Andrea Bauling | University of South Africa (original) (raw)
Papers by Andrea Bauling
I declare that the dissertation, which I hereby submit for the degree LLM (Private Law) at the Un... more I declare that the dissertation, which I hereby submit for the degree LLM (Private Law) at the University of Pretoria, is my own work and has not previously been submitted by me for a degree at this or any other tertiary institution. An abridged version of chapter four of this dissertation has been sent for peer review for possible publication as: Bauling A & Nagtegaal A "The Constitution, consumer protection and bread as dignity"
![Research paper thumbnail of MATERNITY, PATERNITY AND PARENTAL LEAVE AND THE BEST INTERESTS OF THE CHILD MIA v State Information Technology Agency (Pty) Ltd [2015] JOL 33060 (LC)](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/102815740/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Obiter, 2016
Since the enactment of Chapter 19 of the Children’s Act 38 of 2005 and the decision in Ex parte W... more Since the enactment of Chapter 19 of the Children’s Act 38 of 2005 and the decision in Ex parte WH (2011 (6) SA 514 (GNP)) it has become possible for homosexual partners, or spouses in terms of a civil union (as regulated by the Civil Union Act 17 of 2006) to enter into surrogate-motherhood agreements. The effect of such an agreement would be that the spouses/partners become the biological parents of the child born of surrogacy. All children, regardless of their parentage or manner of conception, have the constitutionally enshrined right to “family care or parental care” (s 28(1)(b) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996) and the best interests of the child should always be regarded as “of paramount importance in every matter concerning the child” (s 28(2)). It is in light of the acknowledgment of these rights of both homosexual parents, and children begotten from surrogacy, that the case of MIA v State Information Technology Agency (Pty) Ltd ([2015] JOL 33060 (LC...
Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad, 2017
The LLB degree programme (Bachelor of Laws) should adequately prepare graduates for the demands s... more The LLB degree programme (Bachelor of Laws) should adequately prepare graduates for the demands set by both legal practice and the greater South African society. Law schools are not tasked with producing future legal practitioners, but rather critical thinkers who can engage with the relationship between law and society in a meaningful way, and who recognise their duty to uphold the values of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 when performing their professional duties. Resultantly law teachers should construct learning environments that engage students in ways that help them develop creativity; embedded subject knowledge; and autonomous learning, critical thinking, and lifelong learning skills. A well-structured LLB degree programme should focus on this broader conception of legal education and a dissertation module as capstone course should be closely aligned with this objective. A greater academic influence could result in an academically rigorous degree progra...
De Jure, Feb 1, 2013
Surrogaatmoederskap-ooreenkomste en hul Bevestiging: 'n Nuwe Uitdaging vir Praktyns? 1 'n Nie-amp... more Surrogaatmoederskap-ooreenkomste en hul Bevestiging: 'n Nuwe Uitdaging vir Praktyns? 1 'n Nie-amptelike vertaling van die Children's Act 38 of 2005 is beskikbaar by http://www.vra.co.za/vorms/KINDERWET%20(No%2038%20van%202 005)%20Afr.pdf. Surrogate motherhood agreements and their confirmation 511 kan lei tot die teëwerking van die onsekerhede wat daargestel word deur die afwesigheid van regulasies kragtens Hoofstuk 19 van die Wet.
De Jure, 2015
OPSOMMING Die Grondwet, verbruikersbeskerming en brood as menswaardigheid Die belang van die onde... more OPSOMMING Die Grondwet, verbruikersbeskerming en brood as menswaardigheid Die belang van die onderlinge verband tussen mense-en verbruikersregte, (her)verdelende billikheid, verbruikersbeskerming en die kontraktereg moet vooropgestel word. Die reg op gelykheid en menswaardigheid het die mees direkte invloed op die kontraktereg. Die kontrak kan potensieel as 'n instrument gebruik word waarmee armoede gedupliseer word. Die rol wat verbruikersbeskerming wetgewing speel in die proses om die verbruiker van die ekonomiese gevolge van onregverdige verbruikersoor-eenkomste te beskerm, moet geevalueer word in oorleg met die grondwetlikvoorgeskrewe plig om op 'n volgehoue basis die regverdigheid en regmatigheid van die kontraktereg te verseker. Dit is uiters belangrik om die werklike bedingingstand van die partye te identifiseer, aangesien hierdie inligting noodsaaklik is om te bepaal of die ooreenkoms so aangegaan is om die voldoening van sosiale geregtigheid te bewerkstellig. Die Wet op Verbruikersbeskerming 1 stel regverdigde metodes daar waarmee kontrak-vryheid ingeperk word om sodoende die ekonomies grensgeval-verbruiker te beskerm. Die ideaal van die etiese kontrak kan verdere leiding in hierdie verband verskaf. Die hoofdoel van die Wet, om die mees kwesbare lede van die samelewing te beskerm wanneer hul verbuikersooreenkomste aangaan, moet by elke moontlike geleentheid nagestreef word. Die impak van die uiters ongelyke bedingingstand van lede van die Suid-Afrikaanse samelewing kan nie langer afgemaak word indien 'n billike en substantief-gelyke kontraktuele speelveld vereis word nie. Die vermoë om brood, een van die mees basiese verbruikersgoedere, te koop is een mate van waardigheid. Die rol van die reg in die Suid-Afrikaanse transformerende projek kan nie afgemaak word nie. Die strewe na 'n kontraktuele Utopia kan potensieel, al is dit in 'n mindere mate, 1 This article is based on research undertaken for my LLM dissertation at the University of Pretoria. A version thereof was also presented at the University of Pretoria's International Consumer Law Conference on 26 September 2014. I would like to thank my supervisor, Mrs Nagtegaal, as well as the reviewers of this article, for their valuable comments and suggestions. Any errors or omissions remain my own. 1 'n Nie-amptelike vertaling van die Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008 is beskikbaar by http://www.vra.co.za/vorms/WET%20OP%20VERBRUIKERS BESKERMING%20(No%2068%20van%202008)%20Afr.pdf * How to cite: Bauling & Nagtegaal 'The Constitution, consumer protection and bread as dignity'
Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal, 2017
The Bachelor of Laws (LLB) degree programme should adequately prepare graduates for the demands s... more The Bachelor of Laws (LLB) degree programme should adequately prepare graduates for the demands set by both legal practice and the greater South African society. Law schools are not tasked with producing future legal practitioners, but rather critical thinkers who can engage with the relationship between law and society in a meaningful way, and who recognise their duty to uphold the values of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 when performing their professional duties. Resultantly law teachers should construct learning environments that engage students in ways that help them develop creativity; embedded subject knowledge; and autonomous learning, critical thinking, and lifelong learning skills. A well-structured LLB degree programme should focus on this broader conception of legal education and a dissertation module as capstone course should be closely aligned with this objective. A greater academic influence could result in an academically rigorous degree programme that produces more mature graduates who possess competencies and attributes that exceed that which is demanded of them by legal practice. One way to establish a greater academic influence in a degree programme would be to include a final year dissertation module which demands that students illustrate the ability to think critically. The final year of a degree programme should provide the student with several opportunities aimed at culminating the learning experience and consolidating the skills and knowledge acquired throughout the preceding years of study. Capstone courses facilitate in-depth learning and should be employed to teach crucial skills related to the purpose of the degree. A compulsory dissertation module as capstone course, which embodies the pedagogical approach of transformative legal education, should be included in the revised curriculum of all law schools in South Africa. This dissertation module should demand that students engage critically with the principles of transformative constitutionalism in order to facilitate thinking that goes beyond traditional and conservative constructions of the South African legal system and its purpose. Such a dissertation could develop a student's metacognitive ability and result in the development of new legal skills, and the sharpening of existing skills. When producing a dissertation a student is learning to write as well as writing to learn. Crucially, the process of disserting also requires legal research skills and the ability to formulate effective research strategies. A law student who is capable of utilising various sources of law, synthesising the information found therein and presenting it effectively is illustrating elements of authentic learning. But this form of authentic learning in will be near impossible to achieve without the active guidance of a willing supervisor. Law teachers perpetuate legal culture and the supervisor-student relationship creates the opportunity to sculpt the culture instilled so that it may have the desired impact on the student. The supervisor could advance this process by empowering the student to construct critical and transformative views of South African law. A dissertation module presented in this manner could produce students who are able to engage with law constructively and who will graduate as responsible citizens and aspiring legal professionals who are excited about inspiring social justice and transformation in their communities.
De Jure, 2015
This article evaluates the relationship between the right to dignity, the South African common la... more This article evaluates the relationship between the right to dignity, the South African common law of purchase and sale and the Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008. The CPA and the values of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, specifically aim to protect the most vulnerable members of South Africa’s unequal society. The conservative approach adopted by the judiciary when adjudicating contractual matters hinders the transformation of the law of sale. Legal rules and legal thinking which reinforce traditional distributive patterns require reconsideration if societal-wide change, as demanded by the Constitution, can be imagined and accomplished. If the economic role of the contract and its power to divide and (re)distribute wealth is viewed as important, the link between poverty and the contract, and by association the consumer agreement, cannot be ignored. Contracts, and specifically basic consumer and credit agreements, are often concluded in order to facilitate survival. The law as it relates to consumer protection and the sale of defective goods is directly related to the contract’s role in wealth distribution. A transformative constitutional approach to interpreting and adjudicating consumer matters is advocated and contracting in good faith is the ideal to be strived for.
Stellenbosch Law Review, 2013
Surrogate motherhood agreements and their confirmation 511 kan lei tot die teëwerking van die ons... more Surrogate motherhood agreements and their confirmation 511 kan lei tot die teëwerking van die onsekerhede wat daargestel word deur die afwesigheid van regulasies kragtens Hoofstuk 19 van die Wet.
I declare that the dissertation, which I hereby submit for the degree LLM (Private Law) at the Un... more I declare that the dissertation, which I hereby submit for the degree LLM (Private Law) at the University of Pretoria, is my own work and has not previously been submitted by me for a degree at this or any other tertiary institution. An abridged version of chapter four of this dissertation has been sent for peer review for possible publication as: Bauling A & Nagtegaal A "The Constitution, consumer protection and bread as dignity"
Obiter, 2016
Since the enactment of Chapter 19 of the Children’s Act 38 of 2005 and the decision in Ex parte W... more Since the enactment of Chapter 19 of the Children’s Act 38 of 2005 and the decision in Ex parte WH (2011 (6) SA 514 (GNP)) it has become possible for homosexual partners, or spouses in terms of a civil union (as regulated by the Civil Union Act 17 of 2006) to enter into surrogate-motherhood agreements. The effect of such an agreement would be that the spouses/partners become the biological parents of the child born of surrogacy. All children, regardless of their parentage or manner of conception, have the constitutionally enshrined right to “family care or parental care” (s 28(1)(b) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996) and the best interests of the child should always be regarded as “of paramount importance in every matter concerning the child” (s 28(2)). It is in light of the acknowledgment of these rights of both homosexual parents, and children begotten from surrogacy, that the case of MIA v State Information Technology Agency (Pty) Ltd ([2015] JOL 33060 (LC...
Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad, 2017
The LLB degree programme (Bachelor of Laws) should adequately prepare graduates for the demands s... more The LLB degree programme (Bachelor of Laws) should adequately prepare graduates for the demands set by both legal practice and the greater South African society. Law schools are not tasked with producing future legal practitioners, but rather critical thinkers who can engage with the relationship between law and society in a meaningful way, and who recognise their duty to uphold the values of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 when performing their professional duties. Resultantly law teachers should construct learning environments that engage students in ways that help them develop creativity; embedded subject knowledge; and autonomous learning, critical thinking, and lifelong learning skills. A well-structured LLB degree programme should focus on this broader conception of legal education and a dissertation module as capstone course should be closely aligned with this objective. A greater academic influence could result in an academically rigorous degree progra...
De Jure, Feb 1, 2013
Surrogaatmoederskap-ooreenkomste en hul Bevestiging: 'n Nuwe Uitdaging vir Praktyns? 1 'n Nie-amp... more Surrogaatmoederskap-ooreenkomste en hul Bevestiging: 'n Nuwe Uitdaging vir Praktyns? 1 'n Nie-amptelike vertaling van die Children's Act 38 of 2005 is beskikbaar by http://www.vra.co.za/vorms/KINDERWET%20(No%2038%20van%202 005)%20Afr.pdf. Surrogate motherhood agreements and their confirmation 511 kan lei tot die teëwerking van die onsekerhede wat daargestel word deur die afwesigheid van regulasies kragtens Hoofstuk 19 van die Wet.
De Jure, 2015
OPSOMMING Die Grondwet, verbruikersbeskerming en brood as menswaardigheid Die belang van die onde... more OPSOMMING Die Grondwet, verbruikersbeskerming en brood as menswaardigheid Die belang van die onderlinge verband tussen mense-en verbruikersregte, (her)verdelende billikheid, verbruikersbeskerming en die kontraktereg moet vooropgestel word. Die reg op gelykheid en menswaardigheid het die mees direkte invloed op die kontraktereg. Die kontrak kan potensieel as 'n instrument gebruik word waarmee armoede gedupliseer word. Die rol wat verbruikersbeskerming wetgewing speel in die proses om die verbruiker van die ekonomiese gevolge van onregverdige verbruikersoor-eenkomste te beskerm, moet geevalueer word in oorleg met die grondwetlikvoorgeskrewe plig om op 'n volgehoue basis die regverdigheid en regmatigheid van die kontraktereg te verseker. Dit is uiters belangrik om die werklike bedingingstand van die partye te identifiseer, aangesien hierdie inligting noodsaaklik is om te bepaal of die ooreenkoms so aangegaan is om die voldoening van sosiale geregtigheid te bewerkstellig. Die Wet op Verbruikersbeskerming 1 stel regverdigde metodes daar waarmee kontrak-vryheid ingeperk word om sodoende die ekonomies grensgeval-verbruiker te beskerm. Die ideaal van die etiese kontrak kan verdere leiding in hierdie verband verskaf. Die hoofdoel van die Wet, om die mees kwesbare lede van die samelewing te beskerm wanneer hul verbuikersooreenkomste aangaan, moet by elke moontlike geleentheid nagestreef word. Die impak van die uiters ongelyke bedingingstand van lede van die Suid-Afrikaanse samelewing kan nie langer afgemaak word indien 'n billike en substantief-gelyke kontraktuele speelveld vereis word nie. Die vermoë om brood, een van die mees basiese verbruikersgoedere, te koop is een mate van waardigheid. Die rol van die reg in die Suid-Afrikaanse transformerende projek kan nie afgemaak word nie. Die strewe na 'n kontraktuele Utopia kan potensieel, al is dit in 'n mindere mate, 1 This article is based on research undertaken for my LLM dissertation at the University of Pretoria. A version thereof was also presented at the University of Pretoria's International Consumer Law Conference on 26 September 2014. I would like to thank my supervisor, Mrs Nagtegaal, as well as the reviewers of this article, for their valuable comments and suggestions. Any errors or omissions remain my own. 1 'n Nie-amptelike vertaling van die Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008 is beskikbaar by http://www.vra.co.za/vorms/WET%20OP%20VERBRUIKERS BESKERMING%20(No%2068%20van%202008)%20Afr.pdf * How to cite: Bauling & Nagtegaal 'The Constitution, consumer protection and bread as dignity'
Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal, 2017
The Bachelor of Laws (LLB) degree programme should adequately prepare graduates for the demands s... more The Bachelor of Laws (LLB) degree programme should adequately prepare graduates for the demands set by both legal practice and the greater South African society. Law schools are not tasked with producing future legal practitioners, but rather critical thinkers who can engage with the relationship between law and society in a meaningful way, and who recognise their duty to uphold the values of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 when performing their professional duties. Resultantly law teachers should construct learning environments that engage students in ways that help them develop creativity; embedded subject knowledge; and autonomous learning, critical thinking, and lifelong learning skills. A well-structured LLB degree programme should focus on this broader conception of legal education and a dissertation module as capstone course should be closely aligned with this objective. A greater academic influence could result in an academically rigorous degree programme that produces more mature graduates who possess competencies and attributes that exceed that which is demanded of them by legal practice. One way to establish a greater academic influence in a degree programme would be to include a final year dissertation module which demands that students illustrate the ability to think critically. The final year of a degree programme should provide the student with several opportunities aimed at culminating the learning experience and consolidating the skills and knowledge acquired throughout the preceding years of study. Capstone courses facilitate in-depth learning and should be employed to teach crucial skills related to the purpose of the degree. A compulsory dissertation module as capstone course, which embodies the pedagogical approach of transformative legal education, should be included in the revised curriculum of all law schools in South Africa. This dissertation module should demand that students engage critically with the principles of transformative constitutionalism in order to facilitate thinking that goes beyond traditional and conservative constructions of the South African legal system and its purpose. Such a dissertation could develop a student's metacognitive ability and result in the development of new legal skills, and the sharpening of existing skills. When producing a dissertation a student is learning to write as well as writing to learn. Crucially, the process of disserting also requires legal research skills and the ability to formulate effective research strategies. A law student who is capable of utilising various sources of law, synthesising the information found therein and presenting it effectively is illustrating elements of authentic learning. But this form of authentic learning in will be near impossible to achieve without the active guidance of a willing supervisor. Law teachers perpetuate legal culture and the supervisor-student relationship creates the opportunity to sculpt the culture instilled so that it may have the desired impact on the student. The supervisor could advance this process by empowering the student to construct critical and transformative views of South African law. A dissertation module presented in this manner could produce students who are able to engage with law constructively and who will graduate as responsible citizens and aspiring legal professionals who are excited about inspiring social justice and transformation in their communities.
De Jure, 2015
This article evaluates the relationship between the right to dignity, the South African common la... more This article evaluates the relationship between the right to dignity, the South African common law of purchase and sale and the Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008. The CPA and the values of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, specifically aim to protect the most vulnerable members of South Africa’s unequal society. The conservative approach adopted by the judiciary when adjudicating contractual matters hinders the transformation of the law of sale. Legal rules and legal thinking which reinforce traditional distributive patterns require reconsideration if societal-wide change, as demanded by the Constitution, can be imagined and accomplished. If the economic role of the contract and its power to divide and (re)distribute wealth is viewed as important, the link between poverty and the contract, and by association the consumer agreement, cannot be ignored. Contracts, and specifically basic consumer and credit agreements, are often concluded in order to facilitate survival. The law as it relates to consumer protection and the sale of defective goods is directly related to the contract’s role in wealth distribution. A transformative constitutional approach to interpreting and adjudicating consumer matters is advocated and contracting in good faith is the ideal to be strived for.
Stellenbosch Law Review, 2013
Surrogate motherhood agreements and their confirmation 511 kan lei tot die teëwerking van die ons... more Surrogate motherhood agreements and their confirmation 511 kan lei tot die teëwerking van die onsekerhede wat daargestel word deur die afwesigheid van regulasies kragtens Hoofstuk 19 van die Wet.