M. Fondevila | University of Zaragoza (original) (raw)

Papers by M. Fondevila

Animal Production Science, 2014

Chemical composition, in vitro fermentation and in situ degradability of the native South America... more Chemical composition, in vitro fermentation and in situ degradability of the native South American legumes Adesmia bicolor and A. macrostachya were studied at vegetative (VG), flowering (FW) and seeding (SD) stages, and compared with those of alfalfa at 10% flowering (AL) in two separate studies. In A. bicolor, crude protein (CP) content was highest for FW, and FW and SD showed higher values than did AL (P < 0.05). At all stages, A. bicolor showed a lower content of neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre than did AL (P < 0.05). The maximum gas production (Coefficient b) was highest for FW, and no differences were recorded between SD and AL, the lowest value being for VG (P < 0.05). The effective dry matter degradability was higher for FW and VG than for SD and AL (P < 0.05), whereas effective CP degradability tended (P = 0.077) to be higher for FW than for the other stages of A. bicolor, but no differences between FW and AL were detected. A. macrostachya had lo...

British Journal of Nutrition, 2002

Twenty-four finishing pigs (twelve Iberian and twelve Landrace) were used in a growing and slaugh... more Twenty-four finishing pigs (twelve Iberian and twelve Landrace) were used in a growing and slaughtering experiment. Animals were fed two diets differing in their ingredients, maize (diet C) or sorghum–acorn (diet A). At an average weight of 107·0 kg pigs were slaughtered and hindgut digesta sampled to study the effect of breed and diet on large bowel fermentation. Flows of digesta to the hindgut compartment were estimated based on an indigestible flow marker (Cr2O3) and were higher in Iberian than in Landrace pigs (P<0·001), and higher in animals fed diet A than diet C (P=0·07). The higher flows in Iberian pigs were mainly associated with a higher voluntary feed intake (3·50 v. 2·70 kg/d, P<0·01) and lower ileal digestibility of NSP (−12·8 v. 47·8, P<0·01). Differences between diets were mainly associated with a lower ileal digestibility of starch from diet A (89·2 v. 96·9%, P=0·06), although no differences in the resistant starch content were observed in vitro. Fermentatio...

Animal - science proceedings

Animal Production Science, 2020

Context Good transition from suckling to high-concentrate diets is essential to avoid nutritional... more Context Good transition from suckling to high-concentrate diets is essential to avoid nutritional disorders during the fattening period of beef calves. Aims Assessing the optimal feeding strategies during the preweaning period of beef calves for an adequate adaptation to high-concentrate diets. Methods A total of 30 female beef calves (15 Parda de Montaña and 15 Pirenaica), managed under restricted suckling, were assigned to three preweaning diets (milk only [MO], milk plus hay [MH], milk plus concentrate [MC]), fed from the third month until weaning at 5 months. During the subsequent transition period (1 month), all animals received a fattening concentrate plus wheat straw ad libitum. Key results Milk intake did not differ among diets; solids intake was similar for MH and MC calves. Preweaning supplementation improved performance at the end of the suckling period (MC > MH > MO). During transition, concentrate intake was lower for MO calves; MH calves showed the lowest feed ef...

Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2019

protozoal dynamics during the transition from milk/grass to high-concentrate based diet in beef c... more protozoal dynamics during the transition from milk/grass to high-concentrate based diet in beef calves as affected by the addition of tannins or medium-chain fatty acids, Animal Feed Science and Technology (2019), doi:

Annales de Zootechnie, 1994

HAL is a multidisciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific re... more HAL is a multidisciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2002

Intra-and inter-laboratory variation of in vitro gas production and calculated metabolizable ener... more Intra-and inter-laboratory variation of in vitro gas production and calculated metabolizable energy (ME, MJ/kg DM) values were studied using 16 test feeds in 7 laboratories. Intra-laboratory variation was low, with six of the seven laboratories having very high relationships in gas production between runs (R 2 ≥ 0.96) and slopes that did not differ from unity. Inter-laboratory differences were higher with highly significant (P < 0.001) differences among laboratories in both gas production and calculated ME values. Three of the six test laboratories generated predicted ME values that did not differ from the seventh (reference) laboratory. Combining intra-laboratory variation in gas production and inter-laboratory variation in predicted ME values, three of the six test laboratories were judged acceptable overall. ME values predicted by the gas production technique by laboratories in different parts of the world cannot be considered absolute.

Animal Science, 2003

Five species of alpine pasture plants from the Pyrenees representing 3 botanical groups: grasses ... more Five species of alpine pasture plants from the Pyrenees representing 3 botanical groups: grasses (Festuca eskia, Nardus stricta), forbs (Anthyllis vulneraria, Galium verum) and shrubs (Echinospartum horridum), were collected monthly from June to September and analysed for nitrogen (N) content, cell wall composition, in vitro enzymatic digestibility (DMDe) and volume of gas produced by microbial fermentation. Among the dicotyledenous varieties, A. vulneraria and G. verum showed the highest nutritive value whilst that of E. horridum was low due to high lignin content. Grasses showed moderate nutritive values in June rapidly decreasing thereafter. Nitrogen content and organic matter digestibility (OMDg) of A. vulneraria remained relatively constant through the sampling period whereas it abruptly decreased for remaining species from July. Gas production significantly differed among species during the first 48 h of microbial fermentation but not at later stages of fermentation. Collectio...

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science, 1995

The increase in rumen digestion of cereal straw by its treatment with anhydrous ammonia has been ... more The increase in rumen digestion of cereal straw by its treatment with anhydrous ammonia has been commonly explained by a chemical action on plant cell wall structure, increasing its solubility and potential degradability, and by an enhancement of microbial access to degradable cell wall. However, although some authors (Kolankaya et al., 1985; Balcells et al., 1993) have also reported an increase in rumen microbial synthesis and activity by treating straw with ammonia, Fondevila et al. (1993) did not observed a higher rumen degradation in sheep given ammonia-treated straw compared with untreated straw. This work was conducted to study straw cell wall degradation and the possible differences on rumen fermentation characteristics induced by ammoniation of dietary straw.

Journal of Animal Science, 2018

Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2010

ABSTRACT Sheep rumen contents were used as inoculum for an in vitro semi-continuous incubation sy... more ABSTRACT Sheep rumen contents were used as inoculum for an in vitro semi-continuous incubation system to study whether preservation method affects microbial fermentation pattern. Rumen fluid was filtered and either used immediately as inoculum (CTL) or dispensed into 110mm×16mm tubes, that were stored refrigerated at 6°C for 4h (REF) or frozen at −20°C (FRZ), frozen in liquid N (FLN) or added with 0.04 glycerol and frozen in liquid N (FGL) for 48h. Frozen inocula were thawed at 39°C for 2min before use (16ml per bottle). Two 24h incubations with four bottles per treatment were completed. The microbial utilisation of added glycerol after thawing in FGL increased total gas production (P

Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2009

The fermentation kinetics of both fibre choice and maize particle size were studied in vitro from... more The fermentation kinetics of both fibre choice and maize particle size were studied in vitro from the ileal contents of cannulated pigs given five different experimental diets. Additionally, in vitro batch systems were used to study the quantitative effect of fibre choice and maize particle size on Salmonella Typhimurium growth. Freeze-dried ileal effluents obtained from five cannulated pigs given the

Animal Feed Science and Technology, 1995

The changes in straw voluntary intake and apparent digestibility caused by the ammoniation of str... more The changes in straw voluntary intake and apparent digestibility caused by the ammoniation of straw and energy supplementation in diets fed to adult, non-productive sheep were studied in two experiments. In Experiment 1, untreated (US) or ammonia treated (TS) barley straw were given as the only feed to four ewes in a cross-over design. Ammoniation increased straw dry matter (DM) intake from 30.2 to 50.6 g kg-' LW".75, organic matter digestibility (OMD) from 0.438 to 0.519 and digestible organic matter intake (DOMI) from 12.5 to 24.7 g kg-' LW".75, allowing energy maintenance requirements to be met. In Experiment 2, three groups of four ewes received US, with another three groups of four receiving TS, both supplemented with meadow grass hay (H) j rolled barley (B) or sugar-beet pulp (P) in a 2 x 3 factorial design. Each supplement was given in amounts of 150, 300, 450 and 600 g day-', in a Latin-square design. The type of supplement did not significantly affect straw intake at any level of inclusion. The level of supplementation scarcely affected US intake, whereas DM intake of TS diminished linearly. Substitution rates were 0.49 + 0.088, 0.6 1+ 0.085 and 0.55 2 0.13 1 for TS-H, TS-B and TS-P diets, respectively (P> 0.05). Apparent digestibility of straw was not significantly affected by supplementation. Increases in total DOMI when the level of supplementation was augmented were lower in TS than in US diets, and with H than with B or P as supplements. To reach the DOMI obtained with TS as the only feed, US has to be supplemented with 420,272 or 269 g DM of H, B or P, respectively.

Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2013

The effect of feeding a compound feed as meal (M) or pelleted at 3.5 (P3.5) or 10 (P10) mm i.d. o... more The effect of feeding a compound feed as meal (M) or pelleted at 3.5 (P3.5) or 10 (P10) mm i.d. on feed intake pattern and rumen fermentation in growing calves was investigated. Compound feeds were fed ad libitum with barley straw to six 3-mo-old rumen cannulated calves in a double 3 × 3 Latin square arrangement. In a first 9-wk phase (I) free access to concentrate was allowed, whereas in a second 6-wk phase (II) access was restricted to 09:00 h to 11:30 h and 17:00 h to 19:30 h. Rumen samples were collected on two nonconsecutive days at 08:30 h, 13:00 h and 17:00 h. Pelleting increased the degree of starch gelatinization from 0.113 in M to 0.205 and 0.154, in P3.5 and P10. In both phases, P10 slowed consumption of concentrate during morning feeding (P<0.01), although treatments did not affect total daily concentrate intake (97 g DM/kg LW 0.75 and 82 g DM/kg LW 0.75) in phases I and II. In phase I, pH before morning distribution was lower than in phase II (6.5 versus 7.2). Four hours after feeding, there was a pH drop (P<0.001), which was higher in phase II (1.5 units) than in phase I (0.7 units), in line with a higher concentrate intake (4.10 kg versus 1.89 kg). Calves fed P3.5 tended (P=0.052) to a lower pH than those on M in phase I, and those fed P10 had the least decrease in pH after feeding. No pH differences occurred between treatments in phase II, although pH recovery from 4 to 8 h after feeding tended to be more (P=0.073) for P10. Rumen lactic acid concentration increased after feeding (P<0.05 and P<0.001) in phases I and II, reaching 45.7 mg/l and 39.6 mg/l, respectively. In phase II, P3.5 animals reached a higher (P<0.01) concentration than M and P10 animals. Rumen ammonia concentration decreased (P<0.001) after feeding, reaching the lowest values 4 h later (23.3 mg/l and 13.6 mg/l in phases I and II). P3.5 showed lower ammonia concentration than M in phase I (P<0.05). Total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration increased (P<0.001) after feeding in both phases, decreasing the acetic to propionic ratio (P<0.001). In phase I, calves fed M tended (P=0.074) to have lower total VFA rumen concentration and higher acetic to propionic ratio (P<0.01) than those fed pellets. Results suggest that with pelleting at 3.5 mm, increased ruminal fermentation rate dominates regulation of substrate delivery and results in lower pH values that could eventually translate into higher risk of acidosis compared with unprocessed meal. Increasing the pellet diameter to 10 mm may decrease the rate of fermentation through a homogeneous daily intake pattern, without affecting total intake, even under conditions of restricted feeding.

Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2008

ABSTRACT

Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2005

The value of the tropical browse legumes Acacia cornigera (ACA), Albizia lebbekoides (ALB), Enter... more The value of the tropical browse legumes Acacia cornigera (ACA), Albizia lebbekoides (ALB), Enterolobium cyclocarpum (ENT) and Leucaena leucocephala (LEU) as ruminal N sources was examined. The N content (g/kg dry matter) was 38.0, 28.6, 35.1 and 46.7, and acid detergent insoluble N (ADIN; g/kg dry matter) was 9.0, 10.7, 18.7 and 19.8 for ACA, ALB, ENT and LEU, respectively. In vitro gas production at 24 h ranked ACA > ENT > LEU > ALB (P < 0.001), except that there were no differences between ENT and LEU after 12 h of incubation. The N degradability was estimated by the in vitro relationship between gas production and ammonia N concentration (NDg), N disappearance from incubation residue (NDd), and incubation with Streptomyces griseus enzymes (NDe). To determine NDg, legume samples (601 ± 0.54 mg) were incubated with 0 mg (n = 3), 150 mg (n = 2) or 300 mg (n = 2) starch for 24 h in two experiments. Regression of ammonia (y, mg) on gas produced (x, ml) for each browse in each experiment (n = 7) yielded r 2 coefficients between 0.974 and 0.997. Average estimated NDg were 0.32, 0.22, 0.63 and 0.22 for ACA, ALB, ENT and LEU, whereas NDd had N digestion coefficients of 0.40, 0.17, 0.70 and 0.36, and NDe 0.41, 0.24, 0.

World Rabbit Science

Epizootic Rabbit Enteropathy (ERE) is a disease of unknown aetiology that mainly affects post-wea... more Epizootic Rabbit Enteropathy (ERE) is a disease of unknown aetiology that mainly affects post-weaning animals. Caecotrophs from animals in a farm affected by ERE were analysed to identify changes in the microbiological profile of growing rabbits. Does and kits at weaning (28 d) and the same rabbits ten days later (38 d) were used for a comparison using Roche 454 pyrosequencing of hypervariable V3-V5 regions of the 16S rRNA genes. The caecal bacterial community was dominated by the Firmicutes phylum (about 80%), followed by Bacteroidetes (15%), although relative abundances changed according to animal age (among does and kits at 28 and 38 d) and health status (affected or not by ERE). Two dominant families were classified within the Firmicutes phylum: Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae (50 and 20% of the sequences, respectively). In kits affected by ERE, relative abundance of Ruminococcus and Bacteroides genera decreased and increased, respectively, compared to healthy kits at the sa...

Animal Science

Twenty-eight lactating ewes (mean 48 (s.e. 0·37) kg live weight) were used from days 12 to 52 aft... more Twenty-eight lactating ewes (mean 48 (s.e. 0·37) kg live weight) were used from days 12 to 52 after lambing to evaluate the effects on digestibility and production performance of replacing barley grain with citrus pulp in diets based on ammonia-treated barley straw. Concentrates included 0·82 to 0·83 of different barley to citrus pulp proportions: 100: 0 (T1); 66: 33 (T2); 33: 66 (T3) and 0: 100 (T4), 0·115 of soya-bean meal, and urea to make diets isonitrogenous. Ewes were adapted to a common diet for 11 days after lambing, and then were given 850 g/day of each experimental concentrate together with 850 g/day of chopped barley straw for 14 days and milk production and lamb growth were recorded. During the following 14 days ewes received the same amount of concentrate but the straw was offered ad libitum and straw intake was recorded as well as milk production and lamb growth. After completing both periods, four ewes per treatment were used for total collections of faeces and urine....

Animal Production Science

Two experiments were conducted to simulate in vitro the fermentation conditions under high-concen... more Two experiments were conducted to simulate in vitro the fermentation conditions under high-concentrate feeding. The concentration of bicarbonate ion in the buffer of the incubation solution was assayed in Experiment 1, by adjusting medium pH to 6.50, 6.25, 6.00, 5.75 and 5.50, in two incubation series of 12 h, using barley as the reference substrate. The pH diminished linearly (P < 0001) by lowering the buffer, and remained constant throughout 12 h, except for treatments 5.75 and 5.50, where pH dropped to 5.51 and 5.31 at 12 h. Gas production decreased linearly with a decreasing medium pH (P < 0.001), with the total volume of gas produced after 12 h being highly dependent (P < 0.01) on pH at 12 h (R2 = 0.629), thus demonstrating the importance of the incubation pH for estimation of fermentation of concentrate feeds. In Experiment 2, the effect of pH on direct and indirect proportion of gas was studied by adding 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 mmol of acetic acid, either wit...

Animal Feed Science and Technology

El artículo seleccionado no se encuentra disponible por ahora a texto completo por no haber sido ... more El artículo seleccionado no se encuentra disponible por ahora a texto completo por no haber sido facilitado todavía por el investigador a cargo del archivo del mismo.