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Papers by saeid Bahramiyan
Palaeolithic of Iran (1), 2021
Archaeologically, Fars cultural basin is one of the key areas in which the most purposeful archae... more Archaeologically, Fars cultural basin is one of the key areas in which the most purposeful archaeological research has been carried out until now. The geographical vastness of this culture extends to the northern banks of the Persian Gulf and especially its hinterlands. Paleolithic studies in Fars cultural basin have a long history focusing on the northern parts of the area. Recently discovered Paleolithic sites belong to the middle to upper Paleolithic period showing that the hinterland territories near the Persian Gulf occupied by Pleistocene humans. The human groups that their movement and exiting of Africa are one of the crucial issues in anthropology and paleontology. During an archaeological survey, 5 Paleolithic open-sites were discovered in this area. All the sites are located on the seasonal river terraces and are related to springs which Showing the importance of this landscape for more Paleolithic investigations. Geographically, the study area in this article is located near the Persian Gulf and Hormuz Strait in the southern Iranian plateau. For this reason the study area can prove the potential of shoreline dispersal routes and can points to the strategic role of the Hormuz Strait as a connecting route between north and southern parts of the Persian Gulf. And referring this strait as a corridor using by Hominins to enter into the Iranian Plateau and dispersal to the eastern realms.
Palaeolithic of Iran (1), 2021
The purpose of this paper is to introduce a research project with a multi-disciplinary approach t... more The purpose of this paper is to introduce a research project with a multi-disciplinary approach to investigate a unique geographical and geological landscape in the western piedmonts of the Zagros, which has been used by the Pleistocene humans. Because of varied landscape and suitable environmental conditions, the Iranian Plateau has had a high potential for attracting human populations from the past to the present. In terms of geographical location, Iran is located between West and East Asia, and it connects southwest Asia to the central and eastern parts of Asia. Hence, it could always be used as one of the migration routes of Pleistocene humans. Although in the last two decades, the presence of expert researchers and the beginning of professional researches on the activities of Pleistocene humans in the mountainous regions of Zagros and Alborz, piedmont regions, plains, edge of deserts, and the coastlines have provided some interesting information that has reinforced the above thesis, but some areas are less considered, and there is limited information about the Paleolithic periods. Among these unknown regions, the western piedmonts of Zagros in western Iran can be mentioned. This area has always been one of the natural communication corridors of the Pleistocene period and even nowadays in western Iran. Our study area includes the northern piedmont parts of Susiana, Deh Luran, and Mehran plains (the piedmonts between the Zagros Mountains and the lowlands).
In recent years several Paleolithic sites were discovered accidentally in these areas. The discovered sites are indicating the high potential of the area for further Paleolithic studies. As most of the identified Paleolithic sites in this area are close to the available water resources and raw material outcrops (e.g., Bakhtyari conglomerate formation), study the geological, geomorphological, and physical geography features of the area are necessary. It is also essential to conduct a techno-typological analysis of assemblages for each site to recognize their exact chronology and functions. Furthermore, using some laboratory methods to identify the chemical composition and chemical characteristics of raw materials to recognize these raw materials' resources is essential. Based on these studies, we will obtain some new information about geological features and the study area's geographic landscape to understand better Paleolithic sites' formation and their distribution in the study area. It is possible to analyze the settlement patterns of the sites based on other environmental and climatic information.
In general, the detailed analysis of recovered Paleolithic artifacts and analysis of the sites' settlement patterns in the region's general landscape can provide useful information about the dispersal and adaptability strategies applied by the Paleolithic groups in confronting the environment of this area. Some other strategies, such as patterns used in the raw materials procurement and stone economic, can be clarified for archaeologists. Based on some basic questions about the sites' chronology, settlement patterns, and crucial role(s) of geological and geomorphological elements of the study area, we are trying to A) Present a better perspective about the situation of settlement patterns of Paleolithic landscape in this area; B) Recognize the importance of this part of Iranian Plateau in the Paleolithic studies; C) Doing a geoarchaeological investigation on the Paleolithic sites relying on archaeological, geological, geomorphological, physical geography, laboratory methods; E) Utilization of paleoenvironmental and climatic information in the study area in this extensive landscape and recognizing their possible role.
From an archaeological point of view, the west of Iran has provided significant cultural-social e... more From an archaeological point of view, the west of Iran has provided significant cultural-social evidence from different periods of prehistory. This region, which is mainly covered by the Central Zagros Mountains, has attracted many archaeologists and numerous surveys and excavations, which have been conducted in this area since the early 20th century and especially in the middle of that century. Nevertheless, the Sarfirouzabad Plain, located in the southern part of Kermanshah province and along the southern and southeastern side of Mahidasht great plain, despite its environmental and ecological potential, has not been studied properly except for some brief visits. The results of an intensive survey conducted in this plain by an expedition from Tehran University in 2009 provides us with useful information about the history of the region. Twenty-four sites from the Late and Middle Bronze Age (Godin III Culture) have been identified. Each of these sites is introduced in the present paper and the archaeological conditions of the region during the Late and Middle Bronze Age are discussed
Documenta Praehistorica, 2019
There is a considerable body of studies regarding the activities of the Pleistocene human populat... more There is a considerable body of studies regarding the activities of the Pleistocene human
population in the Zagros and Alborz regions of Iran, as well as significant progress in the Palaeolithic studies in other regions, such as the foothills, plains and deserts’ margins. However, some of
these peripheral regions and foothills are still neglected, and the information about the Palaeolithic
period in these areas is limited. Khuzestan province, especially its northern regions, is one of these
unstudied regions, yet the limited information about this region seems very interesting. Khervali,
located on the western foothills of the Zagros Mountains and on the northern heights of Susa, nearby
the western bank of the Karkheh River, is one of the few Palaeolithic sites identified in recent years.
The site was identified in 2012 and was systemically surveyed. Due to the extension of the site and
the distribution of the artefacts, sampling all the site was not feasible, therefore, four sections of the
site were chosen for taking the samples and a total of 330 stone artefacts were collected. The results
of the techno-typology analyses, as well as the frequency of the flakes, the Levallois samples and different types of scrapers, revealed that the artefacts date to the middle Palaeolithic period, with considerable access to the local raw materials
Tapeh Mahtaj is the earliest known occupation that has yet been discovered in the eastern plains ... more Tapeh Mahtaj is the earliest known occupation that has yet been discovered in the eastern plains of southwestern Iran. The site contains Pre-Pottery Neolithic deposits, ca. 40 cm in depth. The available finds suggest that the site was seasonally occupied during the second half of the 8 th millennium bc. Three occupational phases were recognized at the site. The upper levels witnessed the introduction of obsidian into the region and also contained a large amount of grinding stones that were not in their primary context. Tapeh Mahtaj provides crucial information on the appearance of agriculture in the plains, which were closer to the coast line 10,000 years ago than today. This issue provides us with information on the Neolithization of the Persian Gulf Oasis.
Antiquity Publications Ltd, 2016 ANTIQUITY 90 354, e1 (2016): 1–6 doi:10.15184/aqy.2016.190, 2016
Antiquity Publications Ltd, 2018 antiquity 92 362, e1 (2018): 1–7 https://doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2018.59
Conference by saeid Bahramiyan
While extensive studies about the Pleistocene Humans activities at the Alborz and Zagros Mountain... more While extensive studies about the Pleistocene Humans activities at the Alborz and Zagros Mountains, Survey and study of many areas such as hilly areas, plains and edge of deserts has been a significant progress in recent years. Nonetheless many of these areas has not been regarded at the same, there are limited information about the Paleolithic periods from these areas. Among of these areas it can be mentioned Khuzistan province, specially, northern and northwestern areas (northern highlands of Susiana plain) despite of limited Paleolithic surveys in many recent years, has obtained evidences sound important. The Site of Khervali is one of the scantling declared Paleolithic sites in recent years which located in the west of Zagros Mountain in northern highlands of Susa Township, near of western bank of Karkhe River. The aforementioned site was discovered and surveyed systematically in 2012. due to extension of site and distribution of artifacts, sampling of entire of site was impossible, For this reason just four parts of the site selected for sampling of artifacts which 330 artifacts were collected in total. Techno-typology analysis of artifacts show that the Khervali is presumably a middle Paleolithic site with use of flaking technique, along with Levallois elements, different types of scraper and considerable accessibility to local raw material.
Palaeolithic of Iran (1), 2021
Archaeologically, Fars cultural basin is one of the key areas in which the most purposeful archae... more Archaeologically, Fars cultural basin is one of the key areas in which the most purposeful archaeological research has been carried out until now. The geographical vastness of this culture extends to the northern banks of the Persian Gulf and especially its hinterlands. Paleolithic studies in Fars cultural basin have a long history focusing on the northern parts of the area. Recently discovered Paleolithic sites belong to the middle to upper Paleolithic period showing that the hinterland territories near the Persian Gulf occupied by Pleistocene humans. The human groups that their movement and exiting of Africa are one of the crucial issues in anthropology and paleontology. During an archaeological survey, 5 Paleolithic open-sites were discovered in this area. All the sites are located on the seasonal river terraces and are related to springs which Showing the importance of this landscape for more Paleolithic investigations. Geographically, the study area in this article is located near the Persian Gulf and Hormuz Strait in the southern Iranian plateau. For this reason the study area can prove the potential of shoreline dispersal routes and can points to the strategic role of the Hormuz Strait as a connecting route between north and southern parts of the Persian Gulf. And referring this strait as a corridor using by Hominins to enter into the Iranian Plateau and dispersal to the eastern realms.
Palaeolithic of Iran (1), 2021
The purpose of this paper is to introduce a research project with a multi-disciplinary approach t... more The purpose of this paper is to introduce a research project with a multi-disciplinary approach to investigate a unique geographical and geological landscape in the western piedmonts of the Zagros, which has been used by the Pleistocene humans. Because of varied landscape and suitable environmental conditions, the Iranian Plateau has had a high potential for attracting human populations from the past to the present. In terms of geographical location, Iran is located between West and East Asia, and it connects southwest Asia to the central and eastern parts of Asia. Hence, it could always be used as one of the migration routes of Pleistocene humans. Although in the last two decades, the presence of expert researchers and the beginning of professional researches on the activities of Pleistocene humans in the mountainous regions of Zagros and Alborz, piedmont regions, plains, edge of deserts, and the coastlines have provided some interesting information that has reinforced the above thesis, but some areas are less considered, and there is limited information about the Paleolithic periods. Among these unknown regions, the western piedmonts of Zagros in western Iran can be mentioned. This area has always been one of the natural communication corridors of the Pleistocene period and even nowadays in western Iran. Our study area includes the northern piedmont parts of Susiana, Deh Luran, and Mehran plains (the piedmonts between the Zagros Mountains and the lowlands).
In recent years several Paleolithic sites were discovered accidentally in these areas. The discovered sites are indicating the high potential of the area for further Paleolithic studies. As most of the identified Paleolithic sites in this area are close to the available water resources and raw material outcrops (e.g., Bakhtyari conglomerate formation), study the geological, geomorphological, and physical geography features of the area are necessary. It is also essential to conduct a techno-typological analysis of assemblages for each site to recognize their exact chronology and functions. Furthermore, using some laboratory methods to identify the chemical composition and chemical characteristics of raw materials to recognize these raw materials' resources is essential. Based on these studies, we will obtain some new information about geological features and the study area's geographic landscape to understand better Paleolithic sites' formation and their distribution in the study area. It is possible to analyze the settlement patterns of the sites based on other environmental and climatic information.
In general, the detailed analysis of recovered Paleolithic artifacts and analysis of the sites' settlement patterns in the region's general landscape can provide useful information about the dispersal and adaptability strategies applied by the Paleolithic groups in confronting the environment of this area. Some other strategies, such as patterns used in the raw materials procurement and stone economic, can be clarified for archaeologists. Based on some basic questions about the sites' chronology, settlement patterns, and crucial role(s) of geological and geomorphological elements of the study area, we are trying to A) Present a better perspective about the situation of settlement patterns of Paleolithic landscape in this area; B) Recognize the importance of this part of Iranian Plateau in the Paleolithic studies; C) Doing a geoarchaeological investigation on the Paleolithic sites relying on archaeological, geological, geomorphological, physical geography, laboratory methods; E) Utilization of paleoenvironmental and climatic information in the study area in this extensive landscape and recognizing their possible role.
From an archaeological point of view, the west of Iran has provided significant cultural-social e... more From an archaeological point of view, the west of Iran has provided significant cultural-social evidence from different periods of prehistory. This region, which is mainly covered by the Central Zagros Mountains, has attracted many archaeologists and numerous surveys and excavations, which have been conducted in this area since the early 20th century and especially in the middle of that century. Nevertheless, the Sarfirouzabad Plain, located in the southern part of Kermanshah province and along the southern and southeastern side of Mahidasht great plain, despite its environmental and ecological potential, has not been studied properly except for some brief visits. The results of an intensive survey conducted in this plain by an expedition from Tehran University in 2009 provides us with useful information about the history of the region. Twenty-four sites from the Late and Middle Bronze Age (Godin III Culture) have been identified. Each of these sites is introduced in the present paper and the archaeological conditions of the region during the Late and Middle Bronze Age are discussed
Documenta Praehistorica, 2019
There is a considerable body of studies regarding the activities of the Pleistocene human populat... more There is a considerable body of studies regarding the activities of the Pleistocene human
population in the Zagros and Alborz regions of Iran, as well as significant progress in the Palaeolithic studies in other regions, such as the foothills, plains and deserts’ margins. However, some of
these peripheral regions and foothills are still neglected, and the information about the Palaeolithic
period in these areas is limited. Khuzestan province, especially its northern regions, is one of these
unstudied regions, yet the limited information about this region seems very interesting. Khervali,
located on the western foothills of the Zagros Mountains and on the northern heights of Susa, nearby
the western bank of the Karkheh River, is one of the few Palaeolithic sites identified in recent years.
The site was identified in 2012 and was systemically surveyed. Due to the extension of the site and
the distribution of the artefacts, sampling all the site was not feasible, therefore, four sections of the
site were chosen for taking the samples and a total of 330 stone artefacts were collected. The results
of the techno-typology analyses, as well as the frequency of the flakes, the Levallois samples and different types of scrapers, revealed that the artefacts date to the middle Palaeolithic period, with considerable access to the local raw materials
Tapeh Mahtaj is the earliest known occupation that has yet been discovered in the eastern plains ... more Tapeh Mahtaj is the earliest known occupation that has yet been discovered in the eastern plains of southwestern Iran. The site contains Pre-Pottery Neolithic deposits, ca. 40 cm in depth. The available finds suggest that the site was seasonally occupied during the second half of the 8 th millennium bc. Three occupational phases were recognized at the site. The upper levels witnessed the introduction of obsidian into the region and also contained a large amount of grinding stones that were not in their primary context. Tapeh Mahtaj provides crucial information on the appearance of agriculture in the plains, which were closer to the coast line 10,000 years ago than today. This issue provides us with information on the Neolithization of the Persian Gulf Oasis.
Antiquity Publications Ltd, 2016 ANTIQUITY 90 354, e1 (2016): 1–6 doi:10.15184/aqy.2016.190, 2016
Antiquity Publications Ltd, 2018 antiquity 92 362, e1 (2018): 1–7 https://doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2018.59
While extensive studies about the Pleistocene Humans activities at the Alborz and Zagros Mountain... more While extensive studies about the Pleistocene Humans activities at the Alborz and Zagros Mountains, Survey and study of many areas such as hilly areas, plains and edge of deserts has been a significant progress in recent years. Nonetheless many of these areas has not been regarded at the same, there are limited information about the Paleolithic periods from these areas. Among of these areas it can be mentioned Khuzistan province, specially, northern and northwestern areas (northern highlands of Susiana plain) despite of limited Paleolithic surveys in many recent years, has obtained evidences sound important. The Site of Khervali is one of the scantling declared Paleolithic sites in recent years which located in the west of Zagros Mountain in northern highlands of Susa Township, near of western bank of Karkhe River. The aforementioned site was discovered and surveyed systematically in 2012. due to extension of site and distribution of artifacts, sampling of entire of site was impossible, For this reason just four parts of the site selected for sampling of artifacts which 330 artifacts were collected in total. Techno-typology analysis of artifacts show that the Khervali is presumably a middle Paleolithic site with use of flaking technique, along with Levallois elements, different types of scraper and considerable accessibility to local raw material.