André Wlodarczyk | Université de Lille (original) (raw)

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Papers by André Wlodarczyk

Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa

The use of information technology in linguistic research gave rise in the 1950s to what is known ... more The use of information technology in linguistic research gave rise in the 1950s to what is known as Natural Language Processing, but that framework was created without paying due attention to the need for logical reconstruction of linguistic concepts which were borrowed directly from barely (or even not at all) formalised structural linguistics. The Computer-aided Acquisition of Semantic Knowledge project (CASK) based on the Knowledge Discovery in Databases technology (KDD) enabled us to interact with computers while gathering and improving our knowledge about languages. Thus, with the help of data mining tools, as a result of revisiting two sorts of generally admitted linguistic theories (the Predicate Argument Structure theory and Information Structure theory), we succeeded in improving these local linguistic approaches by proposing to unify the Associative Semantics (AS) theory (in which we introduced the concept of ortho-information) with the Meta-Informative Centering (MIC) the...

Langues modernes, 2004

Résumé De nos jours, il n'ya pas de langue qui soit pleinement internationale à l'échel... more Résumé De nos jours, il n'ya pas de langue qui soit pleinement internationale à l'échelle planétaire; même l'anglais n'est pas partout compris de la même façon. En revanche, il existe des zones géographiques où telle langue est utilisée plus souvent (ou plus ...

Proceedings of the Annual Conference of JSAI Proceedings of the 16th Annual Conserence of JSAI, 2002, 2002

Although the discovery procedure for research on unknown symbolic (=semiotic) systems is yet to b... more Although the discovery procedure for research on unknown symbolic (=semiotic) systems is yet to be found, we present a general method aimed to demonstrate the existence of common structural features in the paintings and engravings of most French and Spanish Palaeolithic caves. We believe that this method is not specific to the European Palaeolithic Cave Art and might be applied to the other rock arts. Our approach should not be related to the decipherment of unknown writing systems. The following scientific fields and methods are discussed: 1. Structural semiotics (semantic oppositions, communication system), 2. Statistical Data Analysis (Factor Analysis and Clustering Algorithms), 3. Natural Language Processing (Language Parsing and Grammar Inference), 4. Knowledge Discovery from databases (Rough Set Approximation), 5. Statistical Comparative Approach (Comparison of palaeolithical rock art with ethnological data from Africa and Australia).

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2019

All that I regret is that neither Russell nor Frege recognised a naming role for common nouns lik... more All that I regret is that neither Russell nor Frege recognised a naming role for common nouns like 'man' or 'philosopher'. It would be highly desirable if someone succeeded in formulating a logical theory which satisfied this Aristotelian requirement but did not blur the distinction between names and predicables. To my mind such a theory would be an integral restoration of that was lost in Aristotle's Fall: it would be like Paradise Regained." (Peter Thomas Geach 1971 and 1979) "… one important function of language is to serve as an attention-directing system." (Marlene Taube-Schiff and Norman Segalowitz, 2005

Cahiers De Linguistique Asie Orientale, 1978

European Studies in Japanese Linguistics, 1988

Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa

Langues modernes, 2004

Proceedings of the Annual Conference of JSAI Proceedings of the 16th Annual Conserence of JSAI, 2002, 2002

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2019

Cahiers De Linguistique Asie Orientale, 1978

European Studies in Japanese Linguistics, 1988

Bulletin de la Société de Linguistique de Paris (BSLP), 2019

Linguists usually borrow the notion of predicate from Classical Logic in order to represent diver... more Linguists usually borrow the notion of predicate from Classical Logic in order to represent diverse kinds of relations: syntactic, semantic and sometimes even pragmatic. Yet, the definition of a predicate in formal logic departs from the language-based original one given by Plato in terms of the opposition between 'name' (onoma) and 'predicable' (rhema). As a matter of fact, the definition of the logical predicate follows the one given by Aristotle who replaced Plato's definition by the idea of "relating (terms)" for reasoning purposes. The theoretical approach we propose in order to analyze the problem of predication in linguistics is part of the Distributed Grammar program (DG) we have been developing for more than two decades. We claim that the structure of the content of linguistic utterances is built out of at least three kinds of informative tiers: besides the ortho-informative ("properly" semantic) tier of signification, we distinguish a para-informative tier of identification and the meta-informative one of predication. Hence, preselecting participants and/or spatiotemporal locations together with their respective perspectives produces para-information. In the same way, focusing attention on one, two or even three roles and/or spatiotemporal anchors of ortho-information actually produces meta-information. The theory of the Meta-Informative Centering (MIC) of utterances makes it possible to build more adequate models of predication in natural

Meta-informative Centering in Utterances - Between Semantics and Pragmatics, 2013

In different languages, the means of expressing a situation are shared variously between grammar ... more In different languages, the means of expressing a situation are shared
variously between grammar and lexicon and must be represented by semantic configurations specific to a particular language (or family of languages). Situations are semantic ‘nests’ for several verbs which allow for the expression of a variety of aspects in the course of communication. For this reason, from a theoretical point of view, semantic situations can be seen as independent of the language in which they are expressed. Research into aspect in diverse languages showed that an aspect could not be explained without first describing the semantic situation. Thus numerous attempts have been made to classify semantic situations,1 especially after the classification proposed by Z. Vendler (1957 and 1967) for explaining aspect in English. As verbs in natural languages normally express complex situations, semantic situations are made up of other situations, with the result that it is possible to speak of situational aggregates. In other words, situations are mixed up with one another. We maintain, however, that it is possible to separate out a number of situation types and their constituent parts by considering the possibility of classifying them from two points of view. We will hypothesise a distinction between frame situations and role situations. In this article we will consider frame situations alone. Role situations are dealt with in the preceding chapter. Some of the criteria used in our approach have been variously taken into account by different theoreticians, but most have confused the frame/ role distinction and have thus arrived at less homogeneous classifications than our own. Looking somewhat further ahead, we think that situations can equally be classified according to their role components, which could be by showing
their interactions (situations that are intransitive, transitive, convertible etc.) or their relationship with, amongst other things, centres of attention that are global (subject) or local (object), or again, the nature, countable or otherwise, of the participants, but we will not be dealing with these here. The aim of this study is to define situations from the point of view of their “internal construction” (i.e. without taking into account modality, tense, aspect etc.) It is indeed desirable (1) to put forward a coherent system of classifying situations based on a small group of well defined primitives and (2) to show the way in which different verbal expressions, used in context, may inherit characteristics from partially organised (hierarchised) situations, taking into account the primitives that have been identified.