes of basic educational games including game dynamics, game scenarios, learning objectives, and pedagogical strategies. Conclusion: The findings of this study could help researchers and educators to understand how medical students learn from game design and the kind of games that game jam participants can create without previous game design skills.

BMC Medical Education

Background Cultural safety training, whereby health professionals learn to reflect on their own c... more Background Cultural safety training, whereby health professionals learn to reflect on their own culture and to respect the cultural identity of patients, could address intercultural tensions in health care. Given the context of their medical education, however, medical students might perceive such training to be dull or even unnecessary. Game jams, collaborative workshops to create and play games, are a potentially engaging learning environment for medical students today. How medical students learn while making games is poorly documented. This study describes the characteristics of educational games created by participants in a cultural safety game jam and the concepts they used to create games. Methods As part of a trial, 268 Colombian medical students divided into 48 groups participated in an eight-hour game jam to create a prototype of an educational game on cultural safety. In this qualitative descriptive study, we reviewed the description of the games uploaded by participants, ...

Medwave, 2022

Introduction The Muisca Indigenous people in Cota, Colombia, has committed to reviving and streng... more Introduction The Muisca Indigenous people in Cota, Colombia, has committed to reviving and strengthening their traditional culture, including the ancestral knowledge associated with their traditional medicine. Objective To explore the occurrence of traditional medicine and factors associated with its use among the Muisca people in Cota, Colombia. Methods A participatory cross-sectional study applied a questionnaire to 471 Muisca mothers who had at least one child over 10 in April 2019. The 44 questions inquired demographic, social, and cultural factors of participants and their knowledge, use and practice of traditional medicine. We used the Mantel-Haenszel procedure to measure the associations using Odds Ratio and 95% confidence intervals. Results 66.2% (312/471) of the mothers knew at least three cases of traditional diseases; 56.8% (267/470) had and used medicinal plants; 15.8% (73/462) had practiced traditional self-care for flu, menstruation and postpartum; and 11.8% (54/458) r...

Teaching and Learning in Medicine, 2020

Abstract Problem: The Colombian government provides health services grounded in the Western biome... more Abstract Problem: The Colombian government provides health services grounded in the Western biomedical model, yet 40% of the population use cultural and traditional practices to maintain their health. Adversarial interactions between physicians and patients from other cultures hinder access to quality health services and reinforce health disparities. Cultural safety is an approach to medical training that encourages practitioners to examine how their own culture shapes their clinical practice and how to respect their patients’ worldviews. This approach could help bridge the cultural divide in Colombian health services, improving multicultural access to health services and reducing health disparities. Intervention: In 2016, we conducted a pilot cultural safety training program in Cota, Colombia. A five-month training program for medical students included: (a) theoretical training on cultural safety and participatory research, and (b) a community-based intervention, co-designed by community leaders, training supervisors, and the medical students, with the aim of strengthening cultural practices related to health. Evaluation used the Most Significant Change narrative approach, which allows participants to communicate the changes most meaningful to them. Using an inductive thematic analysis, the authors analyzed the stories and discussed these findings in a debriefing session with the medical students. Context: Cota is located only 15 kilometers from Bogota, the national capital and biggest city of Colombia, so the small town has gone through rapid urbanization and cultural change. A few decades ago, inhabitants of Cota were mainly peasants with Indigenous and European traditions. Urbanization displaced agriculture with industrial and commercial occupations. One consequence of this change was loss of cultural health care practices and resources, for example, medicinal plants, that the community had used for centuries. Impact: A group of 13 final-year medical students (ten female and three male, age range 20–24) participated in the study. The medical students listed four areas of change after their experience: increased respect for traditional health practices to provide better healthcare; increased recognition of traditional practices as part of their cultural heritage and identity; a desire to deepen their knowledge about cultural practices; and openness to incorporate cultural practices in healthcare. Lessons Learned: Medical students reported positive perceptions of their patients’ cultural practices after participating in this community-based training program. The training preceded a positive shift in perceptions and was accepted by Colombian medical students. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first documented cultural safety training initiative with medical students in Colombia and an early attempt to apply the cultural safety approach outside the Indigenous experience.

Durante miles de anos los pueblos aborigenes lucharon exitosamente contra enfermedades, ante lo c... more Durante miles de anos los pueblos aborigenes lucharon exitosamente contra enfermedades, ante lo cual la medicina moderna ha guardado silencio. Por eso, rescatar ritos ancestrales para proteger la salud sexual y reproductiva de las mujeres es una opcion que cobra fuerza hoy. En ese empeno, y en busca de una justa articulacion entre la medicina moderna y la medicina tradicional, esta trabajando el Grupo de Estudios en Sistemas Tradicionales de Salud (Gests) de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad del Rosario. Desde su conformacion, el Gests se ha comprometido con el desarrollo y la asesoria de programas y proyectos de investigacion de los sistemas tradicionales de salud que ayuden con su conocimiento, proteccion, recuperacion, promocion y encuentro con la medicina moderna. En consecuencia, sus miembros han comenzado a estudiar, investigar, disenar y promover estrategias y modelos que contribuyan con la implementacion de una politica intercultural de salud. Parte de ese trabajo, q...

salud uninorte, 2015

This article presents the reflection of an education experience in community health, within the f... more This article presents the reflection of an education experience in community health, within the framework of Primary Health Care (PHC) in the program of Medicine at Universidad de La Sabana, a process that articulates students, citizens and managers of interdisciplinary teams to work for populations' health collaborating in the making of "healthy environments". It delves into the elements that have characterized the experience of teaching and learning in PHC, the process of building the academic program, the confluence of Public Health and Family Medicine in PHC, the pedagogical orientation of theoretical and practical activities in health care education, the formulation and implementation of improvement plans in health, community health projects and promoting healthy environments in different organizations and communities, while describing the evolution of the process. Conclusions emphasize strategic areas necessary in physicians and other health professionals, competencies necessary to strengthen population health through this kind of programs, stressing the importance of PHC and healthy environments in teaching, researching, and social action in coordination with other sectors related to the initiative.

Medwave, 2021

Introduction The prevalence of childhood asthma has increased in recent years. The World Health O... more Introduction The prevalence of childhood asthma has increased in recent years. The World Health Organization has called for conducting research exploring the role of traditional medicine and medicinal plants in respiratory disease control. Objective To identify the relationship between the prevalence of childhood asthma and traditional care of the respiratory system, including cultivation and use of medicinal plants. Methods We conducted an observational, analytic, case-control study that included children 2 to 14 years old who used official health services in eight municipalities near Bogota between 2014 and 2015. Cases were children diagnosed with asthma. We randomly selected the controls among the remaining patients of the same healthcare facilities. We applied an 18-question survey. The Mantel-Haenszel procedure identified significant associations using 95% confidence intervals. Results We surveyed the caretakers of 97 cases and 279 controls in eight municipalities. Some 23.4% (...

Medwave, Jan 30, 2017

To identify resources of the municipality of Sopó-Cundinamarca, Colombia, that are also opportuni... more To identify resources of the municipality of Sopó-Cundinamarca, Colombia, that are also opportunities to strengthen the development of an educational strategy that promotes healthy habits (healthy diet and exercise) as part of the comprehensive management of hypertension in the elderly. A qualitative study of a participatory-action research initiative in the Community Day Center of Sopó in the second semester of 2015. It was developed in three stages: first, a community diagnosis showed the need to integrate the culture, traditions and resources of the municipality as inputs that allow the adherence of healthy styles by the elderly for the control of hypertension; in the second stage, a work plan was established based on actions provided by the community; and in the third stage, we reflected on the results. An effective and sustainable intervention for the elderly can be achieved through the following activities: appropriation of the agricultural resources, the strengthening of danc...

Revista Salud Bosque, 2016

Objetivo. Conocer y documentar las connotaciones culturales, las prácticas de cuidado y los estil... more Objetivo. Conocer y documentar las connotaciones culturales, las prácticas de cuidado y los estilos de vida en torno a la menstruación, en mujeres adultas del municipio de Cota. Métodos. Se llevó a cabo una investigación cualitativa dentro de un contexto individual y sociocultural, caracterizada por un enfoque teórico etnográico y fenomenológico. Se incluyeron 28 mujeres voluntarias, entre 48 y 97 años, que fueron referenciadas por reconocimiento de la comunidad y seleccionadas por muestreo de tipo “bola de nieve”, a quienes se les hizo una entrevista semiestructurada analizada por edición. Resultados. Existe un cuerpo de conocimientos que cimenta el saber de la medicina tradicional en el municipio de Cota, los cuales incluyen prácticas que han prevalecido a lo largo de los años y que hacen énfasis en cuatro áreas: la dieta, el cuidado del cuerpo con el equilibrio frío-calor, el uso de plantas medicinales y las restricciones sociales. Para ofrecer un cuidado culturalmente congruente...

Resumo: Los errores innatos del metabolismo son un grupo de enfermedades que se presenta con una ... more Resumo: Los errores innatos del metabolismo son un grupo de enfermedades que se presenta con una frecuencia de 1 en 600 recién nacidos vivos, en las cuales existe una alteración de la función de una proteína. No se conoce la incidencia ni presentación de ...

Education for Health

Background: Distinct periods in the community health undergraduate medical program at the Univers... more Background: Distinct periods in the community health undergraduate medical program at the University of La Sabana (Colombia) were identified in its evolution from 1999 to 2013. We describe each period and explain the succesion of changes toward improvement. Methods: An ordered review of the community health program was constructed based on the retrospective recollection, classification, and analysis of information from document archives and interviews with participants. The review of the experience reconstructs periods of the program, organizing the evolution of its learned lessons and identified changes across the development of community health projects (CHPs) and the phases followed in their implementation. Results: Two principal stages were identified, the first when students' CHPs involved only schools, and the second when students worked in a broader array of community settings. Identified phases of the community health cycle leading to identifying changes across the program timeline were focus of the community–campus partnership; development of relationships among participants; health and health determinants' assessment; defining project goals and objectives; devising a project activity plan; implementing and gathering results; disseminating project achievements; and building sustainability of program activities. Periods were bounded by important new characteristics introduced in the pursuit of healthier communities. Discussion: Understanding the evolution of the program revealed the key concepts and practices in setting community health apprenticeship scenarios for the various participants. Overall, trust and commitment from stakeholders requires competent facilitators able to build meaningful and sustainable collaborations that can translate the purpose of community health practice into an effective teaching–learning experience. Institutional capacity building and collaborative practice contribute to improvements in the community health program and its ability to be flexible to adapt to different contexts. Periods reflecting improvement in this school's programs over time can help others identify key elements that need to be integrated into a community health medical education program.

… peoples' food systems …, Jan 1, 2009

This chapter presents the results of a study on the ethnonutrition of the Ingano people of the Co... more This chapter presents the results of a study on the ethnonutrition of the Ingano people of the Colombian Amazon. The study was carried out by Colombian, American and Canadian scientists working in close collaboration with the Inganos themselves. The Inganos are a tribe of ...

Indigenous peoples' food …, Jan 1, 2009