stanley Dary | University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana (original) (raw)

Papers by stanley Dary

SN Business & Economics

Research on Humanities and Social Sciences, 2012

Since the introduction of the National Health Insurance Scheme in Ghana in 2003, there has been l... more Since the introduction of the National Health Insurance Scheme in Ghana in 2003, there has been little evidence with regards the type of providers from whom these insured persons seek healthcare. This study examines the choice of healthcare providers under the National Health Insurance Scheme in Ghana, using nine hundred and eighty eight (988) insured persons. Stratified random sampling technique was employed in selecting respondents, while the multinomial logistic regression was employed. facility were found to discourage the use of orthodox healthcare among insured persons. The study recommend that social and economic infrastructure such as roads, telecommunication, and health improved in some cases to make orthodox healthcare providers more accessible and affordable, at the same time, it reduce the demand for unorthodox healthcare among the insured persons.

Routledge eBooks, Jul 6, 2022

Journal of Economic and Financial Sciences

Players in the agricultural value chain such as input suppliers, farmers (producers), traders (mi... more Players in the agricultural value chain such as input suppliers, farmers (producers), traders (middlemen), processors or manufacturers and exporters do receive credit and extend credit, in the form of trade credit, as part of their transactions. Research purpose: The purpose of the study is to examine agricultural trade credit, particularly the factors that influence the receipt and extension of agricultural trade credit in smallholder farmer settings. Motivation for the study: The study is motivated by the limited understanding of trade credit activity in smallholder farmer settings in developing countries. Research approach/design and method: It is a cross-sectional quantitative study. It utilised the Ghana Living Standards Survey Round 7 dataset (GLSS 7). The data contains 18 653 observations, and a multinomial logit model (MNL) was employed in the data analysis. Main findings: The results show that trade credit receivable (where farmers extend credit to buyers) is more important relative to advance payment (where farmers receive credit from buyers). The receipt of advance payment is influenced by a farmer holding a preharvest contract, practising monocropping and coming from a smaller household. Age, marital status, literacy, crops sales value, national origin, marketing channels, type of crops and urban location are found to be significant explanatory factors of trade credit supply. Practical/managerial implications: Trade credit, particularly input credit and advance payment, can help primary agricultural producers to mitigate their production credit constraints. However, a well-functioning agribusiness environment that will lower the risks associated with trade credit activity is very crucial. Contribution/value-add: The study extends the frontiers of knowledge in agricultural financing by generating empirical evidence on trade credit activity in smallholder farmer settings in a developing country context.

Trade credit is a form of short-term financing employed by non-financial firms in inter-firm trad... more Trade credit is a form of short-term financing employed by non-financial firms in inter-firm trade. This study examines the incidence and the motives for extending trade credit among agro-food manufacturing firms in Africa. The study uses a subsample of agro-food firms from 2014 World Bank Enterprise Survey data from eight African countries: Burundi, Malawi, Mauritania, Namibia, Nigeria, Senegal, Sudan and South Sudan. The incidence of trade credit is relatively high among agro-food firms as 60.5% and 55% of firms extend and receive trade credit respectively. However, the mean proportion of yearly total input purchases received as trade credit (22%) is higher than the mean proportion of yearly total sales extended as trade credit (19%). From the two-limit Tobit estimation, firm size, manager experience, degree of product diversification, access to bank credit, overdraft availability and supplier credit are found to play a significant role in the level of trade credit firms extend to...

Energy Research & Social Science, 2022

The paper examines local actors' expectations against actual outcomes following Ghana&amp... more The paper examines local actors' expectations against actual outcomes following Ghana's oil discovery in 2007 and oil production from 2010, respectively. The paper employed a mixed-method approach and collected data at different times from local actors in six districts located along the coast of the Western Region of Ghana. A Wilcoxon Matched-Pairs Signed Ranks Test was used to compare differences in median responses on local actors' expectations and actual outcomes along 17 development dimensions, both positive and negative. The qualitative data was analysed thematically, and the results were presented in narratives to reflect the voices of the respondents. The results show that the high expectations of benefits to communities and local actors upon the discovery of the oil have declined significantly since the production of the oil. The differences between expectations of benefits and actual outcomes have sparked contentions between local actors and oil companies with local actors employing different strategies to achieve their interests. Contentious strategies are becoming rampant and creating tension in the area. The study further found that local actors' expectations of negative developments such as tenant evictions, restriction of fishing and children stopping schooling measure up with actual outcomes. The paper recommends that urgent legislation and policies that will create space for effective benefits negotiations between local actors and oil companies should be instituted.

Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, 2020

International Journal of the Commons, 2021

Common property institutions in natural resource management are often analysed by means of Ostrom... more Common property institutions in natural resource management are often analysed by means of Ostrom's framework of design principles. Recently, the design principles have been generalised to study human groups in other collective action scenarios, including farm producers who collectively buy inputs or sell outputs. Several case studies have conceptualised farmer cooperatives as common property institutions to study how various collective action scenarios have been approached. We contribute to the scarce literature with a field study in the Upper West Region of Ghana, using Ostrom's framework to compare the design principles of active and inactive farmer cooperatives. Using the mean group comparison method, we find numerous significant differences as active farmer cooperatives have clearer boundaries, require more capital investments, have more active board directors and managers, receive more governmental support, and have more locations. However, not all design principles are significantly different for active and inactive cooperatives (e.g. sanctions, legal rights). Considering our results, we perceive opportunities to formalise the conceptualisation of farmer cooperatives as common property institutions with both internal and external design principles. Our results also have policy implications in terms of top-down initiatives to spur collective action by Ghanaian farm producers.

African Journal of Economic and Management Studies, 2020

PurposeThe paper examines the effect of internal remittances on the employment choices of househo... more PurposeThe paper examines the effect of internal remittances on the employment choices of household heads in rural Ghana.Design/methodology/approachThe paper employs data from the Ghana Living Standards Survey (GLSS 6) of the Ghana Statistical Service. Due to issues of endogeneity of remittances in relation to labor supply, the paper adopts an instrumental variable approach in the analysis. First, employment choices are categorized into three: (1) wage/salary employment, (2) self-employment and (3) domestic/family employment. The relationship is then modeled as instrumental variable multinomial probit (IV-MNP). Secondly, employment choices are recategorized into two: farm employment and otherwise and modeled as instrumental variable probit (IV-PROBIT). The models are estimated via the conditional mixed process (CMP) estimation technique.FindingsThe results indicate that remittances have a negative effect on self-employment and a positive effect on domestic/family employment. Thus, r...

Ghana Journal of Development Studies, 2020

The paper studies theories relating to trade credit contracts as well as their applications and l... more The paper studies theories relating to trade credit contracts as well as their applications and limitations, via review and synthesis of the trade credit literature. Using keywords and search phrases, the literature was identified from key economics, business and financedomains. Trade credit contracts are not complex, this can be explained by factors such as shortness of credit period, frequent transactions, proximity and interaction between trading parties, and effective informal enforcement mechanisms. In contrast to the longstanding conception that trade credit is more expensive than bank credit, trade credit is often cheaper than bank credit, hence its high incidence and level of use across countries. The high use of trade credit should warrant some policy attention, particularly trade credit regulation. Theories explaining trade credit are highly interconnected; most of them have received considerable empirical support in both developed and developing countries. The interconnec...

Agricultural Finance Review, 2018

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants and motives for supply of trade ... more Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants and motives for supply of trade credit among agro-food manufacturing firms in African countries. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses a subsample of food manufacturing firms from World Bank Enterprise Survey in eight African countries in 2014. Two-limit Tobit models are specified for the determinants of trade credit supply (TCS) and the motives for TCS are inferred from the determinants. An instrumental variable two-limit Tobit model is estimated to check the endogeneity of trade credit received (TCR) in relation to trade credit supplied. Findings The level of TCS is significantly related with degree of product diversification, manager experience, level of TCR and overdraft availability. From the results, financing motives (particularly liquidity and redistribution) and commercial motives (particularly marketing and quality guarantee motives) for TCS are implied. Research limitations/implications The parameter es...

Ghana Journal of Development Studies, 2018

The paper examines the effect of locating in industrial cluster and holding production/ supply co... more The paper examines the effect of locating in industrial cluster and holding production/ supply contract on access to trade credit by informal firms in Ghana. It employs data from the 2013 World Bank survey of informal firms in Ghana. The results show that trade credit is the most important external source of financing working capital for firms in the informal sector. Binary probit was employed in the econometric analysis. Controlling for firm characteristics, financial characteristics, firms' largest owners' characteristics, industrial sector and geographical location, the results show that both locating in industrial cluster and holding production/supply contract significantly increase access to trade credit by informal firms. Other variables significantly associated with access to trade credit include firm age, number of owners, ownership of location, access to loans from banks and friends, and firms' largest owners' characteristics-formal employment status, marital status and educational status. Based on the results, policies focused on promoting the development of industrial clusters can help informal firms to mitigate their credit constraint through increased access to trade credit. Informal firms can also mitigate their credit constraint via trade credit by obtaining production/supply contracts.

Journal of Human Ecology, 2010

The persistence of farmer-herdsmen conflicts portend grave socioeconomic consequences. Although t... more The persistence of farmer-herdsmen conflicts portend grave socioeconomic consequences. Although there is no clear consensus on which group experiences greater hardships, the plight of arable crop farmers, who constitute the bulk of Nigeria's agricultural production population, continues to attract research attention. The study investigates the variables associated with farmer-herdsmen conflicts from the perspectives of farmers in Kwara State, Nigeria. Using a four-stage random sampling technique to select 300 farmers in communities contiguous with herdsmen' stock routes, data were collected with the aid of structured questionnaire and subjected to factor analysis and descriptive statistical procedures. Data analysis revealed that respondents generally experienced 'losses' in nine out of ten identified material and non-material resources, and 'gains' in three. Factor analysis showed that socioeconomic, production, institutional, and situational factors among farmers, with Eigen values of 2.6412, 1.6103, 1.2456, and 1.0348 respectively, accounted for their conflict with herdsmen. Awareness of and compliance with designated stock routes (situational variables), having coefficients-0.741 and-0.662 respectively were particularly crucial farmer variables of conflict. The paper recommends regular review of stock routes and educational campaigns to increase their awareness and compliance rates among conflict actors. Farmer-herdsmen conflict resolution initiatives should also incorporate a careful consideration of all conflict factors from the perspectives of the actors.

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2019

Development (DEED) Working Paper Series features recent studies by Senior Members of DEED as well... more Development (DEED) Working Paper Series features recent studies by Senior Members of DEED as well as visiting researchers, altogether demonstrating the depth and breadth of research being undertaken at DEED. The papers are published to facilitate preliminary dissemination of ongoing research, enhance quality of work and contribute to the advancement of knowledge in economics and entrepreneurship. PERMISSION Any reproduction, publication and reprint in the form of a different publication, whether printed or produced electronically, in whole or in part, is permitted only with the explicit written authorisation of the author(s) of this paper.

International Journal of African Higher Education, 2019

This article examines the factors influencing demand for student loans from Ghana’s Student Loan ... more This article examines the factors influencing demand for student loans from Ghana’s Student Loan Trust Fund (SLTF) and the loan debt burden at completion using a sample of 400 final-year students in two higher education institutions in the country’s Upper West Region. The results show that both the loan take-up rate and the loan debt burden among students are relatively low. Demand for student loans and the loan debt burden is modeled as probit and Tobit (left censored), respectively. The results reveal that student age, household size, parents’ occupation, salary, number of income sources, and the length of the study programme play a significant role in explaining the demand for student loans and the loan debt burden at completion among tertiary students. These socio-economic factors should thus inform the design and administration of student loans.Cet article étudie les facteurs qui influencent les demandes de prêts étudiants auprès du Student Loan Trust Fund (SLTF, Fonds pour le ...

Research in International Business and Finance, 2019