Olatokunbo Osinowo | Federal University Of Agriculture Abeokuta (original) (raw)

Papers by Olatokunbo Osinowo

Advances in economics and business, Sep 1, 2013

This study examined the effect of fiscal instability on economic growth in Nigeria for the period... more This study examined the effect of fiscal instability on economic growth in Nigeria for the period of 1970-2010.The cyclical effect of fiscal spending components were measured using the Hodrick Prescot (HP)-filtered fiscal spending components and output with the correlation technique. Results indicated that between 1970 and 1985, both the real gross domestic product and real total fiscal spending were highly volatile. However, total fiscal spending appears to be countercyclical between 1970 to 1986. But from 1987 to 2010, the variation in total fiscal spending was relatively stationary while real output was still relatively unstable. Fiscal discipline is required to ensure a sustainably stable economic environment in Nigeria.

Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 2022

T he West African sub-region is made up of seventeen countries with diverse ethnicities, cultures... more T he West African sub-region is made up of seventeen countries with diverse ethnicities, cultures, and traditions. It has a population of about 250 million people, with Nigeria accounting for roughly half (50%) of this figure. The issue of poverty and how to address it remains one of the region's most pressing concerns. Rural areas have a higher concentration of poor people, which means that agricultural development and rural development are critical to economic growth and poverty reduction (Dorward et al., 2004). According to World Bank (2007), agriculture provides millions of rural poor people with golden opportunities Abstract | This study investigated the impact of agricultural innovation technology on poverty and the feedback effect of widespread poverty on agricultural development in West Africa. The study used 25year (1991-2015) panel data from the Statistics on Public Expenditure for Economic Development, the United States Department of Agriculture, the Penn World Table, and the World Bank's World Development Indicators. The study's data set included information on agriculture's value added (as a percentage of GDP), the headcount ratio of people living in poverty at $1.9 per day, farm mechanization, government agricultural expenditure, irrigation, human capital, and telecommunications technology. The results of this study show that, despite an increasing trend in agricultural technology improvements, poverty is still a regional problem in West Africa. It was noted that the value added by agriculture (as a percentage of GDP) was increasing at a decreasing rate. Additionally, the findings demonstrate that West Africa's high rate of poverty has a significant linear influence on agricultural development, and that on the other hand, agricultural development significantly contributes to the continent's effort to eradicate poverty. The study concluded that development of agriculture sector is a crucial first step in creating efficient approaches to poverty alleviation in West Africa. However, the right agricultural innovation technologies, such as irrigation, mechanization, and human capital, must be pursued in order to optimize the effects on poverty reduction.

Agricultura Tropica et Subtropica, 2021

This study empirically investigates the drivers of agricultural productivity in transforming econ... more This study empirically investigates the drivers of agricultural productivity in transforming economy. The study used a 35-year period (1980-2014) panel data sourced from World Development Indicators, Penn World Table, United States Department of Agriculture and Statistics on Public Expenditure for Economic Development. Data used for the study include Agricultural Productivity (AP), Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Government Agricultural Expenditure (EXP), Agricultural Trade Barrier (ATB), Consumer Price Index (CPI), Farm Machinery (MACH), Fertiliser (FERT), Human Capital (HCAP) and Irrigation (IRRG). Data were analysed using Impulse Response Function, Levin-Lin-Chu unit root test, Johansen-Fisher Panel Cointegration test and Panel Least Squares regression technique. Impulse Response Function revealed that l n (GDP)reacted negatively to a shock from l n (Agricultural Productivity). Levin-Lin-Chu unit root test revealed that the variables were stationary either at level or at first difference. The result of the Johansen-Fisher panel cointegration test showed that for every case at 5 percent level of significance, we reject null hypothesis of no cointegration. Panel Least Squares revealed that Agricultural Trade Barrier (α = 0.0531, p < 0.05), Human Capital (α = 1.2409, p < 0.01) and Irrigation (α = 0.0771, p < 0.01) increased Agricultural Productivity. However, Fertilizer (α = −0.0730, p < 0.01) decreased Agricultural Productivity. This study therefore concluded that Agricultural Productivity will grow in transforming economy with trade restriction on imported agricultural tradable commodities, increased investment in human capital and expansion in irrigation application. The study therefore recommends measures that will protect domestic agriculture, capacity building of the farmers and improved irrigation infrastructure that will enhance small scale farmers for all-season cropping.

Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development, Apr 5, 2019

There is a retarded growth in poultry egg production in Ogun state, Nigeria. This has led to high... more There is a retarded growth in poultry egg production in Ogun state, Nigeria. This has led to high production costs and average market prices of the product. Therefore, this study examined the technical efficiency of poultry egg production in Ogun state, Nigeria using the stochastic frontier production function model. Primary data was collected using a set of structured questionnaires from one hundred and twenty (120) poultry egg farmers (selected using multi-stage sampling techniques) from the Poultry Association of Nigeria, Ogun State Chapter. The level of technical efficiencies (TE) varied widely across farms, ranging between 64% and 97%, with a mean value of 85.6%. Only "years of experience" negatively affected the TE while an increase in other socioeconomic variables, such as education, age and farm location, led to an increase in the TE value. The major constraints in poultry egg production included unbearable costs of feed, inadequate funds and capital, lack of disease control facilities and unstable power supply. This study recommends the dissemination of improved modern technology in egg production to poultry egg farmers.

Sarhad Journal of Agriculture

Forests, Trees and Livelihoods

As the second-largest foreign exchange earner (after crude oil), and the most important agricultu... more As the second-largest foreign exchange earner (after crude oil), and the most important agricultural subsector, tree crops are key to Nigeria’s economy. This paper investigates the key factors behind land allocation decisions, with an aim to yield useful policy insights into how to boost tree crop cultivation and, as a result, agricultural commercialisation. The study concludes by emphasising the significance of tangible land markets, critical rural infrastructure, agro services, improved land tenure security and increased youth and female engagement in efforts to promote economic diversification in Nigeria through commercial tree crop farming

Advances in Economics and Business, 2013

Journal for the Advancement of Developing Economies, 2017

Land is very vital for agricultural production, and for any nation that wants to be self-food suf... more Land is very vital for agricultural production, and for any nation that wants to be self-food sufficient. Different land reforms have taken place in Nigeria since 1960 with the aim of facilitating access to agricultural land, and make the nation self-sufficient in food production, but little changes have only been recorded. Bureaucracy by approving authorities in practice in communities where land is situated still hinders land acquisition for agricultural investment. This study therefore analyzes land policy, governance and accountability and draw out some implications on food production in Nigeria. The percentage of arable land to the total land area was 37.3 percent by available data in 2013, which suggests that smaller area is only available for cultivation with little for agricultural expansion. There may likely be a great challenge in producing enough food to sustain the future population of Nigeria if issues on land tenure and governance are not addressed. Even though our finding revealed that Nigerians cultivate more land at present than ever before with a percentage increase of 19.2 percent in 2000 to 2010, much needs to be done considering challenges confronting agricultural investors. Some of the identified challenges in Ogun State include: the activities of nomadic, high cost of land acquisition, land grabbing which has dispossessed members of the communities of their large parcels of land, scarcity of labor in rural community due to youth rural-urban drift and high cost of modern agricultural input preventing them to adopt. This is a dangerous trend for the future considering the current food deficit problem in Nigeria. Transparency in land governance with customary laws can improve land access. Removal of gender biases in access to land, bureaucracy and cost of securing and perfecting title, short-term lease which cannot be used as collateral for agricultural loans in the Land Use Act need to be amended.

Journal for the Advancement of Developing Economies, 2018

Nigeria is a nation of riches with trajectories for poverty, wealth in the hands of few and extre... more Nigeria is a nation of riches with trajectories for poverty, wealth in the hands of few and extreme/abject poverty at the doorsteps of many. This study examined the role of economic growth, agriculture and quality of governance in explaining the wide differences in poverty level in Nigeria. The study used a 28-year period (1990 – 2018) time series secondary data. Data were analysed using Impulse Response Function (IRF) and Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL). IRF revealed that there was a negative and positive response of POV to shocks in real GDP in Nigeria. ARDL showed that real GDP, inflation and unemployment are a key variables that can be used to enhanced poverty reduction and significant in both the short and long run. Similarly, education and agriculture value added also have a negative coefficient in the short run analysis which means the variables will lead to poverty reduction in the short run. The study recommended that pro poor policies should be designed for all...

Journal for the Advancement of Developing Economies, 2017

Land is very vital for agricultural production, and for any nation that wants to be self-food suf... more Land is very vital for agricultural production, and for any nation that wants to be self-food sufficient. Different land reforms have taken place in Nigeria since 1960 with the aim of facilitating access to agricultural land, and make the nation self-sufficient in food production, but little changes have only been recorded. Bureaucracy by approving authorities in practice in communities where land is situated still hinders land acquisition for agricultural investment. This study therefore analyzes land policy, governance and accountability and draw out some implications on food production in Nigeria. The percentage of arable land to the total land area was 37.3 percent by available data in 2013, which suggests that smaller area is only available for cultivation with little for agricultural expansion. There may likely be a great challenge in producing enough food to sustain the future population of Nigeria if issues on land tenure and governance are not addressed. Even though our fin...

Agricultura Tropica et Subtropica

This study empirically investigates the drivers of agricultural productivity in transforming econ... more This study empirically investigates the drivers of agricultural productivity in transforming economy. The study used a 35-year period (1980–2014) panel data sourced from World Development Indicators, Penn World Table, United States Department of Agriculture and Statistics on Public Expenditure for Economic Development. Data used for the study include Agricultural Productivity (AP), Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Government Agricultural Expenditure (EXP), Agricultural Trade Barrier (ATB), Consumer Price Index (CPI), Farm Machinery (MACH), Fertiliser (FERT), Human Capital (HCAP) and Irrigation (IRRG). Data were analysed using Impulse Response Function, Levin-Lin-Chu unit root test, Johansen-Fisher Panel Cointegration test and Panel Least Squares regression technique. Impulse Response Function revealed that ln (GDP)reacted negatively to a shock from ln (Agricultural Productivity). Levin-Lin-Chu unit root test revealed that the variables were stationary either at level or at first d...

International Journal of Poultry Science, 2007

The study examines the technical efficiency of poultry egg production in Ogun state using Data En... more The study examines the technical efficiency of poultry egg production in Ogun state using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and OLS regression. The data for the study were collected with the use of wellstructured questionnaires from poultry farmers. Average number of birds for small farm size is 301, for medium farm size is 740, while that of large size is 2288. The corresponding net returns were x589, x464.46 and x739.56 per bird per farm respectively. Majority of the farmers are relatively technical efficient in their use of resources, with mean technical efficient being 0.873. Farmers with large farm size are most technical efficient with a mean of 0.8877 followed by medium farm size with a mean of 0.8687 while small farm size has the least mean of 0.8638. The mean input slack for stock, labour and feed are 3.032, 8.942, 0.482 respectively, while the output slack is zero. Years of experience and education have positive effect on technical efficiency at 1 percent while household size negatively affects efficiency at 1 percent. The study concluded that poultry egg production is profitable in the study area and that majority of the farmers are relatively efficient.

This study examined the effect of fiscal instability on economic growth in Nigeria for the period... more This study examined the effect of fiscal instability on economic growth in Nigeria for the period of 1970-2010.The cyclical effect of fiscal spending components were measured using the Hodrick Prescot (HP)-filtered fiscal spending components and output with the correlation technique. Results indicated that between 1970 and 1985, both the real gross domestic product and real total fiscal spending were highly volatile. However, total fiscal spending appears to be countercyclical between 1970 to 1986. But from 1987 to 2010, the variation in total fiscal spending was relatively stationary while real output was still relatively unstable. Fiscal discipline is required to ensure a sustainably stable economic environment in Nigeria.

Advances in economics and business, Sep 1, 2013

This study examined the effect of fiscal instability on economic growth in Nigeria for the period... more This study examined the effect of fiscal instability on economic growth in Nigeria for the period of 1970-2010.The cyclical effect of fiscal spending components were measured using the Hodrick Prescot (HP)-filtered fiscal spending components and output with the correlation technique. Results indicated that between 1970 and 1985, both the real gross domestic product and real total fiscal spending were highly volatile. However, total fiscal spending appears to be countercyclical between 1970 to 1986. But from 1987 to 2010, the variation in total fiscal spending was relatively stationary while real output was still relatively unstable. Fiscal discipline is required to ensure a sustainably stable economic environment in Nigeria.

Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 2022

T he West African sub-region is made up of seventeen countries with diverse ethnicities, cultures... more T he West African sub-region is made up of seventeen countries with diverse ethnicities, cultures, and traditions. It has a population of about 250 million people, with Nigeria accounting for roughly half (50%) of this figure. The issue of poverty and how to address it remains one of the region's most pressing concerns. Rural areas have a higher concentration of poor people, which means that agricultural development and rural development are critical to economic growth and poverty reduction (Dorward et al., 2004). According to World Bank (2007), agriculture provides millions of rural poor people with golden opportunities Abstract | This study investigated the impact of agricultural innovation technology on poverty and the feedback effect of widespread poverty on agricultural development in West Africa. The study used 25year (1991-2015) panel data from the Statistics on Public Expenditure for Economic Development, the United States Department of Agriculture, the Penn World Table, and the World Bank's World Development Indicators. The study's data set included information on agriculture's value added (as a percentage of GDP), the headcount ratio of people living in poverty at $1.9 per day, farm mechanization, government agricultural expenditure, irrigation, human capital, and telecommunications technology. The results of this study show that, despite an increasing trend in agricultural technology improvements, poverty is still a regional problem in West Africa. It was noted that the value added by agriculture (as a percentage of GDP) was increasing at a decreasing rate. Additionally, the findings demonstrate that West Africa's high rate of poverty has a significant linear influence on agricultural development, and that on the other hand, agricultural development significantly contributes to the continent's effort to eradicate poverty. The study concluded that development of agriculture sector is a crucial first step in creating efficient approaches to poverty alleviation in West Africa. However, the right agricultural innovation technologies, such as irrigation, mechanization, and human capital, must be pursued in order to optimize the effects on poverty reduction.

Agricultura Tropica et Subtropica, 2021

This study empirically investigates the drivers of agricultural productivity in transforming econ... more This study empirically investigates the drivers of agricultural productivity in transforming economy. The study used a 35-year period (1980-2014) panel data sourced from World Development Indicators, Penn World Table, United States Department of Agriculture and Statistics on Public Expenditure for Economic Development. Data used for the study include Agricultural Productivity (AP), Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Government Agricultural Expenditure (EXP), Agricultural Trade Barrier (ATB), Consumer Price Index (CPI), Farm Machinery (MACH), Fertiliser (FERT), Human Capital (HCAP) and Irrigation (IRRG). Data were analysed using Impulse Response Function, Levin-Lin-Chu unit root test, Johansen-Fisher Panel Cointegration test and Panel Least Squares regression technique. Impulse Response Function revealed that l n (GDP)reacted negatively to a shock from l n (Agricultural Productivity). Levin-Lin-Chu unit root test revealed that the variables were stationary either at level or at first difference. The result of the Johansen-Fisher panel cointegration test showed that for every case at 5 percent level of significance, we reject null hypothesis of no cointegration. Panel Least Squares revealed that Agricultural Trade Barrier (α = 0.0531, p < 0.05), Human Capital (α = 1.2409, p < 0.01) and Irrigation (α = 0.0771, p < 0.01) increased Agricultural Productivity. However, Fertilizer (α = −0.0730, p < 0.01) decreased Agricultural Productivity. This study therefore concluded that Agricultural Productivity will grow in transforming economy with trade restriction on imported agricultural tradable commodities, increased investment in human capital and expansion in irrigation application. The study therefore recommends measures that will protect domestic agriculture, capacity building of the farmers and improved irrigation infrastructure that will enhance small scale farmers for all-season cropping.

Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development, Apr 5, 2019

There is a retarded growth in poultry egg production in Ogun state, Nigeria. This has led to high... more There is a retarded growth in poultry egg production in Ogun state, Nigeria. This has led to high production costs and average market prices of the product. Therefore, this study examined the technical efficiency of poultry egg production in Ogun state, Nigeria using the stochastic frontier production function model. Primary data was collected using a set of structured questionnaires from one hundred and twenty (120) poultry egg farmers (selected using multi-stage sampling techniques) from the Poultry Association of Nigeria, Ogun State Chapter. The level of technical efficiencies (TE) varied widely across farms, ranging between 64% and 97%, with a mean value of 85.6%. Only "years of experience" negatively affected the TE while an increase in other socioeconomic variables, such as education, age and farm location, led to an increase in the TE value. The major constraints in poultry egg production included unbearable costs of feed, inadequate funds and capital, lack of disease control facilities and unstable power supply. This study recommends the dissemination of improved modern technology in egg production to poultry egg farmers.

Sarhad Journal of Agriculture

Forests, Trees and Livelihoods

As the second-largest foreign exchange earner (after crude oil), and the most important agricultu... more As the second-largest foreign exchange earner (after crude oil), and the most important agricultural subsector, tree crops are key to Nigeria’s economy. This paper investigates the key factors behind land allocation decisions, with an aim to yield useful policy insights into how to boost tree crop cultivation and, as a result, agricultural commercialisation. The study concludes by emphasising the significance of tangible land markets, critical rural infrastructure, agro services, improved land tenure security and increased youth and female engagement in efforts to promote economic diversification in Nigeria through commercial tree crop farming

Advances in Economics and Business, 2013

Journal for the Advancement of Developing Economies, 2017

Land is very vital for agricultural production, and for any nation that wants to be self-food suf... more Land is very vital for agricultural production, and for any nation that wants to be self-food sufficient. Different land reforms have taken place in Nigeria since 1960 with the aim of facilitating access to agricultural land, and make the nation self-sufficient in food production, but little changes have only been recorded. Bureaucracy by approving authorities in practice in communities where land is situated still hinders land acquisition for agricultural investment. This study therefore analyzes land policy, governance and accountability and draw out some implications on food production in Nigeria. The percentage of arable land to the total land area was 37.3 percent by available data in 2013, which suggests that smaller area is only available for cultivation with little for agricultural expansion. There may likely be a great challenge in producing enough food to sustain the future population of Nigeria if issues on land tenure and governance are not addressed. Even though our finding revealed that Nigerians cultivate more land at present than ever before with a percentage increase of 19.2 percent in 2000 to 2010, much needs to be done considering challenges confronting agricultural investors. Some of the identified challenges in Ogun State include: the activities of nomadic, high cost of land acquisition, land grabbing which has dispossessed members of the communities of their large parcels of land, scarcity of labor in rural community due to youth rural-urban drift and high cost of modern agricultural input preventing them to adopt. This is a dangerous trend for the future considering the current food deficit problem in Nigeria. Transparency in land governance with customary laws can improve land access. Removal of gender biases in access to land, bureaucracy and cost of securing and perfecting title, short-term lease which cannot be used as collateral for agricultural loans in the Land Use Act need to be amended.

Journal for the Advancement of Developing Economies, 2018

Nigeria is a nation of riches with trajectories for poverty, wealth in the hands of few and extre... more Nigeria is a nation of riches with trajectories for poverty, wealth in the hands of few and extreme/abject poverty at the doorsteps of many. This study examined the role of economic growth, agriculture and quality of governance in explaining the wide differences in poverty level in Nigeria. The study used a 28-year period (1990 – 2018) time series secondary data. Data were analysed using Impulse Response Function (IRF) and Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL). IRF revealed that there was a negative and positive response of POV to shocks in real GDP in Nigeria. ARDL showed that real GDP, inflation and unemployment are a key variables that can be used to enhanced poverty reduction and significant in both the short and long run. Similarly, education and agriculture value added also have a negative coefficient in the short run analysis which means the variables will lead to poverty reduction in the short run. The study recommended that pro poor policies should be designed for all...

Journal for the Advancement of Developing Economies, 2017

Land is very vital for agricultural production, and for any nation that wants to be self-food suf... more Land is very vital for agricultural production, and for any nation that wants to be self-food sufficient. Different land reforms have taken place in Nigeria since 1960 with the aim of facilitating access to agricultural land, and make the nation self-sufficient in food production, but little changes have only been recorded. Bureaucracy by approving authorities in practice in communities where land is situated still hinders land acquisition for agricultural investment. This study therefore analyzes land policy, governance and accountability and draw out some implications on food production in Nigeria. The percentage of arable land to the total land area was 37.3 percent by available data in 2013, which suggests that smaller area is only available for cultivation with little for agricultural expansion. There may likely be a great challenge in producing enough food to sustain the future population of Nigeria if issues on land tenure and governance are not addressed. Even though our fin...

Agricultura Tropica et Subtropica

This study empirically investigates the drivers of agricultural productivity in transforming econ... more This study empirically investigates the drivers of agricultural productivity in transforming economy. The study used a 35-year period (1980–2014) panel data sourced from World Development Indicators, Penn World Table, United States Department of Agriculture and Statistics on Public Expenditure for Economic Development. Data used for the study include Agricultural Productivity (AP), Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Government Agricultural Expenditure (EXP), Agricultural Trade Barrier (ATB), Consumer Price Index (CPI), Farm Machinery (MACH), Fertiliser (FERT), Human Capital (HCAP) and Irrigation (IRRG). Data were analysed using Impulse Response Function, Levin-Lin-Chu unit root test, Johansen-Fisher Panel Cointegration test and Panel Least Squares regression technique. Impulse Response Function revealed that ln (GDP)reacted negatively to a shock from ln (Agricultural Productivity). Levin-Lin-Chu unit root test revealed that the variables were stationary either at level or at first d...

International Journal of Poultry Science, 2007

The study examines the technical efficiency of poultry egg production in Ogun state using Data En... more The study examines the technical efficiency of poultry egg production in Ogun state using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and OLS regression. The data for the study were collected with the use of wellstructured questionnaires from poultry farmers. Average number of birds for small farm size is 301, for medium farm size is 740, while that of large size is 2288. The corresponding net returns were x589, x464.46 and x739.56 per bird per farm respectively. Majority of the farmers are relatively technical efficient in their use of resources, with mean technical efficient being 0.873. Farmers with large farm size are most technical efficient with a mean of 0.8877 followed by medium farm size with a mean of 0.8687 while small farm size has the least mean of 0.8638. The mean input slack for stock, labour and feed are 3.032, 8.942, 0.482 respectively, while the output slack is zero. Years of experience and education have positive effect on technical efficiency at 1 percent while household size negatively affects efficiency at 1 percent. The study concluded that poultry egg production is profitable in the study area and that majority of the farmers are relatively efficient.

This study examined the effect of fiscal instability on economic growth in Nigeria for the period... more This study examined the effect of fiscal instability on economic growth in Nigeria for the period of 1970-2010.The cyclical effect of fiscal spending components were measured using the Hodrick Prescot (HP)-filtered fiscal spending components and output with the correlation technique. Results indicated that between 1970 and 1985, both the real gross domestic product and real total fiscal spending were highly volatile. However, total fiscal spending appears to be countercyclical between 1970 to 1986. But from 1987 to 2010, the variation in total fiscal spending was relatively stationary while real output was still relatively unstable. Fiscal discipline is required to ensure a sustainably stable economic environment in Nigeria.