Martin van Bruinessen | Universiteit Utrecht (original) (raw)
Kurdish society and history by Martin van Bruinessen
Peuples Méditerranéens, no. 68-69, 1994
Bulletin critique des Annales islamologiques 37, 2023
![Research paper thumbnail of [Review of] Francis O'Connor, Understanding Insurgency. Popular Support for The PKK in Turkey (Cambridge University Press, 2021)](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/94841362/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](International Review of Social History , Volume 67 , Issue 3 , pp. 581 – 584, 2022
Tuncay Şur & Yalçın Çakmak, eds, Aktör, Müttefik, Şaki: Kürt Aşiretleri (Istanbul: İletişim, 2022), 2022
Third International Conference on Faylee Kurds, 2018
Kurdish Studies 9(2), 247-250, 2021
Kurdish Studies 9(2), 243-245, 2021
Kurdish Studies 9(2), 233-241, 2021
The Iraqi Kurdish historian Kamal Mazhar Ahmad (1937-2021) was probably the best-known and most p... more The Iraqi Kurdish historian Kamal Mazhar Ahmad (1937-2021) was probably the best-known and most productive historian of the Kurds. He belonged to the first generation of Iraqis to pursue postgraduate studies in the Soviet Union after 1958, and when he was allowed to return to Iraq in 1970, he played a crucial role in the institutionalization of academic institutions and disciplines there and acted as an intermediary between Iraqi Kurdish and Soviet academic circles. As a lecturer and later professor at Baghdad University, he trained thousands of (Arab and Kurdish) students.
Ahmet Kerim Gültekin and Çakir Ceyhan Suvari, eds, The Ethno-Cultural Others of Turkey: Contemporary Reflections, 2021
Unlike its predecessor, the multi-ethnic and multi-religious Ottoman Empire, Turkey has long refu... more Unlike its predecessor, the multi-ethnic and multi-religious Ottoman Empire, Turkey has long refused to recognize its internal diversity. The Christian population had dramatically declined due to territorial loss, genocide, and a population exchange with Greece; almost all Arab lands had been lost in the Great War. The various Muslim population groups were subjected to a policy of cultural assimilation and Central Asian Turkish roots were invented for them, in an effort to create a homogeneous and ‘racially’ Turkish nation. The Kurds were the ethnic group that longest resisted assimilation; they were also the first among whom a modern national movement emerged, stimulating a cultural revival and mass participation in ethnic politics. This generated a broader interest in the ethnic and religious heterogeneity hidden behind the façade of monolithic Turkishness. Various other groups began asserting their distinct identities, through language, music, folklore and historiography, and a growing number of academic studies on ethnic communities and cultures appeared. Different types of ethnic or religious identity, with different forms of social organization and degrees of societal recognition, came to be distinguished, ranging from the ‘legal’ minorities, whose rights are guaranteed by international agreements, through large groups associated with a distinct territory, to immigrant communities and other dispersed groups.
Mahabad B. Qilorî & Nêçîrvan Qilorî (ed.), Ferhenga Kurdî – Holendî / Woordenboek Koerdisch – Nederlands, Amsterdam: Bulaaq, 2002, pp. 5-21., 2002
In this foreword to a Kurmanci-Dutch dictionary compiled by the Qilorî brothers, I survey earlier... more In this foreword to a Kurmanci-Dutch dictionary compiled by the Qilorî brothers, I survey earlier efforts to compile useful dictionaries as well as the various motivations of the lexicographers.
in Lourina de Voogd (ed.), Traditie en modernisme in de Turkse literatuur [Oriëntatie immigranten lektuur, 7], Den Haag: Nederlands Biblioteek en Lektuur Centrum, 1985, pp. 47-65., 1985
An early article that documents the beginnings of the Kurmanci literary revival in European exile... more An early article that documents the beginnings of the Kurmanci literary revival in European exile. After a brief overview of classical Kurdish literature and the beginnings of Kurdish publishing in the early 20th century, the article surveys mid-century and more recent publishing activity in Kurmanci (and, more marginally, Zazaki). For non-Dutch readers, the bibliography at the end may have some lasting value.
Faleh A. Jabar & Hosham Dawod (eds), The Kurds: Nationalism and Politics, London: Saqi., 2006
International Conference on ‘Turkey and the Surrounding World: Historical and Present Perspectives’, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China, 2018
The former Ottoman province of Mosul, which comprises what is now the Kurdish Autonomous Region i... more The former Ottoman province of Mosul, which comprises what is now the Kurdish Autonomous Region in Iraq as well as a broad zone of ethnically and religiously mixed population whose status is still contested, has for more than a century been an important factor in debates on the ‘national’ identity of Turkey and in Turkey’s international relations.
In the wake of the First World War, when the victorious allies France and Britain carved the new states of Syria, Palestine, Transjordan and Iraq out of the Arab-inhabited provinces of the Ottoman Empire, the status of Mosul remained undefined until it was finally made part of Iraq in 1926. Mosul had been one of the most diverse provinces of the Empire, with large Kurdish, Arab and Turkish (Turcoman) populations and numerous religious and ethnic minorities.
Turkey’s interests in Mosul have been manifold. The province has a substantial Turkmen population, mostly living in a string of towns from Tel Afar by Kirkuk to Tuz Khurmatu, and nationalist circles in Turkey have kept the protection of these ‘outer Turks’ on the political agenda. Turkey has insufficient energy resources, and the oil of Kirkuk constitutes the nearest and possibly most stable source of supply. Since the 1970s a pipeline has transported Kirkuk oil through Turkey to the Mediterranean port of Ceyhan. Thirdly, the Kurdish movement in Iraq, which succeeded in gaining autonomy and ultimately a semi-independent status, was eyed with concern by Turkish strategists for the impact this might have on the Kurdish population of Turkey. More recently, Ankara perceived that an alliance with the Iraqi Kurdish leaders might be the best way to contain the influence of the far more radical PKK.
The PKK, which emerged in Turkey in the 1970s and started a guerrilla war in 1984, has had base camps in northern Iraq since even before that date and has established itself ever more firmly there. Since the 1980s, the Turkish army has repeatedly carried out incursions into northern Iraq in attempts to capture or kill Kurdish guerrillas. In the wake of the American invasion of Iraq in 2003, Turkey increased its military presence in northern Iraq. It has several permanent bases, whose presence is grudgingly tolerated by the Kurdish Regional Government.
The rise of ISIS and its rapid conquest in 2014 of most of the contested zone between Arab Iraq and the Kurdish Autonomous Region made the Kurds – both the Iraqi Kurds and the Syrian Kurds closely affiliated with the PKK – into the West’s chief allies in the region. The increased profile of the PKK and its associates in Syria was a major factor in Turkey’s military expansion towards the south, in Syria as well as Iraq. Kurdish victories over ISIS also reignited demands to revise the 1926 settlement of the Mosul question, and placed the demand of Kurdish independence on the agenda.
Wiener Jahrbuch für Kurdische Studien, 2. Jahrgang 2014 (2015), pp. 18-96.
Fabian Richter (ed.), Identität Ethnizität und Nationalismus in Kurdistan. Festschrift zum 65. Geburtstag von Prof. Dr. Ferhad Ibrahim Seyder, Münster: Lit Verlag, 2016, pp. 13-61., 2016
One interesting variety of literature on the Kurds is the genre, usually produced by Turkish nati... more One interesting variety of literature on the Kurds is the genre, usually produced by Turkish nationalists, that attempts to prove that they do not exist, at least not as a distinct people with their own history and culture. The genre is almost as old as the Republic of Turkey itself, and semi-official publications of this kind have accompanied the various campaigns to assimilate the Kurds and to suppress Kurdish ‘separatism.’ Their authors are typically either retired military or civil administrators who spent part of their careers in the region, or men from the region itself, often belonging to tribes or communities of ambiguous ethnic identity, who made a deliberate decision to identify themselves as Turks rather than Kurds and attempted to provide ‘scientific’ evidence for the Turkish origins of the various Kurdish tribes and Kurdish dialects. Most of the authors of works in this genre published since the 1970s were associated with the far-right Nationalist Action Party (MHP).
Peuples Méditerranéens, no. 68-69, 1994
Bulletin critique des Annales islamologiques 37, 2023
International Review of Social History , Volume 67 , Issue 3 , pp. 581 – 584, 2022
Tuncay Şur & Yalçın Çakmak, eds, Aktör, Müttefik, Şaki: Kürt Aşiretleri (Istanbul: İletişim, 2022), 2022
Third International Conference on Faylee Kurds, 2018
Kurdish Studies 9(2), 247-250, 2021
Kurdish Studies 9(2), 243-245, 2021
Kurdish Studies 9(2), 233-241, 2021
The Iraqi Kurdish historian Kamal Mazhar Ahmad (1937-2021) was probably the best-known and most p... more The Iraqi Kurdish historian Kamal Mazhar Ahmad (1937-2021) was probably the best-known and most productive historian of the Kurds. He belonged to the first generation of Iraqis to pursue postgraduate studies in the Soviet Union after 1958, and when he was allowed to return to Iraq in 1970, he played a crucial role in the institutionalization of academic institutions and disciplines there and acted as an intermediary between Iraqi Kurdish and Soviet academic circles. As a lecturer and later professor at Baghdad University, he trained thousands of (Arab and Kurdish) students.
Ahmet Kerim Gültekin and Çakir Ceyhan Suvari, eds, The Ethno-Cultural Others of Turkey: Contemporary Reflections, 2021
Unlike its predecessor, the multi-ethnic and multi-religious Ottoman Empire, Turkey has long refu... more Unlike its predecessor, the multi-ethnic and multi-religious Ottoman Empire, Turkey has long refused to recognize its internal diversity. The Christian population had dramatically declined due to territorial loss, genocide, and a population exchange with Greece; almost all Arab lands had been lost in the Great War. The various Muslim population groups were subjected to a policy of cultural assimilation and Central Asian Turkish roots were invented for them, in an effort to create a homogeneous and ‘racially’ Turkish nation. The Kurds were the ethnic group that longest resisted assimilation; they were also the first among whom a modern national movement emerged, stimulating a cultural revival and mass participation in ethnic politics. This generated a broader interest in the ethnic and religious heterogeneity hidden behind the façade of monolithic Turkishness. Various other groups began asserting their distinct identities, through language, music, folklore and historiography, and a growing number of academic studies on ethnic communities and cultures appeared. Different types of ethnic or religious identity, with different forms of social organization and degrees of societal recognition, came to be distinguished, ranging from the ‘legal’ minorities, whose rights are guaranteed by international agreements, through large groups associated with a distinct territory, to immigrant communities and other dispersed groups.
Mahabad B. Qilorî & Nêçîrvan Qilorî (ed.), Ferhenga Kurdî – Holendî / Woordenboek Koerdisch – Nederlands, Amsterdam: Bulaaq, 2002, pp. 5-21., 2002
In this foreword to a Kurmanci-Dutch dictionary compiled by the Qilorî brothers, I survey earlier... more In this foreword to a Kurmanci-Dutch dictionary compiled by the Qilorî brothers, I survey earlier efforts to compile useful dictionaries as well as the various motivations of the lexicographers.
in Lourina de Voogd (ed.), Traditie en modernisme in de Turkse literatuur [Oriëntatie immigranten lektuur, 7], Den Haag: Nederlands Biblioteek en Lektuur Centrum, 1985, pp. 47-65., 1985
An early article that documents the beginnings of the Kurmanci literary revival in European exile... more An early article that documents the beginnings of the Kurmanci literary revival in European exile. After a brief overview of classical Kurdish literature and the beginnings of Kurdish publishing in the early 20th century, the article surveys mid-century and more recent publishing activity in Kurmanci (and, more marginally, Zazaki). For non-Dutch readers, the bibliography at the end may have some lasting value.
Faleh A. Jabar & Hosham Dawod (eds), The Kurds: Nationalism and Politics, London: Saqi., 2006
International Conference on ‘Turkey and the Surrounding World: Historical and Present Perspectives’, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China, 2018
The former Ottoman province of Mosul, which comprises what is now the Kurdish Autonomous Region i... more The former Ottoman province of Mosul, which comprises what is now the Kurdish Autonomous Region in Iraq as well as a broad zone of ethnically and religiously mixed population whose status is still contested, has for more than a century been an important factor in debates on the ‘national’ identity of Turkey and in Turkey’s international relations.
In the wake of the First World War, when the victorious allies France and Britain carved the new states of Syria, Palestine, Transjordan and Iraq out of the Arab-inhabited provinces of the Ottoman Empire, the status of Mosul remained undefined until it was finally made part of Iraq in 1926. Mosul had been one of the most diverse provinces of the Empire, with large Kurdish, Arab and Turkish (Turcoman) populations and numerous religious and ethnic minorities.
Turkey’s interests in Mosul have been manifold. The province has a substantial Turkmen population, mostly living in a string of towns from Tel Afar by Kirkuk to Tuz Khurmatu, and nationalist circles in Turkey have kept the protection of these ‘outer Turks’ on the political agenda. Turkey has insufficient energy resources, and the oil of Kirkuk constitutes the nearest and possibly most stable source of supply. Since the 1970s a pipeline has transported Kirkuk oil through Turkey to the Mediterranean port of Ceyhan. Thirdly, the Kurdish movement in Iraq, which succeeded in gaining autonomy and ultimately a semi-independent status, was eyed with concern by Turkish strategists for the impact this might have on the Kurdish population of Turkey. More recently, Ankara perceived that an alliance with the Iraqi Kurdish leaders might be the best way to contain the influence of the far more radical PKK.
The PKK, which emerged in Turkey in the 1970s and started a guerrilla war in 1984, has had base camps in northern Iraq since even before that date and has established itself ever more firmly there. Since the 1980s, the Turkish army has repeatedly carried out incursions into northern Iraq in attempts to capture or kill Kurdish guerrillas. In the wake of the American invasion of Iraq in 2003, Turkey increased its military presence in northern Iraq. It has several permanent bases, whose presence is grudgingly tolerated by the Kurdish Regional Government.
The rise of ISIS and its rapid conquest in 2014 of most of the contested zone between Arab Iraq and the Kurdish Autonomous Region made the Kurds – both the Iraqi Kurds and the Syrian Kurds closely affiliated with the PKK – into the West’s chief allies in the region. The increased profile of the PKK and its associates in Syria was a major factor in Turkey’s military expansion towards the south, in Syria as well as Iraq. Kurdish victories over ISIS also reignited demands to revise the 1926 settlement of the Mosul question, and placed the demand of Kurdish independence on the agenda.
Wiener Jahrbuch für Kurdische Studien, 2. Jahrgang 2014 (2015), pp. 18-96.
Fabian Richter (ed.), Identität Ethnizität und Nationalismus in Kurdistan. Festschrift zum 65. Geburtstag von Prof. Dr. Ferhad Ibrahim Seyder, Münster: Lit Verlag, 2016, pp. 13-61., 2016
One interesting variety of literature on the Kurds is the genre, usually produced by Turkish nati... more One interesting variety of literature on the Kurds is the genre, usually produced by Turkish nationalists, that attempts to prove that they do not exist, at least not as a distinct people with their own history and culture. The genre is almost as old as the Republic of Turkey itself, and semi-official publications of this kind have accompanied the various campaigns to assimilate the Kurds and to suppress Kurdish ‘separatism.’ Their authors are typically either retired military or civil administrators who spent part of their careers in the region, or men from the region itself, often belonging to tribes or communities of ambiguous ethnic identity, who made a deliberate decision to identify themselves as Turks rather than Kurds and attempted to provide ‘scientific’ evidence for the Turkish origins of the various Kurdish tribes and Kurdish dialects. Most of the authors of works in this genre published since the 1970s were associated with the far-right Nationalist Action Party (MHP).
Études kurdes, no. 3, 2001
A series of blog posts (written in Singapore in 2019) documenting my gradual uncovering of the el... more A series of blog posts (written in Singapore in 2019) documenting my gradual uncovering of the elusive connection between the peacock symbolism of the Yezidis and South Asian cults of the god Murugan.
F. Bertuccelli, M. Gavrila and F. L. Grassi (eds) Minorities and Diasporas in Turkey Public Images and Issues in Education, 2023
Ali-Asghar Seyed-Gohrab (ed.), Sufi Non-Conformism: Antinomian Trends in the Persianate Cultural Traditions. Leiden University Press, 2024, pp. 245-266., 2024
This chapter is a tribute to my late friend Peter Lamborn Wilson, aka Hakim Bey (d. 2022), and to... more This chapter is a tribute to my late friend Peter Lamborn Wilson, aka Hakim Bey (d. 2022), and to the late Vladimir A. Ivanow (d. 1970), two marginal scholars who spent years in self-chosen exile in Iran and shared a fascination with Ismāʿīlism and the small heterodox communities that might be influenced by it, and who in different ways contributed to my motivation to carry out field research among the Ahl-i Haqq of Gūrān, reputedly the most antinomian community that could be found in Iran. I have often had reason to revisit Ivanow’s writings, especially his book The Truth-Worshippers of Kurdistan, while over the years I have kept corresponding with Wilson about the place of Satan and the Peacock Angel in the cosmology and anthropology of the Ahl-i Haqq and the Yezidis.
I shall focus on two aspects of the Ahl-i Haqq religion: the place in their pantheon of seven angelic beings (haft tan) who appear in human incarnations in each cycle of history, and the social and ritual role of holy lineages (khānadān) in Ahl-i Haqq communities. Both suggest similarities or perhaps historical connections with other communities such as Yazidis and Alevis, as well as a possible connection with pre-Islamic Iranian religions. Some authors have claimed that the Ahl-i Haqq religion is, beneath a thin Islamic veneer, essentially a survival of Zoroastrianism or a “popular” variant of Iranian religion. I shall argue that there is a much more pervasive influence of early Islam in Ahl-i Haqq religion (as well as Yezidism and Alevism) than these scholars are willing to admit.
excerpts from the unpublished inaugural lecture ‘Muslims, Minorities and Modernity: The restructu... more excerpts from the unpublished inaugural lecture ‘Muslims, Minorities and Modernity: The restructuring of heterodoxy in the Middle East and Southeast Asia’, delivered at Utrecht University, November 21, 2000
La Causa dei Populi, vol. I, No. 1-2, pp. 292-34 , 2016
Article on Alevis in Turkey
Kurdish Studies, Vol. 2, No. 2, 2014.
Paper presented at the symposium “The Otherness and Beyond: Dynamism between Group Formation and ... more Paper presented at the symposium “The Otherness and Beyond: Dynamism between Group Formation and Identity in Modern Muslim Societies”,
Tokyo University of Foreign Studies,
5-6 December 2009
Episteme: Jurnal Pengembangan Ilmu Keislaman, 2020
In various cultural and religious contexts, from West Asia to Southeast Asia, we come across a nu... more In various cultural and religious contexts, from West Asia to Southeast Asia, we come across a number of quite similar creation myths in which a peacock, seated on a cosmic tree, plays a central part. For the Yezidis, a sect of Sufi origins that has moved away from Islam, the Peacock Angel, who is the most glorious of the angels, is the master of the created world. This belief may be related to early Muslim cosmologies involving the Muhammadan Light (Nur Muhammad), which in some narratives had the shape of a peacock and participated in creation. In a different set of myths, the peacock and the Tree of Certainty (shajarat al-yaqīn) play a role in Adam and Eve's fall and expulsion from Paradise. The central myth of the South Indian Hindu cult of the god Murugan also involves a tree and a peacock. The myth is enacted in the annual ritual of Thaipusam, like the Nur Muhammad myth is still enacted annually in the Maulid festival of Cikoang in South Sulawesi. Images of the peacock, originating from South India, have moved across cultural and religious boundaries and have been adopted as representing the different communities’ peacock myths.
Kurdish Studies 8 (2), 2020
Kurdish Studies 8(1), 2020
This interview with Martin van Bruinessen records his personal and intellectual engagement with A... more This interview with Martin van Bruinessen records his personal and intellectual engagement with Alevis in Turkey and the Netherlands for over fifty years. Initially, his interest was in Anatolian Alevi culture and he began exploring the religious dimension of Alevism in the 1970s at a time when Alevis were more preoccupied with left-wing politics. He charts the emergence of Alevism studies since the 1980s and links it to the religious resurgence and reinvention of diverse ethno-religious Alevi identities associated with urbanised and diasporic communities. He further examines the relationship between Kurdish and Alevi movements and Alevism and Islam.
“Ahl-i Haqq”, The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Third Edition, Part 2009-2, pp. 51-58., 2009
![Research paper thumbnail of Between Dersim and Dâlahû: Reflections on Kurdish Alevism and the Ahl-i Haqq religion [in Shahrokh Raei (ed.), Islamic Alternatives: Non-Mainstream Religion in Persianate Societies (Wiesbaden 2017, pp. 65-93]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55153245/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Shahrokh Raei (ed.), Islamic Alternatives: Non-Mainstream Religion in Persianate Societies [Göttinger Orientforschungen, III. Reihe: Iranica, N.F. 16]. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2017, pp. 65-93., 2017
Fritillaria Kurdica, Journal of Kurdish Studies (Kraków), No. 3-4 (2014), pp. 6-41., Mar 2014
Turcica XXI-XXIII, 1991, 55-69, Jan 1, 1991
in: Alexandre Popovic & Gilles Veinstein (eds), Bektachiyya: études sur l’ordre mystique des Bektachis et les groupes relevant de Hadji Bektach, Istanbul: Éditions Isis, 1995, pp. 117-38, 1995
Mehmet Öz & Fatih Yeşil (eds), Ötekilerin peşinde. Ahmet Yaşar Ocak'a armağan / In pursuit of the Others: Festschrift in honor of Ahmet Yaşar Ocak, Istanbul: Timaş, 2015, pp. 613-30., 2015
Krisztina Kehl-Bodrogi, Barbara Kellner-Heinkele and Anke Otter-Beaujean (eds), Syncretistic religious communities in the Near East. Leiden: Brill, 1997, pp. 1-23, 1997
Turcica 31 (1999), 549-553., 1999
The Oxford Handbook of Religion in Turkey, edited by Caroline Tee, Fabio Vicini and Philip C. Dorroll. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2024
In Ottoman times, Kurdish medreses existed alongside the official Ottoman medreses; they were dis... more In Ottoman times, Kurdish medreses existed alongside the official Ottoman medreses; they were distinguished by the precedence of the Shafi‘i rather than the Hanafi school of law and the use of Kurdish as the language of instruction. After the medreses were formally closed by the Republican government in 1924, some Kurdish medreses continued operating inconspicuously. In the course of the past century, the numbers of these medreses and their students have declined and expanded in response to the political climate. In addition to religious subjects, traditional Kurdish literature was also cultivated in these vernacular schools. Medrese-trained meles (mullahs) have been influential in Kurdish rural society as organic intellectuals. In the past two decades, both the secular Kurdish movement and its Islamist competitors as well as the Justice and Development Party government have made overtures to the meles and the medrese environment to win the hearts and minds of the Kurdish population.
Elisa Giunchi and Nicola Melis (eds), The Abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate, 1924: Debates and Implications (London: Routledge, 2024), 2024
The abolition of the caliphate and closure of the medreses in 1924 amounted to a significant chan... more The abolition of the caliphate and closure of the medreses in 1924 amounted to a significant change in the relations between large segments of Kurdish society and the state. The Ottoman caliphate had integrated all Muslims of the Empire under a single umbrella, irrespective of language or tribal organization. Especially Sultan Abdulhamid II had made great efforts to reach out to the Arab, Kurdish and Albanian tribes of the Empire’s peripheral zones and act as their patron and protector. Traditional medrese education had performed a similar integrative function, allowing the use of vernacular languages as the medium of instruction and oral communication although the core curriculum consisted of texts in Arabic. The abolition of the caliphate destroyed the last institutional link uniting Kurds and Turks, not long after Mustafa Kemal had stopped mentioning the Kurds explicitly as a component of the national fabric. The law on unification of education threatened to erase the culture of Islamic learning and its intellectual networks as well as the cultivation of Kurdish literacy. Combined, these two secularizing measures raised grave questions of identity and legitimate authority. The first large Kurdish uprising against the Republic represented an effort to reconstitute the caliphate and salvage the medrese tradition in the Kurdish region, strengthening the Kurds’ awareness of being a separate people.
Mewlana Xalid û deselatî mîratî ayînî le Kurdistan û Îndonîsîya, 2023
Introduction to a collection of articles on Mawlana Khalid and the Naqshbandiyya and their influe... more Introduction to a collection of articles on Mawlana Khalid and the Naqshbandiyya and their influence in Kurdistan and in Indonesia
Mawlana Khalid Naqshbandi conference, Sulaymaniya, 2023
Études kurdes no. 14, pp. 9-40, 2021
Islamic movements have generally considered ethnicity as unimportant or irrelevant but tended to ... more Islamic movements have generally considered ethnicity as unimportant or irrelevant but tended to respect the existing nation state system. The Muslim Brotherhood, which influenced all later Islamist movements, established chapters in Syria, Iraq and Iran and recognized Turkey’s Milli Görüş movement as a partner but never allowed a distinct Kurdish branch. Kurdish Brothers were expected to be active in the respective ‘national’ chapters of the movement. Brotherhood networks in Iraqi Kurdistan emerged in the 1950s and survived better during later periods of repression than those in other parts of Iraq. Kurds and other North Iraqis studying in the UK and the USA played key roles in the establishment of the transnational Brotherhood-affiliated network, consisting of Islamic students’ associations and such well-funded institutions as WAMY (the World Association of Muslim Youth) and the International Islamic University of Malaysia. Somewhat later, a smaller but similar group of activists established a Kurdish Islamic organization, the Partiya Islamiya Kurdistan, which was also transnational in the sense of having offices in North America, Europa and Pakistan and appealing to Kurds from Iran, Iraq, Turkey as well as Syria. In indicating its willingness to co-operate with non-Islamic Kurdish movements, this was the first Islamist movement to accommodate Kurdish ethnic identity and nationalism. From the 1980s onwards, specifically Kurdish Islamist groups have emerged in Iraq and Iran as well as Turkey, incorporating the remnants of earlier Muslim Brotherhood-affiliated networks. Ideologically these groups gradually shifted from the assertion of Islamic universalism to the embracing of Kurdish language and culture and various shades of Islamic Kurdish nationalism.
Kurdish Studies 8 (2), 2020
Thierry Zarcone, Ekrem Işın & Arthur Buehler (eds.), The Qâdiriyya Order [=Journal of the History of Sufism, special issue, vol. 1-2]. Istanbul: Simurg, 2000, pp. 131-149., 2000
Kurdish Times (New York) vol. 4 nos. 1-2 (1991), 5-27. , 1991
Working Paper no. 13, Islamic Area Studies Project, Tokyo, Japan, 1999., 1999
Islam des Kurdes, special issue of Les Annales de l’Autre Islam, No. 5 (1998), pp. 39-58., 1998
Marc Gaborieau, Alexandre Popovic et Thierry Zarcone (eds.), Naqshbandis: cheminements et situation actuelle d'un ordre mystique musulman. Istanbul-Paris: Editions Isis, 1990, pp. 337-360., 1990
Martin van Bruinessen, Mullas, Sufis and heretics: the role of religion in Kurdish society. Collected articles, Istanbul: The Isis Press, 2000, pp. 133-141., 2000
Journal of the History of Sufism 1-2 (2000), 79-91., 2000
Journal of Islamic Studies, 2023
Jahrbuch für Antisemitismusforschung 32, 261-286, 2023
C. van Dijk (ed.), Islam en Politiek in Indonesië (Muiderberg: Coutinho, 1988), 51-68, 1988
Working paper No. 222, S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, Singapore, Jan 6, 2011
Archipel, 41, 185-200, 1991
in: Ingrid Wessel (ed.), Indonesien am Ende des 20. Jahrhunderts, Hamburg: Abera-Verlag, 1996, pp. 19-34., 1996
in: Hanneman Samuel & Henk Schulte Nordholt (eds), Indonesia in transition. Rethinking 'civil society', 'region' and 'crisis'. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2004, pp. 37-66., 2004
in: Henk Schulte Nordholt (ed.), Indonesian Transitions. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2006, pp. 205-248. , 2006
ISIM Review 17 (Spring 2006), 22-23., 2006
Nahdlatul Ulama, Traditional Islam and Modernity in …, Jan 1, 1996
Henk Schulte Nordholt and Irwan Abdullah (ed.), Indonesia: in search of transition, Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2002, pp. 15-46., 2002
Inside Indonesia, No. 100, 2010
The Nahdlatul Ulama congress in Makassar arrests the slide away from liberal views but shows the ... more The Nahdlatul Ulama congress in Makassar arrests the slide away from liberal views but shows the organisation's vulnerability to outside political interference.
Southeast Asian Studies (Kyoto) 37, 1999, 158-175., 1999
Martin van Bruinessen, Rakyat Kecil, Islam dan Politik. Yogyakarta: Gading, 2013, Bab 8. , 2013
Anthony Reid (ed.), Indonesia rising: the repositioning of Asia's third giant, Singapore: ISEAS, 2012, pp. 117-40, 2012
Martin van Bruinessen, NU: tradisi, relasi-relasi kuasa, pencarian wacana baru. Yogyakarta: LKiS, 1994. , 1994
This is the English original of Chapter 7 of my book on Nahdlatul Ulama, NU: tradisi, relasi-rela... more This is the English original of Chapter 7 of my book on Nahdlatul Ulama, NU: tradisi, relasi-relasi kuasa, pencarian wacana baru (Yogyakarta: LKiS, 1994). It deals with the tradition of discussing religious and societal problems in the light of the tradition of learning in fiqh ("Islamic jurisprudence"), and it highlights efforts to broaden the scope of the existing fiqh discourse to discuss contentious contemporary issues that could not be reduced to already known problem areas in the existing literature.
NU: tradisi, relasi-relasi kuasa, pencarian wacana baru Yogyakarta: LKiS, 1994), 1994
Bab 7 dari buku NU: tradisi, relasi-relasi kuasa, pencarian wacana baru Yogyakarta: LKiS, 1994) m... more Bab 7 dari buku NU: tradisi, relasi-relasi kuasa, pencarian wacana baru Yogyakarta: LKiS, 1994) membahas tradisi bahtsul masail di lingkungan NU, serta halqah-halqah fiqh masalah kontemporer yang dikembangkan oleh Masdar F. Mas'udi.
Lembaga Kajian islam dan Sosial, Yogyakarta, 1994
Indonesia: In search of Transition, 2002
De turcicis aliisque rebus commentarii Henry Hofman Dedicati, 1992
Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 148 (1992), 142-3, 1992
Bulletin de l’École française d’Extrême-Orient, 2017
Der Islam 67 (1990), 150-79., 1990
Studia Islamika - Indonesian Journal for Islamic Studies vol. 1, no.1 (1994), 1-23, 1994
R. Michael Feener and Anne M. Blackburn (eds), Buddhist and Islamic Orders in Southern Asia: Comparative Perspectives, Honolulu: Hawai'i University Press, 2019, 2019
Sufi orders (tariqa) are attested in Southeast Asia from the seventeenth century onwards, i.e. se... more Sufi orders (tariqa) are attested in Southeast Asia from the seventeenth century onwards, i.e. several centuries after the first kingdoms of the region accepted Islam. Each tariqa had a distinctive set of spiritual techniques and devotional practices, associated with its eponymous founder and handed down to later generations along a silsila, a chain of teacher-disciple links. Initially, the tariqa remained restricted to a small educated elite, mostly based at the Malay and Javanese courts. In the nineteenth century, several tariqa gained a larger and more popular following, giving rise to Sufi communities that stood out from society at large. Besides these, various other communities of Muslim religious specialists, distinguished by their white dress, proliferated in the same period. It is argued that the emergence of these communities may be related to the increasing numbers of Southeast Asians making the hajj pilgrimage and the emergence in Mecca of a self-perpetuating community of Malay-speaking scholars and Sufis, who mediated between Southeast Asians and the wider Muslim world.
Julian Millie (ed.), Hasan Mustapa, Ethnicity and Islam in Indonesia, Clayton: Monash University, 2017
Studia Islamika vol.3 no.3 (1996), 1-20, 1996
Martin van Bruinessen and Julia D. Howell (ed.), Sufism and the 'modern' in Islam, London: I.B.Tauris, pp. 92-112., 2007
Die Welt des Islams, New Series, Vol. 38, Issue 2 (Jul., 1998), pp. 192-219., 1998
Kees van Dijk, Huub de Jonge & Elly Touwen-Bouwsma (eds), Across Madura Strait: The dynamics of an insular society. Leiden: KITLV Press, 1995, pp. 91-117., 1995
in: Harry A. Poeze and Pim Schoorl (eds), Excursies in Celebes, Leiden: KITLV Uitgeverij, 1991, pp. 251-69., 1991
Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 150 (1994), no: 2, Leiden, 305-329, 1994
Journal of the History of Sufism, vol. 1-2 (2000), 361-395., 2000
Frederick de Jong and Bernd Radtke (ed.), Islamic mysticism contested: thirteen centuries of controversies and polemics, Leiden: Brill, pp. 705-28., 1999
Journal of the History of Sufism 5, pp. 225-251, 2008
New Middle Eastern Studies, 2014
Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, 2018
Edinburgh University Press eBooks, Aug 18, 2009
© in this edition Edinburgh University Press, 2009 © in the individual contributions is retained ... more © in this edition Edinburgh University Press, 2009 © in the individual contributions is retained by the authors Edinburgh University Press Ltd 22 George Square, Edinburgh www.euppublishing.com Typeset in 11 /13pt Monotype Baskerville by Servis Filmsetting ...
Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, 1987
Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia
Gorgias Press eBooks, Dec 31, 2011
Islam and Modernity, 2009
Sun, 09 Dec 2018 12:09:00 GMT kurdistan in the shadow of pdf The Kurdistan Workers' Party or ... more Sun, 09 Dec 2018 12:09:00 GMT kurdistan in the shadow of pdf The Kurdistan Workers' Party or PKK (Kurdish: Partiya KarkerÃan KurdistanÃa ‎) is a militant and political organization based in Turkey and Iraq. Fri, 07 Dec 2018 21:44:00 GMT Kurdistan Workers' Party Wikipedia The bloody shadow of Bedirkhan Beg by Hayrî Demir Translated from German by Rojda S. First published in German on September 2013 Edited and revised in November 2017 ... Mon, 10 Dec 2018 14:38:00 GMT The bloody shadow of Bedirkhan Beg ÊzîdîPress English Etymology. The term "peshmerga" was only coined in the mid-20th century. Some [who?] suggest it was coined by the Kurdish writer Ibrahim Ahmad. Others however [who ... Mon, 10 Dec 2018 12:29:00 GMT Peshmerga Wikipedia DivX|DvDRiP|01; Pack: Dim. Nome File #1 : 2.0G: Nella.Tana.Dei.Lupi.2018.i TALiAN.AC3.BDRiP.x264 -C78.mkv: Download #2 : 1.5G: I.Fantasmi.D.Ismael.2017.i TALiAN.DVDRiP ... Sun, 09 Dec 2018 18:42:00 GMT #Divx-Italia We are delighte...
In the two decades since the fall of the Suharto regime, one of the most conspicuous developments... more In the two decades since the fall of the Suharto regime, one of the most conspicuous developments has been the rapidly increasing influence of religious interpretations and practices emanating from the Middle East and more specifically the Gulf states, leading observers to speak of the “Arabisation” of Indonesian Islam. In the preceding decades, the state had strongly endorsed liberal and development-oriented Muslim discourses widely perceived as “Westernised” and associated with secularism and Western education. Indonesia’s unique Muslim traditions have in fact been shaped by many centuries of global flows of people and ideas, connecting the region not just with the Arab heartlands of Islam and Europe but South Asia and China. What is relatively new, however, is the presence of transnational Islamist and fundamentalist movements, which weakened the established nation-wide Muslim organisations (Muhammadiyah, NU) that had been providing religious guidance for most of the 20th century...
In spite of their overwhelmingly Muslim populations, Indonesia and Turkey are formally secular st... more In spite of their overwhelmingly Muslim populations, Indonesia and Turkey are formally secular states though of different kind. However, both allocate a surprisingly high proportion of the state budget to the administration of Islam, considerably higher than most countries where Islam is the state religion. In Turkey during the years 1950-2000 and in Indonesia during the New Order period (1966-1998), the state invested heavily in the education of “enlightened” religious personnel and the dissemination of religious views that were compatible with the drive for modernisation and development. Turkey’s Directorate for Religious Affairs (Diyanet) controls a huge bureaucracy through which the state interacts with the pious conservative part of the population. Schools for the training of prayer leaders addressed the needs of the same segment of the population and were intended to facilitate the integration of these conservatives into the project of secular modernisation. However, these ins...
Islamic Mysticism Contested, 1999
... His writings were at once countered with apologetic tracts by the Minangkabau Naqshbandi shay... more ... His writings were at once countered with apologetic tracts by the Minangkabau Naqshbandi shaykhs Muhammad Sa`d bin Tanta' of Mungka and Ahmad Khatib's own student Khatib Ali (Muhammad `Ali b. `Abd al-Muttalib). These ...
Kurdish Studies, 2020
Review of Zeki Sarigil, Ethnic Boundaries in Turkish Politics
The Forgotten Years of Kurdish Nationalism in Iran, 2020
International Journal of Middle East Studies, 2003
Among Indonesia's movements of Islam... more Among Indonesia's movements of Islamic reform, Persatuan Islam (Islamic Union, or Persis) has been the most puritan in doctrine and practice and the most polemical opponent of traditionalist Islam and local religious practices. Although much smaller than better-known movements such as Muhammadiyah and Sarekat Islam, Persis has had an influence far out of proportion to its modest size because of the intensity of its message and the forceful personalities of its leaders. Its leading intellectual, Mohamad Natsir, became one of the ...
Page 1. Islamic state or state Islam? Fifty years of state-Islam relations in Indonesia, in: In... more Page 1. Islamic state or state Islam? Fifty years of state-Islam relations in Indonesia, in: Ingrid Wessel (Hrsg.), Indonesien am Ende des 20. Jahrhunderts. Hamburg: Abera-Verlag, 1996, pp. 19-34. Page 2. ISLAMIC STATE OR STATE ISLAM ISLAMIC STATE OR STATE ISLAM? ...
Osmanlı’yla müttefiklikten düşmanlığa uzanan ilişkileri sonucu Kürt aşiretleri, 16. yüzyıldan ... more Osmanlı’yla müttefiklikten düşmanlığa uzanan ilişkileri sonucu Kürt aşiretleri, 16. yüzyıldan itibaren sürekli olarak bir ıslah çabasının nesnesi, “şakîliğin membası” olarak
kayıtlara geçti, buna uygun bir muameleyle karşı karşıya kaldı. 18. yüzyılın ilk yarısına kadar geniş bir coğrafya üzerinde otonom ve yarı otonom bir şekilde hükümranlık sürüp imparatorluğun takdir, taltif ve terfilerine mazhar olan da yine bu Kürt aşiretleri oldu. Zaman içinde yoğunlaşan merkezileşme politikalarıyla beraber Kürt aşiretlerinin devletle ilişkisi, çeşitli biçimlerde değişse de ana eksen sabitti: II. Abdülhamit’ten İttihat ve Terakki’ye ve nihayet Cumhuriyet’e devreden ilişki karşılıklı çıkarlara dayalı, itaatle isyan arasında salınan bir politik düzlemde belirlendi. Her aşiretinse elbette kendi hususiyeti, tarihi, politik kabiliyeti ayrı ayrı şahsiyeti vardı.
Bir bütün olarak aşiret ilişkileri ve olgusunun işleyişine dair genel bir çerçeve sunan Tuncay Şur ve Yalçın Çakmak’ın derlediği Kürt Aşiretleri, birçok aşireti gerek kendi tarihleri, gerek tarihsel konumlanmaları çerçevesinde panoramik biçimde ele alıyor.
Aşiretler konusunda zengin bir bakış açısı sunan, kapsamlı bir derleme...
Suavi Aydın, Ali Haydar Bektaş, Burak Bektaş, Hasan Biçim, Hamit Bozarslan, Serhat Bozkurt, Safiye Ateş Burç, Yalçın Çakmak, Ercan Çağlayan, Gökhan Çetinsaya, Erdal Çiftçi, Berhan Aren Çoban, Fasih Dinç, Mehmet Rêzan Ekinci, Kamil Fırat, Mehmet Fiğan, Suphi İzol, Hakan Kaya, Yener Koç, İsmet Konak, Orhan Örs, Tuncay Şur, Gültekin Uçar, Sedat Ulugana, Martin van Bruinessen, Hiroki Wakamatsu ve Lale Yalçın-Heckmann’ın katkılarıyla...
... In sum, van Bruinessen predicts that, thanks to luminaries like Hamza Yusuf Hanson, Nuh Ha Mi... more ... In sum, van Bruinessen predicts that, thanks to luminaries like Hamza Yusuf Hanson, Nuh Ha Mim Keller and ʿAbd al-Hakim Murad (Tim Winter), Sufism will become more significant in Europe than Muslim militancy. ... Editor. Dr Farhan Ahmad Nizami. View full editorial board. ...
Kürdistan’ın Sosyal ve Politik, 1992
"Sufism has not only survived into the twenty-first century but has experienced a significant res... more "Sufism has not only survived into the twenty-first century but has experienced a significant resurgence throughout the Muslim world. "Sufism and the 'Modern' in Islam" offers refreshing new perspectives on this phenomenon, demonstrating surprising connections between Sufism and Muslim reformist currents, and the vital presence of Sufi ideas and practices in all spheres of life. Contrary to earlier theories of the modernization of Muslim societies, Sufi influence on the political, economic and intellectual life of contemporary Muslim societies has been considerable. Although less noticed than the resurgence of radical Islam, Sufi orders and related movements involve considerably larger numbers of followers, even among the modern urban middle classes. This innovative study brings together new comparative and interdisciplinary research to show how Sufis have responded to modernization and globalization and how various currents of Islamic reform and Sufism have interacted.
Offering fascinating new insights into the pervasive Sufi influence on modern Islamic religiosity and contemporary political and economic life, this book raises important questions about Islam in the age of urbanism and mass communications."
İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları, Jan 1, 2000
keynote lecture, conference “New Silk Road, New Historical Path: 2016 International Conference of World History”, Chung Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, 4-5 November 2016. , 2016
conference ‘Lêgerîna Kurdan ya Rêveberiyê / Kürtlerin Yönetim Arayışları’, organized by the İsmail Beşikçi Foundation at Boǧaziçi University, Istanbul, 2016
The paper discusses Kemalist state ritual centered around the funeral monument of Ataturk and the... more The paper discusses Kemalist state ritual centered around the funeral monument of Ataturk and the monument for secularism's martyr Kubilay, along with post-revolutionary state ritual and the less formalised pilgrimage to Khomeini's shrine in Iran. Against this background, the funerary rituals for three recent Dutch "martyrs" are discussed as symptoms of an emerging civil religion that defines itself by its opposition to Islam.
Keynote lecture delivered at the conference “Rethinking the Nation State of Indonesia”, Nagoya, Japan, 17-18 March 2019.
Keynote lecture, conference "Di sedsala 19emîn de şairekî Kurd: Haci Qadirê Koyî", Istanbul Bilgi University, February 6, 2016, 2016
Kurdish Studies Journal 1 (1-2), 352-354, 2023
Kurdish Studies Journal 1 (1-2), 349-351, 2023
Kurdish Studies Journal 1 (1-2), 332-335, 2023
![Research paper thumbnail of [Review of] Werner Kraus, Islamische mystische Bruderschaften im heutigen Indonesian (](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/105225166/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 148, 142-3, 1992
![Research paper thumbnail of [Review of] Ozay Mehmet, Islamic identity and development (Kuala Lumpur, 1990)](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/105225028/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 148, 332-3. , 1990
![Research paper thumbnail of [Review of] Jan Schmidt, Through the legation window 1876-1926; Four Essays on Dutch, Dutch-Indian and Ottoman History (Istanbul, 1992).](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/105224848/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 150, 217-219., 1994
Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 178, 338-341, 2022
Kurdish Studies 10(1), 2022
Kurdish Studies 9(1), 2021
Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 177 no. 1, 2021
Kurdish Studies 8(1), 2020
Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde , 2018
Journal of Islamic Studies, 2017
Journal of Islamic Studies, 2016
Minoo Alinia, Honor and Violence against Women in Iraqi Kurdistan. Palgrave Macmillan, 2013, 190 ... more Minoo Alinia, Honor and Violence against Women in Iraqi Kurdistan. Palgrave Macmillan, 2013, 190 pp., (ISBN: 978-1-137-36700-6).
Fevzi Bilgin and Ali Sarıhan (eds.), Understanding Turkey’s Kurdish Question, Lanham, Maryland: Lexington Books, 2013, 250 pp., (ISBN: 978-0-7391-8402-8).
Michael M. Gunter, Out of Nowhere: The Kurds of Syria in Peace and War, Hurst Publishers, London, 2014, 169 pp., (ISBN: 978-1-84904-435-6).
Mohammed Shareef, The United States, Iraq and the Kurds: Shock, Awe and Aftermath, New York and Oxon: Routledge, 2014, 234 pp., (ISBN-13: 978-0415719902).
Latif Tas, Legal Pluralism in Action: Dispute Resolution and the Kurdish Peace Committee, Farnham: Ashgate, 2014, 208 pp., (ISBN-13: 978-1472422088).
Galia Goran and Walid Salem (eds.), Non-State Actors in the Middle East: Factors for Peace and Democracy, Oxon: Routledge, 2013, 230 pp., (ISBN-13: 978-0415517058).
Mehmed S. Kaya, The Zaza Kurds of Turkey: A Middle Eastern Minority in a Globalised Society. London: I.B. Tauris, 2011, xii, 223 pp., (ISBN 978-1-84511-875-4).
Shanna Kirschner, Trust and Fear in Civil Wars: Ending Intrastate Conflicts, Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2015, 189 pp., (ISBN: 978-0-7391-9641-0).
Martin van Bruinessen, Kurdish Studies 6(1), pp. 155-157, 2018
The study of Yezidi religion has made major advances in the past two decades, even as the Yezidi ... more The study of Yezidi religion has made major advances in the past two decades, even as the Yezidi communities and their religious traditions have been facing existential threats, not only in the form of genocidal campaigns by the Islamic State and earlier by the Saddam Hussein regime, but also from the less spectacular consequences of modernisation, mass education, migration and assimilation. It is tragic that the recent accumulation of scholarly knowledge of Yezidism reflects and, in a sense, was made possible by the gradual disappearance or transformation of living Yezidi belief and practice.
Muhamad Ali and David Krisna Alka (eds), Karsa untuk Bangsa: 66 Tahun Azyumardi Azra, CBE, Jakarta: Kompas, pp. 11-15, 2021
Archipel, no. 102, pp. 3-8, 2021
Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 176(4), 459-468, 2020
مارتین ڤان بروینسێن (لەدایکبووی 10ی تەموزی 1946) مرۆڤناس و نووسەری هۆڵەندی و پرۆفیسۆری خوێندنەوەی... more مارتین ڤان بروینسێن (لەدایکبووی 10ی تەموزی 1946) مرۆڤناس و نووسەری هۆڵەندی و پرۆفیسۆری خوێندنەوەی بەراوردکارانەی کۆمەڵگا موسڵمانەکانی سەردەم لە بەشی فەلسەفە و خوێندنەوە ئایینییەکانی زانکۆی ئوترەختی هۆڵەندایە کە رێژەیەکی زۆر لێکۆڵینەوە و بڵاوکراوەی لەسەر کۆمەڵگا و کەلەپوورە جیاوازەکان بەتایبەت کۆمەڵگای کوردی هەیە. چەندین کار و لێکۆڵینەوەی سەبارەت بە نەتەوەی کورد جێبەجێ کردووە کە پەرتووکی "ئاغا، شێخ و دەوڵەت؛ پێکهاتە کۆمەڵایەتی و سیاسییەکانی کوردستان" وەک یەکەم کاری ئاکادێمیکی ئەو لە ناوەڕاستی حەفتاکاندا (دەیەی 1970) گرنگترینیانە و لە کوردستاندا زیاتر بە هۆی ئەو پەرتووکەوە ناسراوە.
Moyen-Orient, géopolitique, géoéconomie, géostratégie et sociétés du monde arabo-musulman, numéro 26, Avril-Juin 2015, pp. 18-23., Apr 2015
European Journal of Turkish Studies, No. 5, 2006. "Power, ideology, knowledge - deconstructing Kurdish Studies"
uit: Dirk van Delft, De wijde wereld van de kleine talen: 25 portretten. Amsterdam: Uitgeverij Bulaaq, 1998
Jan van Baal (1909-1993) was een cultureel antropoloog wiens belangrijkste interesses uitgingen n... more Jan van Baal (1909-1993) was een cultureel antropoloog wiens belangrijkste interesses uitgingen naar religie en ontwikkelingsproblematiek. Na een lange en opmerkelijke carrière als bestuursambtenaar in Nederlands-Indië en Nieuw-Guinea, werd hij directeur van de afdeling culturele en fysieke antropologie van het Koninklijk Instituut voor de Tropen (KIT) en hoogleraar antropologie in Amsterdam en Utrecht. Als adviseur en later directeur van WOTRO, de Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek in de Tropen (die later in NWO is opgegaan) en in diverse andere bestuursfuncties heeft hij een belangrijke rol gespeeld in de stimulering van sociaalwetenschappelijk onderzoek.
Wadie Jwaideh, The Kurdish National Movement, Its Origins and Development, Syracuse University Press, 2006., 2006
The Journal of Kurdish Studies, vol. V (2003-04 [2005]), 19-34., 2005
Barış Ünlü & Ozan Değer (der.), İsmail Beşikçi, Istanbul: İletişim, 2011, 47-56.
'Ez û Mehmed Emîn Bozarslan', Nûbihar, jimar 123, bihar 2013. , 2013
Published in Turkish translation as ‘Akademik Özgürlük ve İfade Özgürlüğü: İsmail Beşikçi Vakası’, in: Barış Ünlü & Ozan Değer, derleyenler, İsmail Beşikçi, Istanbul: İletişim, 2011, 47-56., 2011
Kovara Bîr, hejmar:1, Bihar 2005, sf. 15-20.
Talk at the International Institute of Social History, Amsterdam, published in the IISH's newsletter On the Waterfront, no. 8, 2004. , 2004
Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE, 2020
Encyclopaedia of Islam, Third Edition, Part 2019-5, 137-40. , 2019
Encyclopaedia of Islam, Third Edition, Part 2019-5, 119-20. , 2019
Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE, 2020
Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE, 2020
Encyclopaedia of Islam, Third Edition, 2019
Encyclopaedia of Islam, Third Edition, 2019
La transmission du savoir dans le monde musulman périphérique, Lettre d'information no. 17 (1997), 57-66, 1997
TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi, Ek Cilt 1, pp. 20-21., 2016
Encyclopaedia of Islam, 3rd ed., 2017
Encyclopaedia of Islam, 3rd. ed., 2017
The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Third Edition, Part 2013-1, pp. 4-9, 2013
“Ansor”, Encyclopaedia of Islam, Third Edition, Part 2, pp. 131-133., 2007
Encyclopaedia of Islam, Third Edition, Part 2014-3, pp. 148-150. , 2014
Encyclopedia of Islam, 2nd edition.
Marc Gaborieau, Nicole Grandin, Pierre Labrousse & Alexandre Popovic (eds), Dictionnaire biographique des savants et grandes figures du monde musulman périphérique, du XIXe siècle à nos jours, Paris: CNRS-EHESS, 1992 (Fasc. 1), 1998 (Fasc. 2).
Editorial Martin van Bruinessen The travellers, diplomats, missionaries and academics who have ... more Editorial Martin van Bruinessen The travellers, diplomats, missionaries and academics who have written on the Kurds have always shown a remarkable fascination with the Yezidis. The great Ottoman traveller Evliya Çelebi, who in the mid-seventeenth century wrote so extensively on diverse aspects of Kurdish culture, social life and political organisation that he may well be called the first Kurdologist, was also one of the first to write some tantalising observations on customs and practices of the Yezidis he encountered. He also reports in some detail on two punitive campaigns mounted by Ottoman governors against the Yezidis of Sinjar, in one of which he played a minor role himself. Christian missionaries based in Kurdistan were drawn to the Yezidis as the major non-Muslim and non-Christian community and fascinated by what they understood of its elusive theology. Two of the founders of West European academic Kurdology, C. J. Edmonds and Roger Lescot, devoted some of their major work to the Yezidis, and most Kurdish experts have felt the need to pay due attention to the Yezidi religion. Several of the ideologists of Kurdish nationalism, finally, have elevated the Yezidis to the status of most authentic Kurds. For more has been written about the Yezidis and their religion than about the religious practices and institutions of the Muslim Kurds, reflecting a bias among both foreign academics and secular Kurdish nationalists. In discussions on Kurdish identity, reference to the Yezidis appears almost unavoidable. Although they are but a small minority among the Kurds, they are a defining element, even if only by their being different from the majority. They are not representative but somehow widely felt to be exemplary, much like the Yezidis' history of persecution is felt by many Kurds to be exemplary of the history of their entire people. Yezidis often speak of their history as a series of murderous campaigns, ferman (literally, imperial edict), aiming to subjugate them and destroy their religion. The mother of all ferman, lively remembered in oral narratives throughout Kurdistan, was the Armenian ferman of 1915, the order to deport and kill the Armenians. The Yezidis remember not less than seventy-two or seventy-three ferman against their community. By extension, some campaigns to wipe out Kurdish nationalist resistance have come to be called by the same name. In his haunting elegy on the Halabja massacre, the singer Şivan Perwer strings together the names of Martin van Bruinessen is Emeritus Professor of Islamic Studies
Kurd û Martîn, 2017
A collection of Hassan Ghazi's translations of articles on the Kurds by Martin van Bruinessen, in... more A collection of Hassan Ghazi's translations of articles on the Kurds by Martin van Bruinessen, including also a 2002 interview of van Bruinessen by Hassan Ghazi.
Nawendî Roshinbîrî Duktor `Îzedîn, Silêmanî, 2023
این اثر ترجمه ای است از: van Bruinessen, M. (1998). A Kizilbash Community in Iraqi Kurdistan: The... more این اثر ترجمه ای است از:
van Bruinessen, M. (1998). A Kizilbash Community in Iraqi Kurdistan: The Shabak. Les Annales de la' Autre Islam, 5, 185-196.
Foreword to: Ismail Çaglar, From symbolic exile to physical exile: Turkey's Imam Hatip schools, the emergence of a conservative counter-elite, and its knowledge migration to Europe, Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2013., 2013
in Martin van Bruinessen and Stefano Allievi (ed.), Producing Islamic knowledge: transmission and dissemination in Western Europe, Oxon: Routledge, pp. 1-27, 2010
M van Bruinessen and S. Allievi (eds), Producing Islamic knowledge: transmission and dissemination in Western Europe, 2011