Raul Ajmat | Universidad Nacional de Tucuman (original) (raw)
Papers by Raul Ajmat
In recent years, the damage suffered by collections exhibited in museum rooms or in storage areas... more In recent years, the damage suffered by collections exhibited in museum rooms or in storage areas has been mostly attributed to their immediate surroundings that is, to an environment characterized by certain environmental conditions that interact positively or negatively in the physical chemical integrity of the objects. Temperature, humidity, electromagnetic radiation and environmental pollution are considered some of the agents that can deteriorate the collections. Since, generally, it is more difficult to permanently modify the environmental conditions to adapt them to the exposed collections, it is proposed here to adapt the collections to the environmental conditions when it is possible. This paper presents a development of a methodology that compares the levels measured of each environmental condition in a museum room with a table of material sensitivity, to determine the feasibility of exposure of a given object, promoting the controlled exhibition of the collections. The la...
El presente trabajo estudia la resolucion formal de la ciudad de San Miguel de Tucuman, en conjun... more El presente trabajo estudia la resolucion formal de la ciudad de San Miguel de Tucuman, en conjunto con la densificacion progresiva del tejido urbano y de edificios de su Area Central, y su estrecha relacion con el Codigo de Planificacion Urbano y la influencia del mismo en el derecho al acceso de la energia solar. Mediante simulacion, que se elabora como metodologia de estudio, se revisan los lineamientos respecto de habitabilidad, salubridad y garantias de accesibilidad de energia solar, que propone el Codigo de Planificacion Urbano y su cumplimiento en el Area Central de San Miguel de Tucuman. Se desprende de esta investigacion la propuesta de incluir la componente de energia solar en los lineamientos del Codigo de Planificacion Urbano, surge asi la idea de un Factor de Sostenibilidad Ambiental Solar (fa.s.a.s), que comprende contenidos del tipo solar, climatico, factor de vision de cielo, entre otras. Una nueva mirada de la Planificacion Urbana, que entiende la incorporacion del...
Sin embargo, la iluminación, junto con otros factores ambientales (como temperatura y humedad), p... more Sin embargo, la iluminación, junto con otros factores ambientales (como temperatura y humedad), puede modificar las propiedades de los objetos de manera significativa a lo largo de su tiempo de exposición, lo que lleva al deterioro. Por lo tanto, un dilema a resolver es: Exhibición frente a la Preservación. Altos estándares de preservación pueden llevar a malas condiciones de exposición. Por otro lado, un ambiente estimulante para la exposición puede exponer objetos valiosos a normas de conservación más bajos.
A new methodology to select light source spectral distribution for use in museums is presented. I... more A new methodology to select light source spectral distribution for use in museums is presented. It is based upon obtaining the Representative Spectral Reflectance Curve (RSRC) for each artwork and then lighting it with a light source the spectral power distribution of which is coincident in shape with the objects RSRC. This should cause minimum damage due to radiation on the object, as the deterioration of the object due to radiation is an effect of energy absorbed. In order to evaluate quality of presentation, colour differences were calculated for the three primal colours present in an artwork sample, illuminated under Illuminants D65 and under a simulated illuminant the spectral power distribution of which matches the RSRC of the illuminated object. Results are in general lower than 3 CIELAB units, considered the limit for strict tolerance in normal colour reproduction.
The focus of this thesis is the performance modelling of shading devices with regard to daylight ... more The focus of this thesis is the performance modelling of shading devices with regard to daylight illumination and thermal effect in non-domestic buildings offices, classrooms based on real time-varying conditions. The research is centred in quantifying the impact of external shading devices on energy demand for electric lighting, heating and cooling. The Unix-based Radiance lighting simulation program as the engine, and a nodal thermal model processing irradiation inputs, have been used. An adaptation of suitable calculation approaches and the development of custom-written data analysis programs have been also performed on this behalf. The thesis begins with a literature review of current practice in modelling buildings particularly examining the daylight and thermal modelling approaches used. Daylight assessment tools and shading systems are also looked at. A formulation of a novel hybrid dynamic lighting thermal model using the daylight coefficient approach and Radiance, combined ...
LEGADO de Arquitectura y Diseño, 2020
This work studies the formal resolution of the city of San Miguel de Tucumán, in conjunction with... more This work studies the formal resolution of
the city of San Miguel de Tucumán, in conjunction with the
progressive densification of the urban configuration and
buildings of its Central Area, its close relationship with the
Urban Planning Code and the influence on the right to access
solar energy. Through simulation, developed as a study
methodology, we revise the guidelines regarding habitability,
health and accessibility guarantees of solar energy, proposed
by the Urban Planning Code and its compliance in the Central
Area of San Miguel de Tucumán. Following this research
emerges a proposal to include the solar energy component
in the guidelines of the Urban Planning Code, thus arises the
idea of a Solar Environmental Sustainability Factor (fa.s.a.s)
This factor includes contents of the solar type, climate change,
sky vision factor, amongst others. A new approach to Urban
Planning, which considers the incorporation of the solar
resource as part of a design strategy for the generation of a
new urban landscape. A proposal from the sanitation and
habitability of urban areas that is being relegated to the
economic interests. The proposed innovation is more than
a change in the content of legislation and regulations in the
building maximums and minimums, it is a breakthrough
in the rights and guarantees of the inhabitants of the city in
access to solar energy as a source of light and heat.
Key words: Solar Energy, morphology, planning, solar
radiation, urban simulation.
Intervención, 2021
This research article presents the application of a model of museum visitors’ satisfaction which ... more This research article presents the application of a model of museum visitors’ satisfaction
which was developed through visitor studies in four museums in Argentina.
The model aimed to identify what influence the visitors’ own characteristics, as well
as their perception of the experience the museum offers them, had on their overall
satisfaction. Data was collected in two stages: one before the visit and another one
immediately after. This process permitted the identification of certain common patterns
to all the case studies in relation to visitors’ satisfaction, a necessary condition
to better understand their needs and behavior, in order to generate memorable
experiences.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONSERVATION SCIENCE, 2020
In recent years, the damage suffered by collections exhibited in museum rooms or in storage areas... more In recent years, the damage suffered by collections exhibited in museum rooms or in storage areas has been mostly attributed to their immediate surroundings that is, to an environment characterized by certain environmental conditions that interact positively or negatively in the physical-chemical integrity of the objects. Temperature, humidity, electromagnetic radiation and environmental pollution are considered some of the agents that can deteriorate the collections. Since, generally, it is more difficult to permanently modify the environmental conditions to adapt them to the exposed collections, it is proposed here to adapt the collections to the environmental conditions when it is possible. This paper presents a development of a methodology that compares the levels measured of each environmental condition in a museum room with a table of material sensitivity, to determine the feasibility of exposure of a given object, promoting the controlled exhibition of the collections. The large volume of data obtained from the environmental measurements requires a considerable processing time, therefore, a computational process developed in LabVIEW graphic software is included in the treatment of this special information. This automation constitutes a useful technological tool that allows correcting anomalies and favouring the prevention of collection risks.
Revista ARQUISUR, 2020
El presente trabajo es un resumen de una propuesta metodológica que permite abordar con criterio ... more El presente trabajo es un resumen de una propuesta metodológica que permite abordar con criterio científico-cuantitativo soluciones aplicadas a la problemática actual abarcando el tema de la ausencia de soluciones efectivas de diseño arquitectónico-urbano que aprovechen o resuelvan el acceso de luz natural y aseguren la habitabilidad en recintos urbanos permitiendo su aprovechamiento para captación de energía solar. Mediante simulación, que se elaboró como metodología de estudio, se revisaron los lineamientos respecto de habitabilidad, salubridad y garantías de accesibilidad de energía solar, que propone el Código de Planificación Urbano y su cumplimiento en el Área Central de San Miguel de Tucumán. Se propone un proceso de simulación sistematizado para analizar las consecuencias de la densificación, producto de la industria de la construcción en curso, aplicando una metodología para investigar los efectos reales de la puesta en práctica de las normas urbanísticas. Esta permite el análisis del potencial de producción de energía limpia en superficies expuestas a la misma, la pre-visualización y estudio de la habitabilidad de patios de edificios de gran altura y la verificación de legislaciones que necesiten ser revisadas a fin de dar una solución real y efectiva a problemas de diseño y habitabilidad.
Palabras claves: Simulación Urbana, Energía Solar, Radiación Solar, Planificación, Morfología.
The environmental control over the conditions of preservation of the objects exhibited in museums... more The environmental control over the conditions of preservation of the objects exhibited in museums and comfort in
order to satisfy visitors´ needs with their influence in their satisfaction with the visit are two inseparable aspects of
evaluation nowadays. The objective of the present work is to analyze the relationship between photometric
magnitudes measured in exhibitions, the subjective evaluation of its illumination and the overall satisfaction of the
visitors.
Objective and subjective measurements were made in two museums of S.M. of Tucumán. Luminance levels were
measured on exposed objects and surroundings, as well as vertical illuminance on objects. Simultaneously, a
subjective evaluation instrument (questionnaire) was developed and implemented with volunteer visitors. The
relationships of luminances and illuminance levels in each museum were analyzed and contrasted with the data
obtained from the surveys. In the first museum the highest levels of luminance were found on the environment and
not on the objects and the range of illuminances were between 20 and 250 lx; In the second museum, the opposite
was presented regarding the luminance relationships and the range of illuminance was between 50 to 400lx.
Visitors perceived a level of illumination from medium to low in the first museum and 61% perceived poorly lit
areas, while in the second they perceived a high level of lighting and only 14% perceived poorly lit areas. Overall
satisfaction with the visit to both museums presented similar values.
Taking into account the regulations and recommendations on maximum levels of illuminance allowed for
preservation and conservation, it would be possible to make lighting designs for museums that offer comfort and
visual quality using other variables, for example, luminance distribution and figure to background relationships.
Resumen— La cuestión de la exhibición y preservación de los bienes culturales en general y del pa... more Resumen— La cuestión de la exhibición y preservación de los bienes culturales en general y del patrimonio de un museo en particular puede estudiarse atendiendo tanto a las características del espacio que contiene al museo: el contenedor; como a las del contenido (los objetos y su forma de exhibición). Esto genera desafíos diversos en el campo de la investigación, por un lado pueden estudiarse las condiciones constructivas del museo que generan condiciones ambientales y arquitectónicas (termohigrométricas y de iluminación) bajo las que se realiza la exhibición. Por otro lado puede estudiarse desde el punto de vista del objeto, el deterioro que podría producirse, los criterios de preservación y los requisitos visuales para una correcta percepción de los mismos. En estas consideraciones, suele afectarse directa o indirectamente la satisfacción del visitante de museos quien protagoniza una escena donde la percepción juega un rol decisivo en su experiencia y en la confirmación o no de sus expectativas previas a la visita. El abordaje de esta temática en la región noroeste de Argentina, donde un número significativo de los espacios destinados a museos se localiza en las denominadas " casas-museo " (edificios de valor patrimonial que albergaron otras funciones y hoy son museos), cuenta con un desarrollo incipiente generando continuamente situaciones de difícil resolución en la preservación de los objetos así como en la calidad de exhibición para los entes que gestionan el patrimonio en la región. El presente trabajo indaga en las correlaciones entre las condiciones ambientales, entre las cuales la luz natural o artificial juega un rol predominante, y la experiencia perceptual que de ese ambiente tienen sus visitantes. Se presentan aquí los resultados de metodologías de evaluación aplicados a casas-museo del noroeste argentino en diferentes estaciones del año correlacionando las variables ambientales de exhibición con los requerimientos de preservación y la respuesta de los visitantes.
Proceedings of the EuroSun 2014 Conference, 2015
Architecture and urban planning practice is on the front line directly applying best-case evidenc... more Architecture and urban planning practice is on the
front line directly applying best-case evidence-based
solutions to take the most of conserving and
generating energy. The excessive and inevitable
growth of cities derived in high rise building in most
of urban central areas. High rise buildings bring
together: possibilities of high density housing,
daylighting access limitations in low floors
apartments and issues related with the exploitation of
solar irradiation for renewable energies purposes.
Today’s powerful building simulation tools can be
leveraged for energy modeling during early design
phases and even to shape tomorrow’s cities
morphology. For further reductions in building
energy consumption, energy simulations done during
conceptual design has potential to impact long term
energy use both in architecture and urban planning
(Kamal et al, 2014). This paper reviews early
conceptual high rise buildings design and their
interaction with the immediate built environment
looking at the consequences in terms of daylight
availability and the potential of irradiation use for
clean energy generation (IEA, 2006).
This paper explores the possibilities of multiple building simulation tools being used together f... more This paper explores the possibilities of multiple building simulation tools being used together for the analysis and prediction of the behavior of museums’ buildings. The relationship between the exhibition of artistic or historical artifacts in museums and the role of lighting in generating an atmosphere is explored here. In conducting simulations special care was taken in the simulation of the amount of radiation reaching exposed artifacts. Results show a reasonable agreement between the simulated data and actual measurements "in situ”. It is expected that the results will be useful in decision making, either during the design process or during refurbishment intended to improve exhibition spaces capabilities in preserving artwork or historical artifacts.
Keywords: Museums - Conservation - Preservation - Simulation - Lighting – Exhibition
In recent years, the damage suffered by collections exhibited in museum rooms or in storage areas... more In recent years, the damage suffered by collections exhibited in museum rooms or in storage areas has been mostly attributed to their immediate surroundings that is, to an environment characterized by certain environmental conditions that interact positively or negatively in the physical chemical integrity of the objects. Temperature, humidity, electromagnetic radiation and environmental pollution are considered some of the agents that can deteriorate the collections. Since, generally, it is more difficult to permanently modify the environmental conditions to adapt them to the exposed collections, it is proposed here to adapt the collections to the environmental conditions when it is possible. This paper presents a development of a methodology that compares the levels measured of each environmental condition in a museum room with a table of material sensitivity, to determine the feasibility of exposure of a given object, promoting the controlled exhibition of the collections. The la...
El presente trabajo estudia la resolucion formal de la ciudad de San Miguel de Tucuman, en conjun... more El presente trabajo estudia la resolucion formal de la ciudad de San Miguel de Tucuman, en conjunto con la densificacion progresiva del tejido urbano y de edificios de su Area Central, y su estrecha relacion con el Codigo de Planificacion Urbano y la influencia del mismo en el derecho al acceso de la energia solar. Mediante simulacion, que se elabora como metodologia de estudio, se revisan los lineamientos respecto de habitabilidad, salubridad y garantias de accesibilidad de energia solar, que propone el Codigo de Planificacion Urbano y su cumplimiento en el Area Central de San Miguel de Tucuman. Se desprende de esta investigacion la propuesta de incluir la componente de energia solar en los lineamientos del Codigo de Planificacion Urbano, surge asi la idea de un Factor de Sostenibilidad Ambiental Solar (fa.s.a.s), que comprende contenidos del tipo solar, climatico, factor de vision de cielo, entre otras. Una nueva mirada de la Planificacion Urbana, que entiende la incorporacion del...
Sin embargo, la iluminación, junto con otros factores ambientales (como temperatura y humedad), p... more Sin embargo, la iluminación, junto con otros factores ambientales (como temperatura y humedad), puede modificar las propiedades de los objetos de manera significativa a lo largo de su tiempo de exposición, lo que lleva al deterioro. Por lo tanto, un dilema a resolver es: Exhibición frente a la Preservación. Altos estándares de preservación pueden llevar a malas condiciones de exposición. Por otro lado, un ambiente estimulante para la exposición puede exponer objetos valiosos a normas de conservación más bajos.
A new methodology to select light source spectral distribution for use in museums is presented. I... more A new methodology to select light source spectral distribution for use in museums is presented. It is based upon obtaining the Representative Spectral Reflectance Curve (RSRC) for each artwork and then lighting it with a light source the spectral power distribution of which is coincident in shape with the objects RSRC. This should cause minimum damage due to radiation on the object, as the deterioration of the object due to radiation is an effect of energy absorbed. In order to evaluate quality of presentation, colour differences were calculated for the three primal colours present in an artwork sample, illuminated under Illuminants D65 and under a simulated illuminant the spectral power distribution of which matches the RSRC of the illuminated object. Results are in general lower than 3 CIELAB units, considered the limit for strict tolerance in normal colour reproduction.
The focus of this thesis is the performance modelling of shading devices with regard to daylight ... more The focus of this thesis is the performance modelling of shading devices with regard to daylight illumination and thermal effect in non-domestic buildings offices, classrooms based on real time-varying conditions. The research is centred in quantifying the impact of external shading devices on energy demand for electric lighting, heating and cooling. The Unix-based Radiance lighting simulation program as the engine, and a nodal thermal model processing irradiation inputs, have been used. An adaptation of suitable calculation approaches and the development of custom-written data analysis programs have been also performed on this behalf. The thesis begins with a literature review of current practice in modelling buildings particularly examining the daylight and thermal modelling approaches used. Daylight assessment tools and shading systems are also looked at. A formulation of a novel hybrid dynamic lighting thermal model using the daylight coefficient approach and Radiance, combined ...
LEGADO de Arquitectura y Diseño, 2020
This work studies the formal resolution of the city of San Miguel de Tucumán, in conjunction with... more This work studies the formal resolution of
the city of San Miguel de Tucumán, in conjunction with the
progressive densification of the urban configuration and
buildings of its Central Area, its close relationship with the
Urban Planning Code and the influence on the right to access
solar energy. Through simulation, developed as a study
methodology, we revise the guidelines regarding habitability,
health and accessibility guarantees of solar energy, proposed
by the Urban Planning Code and its compliance in the Central
Area of San Miguel de Tucumán. Following this research
emerges a proposal to include the solar energy component
in the guidelines of the Urban Planning Code, thus arises the
idea of a Solar Environmental Sustainability Factor (fa.s.a.s)
This factor includes contents of the solar type, climate change,
sky vision factor, amongst others. A new approach to Urban
Planning, which considers the incorporation of the solar
resource as part of a design strategy for the generation of a
new urban landscape. A proposal from the sanitation and
habitability of urban areas that is being relegated to the
economic interests. The proposed innovation is more than
a change in the content of legislation and regulations in the
building maximums and minimums, it is a breakthrough
in the rights and guarantees of the inhabitants of the city in
access to solar energy as a source of light and heat.
Key words: Solar Energy, morphology, planning, solar
radiation, urban simulation.
Intervención, 2021
This research article presents the application of a model of museum visitors’ satisfaction which ... more This research article presents the application of a model of museum visitors’ satisfaction
which was developed through visitor studies in four museums in Argentina.
The model aimed to identify what influence the visitors’ own characteristics, as well
as their perception of the experience the museum offers them, had on their overall
satisfaction. Data was collected in two stages: one before the visit and another one
immediately after. This process permitted the identification of certain common patterns
to all the case studies in relation to visitors’ satisfaction, a necessary condition
to better understand their needs and behavior, in order to generate memorable
experiences.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONSERVATION SCIENCE, 2020
In recent years, the damage suffered by collections exhibited in museum rooms or in storage areas... more In recent years, the damage suffered by collections exhibited in museum rooms or in storage areas has been mostly attributed to their immediate surroundings that is, to an environment characterized by certain environmental conditions that interact positively or negatively in the physical-chemical integrity of the objects. Temperature, humidity, electromagnetic radiation and environmental pollution are considered some of the agents that can deteriorate the collections. Since, generally, it is more difficult to permanently modify the environmental conditions to adapt them to the exposed collections, it is proposed here to adapt the collections to the environmental conditions when it is possible. This paper presents a development of a methodology that compares the levels measured of each environmental condition in a museum room with a table of material sensitivity, to determine the feasibility of exposure of a given object, promoting the controlled exhibition of the collections. The large volume of data obtained from the environmental measurements requires a considerable processing time, therefore, a computational process developed in LabVIEW graphic software is included in the treatment of this special information. This automation constitutes a useful technological tool that allows correcting anomalies and favouring the prevention of collection risks.
Revista ARQUISUR, 2020
El presente trabajo es un resumen de una propuesta metodológica que permite abordar con criterio ... more El presente trabajo es un resumen de una propuesta metodológica que permite abordar con criterio científico-cuantitativo soluciones aplicadas a la problemática actual abarcando el tema de la ausencia de soluciones efectivas de diseño arquitectónico-urbano que aprovechen o resuelvan el acceso de luz natural y aseguren la habitabilidad en recintos urbanos permitiendo su aprovechamiento para captación de energía solar. Mediante simulación, que se elaboró como metodología de estudio, se revisaron los lineamientos respecto de habitabilidad, salubridad y garantías de accesibilidad de energía solar, que propone el Código de Planificación Urbano y su cumplimiento en el Área Central de San Miguel de Tucumán. Se propone un proceso de simulación sistematizado para analizar las consecuencias de la densificación, producto de la industria de la construcción en curso, aplicando una metodología para investigar los efectos reales de la puesta en práctica de las normas urbanísticas. Esta permite el análisis del potencial de producción de energía limpia en superficies expuestas a la misma, la pre-visualización y estudio de la habitabilidad de patios de edificios de gran altura y la verificación de legislaciones que necesiten ser revisadas a fin de dar una solución real y efectiva a problemas de diseño y habitabilidad.
Palabras claves: Simulación Urbana, Energía Solar, Radiación Solar, Planificación, Morfología.
The environmental control over the conditions of preservation of the objects exhibited in museums... more The environmental control over the conditions of preservation of the objects exhibited in museums and comfort in
order to satisfy visitors´ needs with their influence in their satisfaction with the visit are two inseparable aspects of
evaluation nowadays. The objective of the present work is to analyze the relationship between photometric
magnitudes measured in exhibitions, the subjective evaluation of its illumination and the overall satisfaction of the
visitors.
Objective and subjective measurements were made in two museums of S.M. of Tucumán. Luminance levels were
measured on exposed objects and surroundings, as well as vertical illuminance on objects. Simultaneously, a
subjective evaluation instrument (questionnaire) was developed and implemented with volunteer visitors. The
relationships of luminances and illuminance levels in each museum were analyzed and contrasted with the data
obtained from the surveys. In the first museum the highest levels of luminance were found on the environment and
not on the objects and the range of illuminances were between 20 and 250 lx; In the second museum, the opposite
was presented regarding the luminance relationships and the range of illuminance was between 50 to 400lx.
Visitors perceived a level of illumination from medium to low in the first museum and 61% perceived poorly lit
areas, while in the second they perceived a high level of lighting and only 14% perceived poorly lit areas. Overall
satisfaction with the visit to both museums presented similar values.
Taking into account the regulations and recommendations on maximum levels of illuminance allowed for
preservation and conservation, it would be possible to make lighting designs for museums that offer comfort and
visual quality using other variables, for example, luminance distribution and figure to background relationships.
Resumen— La cuestión de la exhibición y preservación de los bienes culturales en general y del pa... more Resumen— La cuestión de la exhibición y preservación de los bienes culturales en general y del patrimonio de un museo en particular puede estudiarse atendiendo tanto a las características del espacio que contiene al museo: el contenedor; como a las del contenido (los objetos y su forma de exhibición). Esto genera desafíos diversos en el campo de la investigación, por un lado pueden estudiarse las condiciones constructivas del museo que generan condiciones ambientales y arquitectónicas (termohigrométricas y de iluminación) bajo las que se realiza la exhibición. Por otro lado puede estudiarse desde el punto de vista del objeto, el deterioro que podría producirse, los criterios de preservación y los requisitos visuales para una correcta percepción de los mismos. En estas consideraciones, suele afectarse directa o indirectamente la satisfacción del visitante de museos quien protagoniza una escena donde la percepción juega un rol decisivo en su experiencia y en la confirmación o no de sus expectativas previas a la visita. El abordaje de esta temática en la región noroeste de Argentina, donde un número significativo de los espacios destinados a museos se localiza en las denominadas " casas-museo " (edificios de valor patrimonial que albergaron otras funciones y hoy son museos), cuenta con un desarrollo incipiente generando continuamente situaciones de difícil resolución en la preservación de los objetos así como en la calidad de exhibición para los entes que gestionan el patrimonio en la región. El presente trabajo indaga en las correlaciones entre las condiciones ambientales, entre las cuales la luz natural o artificial juega un rol predominante, y la experiencia perceptual que de ese ambiente tienen sus visitantes. Se presentan aquí los resultados de metodologías de evaluación aplicados a casas-museo del noroeste argentino en diferentes estaciones del año correlacionando las variables ambientales de exhibición con los requerimientos de preservación y la respuesta de los visitantes.
Proceedings of the EuroSun 2014 Conference, 2015
Architecture and urban planning practice is on the front line directly applying best-case evidenc... more Architecture and urban planning practice is on the
front line directly applying best-case evidence-based
solutions to take the most of conserving and
generating energy. The excessive and inevitable
growth of cities derived in high rise building in most
of urban central areas. High rise buildings bring
together: possibilities of high density housing,
daylighting access limitations in low floors
apartments and issues related with the exploitation of
solar irradiation for renewable energies purposes.
Today’s powerful building simulation tools can be
leveraged for energy modeling during early design
phases and even to shape tomorrow’s cities
morphology. For further reductions in building
energy consumption, energy simulations done during
conceptual design has potential to impact long term
energy use both in architecture and urban planning
(Kamal et al, 2014). This paper reviews early
conceptual high rise buildings design and their
interaction with the immediate built environment
looking at the consequences in terms of daylight
availability and the potential of irradiation use for
clean energy generation (IEA, 2006).
This paper explores the possibilities of multiple building simulation tools being used together f... more This paper explores the possibilities of multiple building simulation tools being used together for the analysis and prediction of the behavior of museums’ buildings. The relationship between the exhibition of artistic or historical artifacts in museums and the role of lighting in generating an atmosphere is explored here. In conducting simulations special care was taken in the simulation of the amount of radiation reaching exposed artifacts. Results show a reasonable agreement between the simulated data and actual measurements "in situ”. It is expected that the results will be useful in decision making, either during the design process or during refurbishment intended to improve exhibition spaces capabilities in preserving artwork or historical artifacts.
Keywords: Museums - Conservation - Preservation - Simulation - Lighting – Exhibition
LUXAMERICA , 2018
Resumen: El presente trabajo muestra el proceso de desarrollo del proyecto de iluminación del Mus... more Resumen: El presente trabajo muestra el proceso de desarrollo del proyecto de iluminación del Museo de la Ciudad de San Miguel de Tucumán en la denominada Casa Sucar. Esta casa es parte del patrimonio cultural arquitectónico de la ciudad y fue rescatado recientemente por la Municipalidad mediante la expropiación de la propiedad. Se destinara museo de la ciudad. La participación de restauradores, guionistas, historiadores de la arquitectura, museógrafos, diseñadores de interiores, urbanistas, paisajistas y otras tantas profesiones representan un desafío a la participación de los diseñadores de iluminación. En este contexto la iluminación es requerida desde numerosos puntos de vista lo que implica buscar un equilibrio entre los aspectos relacionados con la ambientación, recuperación y exhibición. Ambientación y recuperación de lo que fuera una casa de familia para transformarlo en un espacio público para el disfrute de ciudadanos y turistas y las potencialidades de los espacios expositivos que deben tenerse en cuenta. En este caso se plantea recuperar la envolvente arquitectónica con las características que tuvo según se pudo investigar mediante relatos y cateos in situ. En el exterior se plantea una recuperación de los espacios verdes que originalmente tuvo con una reinterpretación según el estilo de la vivienda y el contexto climático de la ciudad. En el interior se han determinado sucesivos espacios de exhibición donde contar la historia de la ciudad. Los espacios, en muchos casos, cambian significativamente sus funciones y la iluminación debe acompañar estos cambios mientras exhibe tanto la arquitectura como las muestras que colgaran de sus muros. En este trabajo se presentan las consideraciones desde los puntos de vista patrimonial, técnico-constructivo, paisajístico, artístico y tecnológico hubo que hacer con la iluminación a fin de atender a las funciones de la casa. Se presentan también los resultados finales del proyecto al momento de la apertura del nuevo Museo de la Ciudad. Abstract: This paper presents the development of the lighting design project process for the City Museum of of San Miguel de Tucumán within the so-called Casa Sucar. The house is part of the architectural heritage of the city and was recently rescued by the Municipality through the expropriation of the property. The involvement of restoration and history professional's, museographers, interior designers, urban planners, landscape designers and many other professions represent a challenge to the contribution of lighting designers. In this context, lighting is required from many points of view, which implies seeking a balance between the aspects related to setting, restoration and exhibition. The challenge is to take in account the setting and the restoration of what was a family home to transform it into a public space for the enjoyment of citizens and tourists and the potential of the exhibition spaces. It has been proposed to recover the architectural envelope with the characteristics that it had as it could be investigated through history and in situ searches. Throughout the exterior a resurgence of the green spaces that originally had with a reinterpretation according to the style of the house and the climatic context of the city are proposed. In the interior, a group of exhibition spaces have been determined in order to tell the history of the city. The spaces, in many cases, significantly change their functions and the lighting design must accompany these changes while exhibiting both the architecture and the objects within them. In this paper we present the considerations from the patrimonial, technical-constructive, landscape, artistic and technological points of view had to do with lighting aiming to attend to the functions of the house. The final results of the project are also presented at the opening of the new Museum of the City
Lighting design in Museums in Argentina is not particularly oriented to meet visitors' satisfact... more Lighting design in Museums in Argentina is not particularly oriented to meet visitors' satisfaction. Lighting is aimed at meeting quantitative requirements for objects’ conservation and preservation. Visitors' visual comfort and quality of exhibitions are not properly considered to meet their satisfaction with the visit.
This study aims to analyze the relationship between measured illuminance levels in exhibitions, the subjective evaluation of lighting and overall satisfaction of visitors.
Visitors' subjective assessments of lighting, and oveall satisfaction were carried out in two museums in San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina:
• Museo Casa Histórica de la Independencia (1st museum – high symbolic connotation; natural and artificial light)
• Museo de Arte Sacro de Tucumán (2nd museum – unfrequented; mostly artificial light)
Data collection was done through a survey (questionnaire), based on findings of relevant literature on museums, with four sections of information considered relevant for visitors' satisfaction and divided into two parts
The environmental impact generated by the residential sector on energy consumption is estimated a... more The environmental impact generated by the residential sector on energy consumption is estimated at approximately 40%. Architecture and urban planning practice is on the front line directly applying best-case evidence-based solutions to make the most of conserving and generating energy. The excessive and inevitable growth of cities derived in both high and low rise building in most of urban central areas to accomplish social and regular housing demands. Simultaneously, a sustained development of clean energy production technologies and computer simulation allows for an increasingly more accurate prediction of the potential that the architectural morphology possesses on the production of clean energies. High rise buildings bring together: possibilities of high density housing, daylighting access limitations in low floor apartments and issues related with the exploitation of solar irradiation for renewable energy purposes. Today's powerful building simulation tools can be leveraged for energy modeling during early design phases and even to shape the morphology of tomorrow's cities. For further reductions in building energy consumption, energy simulations done during conceptual design have potential to impact long term energy use both in architecture and urban planning. This paper reviews early conceptual designs of buildings and their interaction with the immediate built environment looking at the consequences in terms of daylight availability and the potential of irradiation use for clean energy generation.
El creciente aprovechamiento de los avances en tecnología y comunicación de las últimas décadas d... more El creciente aprovechamiento de los avances en
tecnología y comunicación de las últimas décadas del siglo XX en el
campo del Patrimonio Cultural ha resultado beneficioso en el
conocimiento y la difusión exponencial del mismo en la sociedad,
facilitando su preservación y permitiendo intervenciones de
restauración más eficaces y seguras.
En el caso de intervenciones en emplazamientos arqueológicos,
en muchos casos se requiere del auxilio de estas tecnologías a fin de
cooperar en la comprensión de su identidad cultural. Entre las
nuevas tecnologías de visualización e iluminación, encontramos que
la técnica del video mapping cumple con tres condiciones que hacen
efectiva su aplicación en sitios arqueológicos: en primer lugar,
mediante la proyección de una virtualidad, los monumentos del
pasado pierden transitoriamente su apariencia inmutable en
beneficio de una plataforma de infinitas imágenes en movimiento,
añadiendo información adicional que contribuye a una correcta
comprensión del bien cultural. En segundo lugar, esta técnica
respeta la conservación del patrimonio debido a que las capas de
material virtual no dañan el objeto intervenido. Finalmente, el
video mapping como medio de comunicación con el público,
mediante el uso de recursos monumentales y sorprendentes, monta
un espectáculo de alto impacto a los espectadores, contribuyendo de
esta forma a la cohesión entre lo social y lo identitario.
El presente trabajo consiste en una propuesta de aplicación de
esta técnica en sitios arqueológicos partiendo de una revisión del
estado del arte de la aplicación de la tecnología del video mapping
en el patrimonio cultural. Se espera que este trabajo contribuya a la
transposición de técnicas de uso comercial frecuente aplicadas a los
objetivos de facilitar una correcta percepción y contextualización de
fragmentos arqueológicos proporcionando una lectura más
accesible de la arqueología y, en consecuencia, contribuir a un
fortalecimiento de la identidad cultural. Se presentan propuestas a
un caso de estudio: La reserva arqueológica Los Menhires situada
en la localidad de El Mollar (Tucumán, Argentina), declarada
Patrimonio Arqueológico de la Nación en 1993.
El Museo Casa Histórica de la Independencia, monumento histórico nacional y símbolo de nuestra in... more El Museo Casa Histórica de la Independencia, monumento histórico nacional y símbolo de nuestra independencia, exhibe una combinación de elementos originales y escenográficos representantes de la cosmovisión de la época y de los hechos acontecidos en el marco del día de la jura. Exhibición y conservación son dos caras de una misma realidad, en particular en las denominadas “casas-museo” (Pinna, 2000) (Risnicoff de Gorgas, 2001), donde las condiciones higrotérmicas interiores están gobernadas por las condiciones higrotérmicas del clima local, debido a que la mayoría de estos edificios no cuentan con sistemas de acondicionamiento ambiental de ningún tipo (Michalski, 2009). Esto, en un clima como el de Tucumán, supone tanto un riesgo para la preservación y conservación del acervo museológico, como para la satisfacción de los visitantes de esos espacios (Ajmat, et al. 2011).
El trabajo que aquí se presenta analiza las condiciones ambientales interiores de las salas de exposición (humedad, temperatura, iluminación), su influencia en el confort del usuario y el posible impacto en los objetos exhibidos en su interior. El análisis busca correlacionar registros de valores de humedad, temperatura e iluminación interior con encuestas de satisfacción de usuarios (lumínica e higrotérmica) realizadas “in situ”.