Jürgen Pelikan | University of Vienna (original) (raw)

Papers by Jürgen Pelikan

Beratung in der Veränderung, 2003

Benchmarking als Qualitatsentwicklungsmethodik ist nicht mehr ganz neu und wurde in einer Vielzah... more Benchmarking als Qualitatsentwicklungsmethodik ist nicht mehr ganz neu und wurde in einer Vielzahl von Varianten entwickelt, die in der Wirtschaft und zunehmend im NonProfit-Bereich Anwendung finden. Der Aufwand und die Risiken bei der Durchfuhrung von Benchmarking sind betrachtlich, sodass sich dieser Beitrag auf methodische Fragen der praktischen Durchfuhrung konzentriert. Der konkrete Erfahrungshintergrund der folgenden Uberlegung ist ein osterreichweites Benchmarking-Projekt von elf Krankenhausern, in dem uber drei Jahre vier zentrale Prozesse der Krankenbetreuung verglichen und verbessert wurden. Die inhaltlichen Ergebnisse des „Kooperationsprojektes der Strukturkommission – Qualitat im Krankenhaus“ wurden vielfach publiziert und stehen uber Internet (http://www.univie.ac.at/qik/) zur Verfugung.*

Hormone and Metabolic Research, 2014

Global Handbook on Noncommunicable Diseases and Health Promotion, 2013

This chapter focuses on health promotion strategies to tackle non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in... more This chapter focuses on health promotion strategies to tackle non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in and by hospitals. According to WHO data (Global status report on non-communicable diseases. Geneva. World Health Organization, 2010), the four leading NCDs—heart disease, diabetes, respiratory diseases, and cancers—account for 36 million deaths worldwide per annum. WHO argues that up to 80 % of heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes and over a third of cancers could be prevented by eliminating shared risk factors, mainly tobacco use, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and the harmful use of alcohol. While there is a broad and ongoing discussion on strengthening the role of primary healthcare in tackling NCDs, especially in low-income countries, we will, in line with our specific expertise, argue that, in upper-middle- and high-income countries, hospitals too can and have to contribute to the secondary as well as to the primary prevention of NCDs. We will outline how health promotion can be used by hospitals to expand common approaches towards prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of NCDs, by focusing not only on risk factors but also on resources, and developing healthy settings and communities. Examples to illustrate our arguments will be provided.

Griese L, Schaeffer D, Link T, Pelikan J, HLS19 C. Navigation Health Literacy. Preliminary Result... more Griese L, Schaeffer D, Link T, Pelikan J, HLS19 C. Navigation Health Literacy. Preliminary Results of the Health Literacy Population Survey 2019-2021. Presented at the 11th IUHPE European Conference on Health Promotion

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Global Health Promotion, 2018

Background/Research Question: In the health literacy (HL) discourse there is debate about the way... more Background/Research Question: In the health literacy (HL) discourse there is debate about the ways by which HL is impacting health. Three different, logically non-exclusive hypotheses are proposed: (a) HL as a specific, direct, social determinant of health; (b) HL as a mediator between other determinants and health; and (c) HL as a moderator of the effect of other determinants on health. Only few examples of empirically testing the mediator or moderator hypothesis exist. The data of the European Health Literacy Survey allow testing of the three hypotheses comparatively in parallel for functional and comprehensive HL. Methods: Data collection was based on multistage random samples of about 1000 European Union citizens aged 15 or older with Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing or Paper Assisted Personal Interviewing methodology in 2011 in eight Member States of the EU. Demographic and socio-economic indicators, a comprehensive (European Health Literacy Survey Q47) and a functional ...

Global Health Promotion, 2018

Background/Research Question: In the health literacy (HL) discourse there is debate about the way... more Background/Research Question: In the health literacy (HL) discourse there is debate about the ways by which HL is impacting health. Three different, logically non-exclusive hypotheses are proposed: (a) HL as a specific, direct, social determinant of health; (b) HL as a mediator between other determinants and health; and (c) HL as a moderator of the effect of other determinants on health. Only few examples of empirically testing the mediator or moderator hypothesis exist. The data of the European Health Literacy Survey allow testing of the three hypotheses comparatively in parallel for functional and comprehensive HL. Methods: Data collection was based on multistage random samples of about 1000 European Union citizens aged 15 or older with Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing or Paper Assisted Personal Interviewing methodology in 2011 in eight Member States of the EU. Demographic and socio-economic indicators, a comprehensive (European Health Literacy Survey Q47) and a functional ...

Public Health Forum, 2017

Zusammenfassung Gesundheitskompetenz (GK) wird zunehmend als umfassendes und relationales Konzept... more Zusammenfassung Gesundheitskompetenz (GK) wird zunehmend als umfassendes und relationales Konzept verstanden, d.h. sowohl persönliche wie organisationale GK kann gemessen und verbessert werden. Aufbauend auf 10 Merkmalen der Gesundheitskompetenten Krankenbehandlungsorganisation des Institute of Medicine (IOM) hat ein Wiener Team ein umfassendes Modell mit Standards und Indikatoren zur Selbstbewertung der organisationalen Gesundheitskompetenz von Krankenbehandlungseinrichtungen entwickelt und in einer Machbarkeitsstudie validiert.

Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz, 2015

In late modern "multi-option" a... more In late modern "multi-option" and "health" societies, health literacy (HL), understood as a specific competence, is considered necessary to successfully deal with the multitude of health relevant decisions and tasks to be taken every day. The concept has been used in the US, primarily in healthcare, to research the consequences of HL on the outcome of treatment specifically in patients with limited HL. In this context, it became evident that HL has to be understood as a relational or contextual concept. That is, the adequacy of HL does not only depend on personal HL, but equally on the demands organizations put on their users. This understanding of HL opened the road to measure not only individual HL, but also the HL sensitivity of organizations, i.e. organizational HL, and to use targeted measures to improve it. The ten attributes of a health-literate healthcare organization, as defined by the US Institute of Medicine, are a first systematic attempt to use this strategy in healthcare. In the meantime, the strategy has been used in other settings as well. Using experiences from health-promoting hospitals and the quality movement in healthcare, the authors develop this approach further into the comprehensive Vienna concept of the health-literate hospital, which considers all stakeholders and tasks of the hospital which are relevant for HL. A self-assessment tool was developed and tested as a basic instrument for developing a health-literate hospital. By doing so, hospitals are empowered to make a contribution to the promotion of HL as an important societal task.

Salutogenic organizations and change, 2013

ABSTRACT Our contribution to this book focuses on applying concepts of “salutogenic” or “health p... more ABSTRACT Our contribution to this book focuses on applying concepts of “salutogenic” or “health promoting” to a specific type of organization, namely the hospital, by drawing on experiences from the International Network of Health Promoting Hospitals and Health Services (HPH). We differentiate between “healthy”, “health promoting” and “salutogenic” perspectives towards organizational health interventions. Against this background we address three questions: First, what is a health promoting or salutogenic organization or hospital? Second, how can hospitals as a specific type of organization be developed in this direction? Third, how can interventions aiming at achieving this kind of change be researched? To answer these questions, we use concepts from three theoretical paradigms: the theory of autopoietic social systems, especially organizations, in the tradition of Niklas Luhmann; organizational quality models; and organizational theories of relevance to understanding hospitals, especially Mintzberg’s theory of professional bureaucracies. From our systems theory orientation follows that organizational health interventions and their effects cannot be understood in a simple input-output manner but have to follow a more complex process taking autopoiesis of involved systems into account. Following quality concepts, health promoting or salutogenic organizations can be conceived of as organizations that (have to) meet specific health promoting or salutogenic quality criteria for their structures, processes and outcomes. From the cited organizational theories follows that (local) organizational management, in hospitals, has only limited impact on or control over the performance of core processes by professionals. Therefore, attempts to change professional performance need to go beyond classical change interventions into organizations.

... H) LBIHPR Untere Donaustraße 47 A-1020 Wien, Österreich E-Mail ... Definitionen von „Gesundhe... more ... H) LBIHPR Untere Donaustraße 47 A-1020 Wien, Österreich E-Mail ... Definitionen von „Gesundheit“ und welche von „Gesellschaft“ werden zur Diagnose „Gesundheitsgesellschaft ... Üblicherweise wird gute Gesundheit als Qualitätsmerkmal schlechter Gesundheit vorgezogen. ...

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

The Russian language is the eighth most spoken language in the world. Russian speakers reside in ... more The Russian language is the eighth most spoken language in the world. Russian speakers reside in Russia, across the former Soviet Union republics, and comprise one of the largest populations of international migrants. However, little is known about their health literacy (HL) and there is limited research on HL instruments in the Russian language. The purpose of this study was to adapt the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLS19-Q) developed within the Health Literacy Survey 2019–2021 (HLS19) to the Russian language to study HL in Russian-speaking populations in Germany, Israel, Kazakhstan, Russia, and the USA. The HLS19-Q was translated either from English or from a national language to Russian in four countries first and then critically reviewed by three Russian-speaking experts for consensus. The HLS19 protocol and “team approach” method were used for linguistic and cultural adaptation. The most challenging was the adaptation of HLS19-Q questions to each country’s healthcare system w...

Handbuch Gesundheitssoziologie

European journal of public health, Jan 5, 2015

Health literacy concerns the capacities of people to meet the complex demands of health in modern... more Health literacy concerns the capacities of people to meet the complex demands of health in modern society. In spite of the growing attention for the concept among European health policymakers, researchers and practitioners, information about the status of health literacy in Europe remains scarce. This article presents selected findings from the first European comparative survey on health literacy in populations. The European health literacy survey (HLS-EU) was conducted in eight countries: Austria, Bulgaria, Germany, Greece, Ireland, the Netherlands, Poland and Spain (n = 1000 per country, n = 8000 total sample). Data collection was based on Eurobarometer standards and the implementation of the HLS-EU-Q (questionnaire) in computer-assisted or paper-assisted personal interviews. The HLS-EU-Q constructed four levels of health literacy: insufficient, problematic, sufficient and excellent. At least 1 in 10 (12%) respondents showed insufficient health literacy and almost 1 in 2 (47%) had...

Additional file 1: Table S1. Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of Danish residents ag... more Additional file 1: Table S1. Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of Danish residents aged 25 years or older in 2016 and 2017 by interview or web-based distribution. Data are presented as medians with 25th (Q1) and 75th (Q3) percentiles (age) or number of residents and percentage (all others).

Humanökologische Perspektiven in der Gesundheitsförderung, 1997

Eine neue Philosophie des Qualitatsmanagements und das Konzept des Gesundheitsfordernden Krankenh... more Eine neue Philosophie des Qualitatsmanagements und das Konzept des Gesundheitsfordernden Krankenhauses sind zwei mogliche Ansatze, auf den durch die “Krise” des Gesundheitswesens entstandenen, neuen Gestaltungsbedarf des Krankenhauses zu reagieren. Auf weiche Probleme das Konzept der Gesundheitsforderung Antworten zu geben vermag, welche Erfahrungen wir im Rahmen eines Modellprojektes an der Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung der Gemeinde Wien mit der Implementation von Gesundheitsforderung gemacht haben und welche Empfehlungen daraus abgeleitet werden konnen, dem mochten wir in diesem Beitrag nachgehen.

Beratung in der Veränderung, 2003

Benchmarking als Qualitatsentwicklungsmethodik ist nicht mehr ganz neu und wurde in einer Vielzah... more Benchmarking als Qualitatsentwicklungsmethodik ist nicht mehr ganz neu und wurde in einer Vielzahl von Varianten entwickelt, die in der Wirtschaft und zunehmend im NonProfit-Bereich Anwendung finden. Der Aufwand und die Risiken bei der Durchfuhrung von Benchmarking sind betrachtlich, sodass sich dieser Beitrag auf methodische Fragen der praktischen Durchfuhrung konzentriert. Der konkrete Erfahrungshintergrund der folgenden Uberlegung ist ein osterreichweites Benchmarking-Projekt von elf Krankenhausern, in dem uber drei Jahre vier zentrale Prozesse der Krankenbetreuung verglichen und verbessert wurden. Die inhaltlichen Ergebnisse des „Kooperationsprojektes der Strukturkommission – Qualitat im Krankenhaus“ wurden vielfach publiziert und stehen uber Internet (http://www.univie.ac.at/qik/) zur Verfugung.*

Hormone and Metabolic Research, 2014

Global Handbook on Noncommunicable Diseases and Health Promotion, 2013

This chapter focuses on health promotion strategies to tackle non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in... more This chapter focuses on health promotion strategies to tackle non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in and by hospitals. According to WHO data (Global status report on non-communicable diseases. Geneva. World Health Organization, 2010), the four leading NCDs—heart disease, diabetes, respiratory diseases, and cancers—account for 36 million deaths worldwide per annum. WHO argues that up to 80 % of heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes and over a third of cancers could be prevented by eliminating shared risk factors, mainly tobacco use, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and the harmful use of alcohol. While there is a broad and ongoing discussion on strengthening the role of primary healthcare in tackling NCDs, especially in low-income countries, we will, in line with our specific expertise, argue that, in upper-middle- and high-income countries, hospitals too can and have to contribute to the secondary as well as to the primary prevention of NCDs. We will outline how health promotion can be used by hospitals to expand common approaches towards prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of NCDs, by focusing not only on risk factors but also on resources, and developing healthy settings and communities. Examples to illustrate our arguments will be provided.

Griese L, Schaeffer D, Link T, Pelikan J, HLS19 C. Navigation Health Literacy. Preliminary Result... more Griese L, Schaeffer D, Link T, Pelikan J, HLS19 C. Navigation Health Literacy. Preliminary Results of the Health Literacy Population Survey 2019-2021. Presented at the 11th IUHPE European Conference on Health Promotion

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Global Health Promotion, 2018

Background/Research Question: In the health literacy (HL) discourse there is debate about the way... more Background/Research Question: In the health literacy (HL) discourse there is debate about the ways by which HL is impacting health. Three different, logically non-exclusive hypotheses are proposed: (a) HL as a specific, direct, social determinant of health; (b) HL as a mediator between other determinants and health; and (c) HL as a moderator of the effect of other determinants on health. Only few examples of empirically testing the mediator or moderator hypothesis exist. The data of the European Health Literacy Survey allow testing of the three hypotheses comparatively in parallel for functional and comprehensive HL. Methods: Data collection was based on multistage random samples of about 1000 European Union citizens aged 15 or older with Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing or Paper Assisted Personal Interviewing methodology in 2011 in eight Member States of the EU. Demographic and socio-economic indicators, a comprehensive (European Health Literacy Survey Q47) and a functional ...

Global Health Promotion, 2018

Background/Research Question: In the health literacy (HL) discourse there is debate about the way... more Background/Research Question: In the health literacy (HL) discourse there is debate about the ways by which HL is impacting health. Three different, logically non-exclusive hypotheses are proposed: (a) HL as a specific, direct, social determinant of health; (b) HL as a mediator between other determinants and health; and (c) HL as a moderator of the effect of other determinants on health. Only few examples of empirically testing the mediator or moderator hypothesis exist. The data of the European Health Literacy Survey allow testing of the three hypotheses comparatively in parallel for functional and comprehensive HL. Methods: Data collection was based on multistage random samples of about 1000 European Union citizens aged 15 or older with Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing or Paper Assisted Personal Interviewing methodology in 2011 in eight Member States of the EU. Demographic and socio-economic indicators, a comprehensive (European Health Literacy Survey Q47) and a functional ...

Public Health Forum, 2017

Zusammenfassung Gesundheitskompetenz (GK) wird zunehmend als umfassendes und relationales Konzept... more Zusammenfassung Gesundheitskompetenz (GK) wird zunehmend als umfassendes und relationales Konzept verstanden, d.h. sowohl persönliche wie organisationale GK kann gemessen und verbessert werden. Aufbauend auf 10 Merkmalen der Gesundheitskompetenten Krankenbehandlungsorganisation des Institute of Medicine (IOM) hat ein Wiener Team ein umfassendes Modell mit Standards und Indikatoren zur Selbstbewertung der organisationalen Gesundheitskompetenz von Krankenbehandlungseinrichtungen entwickelt und in einer Machbarkeitsstudie validiert.

Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz, 2015

In late modern "multi-option" a... more In late modern "multi-option" and "health" societies, health literacy (HL), understood as a specific competence, is considered necessary to successfully deal with the multitude of health relevant decisions and tasks to be taken every day. The concept has been used in the US, primarily in healthcare, to research the consequences of HL on the outcome of treatment specifically in patients with limited HL. In this context, it became evident that HL has to be understood as a relational or contextual concept. That is, the adequacy of HL does not only depend on personal HL, but equally on the demands organizations put on their users. This understanding of HL opened the road to measure not only individual HL, but also the HL sensitivity of organizations, i.e. organizational HL, and to use targeted measures to improve it. The ten attributes of a health-literate healthcare organization, as defined by the US Institute of Medicine, are a first systematic attempt to use this strategy in healthcare. In the meantime, the strategy has been used in other settings as well. Using experiences from health-promoting hospitals and the quality movement in healthcare, the authors develop this approach further into the comprehensive Vienna concept of the health-literate hospital, which considers all stakeholders and tasks of the hospital which are relevant for HL. A self-assessment tool was developed and tested as a basic instrument for developing a health-literate hospital. By doing so, hospitals are empowered to make a contribution to the promotion of HL as an important societal task.

Salutogenic organizations and change, 2013

ABSTRACT Our contribution to this book focuses on applying concepts of “salutogenic” or “health p... more ABSTRACT Our contribution to this book focuses on applying concepts of “salutogenic” or “health promoting” to a specific type of organization, namely the hospital, by drawing on experiences from the International Network of Health Promoting Hospitals and Health Services (HPH). We differentiate between “healthy”, “health promoting” and “salutogenic” perspectives towards organizational health interventions. Against this background we address three questions: First, what is a health promoting or salutogenic organization or hospital? Second, how can hospitals as a specific type of organization be developed in this direction? Third, how can interventions aiming at achieving this kind of change be researched? To answer these questions, we use concepts from three theoretical paradigms: the theory of autopoietic social systems, especially organizations, in the tradition of Niklas Luhmann; organizational quality models; and organizational theories of relevance to understanding hospitals, especially Mintzberg’s theory of professional bureaucracies. From our systems theory orientation follows that organizational health interventions and their effects cannot be understood in a simple input-output manner but have to follow a more complex process taking autopoiesis of involved systems into account. Following quality concepts, health promoting or salutogenic organizations can be conceived of as organizations that (have to) meet specific health promoting or salutogenic quality criteria for their structures, processes and outcomes. From the cited organizational theories follows that (local) organizational management, in hospitals, has only limited impact on or control over the performance of core processes by professionals. Therefore, attempts to change professional performance need to go beyond classical change interventions into organizations.

... H) LBIHPR Untere Donaustraße 47 A-1020 Wien, Österreich E-Mail ... Definitionen von „Gesundhe... more ... H) LBIHPR Untere Donaustraße 47 A-1020 Wien, Österreich E-Mail ... Definitionen von „Gesundheit“ und welche von „Gesellschaft“ werden zur Diagnose „Gesundheitsgesellschaft ... Üblicherweise wird gute Gesundheit als Qualitätsmerkmal schlechter Gesundheit vorgezogen. ...

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

The Russian language is the eighth most spoken language in the world. Russian speakers reside in ... more The Russian language is the eighth most spoken language in the world. Russian speakers reside in Russia, across the former Soviet Union republics, and comprise one of the largest populations of international migrants. However, little is known about their health literacy (HL) and there is limited research on HL instruments in the Russian language. The purpose of this study was to adapt the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLS19-Q) developed within the Health Literacy Survey 2019–2021 (HLS19) to the Russian language to study HL in Russian-speaking populations in Germany, Israel, Kazakhstan, Russia, and the USA. The HLS19-Q was translated either from English or from a national language to Russian in four countries first and then critically reviewed by three Russian-speaking experts for consensus. The HLS19 protocol and “team approach” method were used for linguistic and cultural adaptation. The most challenging was the adaptation of HLS19-Q questions to each country’s healthcare system w...

Handbuch Gesundheitssoziologie

European journal of public health, Jan 5, 2015

Health literacy concerns the capacities of people to meet the complex demands of health in modern... more Health literacy concerns the capacities of people to meet the complex demands of health in modern society. In spite of the growing attention for the concept among European health policymakers, researchers and practitioners, information about the status of health literacy in Europe remains scarce. This article presents selected findings from the first European comparative survey on health literacy in populations. The European health literacy survey (HLS-EU) was conducted in eight countries: Austria, Bulgaria, Germany, Greece, Ireland, the Netherlands, Poland and Spain (n = 1000 per country, n = 8000 total sample). Data collection was based on Eurobarometer standards and the implementation of the HLS-EU-Q (questionnaire) in computer-assisted or paper-assisted personal interviews. The HLS-EU-Q constructed four levels of health literacy: insufficient, problematic, sufficient and excellent. At least 1 in 10 (12%) respondents showed insufficient health literacy and almost 1 in 2 (47%) had...

Additional file 1: Table S1. Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of Danish residents ag... more Additional file 1: Table S1. Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of Danish residents aged 25 years or older in 2016 and 2017 by interview or web-based distribution. Data are presented as medians with 25th (Q1) and 75th (Q3) percentiles (age) or number of residents and percentage (all others).

Humanökologische Perspektiven in der Gesundheitsförderung, 1997

Eine neue Philosophie des Qualitatsmanagements und das Konzept des Gesundheitsfordernden Krankenh... more Eine neue Philosophie des Qualitatsmanagements und das Konzept des Gesundheitsfordernden Krankenhauses sind zwei mogliche Ansatze, auf den durch die “Krise” des Gesundheitswesens entstandenen, neuen Gestaltungsbedarf des Krankenhauses zu reagieren. Auf weiche Probleme das Konzept der Gesundheitsforderung Antworten zu geben vermag, welche Erfahrungen wir im Rahmen eines Modellprojektes an der Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung der Gemeinde Wien mit der Implementation von Gesundheitsforderung gemacht haben und welche Empfehlungen daraus abgeleitet werden konnen, dem mochten wir in diesem Beitrag nachgehen.