Elsadig Elhadi | University of Khartoum (original) (raw)

Papers by Elsadig Elhadi

Copyright © 2011 Hussien H. Daffalla et al. This is an open access article distributed under the ... more Copyright © 2011 Hussien H. Daffalla et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The percent study describes the in vitro responses of mature zygotic embryos of Boscia senegalensis to different concentrations (0.0–5.0 mg/L) of 6-benzyladnine (BA), Thidiazuron (TDZ), α-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), and 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) supplemented on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS). The plant growth regulators (PGRs) were considerably affected the morphogenetic responses. BA produced adventitious shoots through two ways: direct organogenesis and auxiliary shoot formation. Both 2, 4-D and TDZ tend to produce callus, whereas NAA improve the development of embryos to seedlings. Maximum number of shoots/explant (14.8 ± 0.6) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/L BA. 67.0 % of excised shoots...

Low organic matter content, low water holding capacity and low nutrients retention are the major ... more Low organic matter content, low water holding capacity and low nutrients retention are the major problems in the soils of the dune in desertified area. These unfavourable conditions make sand dune fixation programme unsustainable. Application of organic waste as a fertiliser source not only improves sandy soil fertility, it also improves the physical and chemical properties of the dunes and provides effective methods for disposal of wastes. Sand dune fixation experiment was conducted in 2009 by planting seedlings of Salvadora persica L. in Elrawakeeb Dry Land Station located West of Omdurman between latitudes 15◦2’–15◦36’ North longitudes 32◦0’–32◦10’ East. The seedlings were treated with following treatments: chicken manure (CH), chicken manure combined with sawdust (CH + SW), sawdust combined with inorganic fertiliser (SW+IF), sewage sludge (SS) , sewage sludge combined with sawdust (SS+SW), sawdust alone (SW) and control (C) . Each treatment was assigned to a plot of 2 m × 2 m an...

Recycling of crop residues is essential to maintain integrated and sustainable agricultural manag... more Recycling of crop residues is essential to maintain integrated and sustainable agricultural management system. Thus, it is of crucial importance to study the decomposition of crop residues particularly in arid tropics. A litterbag experiment was carried out during June August 2010 on a sandy soil at the experimental farm of Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan. Such an area (15°19.9 N, 32°39 ́E, and with an elevation of 381 m above the sea level) lies within the arid zone of the country. Straw from wheat (Triticum aestivum) and residue from guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) were placed inside nylon 2 mm mesh bags (20 cm X 10 cm) and buried in the soil (5 cm below surface) in the field with a wheat-guar rotation system. A total of 24 bags for wheat and equal number for guar residues were placed in a field plot. Four bags of each residue type were retrieved at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks of decomposition. The decomposed tissues were analyzed for remaining dry matter weight (DMW),...

Recycling of crop residues is essential to maintain integrated and sustainable agricultural manag... more Recycling of crop residues is essential to maintain integrated and sustainable agricultural management system. Thus, it is of crucial importance to study the decomposition of crop residues particularly in arid tropics. A litterbag experiment was carried out during June August 2010 on a sandy soil at the experimental farm of Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan. Such an area (15°19.9 N, 32°39 ́E, and with an elevation of 381 m above the sea level) lies within the arid zone of the country. Straw from wheat (Triticum aestivum) and residue from guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) were placed inside nylon 2 mm mesh bags (20 cm X 10 cm) and buried in the soil (5 cm below surface) in the field with a wheat-guar rotation system. A total of 24 bags for wheat and equal number for guar residues were placed in a field plot. Four bags of each residue type were retrieved at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks of decomposition. The decomposed tissues were analyzed for remaining dry matter weight (DMW),...

The parasitic weed Striga hermonthica poses a serious threat to cereal production in Sudan. Seeds... more The parasitic weed Striga hermonthica poses a serious threat to cereal production in Sudan. Seeds of Striga hermonthica were exposed to 25, 50, 75, 100 and 150 mM NaCl solutions during their preconditioning period (for 10 days) under laboratory conditions and induced to germinate by synthetic germination stimulant (GR24). Seed germination was decreased significantly with the increase in salt solution concentration. Striga germination was reduced by 79% at salinity level of 150 mM. Haustorium initiation in response to sorghum root macerate showed differential re sponse to s alinity. Significant reduction in haustorium initiation was observed only at salinity level of 150 mM. It reduced haustorium initiation by 66% than the corresponding control. In the pot experiment, the effects of salt stress on Striga incidence were investigated. Soil saturated with 75 mM NaCl resulted in complete absence of Striga emergence. While sorghum treated with 50 mM NaCl sustained the least Striga infesta...

A field experiment was conducted at the Demonstration farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Omdurma... more A field experiment was conducted at the Demonstration farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Omdurman Islamic University during the period from December 2004 to May 2006 to evaluate the effects of three seedbed preparatio n (sowing on flat, on ridges and on mustaba), and two levels of potassium fertilizer ( 0 and 50 kg ha -1 ), using two alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) cultivars, Hegazi (a local cultivar) and Alfanafa (an exotic cultivar). A Rand omized Complete Block Design with four replications in a factorial experi ment was used to layout the experiment in the field. The first cut was done 70 days after sowing and the subsequent ones were done monthly. Parameters measured include plant height, fresh and dry weight and yield and yield components . Seedbed types significantly increased fresh and dry yields. And plant height in 3 rd , 5 th and 7 th cuts. Potassium application was significant effect on plant height in the 6 th cut and on fresh weight in the 1 st and 7 th cut. Addition of...

An in vitro tissue culture experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of supplementa... more An in vitro tissue culture experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of supplementary potassium and calcium nitrate applied to basal media on morphogenesis of saline stressed tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. Cv. Omdurman). Shoot tip explants were cultured on MS media salinized with NaCl and supplemented with KNO3 and Ca (NO3)2. Treatments consist of four NaCl concentrations (0.0, 50, 75 and 100 mM) in combination with either KNO3 ( 0.0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mM) or Ca (NO3)2 (0.0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mM). Salinity significantly reduced the root growth, shoot growth and whole plant growth. Root growth was more reduced by the presence of NaCl in growth media than shoot growth. Application of supplemental calcium nitrate (20 mM) and potassium nitrate (15 mM) resulted in mitigation of the harmful effect of NaCl on tomato growth. However Ca (NO3)2 at 20 mM has negative effect on tomato shoot tip rooting %. In non salinized media, the best root and shoot growth was observed at ...

粘土科学討論会講演要旨集, 2000

... ISSN, 巻, 号, ページ, 出版者, 参考文献, 出版年, 年から 年まで. すべて CiNiiに本文あり CiNiiに本文あり、または連携サービスへのリンクあり. B1 Effe... more ... ISSN, 巻, 号, ページ, 出版者, 参考文献, 出版年, 年から 年まで. すべて CiNiiに本文あり CiNiiに本文あり、または連携サービスへのリンクあり. B1 Effect of Concentration and pH on the Adsorption of Molybdate on Nano-balll Allophane. ELSADIG ELHADI; Fac.Agric.,Ehime Univ. ...

Journal of Zhejiang University-science B, 2011

This report describes in vitro micropropagation of Boscia senegalensis, so-called famine foods, t... more This report describes in vitro micropropagation of Boscia senegalensis, so-called famine foods, that helped the people in Darfur and Kordofan, Sudan survive during the 1984–1985 famine. Four types of explants prepared from green mature zygotic embryos were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium augmented with 1–5 mg/L 6-benzyladenine (BA). The highest number of shoots per explant (14.3±0.9) was achieved

African Journal of Biotechnology, Aug 12, 2010

In vitro culture response was assessed in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. c. v. Omdurman) f... more In vitro culture response was assessed in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. c. v. Omdurman) for optimum callus induction and plantlet regeneration. Callus induction was achieved within seven to ten days directly on the cut surfaces of both hypocotyls and cotyledon explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), Thidiazuron (TDZ) and benzyl adenine (BA) alone or in different combinations, but not in hormone free-medium. The highest callusing index (5.3) was obtained on hypocotyls explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with NAA at 0.5 mg/l followed by an index of 5.2 obtained from the same explant by using 0.1 mg/l NAA in combination with BAP at 0.5 mg/l. However, for the cotyledon explants, the highest callusing index (4.7) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with NAA at either 2.0 or 3.0 mg/l. After 8 weeks of culture, organogenesis was observed only on the explants cultured on medium containing different concentrations of TDZ alone or in combination with BAP. The best shoot formation (93%) was obtained for cotyledon explant callus induced on MS medium containing TDZ in combination with BAP both at 0.5 mg/l. The highest number (6) of shoot per explant was obtained when cotyledon explant callus was sub cultured on MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/l TDZ. Plain half strength of MS was found to be the best rooting medium, however, addition of IAA at 1.0 mg/l and IBA at 2.0 mg/l were found essential to induce highest number of roots (22.1 ± 0.9) and longer roots (11.0 ± 0.3 cm), respectively. This protocol would be useful to create somaclonal variation and utilize transgenic approaches for varietal improvement of tomato.

Biotechnology research international, 2011

The percent study describes the in vitro responses of mature zygotic embryos of Boscia senegalens... more The percent study describes the in vitro responses of mature zygotic embryos of Boscia senegalensis to different concentrations (0.0-5.0 mg/L) of 6-benzyladnine (BA), Thidiazuron (TDZ), α-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), and 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) supplemented on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS). The plant growth regulators (PGRs) were considerably affected the morphogenetic responses. BA produced adventitious shoots through two ways: direct organogenesis and auxiliary shoot formation. Both 2, 4-D and TDZ tend to produce callus, whereas NAA improve the development of embryos to seedlings. Maximum number of shoots/explant (14.8 ± 0.6) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/L BA. 67.0% of excised shoots were rooted either on 1/2 MS medium augmented with or without 0.25 mg/L IBA. The highest number of roots (1.2 ± 0.4) and root length (0.5 ± 0.2 cm) was produced on 0.25 mg/L IBA-containing medium. Regenerated plants were successfully acclimatized and transfer...

A field experiment was conducted in the Experimental Research Farm of Omdurman Islamic University... more A field experiment was conducted in the Experimental Research Farm of Omdurman Islamic University, Sudan to determine short-term effect of irrigation intervals (7 and 10 days) and sun-dried or composted sewage sludge, recommended mineral fertilizer on straw dry matter yield (SDMY) and N, P and K content of fodder sorghum and soil properties. In the 7 and 10 days irrigation intervals, composted, sun-dried sludge and mineral fertilizer have significantly increased SDMY over the control by 51, 98, 67 and 78, 19, 33%, respectively. Apparent N use efficiency (ANUE) in composted and sun dried plots irrigated at either 7 or 10 days was 9-36 and 16-74%, respectively. Reducing the irrigation interval has significantly increased salinity by 13%. Increasing irrigation interval has decreased bulk density by 5%. It could be concluded that, application of composted sludge is a useful practice for improvement of soil properties and consequent yield increase.

Background: Improving levels of organic matter in desert soils is necessary for their cultivation... more Background: Improving levels of organic matter in desert soils is necessary for their cultivation. A two-year study (2008 to 2010) was conducted on a sandy clay loam soil at the experimental research farm of the Omdurman Islamic University, Sudan to determine the effect of application of crop residue, sewage sludge, and humentos on selected soil properties in wheat-guar crop rotation system. Treatments were recommended inorganic fertilizer (125 kg N ha −1 and 92 kg P ha −1), recommended inorganic fertilizer with crop residues, crop residue, sewage sludge (10 t ha −1), humentos soil conditioner (200 L ha −1), and control. Results: Results showed that soil physical properties were not significantly changed except soil water holding capacity. Application of crop residues with recommended fertilizer and sewage sludge for three seasons significantly increased cation exchange capacity and organic carbon by 57.15 % to 60.95 % and 61.0 % to 65.2 %, respectively. Moreover, combined application of crop residues with recommended inorganic fertilizer and sewage sludge had significantly decreased topsoil pH. Conclusions: The results showed that judicious combined application of organic wastes with inorganic fertilizers could be a useful practice in sustaining fertility of poor sandy soils.

Background Recycling of crop residues is essential to sustain soil fertility and crop production.... more Background Recycling of crop residues is essential to sustain soil fertility and crop production. Therefore, it is of crucial importance to study the decomposition of crop residues particularly in the arid tropics. The decomposition and nutrient release pattern from crop residues

Copyright © 2011 Hussien H. Daffalla et al. This is an open access article distributed under the ... more Copyright © 2011 Hussien H. Daffalla et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The percent study describes the in vitro responses of mature zygotic embryos of Boscia senegalensis to different concentrations (0.0–5.0 mg/L) of 6-benzyladnine (BA), Thidiazuron (TDZ), α-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), and 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) supplemented on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS). The plant growth regulators (PGRs) were considerably affected the morphogenetic responses. BA produced adventitious shoots through two ways: direct organogenesis and auxiliary shoot formation. Both 2, 4-D and TDZ tend to produce callus, whereas NAA improve the development of embryos to seedlings. Maximum number of shoots/explant (14.8 ± 0.6) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/L BA. 67.0 % of excised shoots...

Low organic matter content, low water holding capacity and low nutrients retention are the major ... more Low organic matter content, low water holding capacity and low nutrients retention are the major problems in the soils of the dune in desertified area. These unfavourable conditions make sand dune fixation programme unsustainable. Application of organic waste as a fertiliser source not only improves sandy soil fertility, it also improves the physical and chemical properties of the dunes and provides effective methods for disposal of wastes. Sand dune fixation experiment was conducted in 2009 by planting seedlings of Salvadora persica L. in Elrawakeeb Dry Land Station located West of Omdurman between latitudes 15◦2’–15◦36’ North longitudes 32◦0’–32◦10’ East. The seedlings were treated with following treatments: chicken manure (CH), chicken manure combined with sawdust (CH + SW), sawdust combined with inorganic fertiliser (SW+IF), sewage sludge (SS) , sewage sludge combined with sawdust (SS+SW), sawdust alone (SW) and control (C) . Each treatment was assigned to a plot of 2 m × 2 m an...

Recycling of crop residues is essential to maintain integrated and sustainable agricultural manag... more Recycling of crop residues is essential to maintain integrated and sustainable agricultural management system. Thus, it is of crucial importance to study the decomposition of crop residues particularly in arid tropics. A litterbag experiment was carried out during June August 2010 on a sandy soil at the experimental farm of Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan. Such an area (15°19.9 N, 32°39 ́E, and with an elevation of 381 m above the sea level) lies within the arid zone of the country. Straw from wheat (Triticum aestivum) and residue from guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) were placed inside nylon 2 mm mesh bags (20 cm X 10 cm) and buried in the soil (5 cm below surface) in the field with a wheat-guar rotation system. A total of 24 bags for wheat and equal number for guar residues were placed in a field plot. Four bags of each residue type were retrieved at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks of decomposition. The decomposed tissues were analyzed for remaining dry matter weight (DMW),...

Recycling of crop residues is essential to maintain integrated and sustainable agricultural manag... more Recycling of crop residues is essential to maintain integrated and sustainable agricultural management system. Thus, it is of crucial importance to study the decomposition of crop residues particularly in arid tropics. A litterbag experiment was carried out during June August 2010 on a sandy soil at the experimental farm of Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan. Such an area (15°19.9 N, 32°39 ́E, and with an elevation of 381 m above the sea level) lies within the arid zone of the country. Straw from wheat (Triticum aestivum) and residue from guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) were placed inside nylon 2 mm mesh bags (20 cm X 10 cm) and buried in the soil (5 cm below surface) in the field with a wheat-guar rotation system. A total of 24 bags for wheat and equal number for guar residues were placed in a field plot. Four bags of each residue type were retrieved at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks of decomposition. The decomposed tissues were analyzed for remaining dry matter weight (DMW),...

The parasitic weed Striga hermonthica poses a serious threat to cereal production in Sudan. Seeds... more The parasitic weed Striga hermonthica poses a serious threat to cereal production in Sudan. Seeds of Striga hermonthica were exposed to 25, 50, 75, 100 and 150 mM NaCl solutions during their preconditioning period (for 10 days) under laboratory conditions and induced to germinate by synthetic germination stimulant (GR24). Seed germination was decreased significantly with the increase in salt solution concentration. Striga germination was reduced by 79% at salinity level of 150 mM. Haustorium initiation in response to sorghum root macerate showed differential re sponse to s alinity. Significant reduction in haustorium initiation was observed only at salinity level of 150 mM. It reduced haustorium initiation by 66% than the corresponding control. In the pot experiment, the effects of salt stress on Striga incidence were investigated. Soil saturated with 75 mM NaCl resulted in complete absence of Striga emergence. While sorghum treated with 50 mM NaCl sustained the least Striga infesta...

A field experiment was conducted at the Demonstration farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Omdurma... more A field experiment was conducted at the Demonstration farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Omdurman Islamic University during the period from December 2004 to May 2006 to evaluate the effects of three seedbed preparatio n (sowing on flat, on ridges and on mustaba), and two levels of potassium fertilizer ( 0 and 50 kg ha -1 ), using two alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) cultivars, Hegazi (a local cultivar) and Alfanafa (an exotic cultivar). A Rand omized Complete Block Design with four replications in a factorial experi ment was used to layout the experiment in the field. The first cut was done 70 days after sowing and the subsequent ones were done monthly. Parameters measured include plant height, fresh and dry weight and yield and yield components . Seedbed types significantly increased fresh and dry yields. And plant height in 3 rd , 5 th and 7 th cuts. Potassium application was significant effect on plant height in the 6 th cut and on fresh weight in the 1 st and 7 th cut. Addition of...

An in vitro tissue culture experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of supplementa... more An in vitro tissue culture experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of supplementary potassium and calcium nitrate applied to basal media on morphogenesis of saline stressed tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. Cv. Omdurman). Shoot tip explants were cultured on MS media salinized with NaCl and supplemented with KNO3 and Ca (NO3)2. Treatments consist of four NaCl concentrations (0.0, 50, 75 and 100 mM) in combination with either KNO3 ( 0.0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mM) or Ca (NO3)2 (0.0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mM). Salinity significantly reduced the root growth, shoot growth and whole plant growth. Root growth was more reduced by the presence of NaCl in growth media than shoot growth. Application of supplemental calcium nitrate (20 mM) and potassium nitrate (15 mM) resulted in mitigation of the harmful effect of NaCl on tomato growth. However Ca (NO3)2 at 20 mM has negative effect on tomato shoot tip rooting %. In non salinized media, the best root and shoot growth was observed at ...

粘土科学討論会講演要旨集, 2000

... ISSN, 巻, 号, ページ, 出版者, 参考文献, 出版年, 年から 年まで. すべて CiNiiに本文あり CiNiiに本文あり、または連携サービスへのリンクあり. B1 Effe... more ... ISSN, 巻, 号, ページ, 出版者, 参考文献, 出版年, 年から 年まで. すべて CiNiiに本文あり CiNiiに本文あり、または連携サービスへのリンクあり. B1 Effect of Concentration and pH on the Adsorption of Molybdate on Nano-balll Allophane. ELSADIG ELHADI; Fac.Agric.,Ehime Univ. ...

Journal of Zhejiang University-science B, 2011

This report describes in vitro micropropagation of Boscia senegalensis, so-called famine foods, t... more This report describes in vitro micropropagation of Boscia senegalensis, so-called famine foods, that helped the people in Darfur and Kordofan, Sudan survive during the 1984–1985 famine. Four types of explants prepared from green mature zygotic embryos were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium augmented with 1–5 mg/L 6-benzyladenine (BA). The highest number of shoots per explant (14.3±0.9) was achieved

African Journal of Biotechnology, Aug 12, 2010

In vitro culture response was assessed in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. c. v. Omdurman) f... more In vitro culture response was assessed in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. c. v. Omdurman) for optimum callus induction and plantlet regeneration. Callus induction was achieved within seven to ten days directly on the cut surfaces of both hypocotyls and cotyledon explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), Thidiazuron (TDZ) and benzyl adenine (BA) alone or in different combinations, but not in hormone free-medium. The highest callusing index (5.3) was obtained on hypocotyls explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with NAA at 0.5 mg/l followed by an index of 5.2 obtained from the same explant by using 0.1 mg/l NAA in combination with BAP at 0.5 mg/l. However, for the cotyledon explants, the highest callusing index (4.7) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with NAA at either 2.0 or 3.0 mg/l. After 8 weeks of culture, organogenesis was observed only on the explants cultured on medium containing different concentrations of TDZ alone or in combination with BAP. The best shoot formation (93%) was obtained for cotyledon explant callus induced on MS medium containing TDZ in combination with BAP both at 0.5 mg/l. The highest number (6) of shoot per explant was obtained when cotyledon explant callus was sub cultured on MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/l TDZ. Plain half strength of MS was found to be the best rooting medium, however, addition of IAA at 1.0 mg/l and IBA at 2.0 mg/l were found essential to induce highest number of roots (22.1 ± 0.9) and longer roots (11.0 ± 0.3 cm), respectively. This protocol would be useful to create somaclonal variation and utilize transgenic approaches for varietal improvement of tomato.

Biotechnology research international, 2011

The percent study describes the in vitro responses of mature zygotic embryos of Boscia senegalens... more The percent study describes the in vitro responses of mature zygotic embryos of Boscia senegalensis to different concentrations (0.0-5.0 mg/L) of 6-benzyladnine (BA), Thidiazuron (TDZ), α-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), and 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) supplemented on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS). The plant growth regulators (PGRs) were considerably affected the morphogenetic responses. BA produced adventitious shoots through two ways: direct organogenesis and auxiliary shoot formation. Both 2, 4-D and TDZ tend to produce callus, whereas NAA improve the development of embryos to seedlings. Maximum number of shoots/explant (14.8 ± 0.6) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/L BA. 67.0% of excised shoots were rooted either on 1/2 MS medium augmented with or without 0.25 mg/L IBA. The highest number of roots (1.2 ± 0.4) and root length (0.5 ± 0.2 cm) was produced on 0.25 mg/L IBA-containing medium. Regenerated plants were successfully acclimatized and transfer...

A field experiment was conducted in the Experimental Research Farm of Omdurman Islamic University... more A field experiment was conducted in the Experimental Research Farm of Omdurman Islamic University, Sudan to determine short-term effect of irrigation intervals (7 and 10 days) and sun-dried or composted sewage sludge, recommended mineral fertilizer on straw dry matter yield (SDMY) and N, P and K content of fodder sorghum and soil properties. In the 7 and 10 days irrigation intervals, composted, sun-dried sludge and mineral fertilizer have significantly increased SDMY over the control by 51, 98, 67 and 78, 19, 33%, respectively. Apparent N use efficiency (ANUE) in composted and sun dried plots irrigated at either 7 or 10 days was 9-36 and 16-74%, respectively. Reducing the irrigation interval has significantly increased salinity by 13%. Increasing irrigation interval has decreased bulk density by 5%. It could be concluded that, application of composted sludge is a useful practice for improvement of soil properties and consequent yield increase.

Background: Improving levels of organic matter in desert soils is necessary for their cultivation... more Background: Improving levels of organic matter in desert soils is necessary for their cultivation. A two-year study (2008 to 2010) was conducted on a sandy clay loam soil at the experimental research farm of the Omdurman Islamic University, Sudan to determine the effect of application of crop residue, sewage sludge, and humentos on selected soil properties in wheat-guar crop rotation system. Treatments were recommended inorganic fertilizer (125 kg N ha −1 and 92 kg P ha −1), recommended inorganic fertilizer with crop residues, crop residue, sewage sludge (10 t ha −1), humentos soil conditioner (200 L ha −1), and control. Results: Results showed that soil physical properties were not significantly changed except soil water holding capacity. Application of crop residues with recommended fertilizer and sewage sludge for three seasons significantly increased cation exchange capacity and organic carbon by 57.15 % to 60.95 % and 61.0 % to 65.2 %, respectively. Moreover, combined application of crop residues with recommended inorganic fertilizer and sewage sludge had significantly decreased topsoil pH. Conclusions: The results showed that judicious combined application of organic wastes with inorganic fertilizers could be a useful practice in sustaining fertility of poor sandy soils.

Background Recycling of crop residues is essential to sustain soil fertility and crop production.... more Background Recycling of crop residues is essential to sustain soil fertility and crop production. Therefore, it is of crucial importance to study the decomposition of crop residues particularly in the arid tropics. The decomposition and nutrient release pattern from crop residues