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Research paper thumbnail of Caractérisation biochimique d’isoenzymes d’estérases au cours du processus germinatif des graines d’espèces annuelles du genre Médicago pour la tolérance au stress salin

Résumé. L’activité des estérases qui est liée au stade physiologique et métabolique de la cellule... more Résumé. L’activité des estérases qui est liée au stade physiologique et métabolique de la cellule, peut être affectée par les facteurs environnementaux tels que le stress salin. Pour cela, une étude a porté sur l’électrophorèse native et la révélation spécifique des isoenzymes d’estérase chez deux écotypes appartenant à deux espèces différentes du genre Medicago, l’une tolérante appartenant à l’espèce M. truncatula, et l’autre sensible appartenant à l’espèce M. polymorpha. L’étude de la synthèse des isoenzymes d’estérases durant le processus germinatif des graines en conditions témoin et durant le stress salin à différentes concentrations de salinité 68 , 102 et 137 mM, a mis en évidence des variations quantitatives et qualitatives pour la synthèse de ces isoenzymes, entre ces deux génotypes, avec une cinétique d’apparition différente des bandes d’isozymes, ceci permettra la possibilité de localiser et d’identifier les gènes candidats impliqués dans la tolérance au stress salin. Mot...

Research paper thumbnail of Physiological and biochemical characterization of rootlets response to salt stress in two Medicago truncatula Gaertn. ecotypes

Legumes are very important plants both ecologically and agriculturally because they are able to i... more Legumes are very important plants both ecologically and agriculturally because they are able to interact symbiotically with rhizobia for biological nitrogen fixation and soil fertilization. Medicago truncatula Gaertn. is an important model legume rich in protein. Salinity represents, today, the major cause of land degradation and crop productivity
limitation around the world and affects physiology and metabolism in legumes. In this study, we analyzed the physiological and biochemical responses of rootlets in two contrasting ecotypes of Medicago truncatula (Tru 131, tolerant and Jemalong, sensitive) to different level of NaCl, (68, 102 and 137 mM). Results showed that the tolerant ecotype has a lower water potential than Jemalong. Root protein content of Tru 131 was decreased than Jemalong, this can be explained by accumulation of protein oxidation in the sensitive genotype. Moreover, NaCl increased guaiacol peroxidase activity GPX in rootlets of Tru 131, this enzyme has a protective role against the molecules ROS accumulated during oxidative stress. On the other hand, under salt stress the total content of ascorbate (ASC + DHA) and Glutathione (GSH + GSSG) was increased in the tolerant genotype Tru 131 compared
to Jemalong. These results show how the tolerant genotype activate the antioxidative defense system at root level against damages caused by
oxidative stress under salinity.

Research paper thumbnail of EFFECT OF SALT STRESS ON VARIATION OF ESTERASE ISOENZYMES OF TWO CONTRASTING GENOTYPES OF MEDICAGO

L'activité des estérases qui est liée au stade physiologique et métabolique de la cellule des pla... more L'activité des estérases qui est liée au stade physiologique et métabolique de la cellule des plantes, peut être affectée par les facteurs environnementaux tels que le stress salin. La présente étude porte sur l'électrophorèse native des isoenzymes d'estérases, chez deux génotypes de deux espèces différentes du genre Medicago, l'une tolérante de l'espèce M. truncatula Gaertn, et l'autre sensible de l'espèce M. polymorpha L. L'étude de la synthèse des isoenzymes d'estérases durant la germination des graines sous différentes concentrations de salinité 0, 68, 102 et 137 mM, a montré des variations quantitatives et qualitatives spécifiques dans la synthèse de ces isoenzymes, entre les deux génotypes contrastés. Ce polymorphisme biochimique d'isoenzymes d'estérases, peut être expliqué par un polymorphisme génétique des gènes impliqués dans la tolérance au stress salin chez Medicago.

Abstract.-The activity of the esterases wich is related to the physiological and metabolic stage of the plant cell, can be affected by the environmental factors such as the salt stress. Our study was carried on the native electrophoresis of the esterases isoenzymes, on two ecotypes from two different species of Medicago, the tolerant from M. truncatula Gaertn and the sensitive one from M. polymorpha L. The study of the synthesis of esterases isozymes during germination of seeds under different salt concentration of salinity 0, 68, 102 and 137 mM, showed a specific quantitative and qualitative variations of isoenymes synthesis, between the two contrasting. This biochemical polymorphism of esterases isoenzymes, can be explained by the genetic polymorphism of genes involved in salt stress tolerance in Medicago.

Research paper thumbnail of Molecular analysis of two genotypes of Medicago truncatula Gaertn. by the expressed sequence tag EST-SSR (MTIC 124) in response to salinity

Analyse moléculaire de deux génotypes de Medicago truncatula Gaertn. par le marqueur de séquence ... more Analyse moléculaire de deux génotypes de Medicago truncatula Gaertn. par le marqueur de séquence exprimée EST-SSR (MTIC 124) en réponse à la salinité [ Molecular analysis of two genotypes of Medicago truncatula Gaertn. by the expressed sequence tag EST-SSR (MTIC 124) in response to salinity ] ABSTRACT: In this study, we used the expressed sequence EST-SSR marker (MTIC124) to show genetic variation and determine a potential link between this marker and salt stress tolerance on two contrasting Medicago truncatula Gaertn. genotypes (Tru 131 tolerant genotype, and Jemalong, sensitive one). The amplification of the DNA isolated from 10 individual seedlings for each genotype with the EST-SSR primers (MTIC 124) produced a total of 20 amplified products. The sizes of the alleles detected ranged from 100 to 280 bp. The analysis of polymorphism locus showed that the tolerant genotype (Tru 131) population had two alleles, genetic diversity index of 0.32 and PIC value of 0.267. The results obtained from UniGene and Uniprot databases of highly similarity proteins sequences with the EST-SSR locus MTIC 124, showed that this locus encode cysteine proteinase inhibitor and was expressed principally in root of M.truncatula. This data suggest that this locus is involved in salinity tolerance and it is appropriate for studying and understanding salt stress tolerance mechanisms in Medicago truncatula Gaertn. RESUME: Dans cette étude, nous avons utilisé le marqueur de séquence exprimée EST-SSR (MTIC 124) pour évaluer la variabilité génétique et déterminer la relation potentielle entre ce marqueur et la tolérance au stress salin, de deux génotypes contrastés de Medicago truncatula Gaertn. (Tru 131, tolérant & Jemalong, sensible). L'amplification de l'ADN isolé à partir de 10 individus de jeunes plants de chaque génotype avec les amorces d'EST-SSR (MTIC124) a produit un total de 20 amplicons. La taille des allèles détectée, varie de 100 à 280 pb. L'analyse du polymorphisme de ce locus a montré que les population du génotype Tru 131 a deux allèles, une diversité génétique de 0.32 et un PIC de 0.267. Les résultats obtenus à partir des bases de données Unigene et Uniprot sur les séquence protéiques hautement similaires avec le locus EST-SSR (MTIC 124), ont montré que ce locus code pour l'inhibiteur de la cystéine protéinase, qui est exprimée principalement au niveau des racines. Cette information suggère que ce locus est impliqué dans l'adaptation à la salinité, et il est adéquat pour l'étude et la compréhension des mécanismes de tolérance au stress salin chez Medicago truncatula Gaertn. MOTS-CLEFS: Medicago truncatula Gaertn., stress salin, marqueur moléculaire, bases de données moléculaires

Research paper thumbnail of VARIABILITY OF THE TOLERANCE OF SALT STRESS IN TWO CONTRASTING GENOTYPES OF THE Medicago truncatula LEGUME AT THE GERMINATION STAGE

The study on the assessment of the variability of salt stress tolerance, focused on two contrasti... more The study on the assessment of the variability of salt stress tolerance, focused on two contrasting genotypes of the plant M. truncatula under four levels of salt stress (distilled water as control 0; 68; 102 and 137 mM) of sodium chloride (NaCl) solution, one is tolerant (Tru 131) and the (Jemalong) the sensitive one. The data analysis of germination aptitude showed that the (Tru 131) genotype had the best germinatif ability, compared to (Jemalong). The soluble protein analysis, showed a high protein synthesis during salt stress application in the tolerant genotype compared to the sensitive one (Jemalong). The introduction of the most tolerant genotype (Tru 131) in arid and semi-arid areas in Algeria and Mediterranean regions, can improve significantly the vegetal productivity in order to ensure a good animal food and contribute to the fertilization of agricultural land.

Research paper thumbnail of African Journal of Biotechnology Early seedling development of Medicago truncatula genotypes under salt stress in relationship with seed dry weight and storage protein content

In order to have more information on early seedling development under salinity stress (one of the... more In order to have more information on early seedling development under salinity stress (one of the important factors limiting plant productivity and also crop growth), it will be interesting to examine radicle growth in comparison to plumule elongation under different salinity stress conditions. In this study, we assessed the variability of four genotypes of the plant model Medicago truncatula under four levels of salt stress (distilled water as control 0, 68, 102 and 137 mM) of sodium chloride (NaCl) solution. Several studies are focalised in root or radical development because is the most sensitive part of the plant and controls rapid transmission information to other plant parts. In order to evaluate the degree of radicle sensitivity, we measured the plumule length to radicle length ratio (PL: RL ratio). Also, we investigated the relationship between storage protein content, seed weight and salinity tolerance degree. The results show that Tru 131 and Tru 673 genotypes, with a low ratio (radicle more resistant (longer) than plumule) and high storage protein content, are more tolerant to salinity stress than the sensitive genotypes Tru 26 and Jemalong that had a high ratio (radicle more sensitive (shorter) than plumule) and low storage protein content. We concluded that the most tolerant genotype (Tru 131) with rich protein and high seed weight can be cultivated in saline and semi-arid areas in Algeria and Mediterranean regions to improve the legumes productivity. Although, the genotype (Tru 673) that had a low seed vigour, appear tolerant (high PL:RL ratio) despite coming from 'aged seeds'. This additional data shows the influence of 'aged seeds' on seed vigour and root growth because seeds contain all of the genetic resources of the plant.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Salinity Stress on Seedling Development of Different Ecotypes of the Model Legume Medicago truncatula

For the analysis of seedling growth under salinity stress, it will be useful to study root growth... more For the analysis of seedling growth under salinity stress, it will be useful to study root growth in comparison to shoot elongation under salt stress. In this study, we assessed the variability of eleven ecotypes of M. truncatula under salt stress (137 mM) of NaCl compared to the control.
Several studies are focalised in root growth and development because it is the most sensitive part of the plant and controls rapid transmission information to other plant parts. In order to assess the level of root sensitivity, we measured the shoot length to root length ratio. The Results showed that Tru 131 ecotype, with a high ratio (Root more vigorous than shoot) is more tolerant to salinity stress than the sensitive ecotypes that had a low ratio. We consider that the most tolerant Algerian
ecotype Tru 11 (Tru 131) can be cultivated in saline and semi-arid areas in Algeria and Mediterranean regions in order to improve the legumes productivity and ameliorate the nitrogen
fixation.

Research paper thumbnail of Molecular investigation of two contrasting genotypes of Medicago truncatula to salt stress using two expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat (EST-SSRs) markers

Research paper thumbnail of Genetic diversity of seed storage protein in Medicago truncatula genotypes in relation with salt stress tolerance

Seed storage proteins from four genotypes of the plant model (Medicago truncatula) were electroph... more Seed storage proteins from four genotypes of the plant model (Medicago truncatula) were electrophoretically separated by SDS-PAGE in order to find protein bands as markers for genotypes characterization in relation to salt stress. A total of 20 protein bands with molecular weight ranging from 10 to > 80 kD were recorded. Among the genotypes, the tolerant genotype (Tru 131) represented maximum number of protein bands (14) and the sensitive one (Tru 26) corresponded minimum number of polypeptide bands (07). Bands (13 and 14) were highly polymorphic and are exclusive to (Tru 131 and Tru 673), tolerant genotypes. The average gene diversity of seed storage protein in M. truncatula genotypes was moderate (H = 0,477) and the clustering revealed variation between these genotypes and were assembled in three groups. The variability of protein profiles suggested that these selected genotypes can be a good source for crop improvement through hybridization programs.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparative analysis of salinity tolerance of the male gametophyte and the sporophyte in Medicago at the germination stage

Analyse comparative de la tolérance à la salinité du gamétophyte mâle et du sporophyte chez Medic... more Analyse comparative de la tolérance à la salinité du gamétophyte mâle et du sporophyte chez Medicago au stade germination. De nombreuses études ont montré une corrélation positive entre les réponses du pollen et de celles du sporophyte à un ensemble de stress. Une étude comparative de la tolérance à la salinité du gamétophyte mâle et du sporophyte au stade germination, a été effectuée sur six écotypes d'espèces annuelles du genre Medicago. A été mesuré, au stade sporophytique, le taux de germination des graines, au stade gamétophytique, le taux de germination du pollen après application d'un stress salin à différentes concentrations de NaCl (0 ; 68 ; 102 et 137 mM). L'analyse des données relatives au sporophyte et au gamétophyte montre que les six écotypes diffèrent significativement entre eux en absence et en présence de stress pour le taux de germination. Le génotype Tru 42 de l'espèce M. truncatula a montré une meilleure capacité germinative, apparaît comme le plus tolérant et le génotype Pol 248 de M. polymorpha le moins tolérant. Ces résultats montrent qu'une correspondance entre l'aptitude du sporophyte et celui du gamétophyte pour la tolérance à la salinité, existe chez Medicago, ce qui permet d'envisager la possibilité d'appliquer la sélection au stade gamétophytique, une technique rapide et économique.

Research paper thumbnail of Caractérisation biochimique d’isoenzymes d’estérases au cours du processus germinatif des graines d’espèces annuelles du genre Médicago pour la tolérance au stress salin

Résumé. L’activité des estérases qui est liée au stade physiologique et métabolique de la cellule... more Résumé. L’activité des estérases qui est liée au stade physiologique et métabolique de la cellule, peut être affectée par les facteurs environnementaux tels que le stress salin. Pour cela, une étude a porté sur l’électrophorèse native et la révélation spécifique des isoenzymes d’estérase chez deux écotypes appartenant à deux espèces différentes du genre Medicago, l’une tolérante appartenant à l’espèce M. truncatula, et l’autre sensible appartenant à l’espèce M. polymorpha. L’étude de la synthèse des isoenzymes d’estérases durant le processus germinatif des graines en conditions témoin et durant le stress salin à différentes concentrations de salinité 68 , 102 et 137 mM, a mis en évidence des variations quantitatives et qualitatives pour la synthèse de ces isoenzymes, entre ces deux génotypes, avec une cinétique d’apparition différente des bandes d’isozymes, ceci permettra la possibilité de localiser et d’identifier les gènes candidats impliqués dans la tolérance au stress salin. Mot...

Research paper thumbnail of Physiological and biochemical characterization of rootlets response to salt stress in two Medicago truncatula Gaertn. ecotypes

Legumes are very important plants both ecologically and agriculturally because they are able to i... more Legumes are very important plants both ecologically and agriculturally because they are able to interact symbiotically with rhizobia for biological nitrogen fixation and soil fertilization. Medicago truncatula Gaertn. is an important model legume rich in protein. Salinity represents, today, the major cause of land degradation and crop productivity
limitation around the world and affects physiology and metabolism in legumes. In this study, we analyzed the physiological and biochemical responses of rootlets in two contrasting ecotypes of Medicago truncatula (Tru 131, tolerant and Jemalong, sensitive) to different level of NaCl, (68, 102 and 137 mM). Results showed that the tolerant ecotype has a lower water potential than Jemalong. Root protein content of Tru 131 was decreased than Jemalong, this can be explained by accumulation of protein oxidation in the sensitive genotype. Moreover, NaCl increased guaiacol peroxidase activity GPX in rootlets of Tru 131, this enzyme has a protective role against the molecules ROS accumulated during oxidative stress. On the other hand, under salt stress the total content of ascorbate (ASC + DHA) and Glutathione (GSH + GSSG) was increased in the tolerant genotype Tru 131 compared
to Jemalong. These results show how the tolerant genotype activate the antioxidative defense system at root level against damages caused by
oxidative stress under salinity.

Research paper thumbnail of EFFECT OF SALT STRESS ON VARIATION OF ESTERASE ISOENZYMES OF TWO CONTRASTING GENOTYPES OF MEDICAGO

L'activité des estérases qui est liée au stade physiologique et métabolique de la cellule des pla... more L'activité des estérases qui est liée au stade physiologique et métabolique de la cellule des plantes, peut être affectée par les facteurs environnementaux tels que le stress salin. La présente étude porte sur l'électrophorèse native des isoenzymes d'estérases, chez deux génotypes de deux espèces différentes du genre Medicago, l'une tolérante de l'espèce M. truncatula Gaertn, et l'autre sensible de l'espèce M. polymorpha L. L'étude de la synthèse des isoenzymes d'estérases durant la germination des graines sous différentes concentrations de salinité 0, 68, 102 et 137 mM, a montré des variations quantitatives et qualitatives spécifiques dans la synthèse de ces isoenzymes, entre les deux génotypes contrastés. Ce polymorphisme biochimique d'isoenzymes d'estérases, peut être expliqué par un polymorphisme génétique des gènes impliqués dans la tolérance au stress salin chez Medicago.

Abstract.-The activity of the esterases wich is related to the physiological and metabolic stage of the plant cell, can be affected by the environmental factors such as the salt stress. Our study was carried on the native electrophoresis of the esterases isoenzymes, on two ecotypes from two different species of Medicago, the tolerant from M. truncatula Gaertn and the sensitive one from M. polymorpha L. The study of the synthesis of esterases isozymes during germination of seeds under different salt concentration of salinity 0, 68, 102 and 137 mM, showed a specific quantitative and qualitative variations of isoenymes synthesis, between the two contrasting. This biochemical polymorphism of esterases isoenzymes, can be explained by the genetic polymorphism of genes involved in salt stress tolerance in Medicago.

Research paper thumbnail of Molecular analysis of two genotypes of Medicago truncatula Gaertn. by the expressed sequence tag EST-SSR (MTIC 124) in response to salinity

Analyse moléculaire de deux génotypes de Medicago truncatula Gaertn. par le marqueur de séquence ... more Analyse moléculaire de deux génotypes de Medicago truncatula Gaertn. par le marqueur de séquence exprimée EST-SSR (MTIC 124) en réponse à la salinité [ Molecular analysis of two genotypes of Medicago truncatula Gaertn. by the expressed sequence tag EST-SSR (MTIC 124) in response to salinity ] ABSTRACT: In this study, we used the expressed sequence EST-SSR marker (MTIC124) to show genetic variation and determine a potential link between this marker and salt stress tolerance on two contrasting Medicago truncatula Gaertn. genotypes (Tru 131 tolerant genotype, and Jemalong, sensitive one). The amplification of the DNA isolated from 10 individual seedlings for each genotype with the EST-SSR primers (MTIC 124) produced a total of 20 amplified products. The sizes of the alleles detected ranged from 100 to 280 bp. The analysis of polymorphism locus showed that the tolerant genotype (Tru 131) population had two alleles, genetic diversity index of 0.32 and PIC value of 0.267. The results obtained from UniGene and Uniprot databases of highly similarity proteins sequences with the EST-SSR locus MTIC 124, showed that this locus encode cysteine proteinase inhibitor and was expressed principally in root of M.truncatula. This data suggest that this locus is involved in salinity tolerance and it is appropriate for studying and understanding salt stress tolerance mechanisms in Medicago truncatula Gaertn. RESUME: Dans cette étude, nous avons utilisé le marqueur de séquence exprimée EST-SSR (MTIC 124) pour évaluer la variabilité génétique et déterminer la relation potentielle entre ce marqueur et la tolérance au stress salin, de deux génotypes contrastés de Medicago truncatula Gaertn. (Tru 131, tolérant & Jemalong, sensible). L'amplification de l'ADN isolé à partir de 10 individus de jeunes plants de chaque génotype avec les amorces d'EST-SSR (MTIC124) a produit un total de 20 amplicons. La taille des allèles détectée, varie de 100 à 280 pb. L'analyse du polymorphisme de ce locus a montré que les population du génotype Tru 131 a deux allèles, une diversité génétique de 0.32 et un PIC de 0.267. Les résultats obtenus à partir des bases de données Unigene et Uniprot sur les séquence protéiques hautement similaires avec le locus EST-SSR (MTIC 124), ont montré que ce locus code pour l'inhibiteur de la cystéine protéinase, qui est exprimée principalement au niveau des racines. Cette information suggère que ce locus est impliqué dans l'adaptation à la salinité, et il est adéquat pour l'étude et la compréhension des mécanismes de tolérance au stress salin chez Medicago truncatula Gaertn. MOTS-CLEFS: Medicago truncatula Gaertn., stress salin, marqueur moléculaire, bases de données moléculaires

Research paper thumbnail of VARIABILITY OF THE TOLERANCE OF SALT STRESS IN TWO CONTRASTING GENOTYPES OF THE Medicago truncatula LEGUME AT THE GERMINATION STAGE

The study on the assessment of the variability of salt stress tolerance, focused on two contrasti... more The study on the assessment of the variability of salt stress tolerance, focused on two contrasting genotypes of the plant M. truncatula under four levels of salt stress (distilled water as control 0; 68; 102 and 137 mM) of sodium chloride (NaCl) solution, one is tolerant (Tru 131) and the (Jemalong) the sensitive one. The data analysis of germination aptitude showed that the (Tru 131) genotype had the best germinatif ability, compared to (Jemalong). The soluble protein analysis, showed a high protein synthesis during salt stress application in the tolerant genotype compared to the sensitive one (Jemalong). The introduction of the most tolerant genotype (Tru 131) in arid and semi-arid areas in Algeria and Mediterranean regions, can improve significantly the vegetal productivity in order to ensure a good animal food and contribute to the fertilization of agricultural land.

Research paper thumbnail of African Journal of Biotechnology Early seedling development of Medicago truncatula genotypes under salt stress in relationship with seed dry weight and storage protein content

In order to have more information on early seedling development under salinity stress (one of the... more In order to have more information on early seedling development under salinity stress (one of the important factors limiting plant productivity and also crop growth), it will be interesting to examine radicle growth in comparison to plumule elongation under different salinity stress conditions. In this study, we assessed the variability of four genotypes of the plant model Medicago truncatula under four levels of salt stress (distilled water as control 0, 68, 102 and 137 mM) of sodium chloride (NaCl) solution. Several studies are focalised in root or radical development because is the most sensitive part of the plant and controls rapid transmission information to other plant parts. In order to evaluate the degree of radicle sensitivity, we measured the plumule length to radicle length ratio (PL: RL ratio). Also, we investigated the relationship between storage protein content, seed weight and salinity tolerance degree. The results show that Tru 131 and Tru 673 genotypes, with a low ratio (radicle more resistant (longer) than plumule) and high storage protein content, are more tolerant to salinity stress than the sensitive genotypes Tru 26 and Jemalong that had a high ratio (radicle more sensitive (shorter) than plumule) and low storage protein content. We concluded that the most tolerant genotype (Tru 131) with rich protein and high seed weight can be cultivated in saline and semi-arid areas in Algeria and Mediterranean regions to improve the legumes productivity. Although, the genotype (Tru 673) that had a low seed vigour, appear tolerant (high PL:RL ratio) despite coming from 'aged seeds'. This additional data shows the influence of 'aged seeds' on seed vigour and root growth because seeds contain all of the genetic resources of the plant.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Salinity Stress on Seedling Development of Different Ecotypes of the Model Legume Medicago truncatula

For the analysis of seedling growth under salinity stress, it will be useful to study root growth... more For the analysis of seedling growth under salinity stress, it will be useful to study root growth in comparison to shoot elongation under salt stress. In this study, we assessed the variability of eleven ecotypes of M. truncatula under salt stress (137 mM) of NaCl compared to the control.
Several studies are focalised in root growth and development because it is the most sensitive part of the plant and controls rapid transmission information to other plant parts. In order to assess the level of root sensitivity, we measured the shoot length to root length ratio. The Results showed that Tru 131 ecotype, with a high ratio (Root more vigorous than shoot) is more tolerant to salinity stress than the sensitive ecotypes that had a low ratio. We consider that the most tolerant Algerian
ecotype Tru 11 (Tru 131) can be cultivated in saline and semi-arid areas in Algeria and Mediterranean regions in order to improve the legumes productivity and ameliorate the nitrogen
fixation.

Research paper thumbnail of Molecular investigation of two contrasting genotypes of Medicago truncatula to salt stress using two expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat (EST-SSRs) markers

Research paper thumbnail of Genetic diversity of seed storage protein in Medicago truncatula genotypes in relation with salt stress tolerance

Seed storage proteins from four genotypes of the plant model (Medicago truncatula) were electroph... more Seed storage proteins from four genotypes of the plant model (Medicago truncatula) were electrophoretically separated by SDS-PAGE in order to find protein bands as markers for genotypes characterization in relation to salt stress. A total of 20 protein bands with molecular weight ranging from 10 to > 80 kD were recorded. Among the genotypes, the tolerant genotype (Tru 131) represented maximum number of protein bands (14) and the sensitive one (Tru 26) corresponded minimum number of polypeptide bands (07). Bands (13 and 14) were highly polymorphic and are exclusive to (Tru 131 and Tru 673), tolerant genotypes. The average gene diversity of seed storage protein in M. truncatula genotypes was moderate (H = 0,477) and the clustering revealed variation between these genotypes and were assembled in three groups. The variability of protein profiles suggested that these selected genotypes can be a good source for crop improvement through hybridization programs.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparative analysis of salinity tolerance of the male gametophyte and the sporophyte in Medicago at the germination stage

Analyse comparative de la tolérance à la salinité du gamétophyte mâle et du sporophyte chez Medic... more Analyse comparative de la tolérance à la salinité du gamétophyte mâle et du sporophyte chez Medicago au stade germination. De nombreuses études ont montré une corrélation positive entre les réponses du pollen et de celles du sporophyte à un ensemble de stress. Une étude comparative de la tolérance à la salinité du gamétophyte mâle et du sporophyte au stade germination, a été effectuée sur six écotypes d'espèces annuelles du genre Medicago. A été mesuré, au stade sporophytique, le taux de germination des graines, au stade gamétophytique, le taux de germination du pollen après application d'un stress salin à différentes concentrations de NaCl (0 ; 68 ; 102 et 137 mM). L'analyse des données relatives au sporophyte et au gamétophyte montre que les six écotypes diffèrent significativement entre eux en absence et en présence de stress pour le taux de germination. Le génotype Tru 42 de l'espèce M. truncatula a montré une meilleure capacité germinative, apparaît comme le plus tolérant et le génotype Pol 248 de M. polymorpha le moins tolérant. Ces résultats montrent qu'une correspondance entre l'aptitude du sporophyte et celui du gamétophyte pour la tolérance à la salinité, existe chez Medicago, ce qui permet d'envisager la possibilité d'appliquer la sélection au stade gamétophytique, une technique rapide et économique.