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Papers by Marta Bottacchi
Aim of this paper is to illustrate the results of a national research project (PRIN, 2005) devote... more Aim of this paper is to illustrate the results of a national research project (PRIN, 2005) devoted to studying both features of a prehistoric mining landscape and underground mines not evident, or partially evident, on surface. The context of the project is the Promontory of Gargano (South-eastern Italy), where the extraordinary availability of flint is associated with evidence for numerous extraction complexes (underground mines). According with the available data, the mines cover a timespan of almost three thousand years; among them, the most important is the Defensola A mine, the most ancient in Europe, active from roughly 5800 b.C.. Differently from other European prehistoric mining complexes, in Gargano, mines generally open onto slopes with a convex morphology, and have often produced extremely large conoidal spoil heaps outside. That have suggested a first method of investigation based on the digital aerial photogrammetry. A DGPS survey has been executed to measure both ground control points, to be used for the external orientations of the photographs, and precise positions of the main known mines. Thanks to the stereo interpretation, it was possible to recognize geological keybeds in limestones rich on flint as possible ancient entries for mines. Sometimes anthropic covers (dumps and alluvial fans), nearby that mines, have been also recognized and interpreted as evidence of the excavation activity.
Realizzazione di un portale dei paesaggi geologici della Regione Toscana, di un webGIS e di una c... more Realizzazione di un portale dei paesaggi geologici della Regione Toscana, di un webGIS e di una cartografia turistica di itinerari geologico/culturali; progetto a cura del Centro di GeoTecnologie in collaborazione con Regione Toscana e LaMMa.
The application of geophysical methods to investigate the near-surface soil layers containing ant... more The application of geophysical methods to investigate the near-surface soil layers containing anthropic manufactures has been recognized as an important element of archaeological research by the international community. Geophysics can be used to rapidly delineate the presence of archaeological buried structures without invasive and expensive stratigraphic excavation. In particular, resistivity surveying can be used to understand the geometry and the depth of the anthropic element buried in the subsoil, due to the different resistivity properties between the potential archaeological targets and the surrounding environment; by GPR methods it is possible to easily produce high definition maps of buried remains, thanks to the transmission of high frequency radar pulses from a surface antenna into the ground. Geoelectrical data are traditionally acquired with a galvanically-coupled resistivity system. The most practical difficulty is to emplace electrodes in the soil; this operation is ...
Applied Geomatics, 2018
The synergy between Mantua Diocese, Direzione Regionale per i beni culturali e paesaggistici dell... more The synergy between Mantua Diocese, Direzione Regionale per i beni culturali e paesaggistici della Lombardia and Politecnico di Milano enabled the elaboration of a strategic conservation plan for some Mantova buildings of great significance to the city and to the owners: the planning of monitoring activities necessary to the conservation has experienced a further development as regards the structural aspects, after the earthquake, to improve performances vis-à-vis the updated seismic risk level. The collaboration between stakeholder bodies made it possible to systematise the resources needed to access available funds for scheduled conservation and innovative diagnostics over the last decade. The aim is to bring about the necessary conditions for an in depth examination of case studies pretty much representative of local building materials and techniques, for which to identify the best practices for conservation. The networks the bodies belong to permit the dissemination of the results achieved to a vast number of observers, stakeholders, owners, and other local bodies. The paper relates to the diagnostics part, including the innovative techniques employed alongside the more traditional and standardised ones, with a view to drawing up a program of checks and a plan of preventive actions, despite of a limited number of interventions. The monitoring measures and the inspections aim to mitigate some risk factors, among them the (up to now) advanced state of decay of some elements in the oldest buildings, whose maintenance would aggravate the conservation conditions, especially as regards decorated surfaces. Out of the analysed buildings, the case study herein described concerns the Basilica Concattedrale di Sant'Andrea Apostolo in Mantova, a mankind architectural heritage and, obviously, a city monument.
Archeologia e …, 2007
Please be patient while the object screen loads. Changez de vue : Choisir un site UCL FUNDP FUSL... more Please be patient while the object screen loads. Changez de vue : Choisir un site UCL FUNDP FUSL FUCaM. ...
Sezione Di Museologia Scientifica E Naturalistica, 2012
svolge ricerche applicate nel campo dei Beni Culturali utilizzando tecnologie innovative, al fine... more svolge ricerche applicate nel campo dei Beni Culturali utilizzando tecnologie innovative, al fine di valorizzare e gestire il patrimonio archeologico ed artistico. Le attività del laboratorio si inseriscono all'interno dei seguenti ambiti di ricerca: cartografia e GIS, fotogrammetria e telerilevamento e geofisica applicata.
The paper describes the findings of a geo-electric study conducted at the archaeological site of ... more The paper describes the findings of a geo-electric study conducted at the archaeological site of Torraccia di Chiusi (Siena Province) with the use of soil resistivity modelling. In collaboration with the Département dArchéologie et Histoire de lArt (Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium) and the Centro di GeoTecnologie (Università degli Studi di Siena), a new, non-invasive instrument, named the OhmMapper, was used for the first time in an archaeological context to provide geophysical sections of the terrain. The aim of the study was to evaluate the nature and distribution of the buried anthropogenic structures and to properly locate them on the map without the necessity of excavating. The site, located in the valley of the Foci river, has been described as a long lasting settlement (III to VII centuries A.D., although ceramics dating to the II century B.C. have been uncovered). Belgian and Italian archaeologists, who have been digging at the site for the last two years, have a...
Archaeological Prospection, 2014
We report here a multimethod geophysical investigation of the Sant'Imbenia Roman villa archaeolog... more We report here a multimethod geophysical investigation of the Sant'Imbenia Roman villa archaeological site in northern Sardinia (Italy). The main objective of this study is optimizing a non-invasive approach to reconstruct rapidly the geometry of coastal sites. A hitherto unexplored area of approximately 700 m 2 , adjacent to excavations, was investigated using ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) surveys. The Sant'Imbenia villa is close to the present-day shoreline and subject to very high erosion rates and burial. A comparison of the highresolution GPR and ERT models was made, and their integrated results are discussed in terms of providing a more complete picture that would not be attainable using a single method. Geophysical analysis combined with archeological prospecting has revealed buried buildings north of the excavated part of the archaeological site. The results show that in this coastal environment ERT survey provided the most accurate reconstruction at the deeper wet levels of investigation. Figure 3. Map of the excavation showing archaeological remains. (Modified from Manconi, 1999).
Fasti Online 2009-155 , 2009
Under the Accademia of Hadrian's Villa there was a network of subterranean corridors meant for sl... more Under the Accademia of Hadrian's Villa there was a network of subterranean corridors meant for slaves, which we found during the survey of our Accademia Project. Using georesistivity we were able to detect the bearing of the subterranean corridors that are filled with dirt. Our survey confirmed the data of Piranesi's Plan.
Tis research was pubished in Fasti-Online (see link brow) and also in
De Franceschini M. - Marras A.M. “La riscoperta dei percorsi sotterranei dell’Accademia mediante indagini geofisiche” in Villa Adriana. Una storia mai finita. Novità e prospettive della ricerca. Roma 2010 pp. 105-112 Catalogo della mostra nell’Antiquarium del Canop di villa Adriana 1 aprile-1 novembre 2010.
Papers by Marta Bottacchi
FOLD&R Fasti On Line Documents & Research, 155, 2009
Il Poster da noi presentato al recente Congresso AIAC 1 illustra i primi risultati di una ricogni... more Il Poster da noi presentato al recente Congresso AIAC 1 illustra i primi risultati di una ricognizione geolettrica effettuata nella Villa Adriana di Tivoli (Roma) per ricostruire il tracciato di alcune gallerie sotterranee dell'Accademia. Il lavoro, oggetto di una Tesi per un Master 2 , si inquadra nel Progetto Accademia che studia la zona più elevata della Villa, situata al di fuori della proprietà demaniale. Quest'area, dal toponimo assai significativo di "Tenuta Palazzo" (fig. 1) appartiene fin dal 1621 alla famiglia Bulgarini, che tuttora vi risiede 3 . Si tratta del terrazzamento artificiale più alto della Villa, situato nella sua parte meridionale ( ) sul quale sorgono gli edifici tradizionalmente chiamati Roccabruna 4 , Accademia, 'Mimizia' e Odeon 5 , fra i meno noti e studiati dell'intero complesso ( ).
Aim of this paper is to illustrate the results of a national research project (PRIN, 2005) devote... more Aim of this paper is to illustrate the results of a national research project (PRIN, 2005) devoted to studying both features of a prehistoric mining landscape and underground mines not evident, or partially evident, on surface. The context of the project is the Promontory of Gargano (South-eastern Italy), where the extraordinary availability of flint is associated with evidence for numerous extraction complexes (underground mines). According with the available data, the mines cover a timespan of almost three thousand years; among them, the most important is the Defensola A mine, the most ancient in Europe, active from roughly 5800 b.C.. Differently from other European prehistoric mining complexes, in Gargano, mines generally open onto slopes with a convex morphology, and have often produced extremely large conoidal spoil heaps outside. That have suggested a first method of investigation based on the digital aerial photogrammetry. A DGPS survey has been executed to measure both ground control points, to be used for the external orientations of the photographs, and precise positions of the main known mines. Thanks to the stereo interpretation, it was possible to recognize geological keybeds in limestones rich on flint as possible ancient entries for mines. Sometimes anthropic covers (dumps and alluvial fans), nearby that mines, have been also recognized and interpreted as evidence of the excavation activity.
Realizzazione di un portale dei paesaggi geologici della Regione Toscana, di un webGIS e di una c... more Realizzazione di un portale dei paesaggi geologici della Regione Toscana, di un webGIS e di una cartografia turistica di itinerari geologico/culturali; progetto a cura del Centro di GeoTecnologie in collaborazione con Regione Toscana e LaMMa.
The application of geophysical methods to investigate the near-surface soil layers containing ant... more The application of geophysical methods to investigate the near-surface soil layers containing anthropic manufactures has been recognized as an important element of archaeological research by the international community. Geophysics can be used to rapidly delineate the presence of archaeological buried structures without invasive and expensive stratigraphic excavation. In particular, resistivity surveying can be used to understand the geometry and the depth of the anthropic element buried in the subsoil, due to the different resistivity properties between the potential archaeological targets and the surrounding environment; by GPR methods it is possible to easily produce high definition maps of buried remains, thanks to the transmission of high frequency radar pulses from a surface antenna into the ground. Geoelectrical data are traditionally acquired with a galvanically-coupled resistivity system. The most practical difficulty is to emplace electrodes in the soil; this operation is ...
Applied Geomatics, 2018
The synergy between Mantua Diocese, Direzione Regionale per i beni culturali e paesaggistici dell... more The synergy between Mantua Diocese, Direzione Regionale per i beni culturali e paesaggistici della Lombardia and Politecnico di Milano enabled the elaboration of a strategic conservation plan for some Mantova buildings of great significance to the city and to the owners: the planning of monitoring activities necessary to the conservation has experienced a further development as regards the structural aspects, after the earthquake, to improve performances vis-à-vis the updated seismic risk level. The collaboration between stakeholder bodies made it possible to systematise the resources needed to access available funds for scheduled conservation and innovative diagnostics over the last decade. The aim is to bring about the necessary conditions for an in depth examination of case studies pretty much representative of local building materials and techniques, for which to identify the best practices for conservation. The networks the bodies belong to permit the dissemination of the results achieved to a vast number of observers, stakeholders, owners, and other local bodies. The paper relates to the diagnostics part, including the innovative techniques employed alongside the more traditional and standardised ones, with a view to drawing up a program of checks and a plan of preventive actions, despite of a limited number of interventions. The monitoring measures and the inspections aim to mitigate some risk factors, among them the (up to now) advanced state of decay of some elements in the oldest buildings, whose maintenance would aggravate the conservation conditions, especially as regards decorated surfaces. Out of the analysed buildings, the case study herein described concerns the Basilica Concattedrale di Sant'Andrea Apostolo in Mantova, a mankind architectural heritage and, obviously, a city monument.
Archeologia e …, 2007
Please be patient while the object screen loads. Changez de vue : Choisir un site UCL FUNDP FUSL... more Please be patient while the object screen loads. Changez de vue : Choisir un site UCL FUNDP FUSL FUCaM. ...
Sezione Di Museologia Scientifica E Naturalistica, 2012
svolge ricerche applicate nel campo dei Beni Culturali utilizzando tecnologie innovative, al fine... more svolge ricerche applicate nel campo dei Beni Culturali utilizzando tecnologie innovative, al fine di valorizzare e gestire il patrimonio archeologico ed artistico. Le attività del laboratorio si inseriscono all'interno dei seguenti ambiti di ricerca: cartografia e GIS, fotogrammetria e telerilevamento e geofisica applicata.
The paper describes the findings of a geo-electric study conducted at the archaeological site of ... more The paper describes the findings of a geo-electric study conducted at the archaeological site of Torraccia di Chiusi (Siena Province) with the use of soil resistivity modelling. In collaboration with the Département dArchéologie et Histoire de lArt (Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium) and the Centro di GeoTecnologie (Università degli Studi di Siena), a new, non-invasive instrument, named the OhmMapper, was used for the first time in an archaeological context to provide geophysical sections of the terrain. The aim of the study was to evaluate the nature and distribution of the buried anthropogenic structures and to properly locate them on the map without the necessity of excavating. The site, located in the valley of the Foci river, has been described as a long lasting settlement (III to VII centuries A.D., although ceramics dating to the II century B.C. have been uncovered). Belgian and Italian archaeologists, who have been digging at the site for the last two years, have a...
Archaeological Prospection, 2014
We report here a multimethod geophysical investigation of the Sant'Imbenia Roman villa archaeolog... more We report here a multimethod geophysical investigation of the Sant'Imbenia Roman villa archaeological site in northern Sardinia (Italy). The main objective of this study is optimizing a non-invasive approach to reconstruct rapidly the geometry of coastal sites. A hitherto unexplored area of approximately 700 m 2 , adjacent to excavations, was investigated using ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) surveys. The Sant'Imbenia villa is close to the present-day shoreline and subject to very high erosion rates and burial. A comparison of the highresolution GPR and ERT models was made, and their integrated results are discussed in terms of providing a more complete picture that would not be attainable using a single method. Geophysical analysis combined with archeological prospecting has revealed buried buildings north of the excavated part of the archaeological site. The results show that in this coastal environment ERT survey provided the most accurate reconstruction at the deeper wet levels of investigation. Figure 3. Map of the excavation showing archaeological remains. (Modified from Manconi, 1999).
Fasti Online 2009-155 , 2009
Under the Accademia of Hadrian's Villa there was a network of subterranean corridors meant for sl... more Under the Accademia of Hadrian's Villa there was a network of subterranean corridors meant for slaves, which we found during the survey of our Accademia Project. Using georesistivity we were able to detect the bearing of the subterranean corridors that are filled with dirt. Our survey confirmed the data of Piranesi's Plan.
Tis research was pubished in Fasti-Online (see link brow) and also in
De Franceschini M. - Marras A.M. “La riscoperta dei percorsi sotterranei dell’Accademia mediante indagini geofisiche” in Villa Adriana. Una storia mai finita. Novità e prospettive della ricerca. Roma 2010 pp. 105-112 Catalogo della mostra nell’Antiquarium del Canop di villa Adriana 1 aprile-1 novembre 2010.
FOLD&R Fasti On Line Documents & Research, 155, 2009
Il Poster da noi presentato al recente Congresso AIAC 1 illustra i primi risultati di una ricogni... more Il Poster da noi presentato al recente Congresso AIAC 1 illustra i primi risultati di una ricognizione geolettrica effettuata nella Villa Adriana di Tivoli (Roma) per ricostruire il tracciato di alcune gallerie sotterranee dell'Accademia. Il lavoro, oggetto di una Tesi per un Master 2 , si inquadra nel Progetto Accademia che studia la zona più elevata della Villa, situata al di fuori della proprietà demaniale. Quest'area, dal toponimo assai significativo di "Tenuta Palazzo" (fig. 1) appartiene fin dal 1621 alla famiglia Bulgarini, che tuttora vi risiede 3 . Si tratta del terrazzamento artificiale più alto della Villa, situato nella sua parte meridionale ( ) sul quale sorgono gli edifici tradizionalmente chiamati Roccabruna 4 , Accademia, 'Mimizia' e Odeon 5 , fra i meno noti e studiati dell'intero complesso ( ).