J. Arauzo | University of Zaragoza (original) (raw)

Papers by J. Arauzo

Resumen es: A partir de la necesidad de encontrar nuevas alternativas energeticas, se estudia en ... more Resumen es: A partir de la necesidad de encontrar nuevas alternativas energeticas, se estudia en este trabajo la posibilidad de reducir a gran escala la cantidad de ...

Advances in Thermochemical Biomass Conversion, 1993

Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2013

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 1994

... 16. It can be observed that the experimental temperature TAZ is still higher than the calcula... more ... 16. It can be observed that the experimental temperature TAZ is still higher than the calculated one and therefore the disagreement is not due to the Kec value. ... Eng. Chem. Res., 32 (1993) 1811. [ 10] R. Bilbao, ML Salvador, P. Garcia and J. Arauzo, J. Anal. Appl. ...

Energy & Fuels, 2002

Nowadays, black liquor recovery is important for the economics of the pulp and paper production i... more Nowadays, black liquor recovery is important for the economics of the pulp and paper production industry. As a result of the high capital cost of the recovery unit, the corrosive nature of the smelt, and the risk of smeltwater explosions, alternatives to the conventional recovery cycle are under research in order to achieve more efficient and environmentally cleaner processes. These alternatives fall into two categories: high-temperature and low-temperature, according to whether or not the melting point of the black liquor inorganics is reached. The advantage of lowtemperature processes is to avoid the formation of smelt. In this work, the feasibility of the thermal processing at low temperature of straw black liquor in two different bench scale reactors has been tested. In the fluidized bed, the loss of fluidization due to bed agglomeration was found to be the main problem in the reactor used. The second reactor used, a spouted bed, presents different characteristics from the fluidized bed, and has been tested in order to overcome the agglomeration observed. Experiments in different operating conditions were carried out in order to get a basic knowledge about the behavior of this residue during pyrolysis, gasification, and combustion processes. To work below the melting point of the black liquor inorganics, reaction temperature was kept under 600°C. Liquid black liquor and dry black liquor were used as feedstocks. Nitrogen, air, and nitrogen-oxygen mixtures were considered as reaction atmospheres.

Processes, 2021

The effect of catalyst loading in the Aqueous Phase Reforming (APR) of bio-oil aqueous fraction h... more The effect of catalyst loading in the Aqueous Phase Reforming (APR) of bio-oil aqueous fraction has been studied with a Ni-Co/Al-Mg coprecipitated catalyst. Because of the high content of water in the bio-oil aqueous fraction, APR could be a useful process to convert this fraction into valuable products. Experiments of APR with continuous feeding of aqueous solution of acetol, butanol and acetic acid as the only compound, together with a simulated and a real aqueous fraction of bio-oil, were carried out. Liquid products in the liquid effluent of the APR model compounds were quantified and the reaction pathways were revised. The increase of catalyst loading produced an increase of gas production and a gas with higher alkanes content. Acetol was the compound with the highest reactivity while the conversion of acetic acid was very low. The presence of acetic acid in the feed caused catalyst deactivation.

Despite the environmental friendly properties of biodiesel, its widespread use as an alternative ... more Despite the environmental friendly properties of biodiesel, its widespread use as an alternative fuel to fossil diesel has been limited by both economic and technical issues. Poor oxidation stability of biodiesel is one of these technical barriers, so the addition of antioxidants is usually required to meet the quality standards for biodiesel commercialization. Sterically hindered phenols are known to be free radical scavenging antioxidants. Such compounds are naturally present in the bio-oil produced in the pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. In this work, the antioxidant potential of lignocellulosic bio-oil has been evaluated after different extraction stages with organic solvents. By incorporating small dosages (< 4 wt. %) of the extracted fractions of bio-oil to biodiesel, the oxidation stability of this latter was clearly improved up to reach the limit defined by the European Standard.

Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2010

ABSTRACT The effect of changing the NaOH wt % (0.7-0.9%) in the transesterification, the amount o... more ABSTRACT The effect of changing the NaOH wt % (0.7-0.9%) in the transesterification, the amount of water (30-90 wt % of the biodiesel), and the temperature (40-60 degrees C) in the water cleaning step of biodiesel has been investigated, specifically the influence of these factors on some properties (acidity, viscosity and density) and contaminants (methanol, Na, glycerine, water, and glycerides) of the resulting biodiesel produced from two different oils (rapeseed and used frying oil) using a three factor-two level experimental design, and statistical analysis by ANOVA of the results. The biodiesels produced from both oils show very similar trends: methanol, sodium, and glycerine are almost completely removed from the biodiesel phase in one single step, whereas the glycerides content is not affected by the washing conditions. Viscosity and density are only very slightly affected by the washing step. The water content of the biodiesel is affected by both the water amount used and the temperature in an inverse way: the higher the temperature and the lower the water amount used in the cleaning step, the higher the water content in biodiesel. This washing step was also simulated in Aspen HYSYS V7.0 software. Using the NRTL thermodynamic package for properties calculation, the results obtained showed a reasonable agreement with experimental ones, although it should be improved for a better calculation of biodiesel final properties.

Fuel Processing Technology, 2016

Fuel Processing Technology, 2016

Progress in Thermochemical Biomass Conversion, 2001

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2015

ABSTRACT The catalytic steam reforming of four different aqueous fractions of bio-oil has been ca... more ABSTRACT The catalytic steam reforming of four different aqueous fractions of bio-oil has been carried out in a fixed bed reactor at 650 °C and atmospheric pressure using a Ni–Co/Al–Mg catalyst, employing a spatial time of 4 g catalyst min/g organics. The chemical analysis of the aqueous fractions revealed that the source of biomass (pine or poplar sawdust) and the pyrolysis unit significantly influenced the chemical composition of these liquids. Depending on their chemical composition, the initial H2 yield varied from 0.101 to 0.182 g H2/g organics and the initial CO2 yield from 0.814 to 1.28 g CO2/g organics during their catalytic reforming. Regarding catalytic stability, higher catalyst deactivation took place during the reforming of the two pine bio-oil aqueous fractions. The reforming results of the four aqueous fractions have been correlated to their chemical compositions using statistical empirical additive models developed using the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC). This strategy enabled the identification of the chemical compounds responsible for the most significant variations observed during the reforming of the liquids. The different proportions of acetic acid and furfural in the liquids had the greatest impact on the reforming results. Acetic acid was identified as a compound with low reactivity and low coke formation. In contrast, furfural was found to have high reactivity and a high tendency to produce coke in the reforming process. Additional reforming experiments conducted with acetic acid, phenol, furfural, levoglucosan and guaiacol helped to confirm and explain the results obtained during the catalytic steam reforming of the aqueous fractions.

Developments in Thermochemical Biomass Conversion, 1997

Progress in Thermochemical Biomass Conversion, 2001

... PREPARATION OF CATALYSTS The nickel catalyst (about 50 wt% nickel on kieselguhr) was prepared... more ... PREPARATION OF CATALYSTS The nickel catalyst (about 50 wt% nickel on kieselguhr) was prepared by an ordinary precipitation method. Sodium carbonate solution was added to a slurry of kieselguhr and nickel nitrate solution at 70 "C and precipitate was obtained. ...

Biomass and Bioenergy, 2014

Thermochimica Acta, 1997

In this work, a mechanical approach is associated with the thermal behavior of lignin. Samples of... more In this work, a mechanical approach is associated with the thermal behavior of lignin. Samples of lignin are submitted to a thermal treatment accomplished at different final temperatures of pyrolysis. The dimensional variations which occurred during the degradation of lignin are quantified by the Jacobian of the transformation. The increase of the Jacobian in the interval 180 to 260°C signifies

Resumen es: A partir de la necesidad de encontrar nuevas alternativas energeticas, se estudia en ... more Resumen es: A partir de la necesidad de encontrar nuevas alternativas energeticas, se estudia en este trabajo la posibilidad de reducir a gran escala la cantidad de ...

Advances in Thermochemical Biomass Conversion, 1993

Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2013

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 1994

... 16. It can be observed that the experimental temperature TAZ is still higher than the calcula... more ... 16. It can be observed that the experimental temperature TAZ is still higher than the calculated one and therefore the disagreement is not due to the Kec value. ... Eng. Chem. Res., 32 (1993) 1811. [ 10] R. Bilbao, ML Salvador, P. Garcia and J. Arauzo, J. Anal. Appl. ...

Energy & Fuels, 2002

Nowadays, black liquor recovery is important for the economics of the pulp and paper production i... more Nowadays, black liquor recovery is important for the economics of the pulp and paper production industry. As a result of the high capital cost of the recovery unit, the corrosive nature of the smelt, and the risk of smeltwater explosions, alternatives to the conventional recovery cycle are under research in order to achieve more efficient and environmentally cleaner processes. These alternatives fall into two categories: high-temperature and low-temperature, according to whether or not the melting point of the black liquor inorganics is reached. The advantage of lowtemperature processes is to avoid the formation of smelt. In this work, the feasibility of the thermal processing at low temperature of straw black liquor in two different bench scale reactors has been tested. In the fluidized bed, the loss of fluidization due to bed agglomeration was found to be the main problem in the reactor used. The second reactor used, a spouted bed, presents different characteristics from the fluidized bed, and has been tested in order to overcome the agglomeration observed. Experiments in different operating conditions were carried out in order to get a basic knowledge about the behavior of this residue during pyrolysis, gasification, and combustion processes. To work below the melting point of the black liquor inorganics, reaction temperature was kept under 600°C. Liquid black liquor and dry black liquor were used as feedstocks. Nitrogen, air, and nitrogen-oxygen mixtures were considered as reaction atmospheres.

Processes, 2021

The effect of catalyst loading in the Aqueous Phase Reforming (APR) of bio-oil aqueous fraction h... more The effect of catalyst loading in the Aqueous Phase Reforming (APR) of bio-oil aqueous fraction has been studied with a Ni-Co/Al-Mg coprecipitated catalyst. Because of the high content of water in the bio-oil aqueous fraction, APR could be a useful process to convert this fraction into valuable products. Experiments of APR with continuous feeding of aqueous solution of acetol, butanol and acetic acid as the only compound, together with a simulated and a real aqueous fraction of bio-oil, were carried out. Liquid products in the liquid effluent of the APR model compounds were quantified and the reaction pathways were revised. The increase of catalyst loading produced an increase of gas production and a gas with higher alkanes content. Acetol was the compound with the highest reactivity while the conversion of acetic acid was very low. The presence of acetic acid in the feed caused catalyst deactivation.

Despite the environmental friendly properties of biodiesel, its widespread use as an alternative ... more Despite the environmental friendly properties of biodiesel, its widespread use as an alternative fuel to fossil diesel has been limited by both economic and technical issues. Poor oxidation stability of biodiesel is one of these technical barriers, so the addition of antioxidants is usually required to meet the quality standards for biodiesel commercialization. Sterically hindered phenols are known to be free radical scavenging antioxidants. Such compounds are naturally present in the bio-oil produced in the pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. In this work, the antioxidant potential of lignocellulosic bio-oil has been evaluated after different extraction stages with organic solvents. By incorporating small dosages (< 4 wt. %) of the extracted fractions of bio-oil to biodiesel, the oxidation stability of this latter was clearly improved up to reach the limit defined by the European Standard.

Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2010

ABSTRACT The effect of changing the NaOH wt % (0.7-0.9%) in the transesterification, the amount o... more ABSTRACT The effect of changing the NaOH wt % (0.7-0.9%) in the transesterification, the amount of water (30-90 wt % of the biodiesel), and the temperature (40-60 degrees C) in the water cleaning step of biodiesel has been investigated, specifically the influence of these factors on some properties (acidity, viscosity and density) and contaminants (methanol, Na, glycerine, water, and glycerides) of the resulting biodiesel produced from two different oils (rapeseed and used frying oil) using a three factor-two level experimental design, and statistical analysis by ANOVA of the results. The biodiesels produced from both oils show very similar trends: methanol, sodium, and glycerine are almost completely removed from the biodiesel phase in one single step, whereas the glycerides content is not affected by the washing conditions. Viscosity and density are only very slightly affected by the washing step. The water content of the biodiesel is affected by both the water amount used and the temperature in an inverse way: the higher the temperature and the lower the water amount used in the cleaning step, the higher the water content in biodiesel. This washing step was also simulated in Aspen HYSYS V7.0 software. Using the NRTL thermodynamic package for properties calculation, the results obtained showed a reasonable agreement with experimental ones, although it should be improved for a better calculation of biodiesel final properties.

Fuel Processing Technology, 2016

Fuel Processing Technology, 2016

Progress in Thermochemical Biomass Conversion, 2001

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2015

ABSTRACT The catalytic steam reforming of four different aqueous fractions of bio-oil has been ca... more ABSTRACT The catalytic steam reforming of four different aqueous fractions of bio-oil has been carried out in a fixed bed reactor at 650 °C and atmospheric pressure using a Ni–Co/Al–Mg catalyst, employing a spatial time of 4 g catalyst min/g organics. The chemical analysis of the aqueous fractions revealed that the source of biomass (pine or poplar sawdust) and the pyrolysis unit significantly influenced the chemical composition of these liquids. Depending on their chemical composition, the initial H2 yield varied from 0.101 to 0.182 g H2/g organics and the initial CO2 yield from 0.814 to 1.28 g CO2/g organics during their catalytic reforming. Regarding catalytic stability, higher catalyst deactivation took place during the reforming of the two pine bio-oil aqueous fractions. The reforming results of the four aqueous fractions have been correlated to their chemical compositions using statistical empirical additive models developed using the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC). This strategy enabled the identification of the chemical compounds responsible for the most significant variations observed during the reforming of the liquids. The different proportions of acetic acid and furfural in the liquids had the greatest impact on the reforming results. Acetic acid was identified as a compound with low reactivity and low coke formation. In contrast, furfural was found to have high reactivity and a high tendency to produce coke in the reforming process. Additional reforming experiments conducted with acetic acid, phenol, furfural, levoglucosan and guaiacol helped to confirm and explain the results obtained during the catalytic steam reforming of the aqueous fractions.

Developments in Thermochemical Biomass Conversion, 1997

Progress in Thermochemical Biomass Conversion, 2001

... PREPARATION OF CATALYSTS The nickel catalyst (about 50 wt% nickel on kieselguhr) was prepared... more ... PREPARATION OF CATALYSTS The nickel catalyst (about 50 wt% nickel on kieselguhr) was prepared by an ordinary precipitation method. Sodium carbonate solution was added to a slurry of kieselguhr and nickel nitrate solution at 70 "C and precipitate was obtained. ...

Biomass and Bioenergy, 2014

Thermochimica Acta, 1997

In this work, a mechanical approach is associated with the thermal behavior of lignin. Samples of... more In this work, a mechanical approach is associated with the thermal behavior of lignin. Samples of lignin are submitted to a thermal treatment accomplished at different final temperatures of pyrolysis. The dimensional variations which occurred during the degradation of lignin are quantified by the Jacobian of the transformation. The increase of the Jacobian in the interval 180 to 260°C signifies

Energy & Fuels, 2002

... Increasing the oxygen concentration in the spouting agent makes the product distribution chan... more ... Increasing the oxygen concentration in the spouting agent makes the product distribution change:char and liquid fractions diminish and the gas fraction increases. ... D.; Mansour, MM TAPPI Proceedings of the 1990 Engineering Conference, TAPPI Press: Atlanta, GA, 1990. ...