Leif Karlstrom | University of Oregon (original) (raw)

Leif Karlstrom

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Papers by Leif Karlstrom

Research paper thumbnail of Dynamical constraints on the life cycle of voluminous silicic systems: How to build, maintain, and destroy shallow silicic magma bodies

Eos Transactions American Geophysical Union

The generation, accumulation and eruption of silicic magmas in the shallow crust occurs on a wide... more The generation, accumulation and eruption of silicic magmas in the shallow crust occurs on a wide range of length and timescales. Here we focus on two questions related to these interrelated processes: 1.) What are the energy and dynamic constraints for the relative proportions of crustal and mantle melts in the production of silicic systems? 2.) What processes can alleviate the so called "room problem", and how does this contribute to the longevity of the system? We address the first two questions through a coupled finite volume and finite element approach to determine the evolving thermal and stress fields in response to magma injection in the upper crust. We perform a suite of two- dimensional simulations over a range of magmatic fluxes and different regional stresses. To constrain the volume and depth of assimilation of crustal materials we also perform oxygen isotope calculations that are coupled with the evolving thermal and permeability structure of the crust. The r...

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Research paper thumbnail of Causes and consequences of unsteady crustal magma transport

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Research paper thumbnail of Intrusive LIPs: Deep crustal magmatic processes during the emplacement of Large Igneous Provinces

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Research paper thumbnail of Temporal instabilities in volcanic conduit flow due to internal gravity waves and non-equilibrium degassing

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Research paper thumbnail of Structure of the Volcanic Vent Distribution of the Cascades Arc from a New Database of Holocene and Pleistocene Volcanism, with Focus on Pre-Caldera Monogenetic Volcanism at Mount Mazana, Oregon

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Research paper thumbnail of Near-surface permeability in a supraglacial drainage basin on the Llewellyn Glacier, Juneau Icefield, British Columbia

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Research paper thumbnail of The effect of pressurized magma chamber growth on melt migration and pre-caldera vent locations through time at Mount Mazama, Crater Lake, Oregon

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Research paper thumbnail of On the evolution of large ultramafic magma chambers and timescales for flood basalt eruptions

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Research paper thumbnail of Martian magmatic plumbing and the spacing between tharsis montes shield volcanoes

We present a model for the development of discrete volcanic centers via melt focusing by magma ch... more We present a model for the development of discrete volcanic centers via melt focusing by magma chambers. We apply this model to the spacing of Tharsis Montes shield volcanoes, and test the effects of Tharsis loading and True Polar Wander stresses.

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Research paper thumbnail of The role of magmatically driven lithospheric thickening on arc front migration

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Research paper thumbnail of Mechanics of Old Faithful Geyser, Calistoga, California

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Research paper thumbnail of A prediction of the longevity of the Lusi mud eruption, Indonesia

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Research paper thumbnail of Eruptions at Lone Star Geyser, Yellowstone National Park, USA: 1. Energetics and eruption dynamics

Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 2013

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Research paper thumbnail of Meander formation in supraglacial streams

Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 2013

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Research paper thumbnail of Caldera size modulated by the yield stress within a crystal-rich magma reservoir

Nature Geosci, 2012

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Research paper thumbnail of Eruptions at Lone Star Geyser, Yellowstone National Park, USA: 1. Energetics and eruption dynamics

J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth, 2013

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Research paper thumbnail of On the fate of pumice rafts formed during the 2012 Havre submarine eruption

Nature Communications, 2014

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Research paper thumbnail of Magma siphoning and the mechanics of Large Igneous Province eruptions

The enormous size, chemical homogeneity and rapid emplacement of individual Large Igneous Provinc... more The enormous size, chemical homogeneity and rapid emplacement of individual Large Igneous Province (LIP) eruptions exemplify basaltic volcanism on its most extreme scale. We believe that these features are also evidence for an underappreciated aspect of volcano physics, in which exsolution of volatile species provide a driving force that can sustain mafic eruptions past the cessation of magmatic overpressure and

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Research paper thumbnail of Coupled evolution of magma chambers and flow in conduits during large volcanic eruptions

The largest silicic and mafic volcanic eruptions in the geologic record, Supervolcano and Large I... more The largest silicic and mafic volcanic eruptions in the geologic record, Supervolcano and Large Igneous Province (LIP) eruptions, are distinguished by differences in surface emplacement mode, geologic context, magma volatile content, viscosity, and reservoir depth. However, these large eruptions also share several common features. Individual eruptions of both types emplace roughly the same total volume (10^3 - 10^4 km^3) of

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Research paper thumbnail of Jet dynamics at Lone Star Geyser, Yellowstone National Park

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Research paper thumbnail of Dynamical constraints on the life cycle of voluminous silicic systems: How to build, maintain, and destroy shallow silicic magma bodies

Eos Transactions American Geophysical Union

The generation, accumulation and eruption of silicic magmas in the shallow crust occurs on a wide... more The generation, accumulation and eruption of silicic magmas in the shallow crust occurs on a wide range of length and timescales. Here we focus on two questions related to these interrelated processes: 1.) What are the energy and dynamic constraints for the relative proportions of crustal and mantle melts in the production of silicic systems? 2.) What processes can alleviate the so called "room problem", and how does this contribute to the longevity of the system? We address the first two questions through a coupled finite volume and finite element approach to determine the evolving thermal and stress fields in response to magma injection in the upper crust. We perform a suite of two- dimensional simulations over a range of magmatic fluxes and different regional stresses. To constrain the volume and depth of assimilation of crustal materials we also perform oxygen isotope calculations that are coupled with the evolving thermal and permeability structure of the crust. The r...

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Causes and consequences of unsteady crustal magma transport

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Intrusive LIPs: Deep crustal magmatic processes during the emplacement of Large Igneous Provinces

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Temporal instabilities in volcanic conduit flow due to internal gravity waves and non-equilibrium degassing

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Structure of the Volcanic Vent Distribution of the Cascades Arc from a New Database of Holocene and Pleistocene Volcanism, with Focus on Pre-Caldera Monogenetic Volcanism at Mount Mazana, Oregon

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Near-surface permeability in a supraglacial drainage basin on the Llewellyn Glacier, Juneau Icefield, British Columbia

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of The effect of pressurized magma chamber growth on melt migration and pre-caldera vent locations through time at Mount Mazama, Crater Lake, Oregon

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of On the evolution of large ultramafic magma chambers and timescales for flood basalt eruptions

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Martian magmatic plumbing and the spacing between tharsis montes shield volcanoes

We present a model for the development of discrete volcanic centers via melt focusing by magma ch... more We present a model for the development of discrete volcanic centers via melt focusing by magma chambers. We apply this model to the spacing of Tharsis Montes shield volcanoes, and test the effects of Tharsis loading and True Polar Wander stresses.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of The role of magmatically driven lithospheric thickening on arc front migration

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Mechanics of Old Faithful Geyser, Calistoga, California

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of A prediction of the longevity of the Lusi mud eruption, Indonesia

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Eruptions at Lone Star Geyser, Yellowstone National Park, USA: 1. Energetics and eruption dynamics

Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 2013

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Meander formation in supraglacial streams

Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 2013

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Caldera size modulated by the yield stress within a crystal-rich magma reservoir

Nature Geosci, 2012

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Eruptions at Lone Star Geyser, Yellowstone National Park, USA: 1. Energetics and eruption dynamics

J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth, 2013

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of On the fate of pumice rafts formed during the 2012 Havre submarine eruption

Nature Communications, 2014

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Magma siphoning and the mechanics of Large Igneous Province eruptions

The enormous size, chemical homogeneity and rapid emplacement of individual Large Igneous Provinc... more The enormous size, chemical homogeneity and rapid emplacement of individual Large Igneous Province (LIP) eruptions exemplify basaltic volcanism on its most extreme scale. We believe that these features are also evidence for an underappreciated aspect of volcano physics, in which exsolution of volatile species provide a driving force that can sustain mafic eruptions past the cessation of magmatic overpressure and

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Coupled evolution of magma chambers and flow in conduits during large volcanic eruptions

The largest silicic and mafic volcanic eruptions in the geologic record, Supervolcano and Large I... more The largest silicic and mafic volcanic eruptions in the geologic record, Supervolcano and Large Igneous Province (LIP) eruptions, are distinguished by differences in surface emplacement mode, geologic context, magma volatile content, viscosity, and reservoir depth. However, these large eruptions also share several common features. Individual eruptions of both types emplace roughly the same total volume (10^3 - 10^4 km^3) of

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Jet dynamics at Lone Star Geyser, Yellowstone National Park

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

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