Celia Miralles Buil | Université de Strasbourg (original) (raw)
Thesis by Celia Miralles Buil
« Consumption », a major concern of the late 19th century, was still a disease associated with mi... more « Consumption », a major concern of the late 19th century, was still a disease associated with misery in the collective imagination of the early 20th century. The present dissertation focuses on consumption in the Barcelonian social space of the 1930s: it seeks to circumscribe the multiple meanings of tuberculosis which emerge from medical discourse as well as from the patients’ experience.
The discovery of the Koch bacillus in 1882 entailed a redefinition of the fight against tuberculosis, as the bacillus came to be seen as the single cause of the disease. Since priority was given to the eradication of the contagious agent, tuberculosis was more than before associated with dust, unsanitary and crowded environments. From 1929 to 1936, the Catalan authorities in Barcelona concentrated on preventive action, which consisted in the extirpation of the Koch bacillus from housing in some areas that were precisely identified.
Besides the analysis of tuberculosis as a homogeneous social construct, the present dissertation takes the patients’ points of view into account. Tuberculosis is a social disease that characterises a group of individuals and isolates them from the rest of society. A focus on individuals who were treated in a network of free dispensaries, hospitals and sanatoriums helps us understand their position in the social landscape of Barcelona at that time : prior to being diagnosed with tuberculosis, the patients had been working and were often marginally integrated to the city’s life without being altogether socially isolated. Contracting the disease is what downgraded them to the category of medically treated paupers.
More than a common status though, tuberculosis was a personal experience for the individuals struggling against the disease and getting cured. The latter’s clinical files provide a bottom-up perspective on medical institutions and on the logics of modern medical discourse. The patients’ individual trajectories in the capital of Catalonia further blur the unified and homogeneous reference to tuberculosis, as they give priority to personal concerns over health requirements and over the absolute necessity of the fight against the bacillus, thus revealing diverging contemporary understandings of the fight against tuberculosis.
Key words:
City, Tuberculosis, Barcelona, Urban History, Hygiene, Public Health, XXth century, Social space, exclusion.
Special journal issues by Celia Miralles Buil
SHS Web of Conferences, vol. 136, 2022
Past conferences of the Quarantine Studies Network (QSN) in Malta (2014) and Mallorca (2018) expl... more Past conferences of the Quarantine Studies Network (QSN) in Malta (2014) and Mallorca (2018) explored an expansion of the classical study of quarantines and sanitary cordons into an interdisciplinary field of “quarantine studies” so that their multiple political, military,
social, economic and, of course, health dimensions were systematically brought to the foreground. In this third conference, we intend to take a more decided step in that direction by exploring the material realities of containment anywhere in the world and
preferably for the period 1750-today.
Papers by Celia Miralles Buil
SHS Web of Conferences, 2022
On the basis of the uses of the concept of “containment” by the various participants in the confe... more On the basis of the uses of the concept of “containment” by the various participants in the conference, as well as the experience of certain “matters of containment” during the Covid-19 pandemic (especially prophylactic masks), the author pictures a broad perspective on the potential, intrinsically interdisciplinary, field of research that could be articulated around this idea.
SHS Web of Conferences, 2022
On the basis of the uses of the concept of "containment" by the various participants in the confe... more On the basis of the uses of the concept of "containment" by the various participants in the conference, as well as the experience of certain "matters of containment" during the Covid-19 pandemic (especially prophylactic masks), the author pictures a broad perspective on the potential, intrinsically interdisciplinary, field of research that could be articulated around this idea.
Encyclopédie d'histoire numérique de l'Europe [online] (french version in 2020), 2022
Since the Middle Ages, the ravages of so-called “imported” epidemics led to the implementation of... more Since the Middle Ages, the ravages of so-called “imported” epidemics led to the implementation of quarantines throughout Europe. These preventive measures, which involve restraining individuals and merchandise suspected of being contaminated, were applied unequally depending on the region. In the nineteenth century, strengthened control around the Mediterranean contributed to the reduction of quarantines in numerous European countries.
https://ehne.fr/en/encyclopedia/themes/ecology-and-environment-in-europe/health-and-environment/epidemics-and-quarantine-in-europe
Histoire, économie & société, 2017
EHNE, 2020
Depuis le Moyen Âge, les ravages provoqués par les épidémies dites "importées" ont conduit à la m... more Depuis le Moyen Âge, les ravages provoqués par les épidémies dites "importées" ont conduit à la mise en place de quarantaines partout en Europe. Ces dispositifs préventifs, qui consistent à retenir personnes et marchandises suspectées d’être contaminées, a cependant été appliqué de manière inégale selon les régions. Au XIXe siècle, la réduction des quarantaines dans de nombreux pays européens s’explique notamment par un contrôle renforcé autour de la Méditerranée.
Histoire, Economie, Société, 2017
Since the 19th century, many studies have tried to understand whether or not the urban overcrowdi... more Since the 19th century, many studies have tried to understand whether or not the urban overcrowding was an aggravating or triggering factor of tuberculosis. Using the example of Spain and Barcelona as a case study, this article aims to revisit this causal link by connecting the medical speeches about the disease and the patient's life courses in the first part of the twentieth century. It shows how this link was built up by the professionals who organized the fight against the disease during that period and it seeks to understand the impact of these TB mortality and morbidity representations.
The following paper tries to understand the link between architecture and health in the Fight aga... more The following paper tries to understand the link between architecture and health in the Fight against tuberculosis in Barcelona in the 1930’s. The architecture of healthcare institutions reflects the state of knowledge about health and hygiene at a certain point, but then it may also appeared as a practical solution to resolve the problem of the disease. Between 1934 and 1936, the construction of the Central Anti-tuberculosis dispensary of the Generalitat de Catalunya by the moderns architects of GATCPAC, crystallized all the stakes of tuberculosis control. The building was designed to be dedicated to heath and was thought to be adapted to the needs of modern medicine. By the architectural and medical choices which guided its construction, it also provided a concrete response to the disease becoming a healthy place which would spread health. Its construction also imposed a certain vision of the Fight, making the decisions of the public authorities concrete and strengthening their political influences.
After Koch discovery in 1882, the fight against tuberculosis in Europe only focused on killing th... more After Koch discovery in 1882, the fight against tuberculosis in Europe only focused on killing the germ with the motto “better safe than sorry”. In that perspective, the city became the main receptacle for the germ and, in order to eradicate the disease, it was compulsory to control the space in which it was located. In practical terms, the primary objective was to act on the places that were regarded as contagious in order to reduce the propagation of the disease and to eliminate the germ locally. In Barcelona, between 1920 and 1936, physicians, public authorities and architects established a medical and spatial control on the city, each time being more precise in the scale of their action, starting from targeted neighbourhoods to then deal with blocks, buildings, houses, rooms, and even beds.
Awards by Celia Miralles Buil
Celia Miralles Buil est lauréate du prix de thèse de l'Association AMADES (Anthropologie médicale... more Celia Miralles Buil est lauréate du prix de thèse de l'Association AMADES (Anthropologie médicale appliquée au développement et à la santé)
https://amades.hypotheses.org/6245
Book Reviews by Celia Miralles Buil
https://sfhu.hypotheses.org/3431
Distribution électronique Cairn.info pour Belin. © Belin. Tous droits réservés pour tous pays.
Talks by Celia Miralles Buil
Cette communication se propose d'interroger les relations entre les familles de tuberculeux 1 et ... more Cette communication se propose d'interroger les relations entre les familles de tuberculeux 1 et les dispositifs de lutte antituberculeuse mis en place par les autorités catalanes entre 1919 et 1936.
Santé et environnement: Parcours et constructions historiques
La relation environnement / santé face à un nouveau contexte scientifique en Espagne (1880-1939) ... more La relation environnement / santé face à un nouveau contexte scientifique en Espagne (1880-1939) Celia Miralles Buil Colloque Santé et environnement : parcours et constructions historiques Atelier : Constructions scientifiques de la relation santé et environnement La redéfinition de la relation entre environnement et santé au prisme du microbe Des miasmes au microbe L'environnement malsain comme facteur aggravant L'environnement comme contenant du microbe De multiples acteurs, médecins, hygiénistes, ingénieurs architectes qui tentent de sauver leur hypothèse environnementale Maladies digestives vs maladies respiratoires : quel lien avec l'hygiène ?
« Consumption », a major concern of the late 19th century, was still a disease associated with mi... more « Consumption », a major concern of the late 19th century, was still a disease associated with misery in the collective imagination of the early 20th century. The present dissertation focuses on consumption in the Barcelonian social space of the 1930s: it seeks to circumscribe the multiple meanings of tuberculosis which emerge from medical discourse as well as from the patients’ experience.
The discovery of the Koch bacillus in 1882 entailed a redefinition of the fight against tuberculosis, as the bacillus came to be seen as the single cause of the disease. Since priority was given to the eradication of the contagious agent, tuberculosis was more than before associated with dust, unsanitary and crowded environments. From 1929 to 1936, the Catalan authorities in Barcelona concentrated on preventive action, which consisted in the extirpation of the Koch bacillus from housing in some areas that were precisely identified.
Besides the analysis of tuberculosis as a homogeneous social construct, the present dissertation takes the patients’ points of view into account. Tuberculosis is a social disease that characterises a group of individuals and isolates them from the rest of society. A focus on individuals who were treated in a network of free dispensaries, hospitals and sanatoriums helps us understand their position in the social landscape of Barcelona at that time : prior to being diagnosed with tuberculosis, the patients had been working and were often marginally integrated to the city’s life without being altogether socially isolated. Contracting the disease is what downgraded them to the category of medically treated paupers.
More than a common status though, tuberculosis was a personal experience for the individuals struggling against the disease and getting cured. The latter’s clinical files provide a bottom-up perspective on medical institutions and on the logics of modern medical discourse. The patients’ individual trajectories in the capital of Catalonia further blur the unified and homogeneous reference to tuberculosis, as they give priority to personal concerns over health requirements and over the absolute necessity of the fight against the bacillus, thus revealing diverging contemporary understandings of the fight against tuberculosis.
Key words:
City, Tuberculosis, Barcelona, Urban History, Hygiene, Public Health, XXth century, Social space, exclusion.
SHS Web of Conferences, vol. 136, 2022
Past conferences of the Quarantine Studies Network (QSN) in Malta (2014) and Mallorca (2018) expl... more Past conferences of the Quarantine Studies Network (QSN) in Malta (2014) and Mallorca (2018) explored an expansion of the classical study of quarantines and sanitary cordons into an interdisciplinary field of “quarantine studies” so that their multiple political, military,
social, economic and, of course, health dimensions were systematically brought to the foreground. In this third conference, we intend to take a more decided step in that direction by exploring the material realities of containment anywhere in the world and
preferably for the period 1750-today.
SHS Web of Conferences, 2022
On the basis of the uses of the concept of “containment” by the various participants in the confe... more On the basis of the uses of the concept of “containment” by the various participants in the conference, as well as the experience of certain “matters of containment” during the Covid-19 pandemic (especially prophylactic masks), the author pictures a broad perspective on the potential, intrinsically interdisciplinary, field of research that could be articulated around this idea.
SHS Web of Conferences, 2022
On the basis of the uses of the concept of "containment" by the various participants in the confe... more On the basis of the uses of the concept of "containment" by the various participants in the conference, as well as the experience of certain "matters of containment" during the Covid-19 pandemic (especially prophylactic masks), the author pictures a broad perspective on the potential, intrinsically interdisciplinary, field of research that could be articulated around this idea.
Encyclopédie d'histoire numérique de l'Europe [online] (french version in 2020), 2022
Since the Middle Ages, the ravages of so-called “imported” epidemics led to the implementation of... more Since the Middle Ages, the ravages of so-called “imported” epidemics led to the implementation of quarantines throughout Europe. These preventive measures, which involve restraining individuals and merchandise suspected of being contaminated, were applied unequally depending on the region. In the nineteenth century, strengthened control around the Mediterranean contributed to the reduction of quarantines in numerous European countries.
https://ehne.fr/en/encyclopedia/themes/ecology-and-environment-in-europe/health-and-environment/epidemics-and-quarantine-in-europe
Histoire, économie & société, 2017
EHNE, 2020
Depuis le Moyen Âge, les ravages provoqués par les épidémies dites "importées" ont conduit à la m... more Depuis le Moyen Âge, les ravages provoqués par les épidémies dites "importées" ont conduit à la mise en place de quarantaines partout en Europe. Ces dispositifs préventifs, qui consistent à retenir personnes et marchandises suspectées d’être contaminées, a cependant été appliqué de manière inégale selon les régions. Au XIXe siècle, la réduction des quarantaines dans de nombreux pays européens s’explique notamment par un contrôle renforcé autour de la Méditerranée.
Histoire, Economie, Société, 2017
Since the 19th century, many studies have tried to understand whether or not the urban overcrowdi... more Since the 19th century, many studies have tried to understand whether or not the urban overcrowding was an aggravating or triggering factor of tuberculosis. Using the example of Spain and Barcelona as a case study, this article aims to revisit this causal link by connecting the medical speeches about the disease and the patient's life courses in the first part of the twentieth century. It shows how this link was built up by the professionals who organized the fight against the disease during that period and it seeks to understand the impact of these TB mortality and morbidity representations.
The following paper tries to understand the link between architecture and health in the Fight aga... more The following paper tries to understand the link between architecture and health in the Fight against tuberculosis in Barcelona in the 1930’s. The architecture of healthcare institutions reflects the state of knowledge about health and hygiene at a certain point, but then it may also appeared as a practical solution to resolve the problem of the disease. Between 1934 and 1936, the construction of the Central Anti-tuberculosis dispensary of the Generalitat de Catalunya by the moderns architects of GATCPAC, crystallized all the stakes of tuberculosis control. The building was designed to be dedicated to heath and was thought to be adapted to the needs of modern medicine. By the architectural and medical choices which guided its construction, it also provided a concrete response to the disease becoming a healthy place which would spread health. Its construction also imposed a certain vision of the Fight, making the decisions of the public authorities concrete and strengthening their political influences.
After Koch discovery in 1882, the fight against tuberculosis in Europe only focused on killing th... more After Koch discovery in 1882, the fight against tuberculosis in Europe only focused on killing the germ with the motto “better safe than sorry”. In that perspective, the city became the main receptacle for the germ and, in order to eradicate the disease, it was compulsory to control the space in which it was located. In practical terms, the primary objective was to act on the places that were regarded as contagious in order to reduce the propagation of the disease and to eliminate the germ locally. In Barcelona, between 1920 and 1936, physicians, public authorities and architects established a medical and spatial control on the city, each time being more precise in the scale of their action, starting from targeted neighbourhoods to then deal with blocks, buildings, houses, rooms, and even beds.
Celia Miralles Buil est lauréate du prix de thèse de l'Association AMADES (Anthropologie médicale... more Celia Miralles Buil est lauréate du prix de thèse de l'Association AMADES (Anthropologie médicale appliquée au développement et à la santé)
https://amades.hypotheses.org/6245
Cette communication se propose d'interroger les relations entre les familles de tuberculeux 1 et ... more Cette communication se propose d'interroger les relations entre les familles de tuberculeux 1 et les dispositifs de lutte antituberculeuse mis en place par les autorités catalanes entre 1919 et 1936.
Santé et environnement: Parcours et constructions historiques
La relation environnement / santé face à un nouveau contexte scientifique en Espagne (1880-1939) ... more La relation environnement / santé face à un nouveau contexte scientifique en Espagne (1880-1939) Celia Miralles Buil Colloque Santé et environnement : parcours et constructions historiques Atelier : Constructions scientifiques de la relation santé et environnement La redéfinition de la relation entre environnement et santé au prisme du microbe Des miasmes au microbe L'environnement malsain comme facteur aggravant L'environnement comme contenant du microbe De multiples acteurs, médecins, hygiénistes, ingénieurs architectes qui tentent de sauver leur hypothèse environnementale Maladies digestives vs maladies respiratoires : quel lien avec l'hygiène ?
It is time to begin our 3rd International Conference “MATTERS OF CONTAINMENT. Material approaches... more It is time to begin our 3rd International Conference “MATTERS OF CONTAINMENT. Material approaches to the handling of threats in the modern world”!
Starting from May 28th, we will be posting video presentations of participants at our Facebook page https://www.facebook.com/QuarantineStudiesNetwork/ and also at our Twitter https://twitter.com/QSN_network
PLEASE FOLLOW US!!
Presentación en castellano
Ce dossier thématique correspond à la publication partielle des actes du colloque international d... more Ce dossier thématique correspond à la publication partielle des actes du colloque international de la Société de Démographie historique, La Fabrique de la santé, qui s’est tenu à Paris (INED) les 10 et 11 septembre 2015. Il reprend des communications portant sur un espace européen (France, Italie, Espagne) et atlantique (Québec) au cours de l’époque contemporaine.