Kamil Mirghani | University of Khartoum (original) (raw)

Papers by Kamil Mirghani

Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 2009

The British Journal of Psychiatry, 1993

A community study was conducted to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and syndromes ... more A community study was conducted to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and syndromes in 11–16-year-old girls. Girls from three secondary schools (1072 girls in total) were administered questionnaires and 375 were selected for direct interview. The estimated prevalence for current major depressive disorder (within the past month) for the population was 3.6%, and for the past year was 6.0%. Scores on the self-report questionnaire of mood disturbance increased with age, as did the prevalence of depressive disorder. A large proportion of interviewed girls reported depressive symptoms which did not meet the DSM-III-R criteria for major depressive disorder. The estimated prevalence of this ‘partial syndrome’ group was 8.9% for a current episode and 20.7% for the past year.


American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences, 2017

One of the challenges regarding quality of care at primary care level is diabetic wound services;... more One of the challenges regarding quality of care at primary care level is diabetic wound services; where the nurses are the pillar in wound care. The study objective was to determine the perception of nurses regarding the diabetic wound services in the health centers. A descriptive qualitative study carried in Khartoum State Sudan targeted nurses at the health centers. Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was carried out using semi-structured open ended questions. Saturation of information was obtained after four FGD sessions resulted in 26 nurses. Informed consent was signed and obtained from each nurse. Two independent qualified researchers carried out content analysis of the recorded information. The results show that female to male ratio was 2:1. Most of nurses were holders of Technical Nursing Certificate. Almost all nurses have not received in-service training about diabetes and diabetic wound care. Factors affecting diabetic wound services were lack of guidelines for services and foll...

American Journal of Health Research, 2016

Background: Patients` satisfaction is an important source of information about outcome quality of... more Background: Patients` satisfaction is an important source of information about outcome quality of care. The objective was to measure satisfaction with diabetes services provided to diabetic patients attending primary care health centres compared to specialized diabetes centres in Khartoum state, Sudan. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried targeting 712 diabetic patients randomly selected from 40 primary care health centres and three specialized diabetes centres in Khartoum State. A structured questionnaire was used included patients` characteristics and three point Likert scale to assess satisfaction. Ethical approval was obtained by informed consent from the patients. Data managed by statistical package for social science version 20. Factor analysis was carried to extract latent components of the scale. Multivariate analysis of variance tested the difference in satisfaction between primary care health centres and specialized diabetes centres at an acceptable level of significance less than 0.05. Results: The proportion of patients satisfied with diabetic services in primary health care centres was significantly low compared to specialized diabetes centres, 113 (24.5%) and 145 (57.8%) respectively, P=0.001. The mean satisfaction scores in primary care health centres and specialized diabetes centres were 1.85 ± 0.23 and 2.12± 0.33 respectively, P=0.001. Five factors were extracted from the satisfaction scale which contributed by 56.76% to the total variance. The mean satisfaction scores were significantly lower in primary care health centres compared to specialized diabetes centres regarding consultation session, technical capacity and referral, information and counseling and general satisfaction. Conclusion: Satisfaction with diabetes services was low in primary care health centres in Khartoum State. Capacity building regarding diabetes services at primary care level is recommended.

Journal of Hypertension, 2021

International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2014

Absract: Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a protozoan disease caused by Leishmania donovani and tra... more Absract: Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a protozoan disease caused by Leishmania donovani and transmitted by phlebotomus sand fly. The disease is endemic in Sudan and large area of tropics. It has been reported in eastern Sudan since the beginning of the twentieth century. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Tabark Allah Village, eastern Sudan to measure the seroprevalence of visceral Leishmaniasis. Samples of blood sera were collected from 373 individuals selected by systematic random technique. The samples were examined using Direct Agglutination Test (DAT) to detect the antileishmania antibodies. Demographic and socio-economic data were obtained by direct interview with the study group using a pre-tested questionnaire.The seroprevalence at a cut off ≥ reciprocal titre of 3200 was found to be 17.2% which was more prevalent among children (70.2%) with p value of 0.000, compared to adults. Family income had a significant association with the seroprevalence of visceral Leish...

IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences

Hepatitis C virus infection continues to be a major public health problem warranting high priorit... more Hepatitis C virus infection continues to be a major public health problem warranting high priority efforts for control and treatment. Hepatitis C virus infection is a major health problem among dialysis patients in developing countries. This study was conducted to measure the prevalence of HCV and to identify the possible risk factors associated with HCV infection among haemodialysis patients at dialysis centers in Khartoum State, Sudan. Methods: A cross-sectional facility based study was conducted at ten dialysis centers. A total of 287 subjects were selected. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics and risk factors. ELISA was used to test sera for anti-HC. For the analysis, Z-test and Chi-Square test were used. Results: Field workers interviewed ten dialysis centers with a total of 287 study subjects. Sixty out of 287 (20.9%) was found to be anti-HC reactive. The multivariate analysis indicated as risk factors associated to anti-HCV positivity the number of blood transfusion received, duration of dialysis treatment, number of units of treatment, history of surgeries, multiple injections and using share razors. P values =

British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research, 2016

International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH

Background - Psychosomatic health of adolescent girls at crossroads of childhood and mature adult... more Background - Psychosomatic health of adolescent girls at crossroads of childhood and mature adulthood, may lead to various health problems in future. To measure the prevalence and identify factors associated with psychiatric morbidity & psychosomatic symptoms among adolescent secondary school girls in Khartoum. Methods - This ‘Study’ was conducted, in three secondary schools of Khartoum North. The Simple Random Sampling Technique was applied to select three schools from the spot map of Khartoum North for this study, and 491 girl students in the adolescent age group were selected from the completed updated list of students from the enrollment registers in these schools. Results - according to the cut-off point (≥ 24 in the G.H.Q -28) findings showed that the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity (severe depression and anxiety) was 60.89% among the adolescent secondary school girls while the psychosomatic disorder was 34.62%. The psychosomatic disorder was found to be significant (P<...

Current Drug Safety

Background: Pharmacists play an essential role in educating the epileptic patients about their di... more Background: Pharmacists play an essential role in educating the epileptic patients about their disease and their medications. Improving the patient’s awareness may lead to improve their compliance and decrease drug-drug interaction and ultimately improve their quality of life. Objective: This study aimed to assess the pharmacist’s knowledge about anti-epileptic drugs in Khartoum State, Sudan. Method: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study in Khartoum State, Sudan. Proportionate stratified sampling was used to determine the targeted Pharmacies, and all pharmacists who were present in the selected pharmacy at the time of data collection and fulfilled our selection criteria were included in the study. A structure closed-ended questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data from candidates. Results: Majority of participants were female (66.9%), less than 30 years old (66.7%) and have less than 5 years of experience (62.1%). Unfortunately, the majority of the participants (...

British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research, 2016

Nursing & Primary Care

Background: The presence of anxiety and depression before cardiac surgery leads to poor surgical ... more Background: The presence of anxiety and depression before cardiac surgery leads to poor surgical outcomes. This study conducted to assess the effectiveness of psycho-educational programme on anxiety and depression among patients undergoing cardiac surgery in cardiac centers Khartoum state. Methods: Nonrandomized control trial, conducted in the three cardiac hospitals in Khartoum state, Fifty seven eligible and consented patients were included, 30 patients are allocated to intervention group in one hospital, and 27 in other two hospital as control group. Psychological support and teaching through a 15-20 minutes counseling and education sessions was given to the intervention group before surgery using information in a booklet focused on managing patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Anxiety and depression pre and post intervention was measured using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale to assess level of anxiety and depression pre and post intervention for both interventional and control groups. The follow-up assessment takes place at seventh day after operation. For the comparison of mean scores between the groups, the data were analyzed using chi-square, independent T-test and paired T-test. Results: The mean scores obtained in both anxiety and depression dimensions were significantly different between the intervention and control groups. Conclusion: psycho-educational program provided for patients undergoing cardiac surgery decreases the level of their anxiety and depression after cardiac surgery.

East African medical journal, 1993

A case control study of 140 children below the age of three years with acute otitis media was con... more A case control study of 140 children below the age of three years with acute otitis media was conducted to study the short duration of breast feeding as a risk factor. 83% of the patients experienced the first attack of acute otitis media during infancy. 25% of them were breastfed for less than six months compared to only 10% in the control group. The mean duration of breast feeding was significantly shorter in the study group 8.6 months (sd = 7.9) as compared to the control group 13.7 months (sd = 6.5); p < 0.001 (t = 5.9). Thus short duration of breast feeding is a risk factor of acute otitis media in early childhood.

A community study was conducted to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and syndromes ... more A community study was conducted to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and syndromes in 11â€"16-year-old girls. Girls from three secondary schools (1072 girls in total) were administered questionnaires and 375 were selected for direct interview. The estimated prevalence for current major depressive disorder (within the past month) for the population was 3.6%, and for the past year was 6.0%. Scores on the self-report questionnaire of mood disturbance increased with age, as did the prevalence of depressive disorder. A large proportion of interviewed girls reported depressive symptoms which did not meet the DSMâ€"lIlâ€"R criteria for major depressive disorder. The estimated prevalence of this ‘¿ partial syndrome' group was

Absract: Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a protozoan disease caused by Leishmania donovani and tra... more Absract: Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a protozoan disease caused by Leishmania donovani and transmitted by phlebotomus sand fly. The disease is endemic in Sudan and large area of tropics. It has been reported in eastern Sudan since the beginning of the twentieth century. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Tabark Allah Village, eastern Sudan to measure the seroprevalence of visceral Leishmaniasis. Samples of blood sera were collected from 373 individuals selected by systematic random technique. The samples were examined using Direct Agglutination Test (DAT) to detect the anti-leishmania antibodies. Demographic and socio-economic data were obtained by direct interview with the study group using a pre-tested questionnaire.The seroprevalence at a cut off ≥ reciprocal titre of 3200 was found to be 17.2% which was more prevalent among children (70.2%) with p value of 0.000, compared to adults. Family income had a significant association with the seroprevalence of visceral Leis...

An interventional study was conducted in East Nile Locality, Khartoum, Sudan to identify the role... more An interventional study was conducted in East Nile Locality, Khartoum, Sudan to identify the role of school health education in the promotion of the knowledge, attitudes and practices among the pupils as regards Schistosomiasis. The target population is composed of 6 boys' schools, and 6 girls' schools, each was considered as a cluster. A sample of 324 pupils from the intervention schools, and 324 pupils from the comparison schools were selected to participate in the study. Data were collected using a pre-and post -KAP survey. It was found that half of the pupils (58%) in the intervention schools knew Schistosomiasis as a disease before the intervention and such knowledge increased to include all the pupils (100%) after the intervention. Only 17% of the pupils knew that Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease before the intervention and 81.5% after.

Absract: Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a protozoan disease caused by Leishmania donovani and tra... more Absract: Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a protozoan disease caused by Leishmania donovani and transmitted by phlebotomus sand fly. The disease is endemic in Sudan and large area of tropics. It has been reported in eastern Sudan since the beginning of the twentieth century. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Tabark Allah Village, eastern Sudan to measure the seroprevalence of visceral Leishmaniasis. Samples of blood sera were collected from 373 individuals selected by systematic random technique. The samples were examined using Direct Agglutination Test (DAT) to detect the anti-leishmania antibodies. Demographic and socio-economic data were obtained by direct interview with the study group using a pre-tested questionnaire.The seroprevalence at a cut off ≥ reciprocal titre of 3200 was found to be 17.2% which was more prevalent among children (70.2%) with p value of 0.000, compared to adults. Family income had a significant association with the seroprevalence of visceral Leishmaniasis (p value: 0.05

Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 2009

The British Journal of Psychiatry, 1993

A community study was conducted to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and syndromes ... more A community study was conducted to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and syndromes in 11–16-year-old girls. Girls from three secondary schools (1072 girls in total) were administered questionnaires and 375 were selected for direct interview. The estimated prevalence for current major depressive disorder (within the past month) for the population was 3.6%, and for the past year was 6.0%. Scores on the self-report questionnaire of mood disturbance increased with age, as did the prevalence of depressive disorder. A large proportion of interviewed girls reported depressive symptoms which did not meet the DSM-III-R criteria for major depressive disorder. The estimated prevalence of this ‘partial syndrome’ group was 8.9% for a current episode and 20.7% for the past year.


American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences, 2017

One of the challenges regarding quality of care at primary care level is diabetic wound services;... more One of the challenges regarding quality of care at primary care level is diabetic wound services; where the nurses are the pillar in wound care. The study objective was to determine the perception of nurses regarding the diabetic wound services in the health centers. A descriptive qualitative study carried in Khartoum State Sudan targeted nurses at the health centers. Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was carried out using semi-structured open ended questions. Saturation of information was obtained after four FGD sessions resulted in 26 nurses. Informed consent was signed and obtained from each nurse. Two independent qualified researchers carried out content analysis of the recorded information. The results show that female to male ratio was 2:1. Most of nurses were holders of Technical Nursing Certificate. Almost all nurses have not received in-service training about diabetes and diabetic wound care. Factors affecting diabetic wound services were lack of guidelines for services and foll...

American Journal of Health Research, 2016

Background: Patients` satisfaction is an important source of information about outcome quality of... more Background: Patients` satisfaction is an important source of information about outcome quality of care. The objective was to measure satisfaction with diabetes services provided to diabetic patients attending primary care health centres compared to specialized diabetes centres in Khartoum state, Sudan. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried targeting 712 diabetic patients randomly selected from 40 primary care health centres and three specialized diabetes centres in Khartoum State. A structured questionnaire was used included patients` characteristics and three point Likert scale to assess satisfaction. Ethical approval was obtained by informed consent from the patients. Data managed by statistical package for social science version 20. Factor analysis was carried to extract latent components of the scale. Multivariate analysis of variance tested the difference in satisfaction between primary care health centres and specialized diabetes centres at an acceptable level of significance less than 0.05. Results: The proportion of patients satisfied with diabetic services in primary health care centres was significantly low compared to specialized diabetes centres, 113 (24.5%) and 145 (57.8%) respectively, P=0.001. The mean satisfaction scores in primary care health centres and specialized diabetes centres were 1.85 ± 0.23 and 2.12± 0.33 respectively, P=0.001. Five factors were extracted from the satisfaction scale which contributed by 56.76% to the total variance. The mean satisfaction scores were significantly lower in primary care health centres compared to specialized diabetes centres regarding consultation session, technical capacity and referral, information and counseling and general satisfaction. Conclusion: Satisfaction with diabetes services was low in primary care health centres in Khartoum State. Capacity building regarding diabetes services at primary care level is recommended.

Journal of Hypertension, 2021

International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2014

Absract: Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a protozoan disease caused by Leishmania donovani and tra... more Absract: Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a protozoan disease caused by Leishmania donovani and transmitted by phlebotomus sand fly. The disease is endemic in Sudan and large area of tropics. It has been reported in eastern Sudan since the beginning of the twentieth century. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Tabark Allah Village, eastern Sudan to measure the seroprevalence of visceral Leishmaniasis. Samples of blood sera were collected from 373 individuals selected by systematic random technique. The samples were examined using Direct Agglutination Test (DAT) to detect the antileishmania antibodies. Demographic and socio-economic data were obtained by direct interview with the study group using a pre-tested questionnaire.The seroprevalence at a cut off ≥ reciprocal titre of 3200 was found to be 17.2% which was more prevalent among children (70.2%) with p value of 0.000, compared to adults. Family income had a significant association with the seroprevalence of visceral Leish...

IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences

Hepatitis C virus infection continues to be a major public health problem warranting high priorit... more Hepatitis C virus infection continues to be a major public health problem warranting high priority efforts for control and treatment. Hepatitis C virus infection is a major health problem among dialysis patients in developing countries. This study was conducted to measure the prevalence of HCV and to identify the possible risk factors associated with HCV infection among haemodialysis patients at dialysis centers in Khartoum State, Sudan. Methods: A cross-sectional facility based study was conducted at ten dialysis centers. A total of 287 subjects were selected. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics and risk factors. ELISA was used to test sera for anti-HC. For the analysis, Z-test and Chi-Square test were used. Results: Field workers interviewed ten dialysis centers with a total of 287 study subjects. Sixty out of 287 (20.9%) was found to be anti-HC reactive. The multivariate analysis indicated as risk factors associated to anti-HCV positivity the number of blood transfusion received, duration of dialysis treatment, number of units of treatment, history of surgeries, multiple injections and using share razors. P values =

British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research, 2016

International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH

Background - Psychosomatic health of adolescent girls at crossroads of childhood and mature adult... more Background - Psychosomatic health of adolescent girls at crossroads of childhood and mature adulthood, may lead to various health problems in future. To measure the prevalence and identify factors associated with psychiatric morbidity & psychosomatic symptoms among adolescent secondary school girls in Khartoum. Methods - This ‘Study’ was conducted, in three secondary schools of Khartoum North. The Simple Random Sampling Technique was applied to select three schools from the spot map of Khartoum North for this study, and 491 girl students in the adolescent age group were selected from the completed updated list of students from the enrollment registers in these schools. Results - according to the cut-off point (≥ 24 in the G.H.Q -28) findings showed that the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity (severe depression and anxiety) was 60.89% among the adolescent secondary school girls while the psychosomatic disorder was 34.62%. The psychosomatic disorder was found to be significant (P<...

Current Drug Safety

Background: Pharmacists play an essential role in educating the epileptic patients about their di... more Background: Pharmacists play an essential role in educating the epileptic patients about their disease and their medications. Improving the patient’s awareness may lead to improve their compliance and decrease drug-drug interaction and ultimately improve their quality of life. Objective: This study aimed to assess the pharmacist’s knowledge about anti-epileptic drugs in Khartoum State, Sudan. Method: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study in Khartoum State, Sudan. Proportionate stratified sampling was used to determine the targeted Pharmacies, and all pharmacists who were present in the selected pharmacy at the time of data collection and fulfilled our selection criteria were included in the study. A structure closed-ended questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data from candidates. Results: Majority of participants were female (66.9%), less than 30 years old (66.7%) and have less than 5 years of experience (62.1%). Unfortunately, the majority of the participants (...

British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research, 2016

Nursing & Primary Care

Background: The presence of anxiety and depression before cardiac surgery leads to poor surgical ... more Background: The presence of anxiety and depression before cardiac surgery leads to poor surgical outcomes. This study conducted to assess the effectiveness of psycho-educational programme on anxiety and depression among patients undergoing cardiac surgery in cardiac centers Khartoum state. Methods: Nonrandomized control trial, conducted in the three cardiac hospitals in Khartoum state, Fifty seven eligible and consented patients were included, 30 patients are allocated to intervention group in one hospital, and 27 in other two hospital as control group. Psychological support and teaching through a 15-20 minutes counseling and education sessions was given to the intervention group before surgery using information in a booklet focused on managing patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Anxiety and depression pre and post intervention was measured using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale to assess level of anxiety and depression pre and post intervention for both interventional and control groups. The follow-up assessment takes place at seventh day after operation. For the comparison of mean scores between the groups, the data were analyzed using chi-square, independent T-test and paired T-test. Results: The mean scores obtained in both anxiety and depression dimensions were significantly different between the intervention and control groups. Conclusion: psycho-educational program provided for patients undergoing cardiac surgery decreases the level of their anxiety and depression after cardiac surgery.

East African medical journal, 1993

A case control study of 140 children below the age of three years with acute otitis media was con... more A case control study of 140 children below the age of three years with acute otitis media was conducted to study the short duration of breast feeding as a risk factor. 83% of the patients experienced the first attack of acute otitis media during infancy. 25% of them were breastfed for less than six months compared to only 10% in the control group. The mean duration of breast feeding was significantly shorter in the study group 8.6 months (sd = 7.9) as compared to the control group 13.7 months (sd = 6.5); p < 0.001 (t = 5.9). Thus short duration of breast feeding is a risk factor of acute otitis media in early childhood.

A community study was conducted to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and syndromes ... more A community study was conducted to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and syndromes in 11â€"16-year-old girls. Girls from three secondary schools (1072 girls in total) were administered questionnaires and 375 were selected for direct interview. The estimated prevalence for current major depressive disorder (within the past month) for the population was 3.6%, and for the past year was 6.0%. Scores on the self-report questionnaire of mood disturbance increased with age, as did the prevalence of depressive disorder. A large proportion of interviewed girls reported depressive symptoms which did not meet the DSMâ€"lIlâ€"R criteria for major depressive disorder. The estimated prevalence of this ‘¿ partial syndrome' group was

Absract: Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a protozoan disease caused by Leishmania donovani and tra... more Absract: Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a protozoan disease caused by Leishmania donovani and transmitted by phlebotomus sand fly. The disease is endemic in Sudan and large area of tropics. It has been reported in eastern Sudan since the beginning of the twentieth century. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Tabark Allah Village, eastern Sudan to measure the seroprevalence of visceral Leishmaniasis. Samples of blood sera were collected from 373 individuals selected by systematic random technique. The samples were examined using Direct Agglutination Test (DAT) to detect the anti-leishmania antibodies. Demographic and socio-economic data were obtained by direct interview with the study group using a pre-tested questionnaire.The seroprevalence at a cut off ≥ reciprocal titre of 3200 was found to be 17.2% which was more prevalent among children (70.2%) with p value of 0.000, compared to adults. Family income had a significant association with the seroprevalence of visceral Leis...

An interventional study was conducted in East Nile Locality, Khartoum, Sudan to identify the role... more An interventional study was conducted in East Nile Locality, Khartoum, Sudan to identify the role of school health education in the promotion of the knowledge, attitudes and practices among the pupils as regards Schistosomiasis. The target population is composed of 6 boys' schools, and 6 girls' schools, each was considered as a cluster. A sample of 324 pupils from the intervention schools, and 324 pupils from the comparison schools were selected to participate in the study. Data were collected using a pre-and post -KAP survey. It was found that half of the pupils (58%) in the intervention schools knew Schistosomiasis as a disease before the intervention and such knowledge increased to include all the pupils (100%) after the intervention. Only 17% of the pupils knew that Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease before the intervention and 81.5% after.

Absract: Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a protozoan disease caused by Leishmania donovani and tra... more Absract: Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a protozoan disease caused by Leishmania donovani and transmitted by phlebotomus sand fly. The disease is endemic in Sudan and large area of tropics. It has been reported in eastern Sudan since the beginning of the twentieth century. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Tabark Allah Village, eastern Sudan to measure the seroprevalence of visceral Leishmaniasis. Samples of blood sera were collected from 373 individuals selected by systematic random technique. The samples were examined using Direct Agglutination Test (DAT) to detect the anti-leishmania antibodies. Demographic and socio-economic data were obtained by direct interview with the study group using a pre-tested questionnaire.The seroprevalence at a cut off ≥ reciprocal titre of 3200 was found to be 17.2% which was more prevalent among children (70.2%) with p value of 0.000, compared to adults. Family income had a significant association with the seroprevalence of visceral Leishmaniasis (p value: 0.05