shani Afridi | University of Sargodha (original) (raw)
Papers by shani Afridi
PLOS ONE, 2015
The transcription factor Pax6 is an important regulator of development and cell differentiation i... more The transcription factor Pax6 is an important regulator of development and cell differentiation in various organs. Thus, Pax6 was shown to promote neural development in the cerebral cortex and spinal cord, and to control pancreatic endocrine cell genesis. However, the role of Pax6 in distinct endocrine cells of the adult pancreas has not been addressed. We report the conditional inactivation of Pax6 in insulin and glucagon producing cells of the adult mouse pancreas. In the absence of Pax6, beta-and alpha-cells lose their molecular maturation characteristics. Our findings provide strong evidence that Pax6 is responsible for the maturation of beta-, and alpha-cells, but not of delta-, and PP-cells. Moreover, lineagetracing experiments demonstrate that Pax6-deficient beta-and alpha-cells are shunted towards ghrelin marked cells, sustaining the idea that ghrelin may represent a marker for endocrine cell maturation.
Pharmaceutics, 2015
Drug administration via the transdermal route is an evolving field that provides an alternative t... more Drug administration via the transdermal route is an evolving field that provides an alternative to oral and parenteral routes of therapy. Several microneedle (MN) based approaches have been developed. Among these, coated MNs (typically where drug is deposited on MN tips) are a minimally invasive method to deliver drugs and vaccines through the skin. In this review, we describe several processes to coat MNs. These include dip coating, gas jet drying, spray coating, electrohydrodynamic atomisation (EHDA) based processes and piezoelectric inkjet printing. Examples of process mechanisms, conditions and tested formulations are provided. As these processes are independent techniques, modifications to facilitate MN coatings are elucidated. In summary, the outcomes and potential value for each technique provides opportunities to overcome formulation or dosage form limitations. While there are significant developments in solid degradable
Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps
Journal of Northeast Agricultural University (English Edition), 2015
Abstract DEA is a nonparametric method used in operation researches and economics fields for the ... more Abstract DEA is a nonparametric method used in operation researches and economics fields for the evaluation of the production frontier. It has distinct intrinsic which is worth coping with assessment problems with multiple inputs in particular with multiple outputs. This paper used De C2 R model of DEA to assess the comparative efficiency of the multiple schemes of agricultural industrial structure, at the end we chose the most favorable also known as “OPTIMAL” scheme. In addition to this, using some functional insights from DEA model non optimal schemes or less optimal schemes had also been improved to some extent. Assessment and selection of optimal schemes of agricultural industrial structure using DEA model gave a greater and better insight of agricultural industrial structure and was the first of such researches in Pakistan.
Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces, 2014
A range of fine bioactive glass (BG) fibers with different hydrolysis degree were synthesized via... more A range of fine bioactive glass (BG) fibers with different hydrolysis degree were synthesized via a sol-gel and electrospinning approach. Due to the increased water/TEOS ratio (X ratio) from 2 to 8, the SiOSi network integrity of BG fibers was dramatically enhanced. With a designed protein loading method using simulated body fluid (SBF)/bovine serum albumin (BSA) mixture solution, the tunable protein releasing was successfully achieved. The varied hydrolysis degree of BG fibers was found to induce distinctive releasing behavior. The protein release kinetics intends to present a more controlled and sustained manner with the decreased X ratio from 8 to 2, and such phenomenon is mainly attributed to the 'anchoring' effect of the crystalline apatite mineral layers formed at the fiber surface. This study has therefore offered another way of thinking in the…
Journal of drug targeting, Jan 13, 2015
A scalable platform to prepare multi-functional ocular lenses is demonstrated. Using rapidly diss... more A scalable platform to prepare multi-functional ocular lenses is demonstrated. Using rapidly dissolving polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the active stabilizing matrix, both sides of ocular lenses were coated using a modified scaled-up masking electrohydrodynamic atomization (EHDA) technique (flow rates variable between 5 and 10 µL/min, applied voltage 4-11 kV). Each side was coated (using a specially designed flip-able well) selectively with a pre-determined morphology and model drug substance. PVP nanoparticles (inner side, to be in contact with the cornea, mean size <ca.100 nm) were encapsulated with a probe (flourescein dye) and PVP nanofibres (outer side, to be exposed to air and eye lid, mean width size <ca.200 nm) were encapsulated with chloramphenicol (5 w/w% PVP). Release of the probe and anti-microbial activity (using Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 6571) were demonstrated based on rapid dissolution and contact of PVP model substance matrix. Adapting these findings further fo...
European Journal of Plastic Surgery, 2010
During firework season in the UK (October-January), many patients present to emergency department... more During firework season in the UK (October-January), many patients present to emergency departments across the country with firework-related injuries. These seasonal injuries can vary from minor skin trauma to major burns, inhalation injuries and even death in some cases. Governments have tried to improve public awareness and safety with education using multi-million pound national safety campaigns as well as clamping down on fireworks both from within and outside of the EU which fail to meet safety standards. Despite these measures, fireworkrelated injuries are increasing (2005 census Royal Society of Prevention of Accidents (RoSPA)). Reasons for this have been cited as new variations in firework design, antisocial behaviour and readily available cheap fireworks. The author conducted a retrospective study in the emergency department in Exeter from October 2006 to January 2007 highlighting 18 firework-related injuries. Of those, four patients needed referral to local burns centres and five needed admission for supportive treatment and specialty management. Prevention of firework injuries to the hand is of the utmost importance. It is hoped that an increase in public awareness will concentrate attention on precautionary measures to prevent these avoidable 'recreational' accidents. If and when accidents do occur, hand surgeons and therapists attempt to provide patients with the best possible return of hand function with a minimum disability and disfigurement. Further research together with national awareness is suggested to reduce these injuries, all for a tradition which can cost millions in healthcare and loss of earnings, but ultimately, it can cost peoples' lives.
Physica B: Condensed Matter, 2009
The present study addresses the problem of quantitative prediction of effective relative permitti... more The present study addresses the problem of quantitative prediction of effective relative permittivity, dielectric loss factor, piezoelectric charge coefficient, and Young's modulus of PZT/PVDF diphasic ceramic-polymer composite as a function of volume fraction of PZT in the different compositions. Theoretical results for effective relative permittivity derived from several dielectric mixture equations like those of Knott, Rother-Lichtenecker, Bruggeman, Maxwell-Wagner-Webmann-Skipetrov or Dias-Dasgupta, Furukawa, Lewin, Wiener, Jayasundere-Smith, Modified Cule-Torquato, Taylor, Poon-Shin and Rao et al. were fitted to the experimental data taken from previous works of Yamada et al. Similarly, the results for effective piezoelectric coefficient and Young's modulus, derived from different appropriate equations were fitted to the corresponding experimental data taken from the literature. The study revealed that only a few equations like modified Rother-Lichtenecker equation, Dias-Dasgupta equation and Rao equation for dielectric and piezoelectric properties while the four new equations developed in the present study of elastic property (Young's modulus) well fitted the corresponding experimental results. Further, the acceptable data put to various regression analyses showed that in most of the cases the third order polynomial regression analysis provided more acceptable fits.
European Journal of Plastic Surgery, 2013
ABSTRACT
European Journal of Plastic Surgery, 2009
Snakebites in the UK are uncommon. In the UK and Europe, they occur less frequently compared to t... more Snakebites in the UK are uncommon. In the UK and Europe, they occur less frequently compared to the Americas, Africa and Asia. In the UK, there is only one known indigenous poisonous snake, Vipera berus, the adder, but other snake species may be found in private collections or zoos. Snakebites in the UK tend to occur in certain 'hotspots' namely rural areas, forestry or in national parklands; parts of Scotland, Wales and the counties of Norfolk, Devon and Cornwall where the largest population of snakes exist. In the UK, the majority of snakebites are managed by emergency physicians; however, a small but significant proportion can develop complications which necessitate management by plastic and reconstructive surgeons and/or other medical specialists. Fortunately in the UK, very few indigenous snakes envenomate; therefore, we do not see the devastating and, in some cases, fatal consequences of snakebites including the cardiovascular, neurological and cutaneous sequelae. The objective of the survey performed was to provide insight into the knowledge and attitude of emergency physicians and plastic surgeons in the management of snakebites. In general, there was a good level of previous experience of managing snakebites abroad in the vast majority of cases. However, the survey findings indicated poor knowledge of the consequences of snakebites and the administration of antivenom. The authors feel better awareness and training for clinical staff who may be asked to deal with such problems would be of great benefit. Further, public awareness for holiday makers should be improved in an effort to reduce the numbers of snakebites which commonly occur in the UK.
European Journal of Plastic Surgery, 2013
The authors present a unique case of extreme distal interphalangeal joint flexion contracture in ... more The authors present a unique case of extreme distal interphalangeal joint flexion contracture in a 21-year-old gentleman. Although asymptomatic, he was concerned about the cosmesis, which prompted his attendance. With no history of trauma or other medical conditions, he reported a family history of sickle cell trait, although was sickle cell negative himself. This case illustrates that particularly in patients who may be affected by blood dyscrasias (southeast Asian, Mediterranean and African) a 'medical' diagnosis for clinical presentations which may not quite fit with the day to day clinical workload for a hand surgeon should be borne in mind. Some blood dyscrasias affect surgical outcomes as well anaesthetic safety for patients and taking a thorough history where possible is crucial and can also affect the postoperative outcome. Level of Evidence: Level V, diagnostic study.
Journal of Surgical Technique and Case Report, 2014
2008 IEEE 19th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2008
This paper studies the uplink channel of a time division multiple access (TDMA) cellular network ... more This paper studies the uplink channel of a time division multiple access (TDMA) cellular network assisted by wireless relays. Aiming at increasing the network´s transmission rate, we optimally place multiple decode-and-forward (D&F) dedicated relays within every cell. In the first part of the contribution, we consider the relays transmitting Gaussian codewords. Results show that there is almost 39% gain in the transmission rate of each cell with respect to no relaying. In the second part, we analyze the performance impact of finite set modulation at user and relays (i.e. M-PAM). With such a modulation, the gain is slightly decreased to 27%. Finally, we show that D&F relaying provides large gains in the outage capacity at the edge of the cell, with similar performance for Gaussian and M-PAM modulation.
European Journal of Plastic Surgery, 2011
European Journal of Plastic Surgery, 2009
Sir, A clinical photograph of a 47-year-old lady who tried to commit suicide by taking an overdos... more Sir, A clinical photograph of a 47-year-old lady who tried to commit suicide by taking an overdose of a commonly prescribed sedative or hypnotic drug. This lady took a zopiclone overdose and spent a total of 14 h asleep on the floor. She vomited her gastric contents, and her stomach acids caused a superficial partial thickness chemical burn affecting her nose. She was treated conservatively with dressings.
International Journal of Informatics and Communication Technology (IJ-ICT), 2013
Current internet is incompetent and inept for the current trends of communication. The architectu... more Current internet is incompetent and inept for the current trends of communication. The architecture of current internet was drafted almost 40 years ago and it is unable to cop up the problems aroused in context of security, mobility, robustness, congested traffic and vice versa of this millennium. In this paper, publish–subscribe internet routing paradigm (PSIRP) a reengineered architecture of internet is comprehensively studied, which will resolve many of the problems faced by the internet today. Keeping in view the importance of information/data, the reengineered architecture of PSIRP proffers the information–centric communication instead of host–centric communication, in response to which many of the problems of current internet will be resolved automatically. As major portion of internet is publish/subscribe in nature so PSIRP can provide a flexible, efficient and powerful architecture for future internet network design. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ij-ict.v2i3.3562
Synlett, 2012
Synlett, 2012
Supporting Information Compound characterization and experimental procedures Experimental Section... more Supporting Information Compound characterization and experimental procedures Experimental Section General: All UV-visible spectra were recorded on a Lambda 5 (Perkin Elmer) spectrophotometer with a solution concentration of c = 10-6 mol/L of the compounds. All fluorescence spectra were recorded on a Hitachi F-4010 fluorescence spectrophotometer using similar solution concentrations. The solvent (CHCl 3) was distilled before use.
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 2011
Viewpoints, pertaining to issues of general interest, are welcome, even if they are not related t... more Viewpoints, pertaining to issues of general interest, are welcome, even if they are not related to items previously published. Viewpoints may present unique techniques, brief technology updates, technical notes, and so on. Viewpoints will be published on a space-available basis because they are typically less timesensitive than Letters and other types of articles. Please note the following criteria: • Text-maximum of 500 words (not including references) • References-maximum of five • Authors-no more than five • Figures/Tables-no more than two figures and/or one table Authors will be listed in the order in which they appear in the submission. Viewpoints should be submitted electronically via PRS' enkwell, at www.editorialmanager.com/ prs/. We strongly encourage authors to submit figures in color. We reserve the right to edit Viewpoints to meet requirements of space and format. Any financial interests relevant to the content must be disclosed. Submission of a Viewpoint constitutes permission for the American Society of Plastic Surgeons and its licensees and assignees to publish it in the Journal and in any other form or medium. The views, opinions, and conclusions expressed in the Viewpoints represent the personal opinions of the individual writers and not those of the publisher, the Editorial Board, or the sponsors of the Journal. Any stated views, opinions, and conclusions do not reflect the policy of any of the sponsoring organizations or of the institutions with which the writer is affiliated, and the publisher, the Editorial Board, and the sponsoring organizations assume no responsibility for the content of such correspondence.
Microbial Cell Factories, 2007
Background Commercial medium (Pharmamedia) was investigated for the production of surfactin by Ba... more Background Commercial medium (Pharmamedia) was investigated for the production of surfactin by Bacillus subtilis MZ-7. Different media (defined, semi-defined, and complex media) were compared for the production of surfactin after fixing the least influential variables in standardized fermentation conditions. Carbohydrate and nitrogen supplements were also tried to improve production in Pharmamedia. Results Surfactin production was confirmed using PCR along with other analytical techniques and monitored by RP-HPLC and MALDI-TOF-MS. We found that optimized and brain heart infusion media were best for production of surfactin (280 mg/L) and a relatively comparable production with Pharmamedia (220 mg/L), however, supplementing Pharmamedia with Fe+ (4.0 mM) and sucrose (2 g/L) leads to a maximum production of about (300 mg/L). Conclusion Cottonseed-derived medium proved to be a suitable substrate for the production of bioactive substances including surfactin, a useful compound in both med...
PLOS ONE, 2015
The transcription factor Pax6 is an important regulator of development and cell differentiation i... more The transcription factor Pax6 is an important regulator of development and cell differentiation in various organs. Thus, Pax6 was shown to promote neural development in the cerebral cortex and spinal cord, and to control pancreatic endocrine cell genesis. However, the role of Pax6 in distinct endocrine cells of the adult pancreas has not been addressed. We report the conditional inactivation of Pax6 in insulin and glucagon producing cells of the adult mouse pancreas. In the absence of Pax6, beta-and alpha-cells lose their molecular maturation characteristics. Our findings provide strong evidence that Pax6 is responsible for the maturation of beta-, and alpha-cells, but not of delta-, and PP-cells. Moreover, lineagetracing experiments demonstrate that Pax6-deficient beta-and alpha-cells are shunted towards ghrelin marked cells, sustaining the idea that ghrelin may represent a marker for endocrine cell maturation.
Pharmaceutics, 2015
Drug administration via the transdermal route is an evolving field that provides an alternative t... more Drug administration via the transdermal route is an evolving field that provides an alternative to oral and parenteral routes of therapy. Several microneedle (MN) based approaches have been developed. Among these, coated MNs (typically where drug is deposited on MN tips) are a minimally invasive method to deliver drugs and vaccines through the skin. In this review, we describe several processes to coat MNs. These include dip coating, gas jet drying, spray coating, electrohydrodynamic atomisation (EHDA) based processes and piezoelectric inkjet printing. Examples of process mechanisms, conditions and tested formulations are provided. As these processes are independent techniques, modifications to facilitate MN coatings are elucidated. In summary, the outcomes and potential value for each technique provides opportunities to overcome formulation or dosage form limitations. While there are significant developments in solid degradable
Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps
Journal of Northeast Agricultural University (English Edition), 2015
Abstract DEA is a nonparametric method used in operation researches and economics fields for the ... more Abstract DEA is a nonparametric method used in operation researches and economics fields for the evaluation of the production frontier. It has distinct intrinsic which is worth coping with assessment problems with multiple inputs in particular with multiple outputs. This paper used De C2 R model of DEA to assess the comparative efficiency of the multiple schemes of agricultural industrial structure, at the end we chose the most favorable also known as “OPTIMAL” scheme. In addition to this, using some functional insights from DEA model non optimal schemes or less optimal schemes had also been improved to some extent. Assessment and selection of optimal schemes of agricultural industrial structure using DEA model gave a greater and better insight of agricultural industrial structure and was the first of such researches in Pakistan.
Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces, 2014
A range of fine bioactive glass (BG) fibers with different hydrolysis degree were synthesized via... more A range of fine bioactive glass (BG) fibers with different hydrolysis degree were synthesized via a sol-gel and electrospinning approach. Due to the increased water/TEOS ratio (X ratio) from 2 to 8, the SiOSi network integrity of BG fibers was dramatically enhanced. With a designed protein loading method using simulated body fluid (SBF)/bovine serum albumin (BSA) mixture solution, the tunable protein releasing was successfully achieved. The varied hydrolysis degree of BG fibers was found to induce distinctive releasing behavior. The protein release kinetics intends to present a more controlled and sustained manner with the decreased X ratio from 8 to 2, and such phenomenon is mainly attributed to the 'anchoring' effect of the crystalline apatite mineral layers formed at the fiber surface. This study has therefore offered another way of thinking in the…
Journal of drug targeting, Jan 13, 2015
A scalable platform to prepare multi-functional ocular lenses is demonstrated. Using rapidly diss... more A scalable platform to prepare multi-functional ocular lenses is demonstrated. Using rapidly dissolving polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the active stabilizing matrix, both sides of ocular lenses were coated using a modified scaled-up masking electrohydrodynamic atomization (EHDA) technique (flow rates variable between 5 and 10 µL/min, applied voltage 4-11 kV). Each side was coated (using a specially designed flip-able well) selectively with a pre-determined morphology and model drug substance. PVP nanoparticles (inner side, to be in contact with the cornea, mean size <ca.100 nm) were encapsulated with a probe (flourescein dye) and PVP nanofibres (outer side, to be exposed to air and eye lid, mean width size <ca.200 nm) were encapsulated with chloramphenicol (5 w/w% PVP). Release of the probe and anti-microbial activity (using Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 6571) were demonstrated based on rapid dissolution and contact of PVP model substance matrix. Adapting these findings further fo...
European Journal of Plastic Surgery, 2010
During firework season in the UK (October-January), many patients present to emergency department... more During firework season in the UK (October-January), many patients present to emergency departments across the country with firework-related injuries. These seasonal injuries can vary from minor skin trauma to major burns, inhalation injuries and even death in some cases. Governments have tried to improve public awareness and safety with education using multi-million pound national safety campaigns as well as clamping down on fireworks both from within and outside of the EU which fail to meet safety standards. Despite these measures, fireworkrelated injuries are increasing (2005 census Royal Society of Prevention of Accidents (RoSPA)). Reasons for this have been cited as new variations in firework design, antisocial behaviour and readily available cheap fireworks. The author conducted a retrospective study in the emergency department in Exeter from October 2006 to January 2007 highlighting 18 firework-related injuries. Of those, four patients needed referral to local burns centres and five needed admission for supportive treatment and specialty management. Prevention of firework injuries to the hand is of the utmost importance. It is hoped that an increase in public awareness will concentrate attention on precautionary measures to prevent these avoidable 'recreational' accidents. If and when accidents do occur, hand surgeons and therapists attempt to provide patients with the best possible return of hand function with a minimum disability and disfigurement. Further research together with national awareness is suggested to reduce these injuries, all for a tradition which can cost millions in healthcare and loss of earnings, but ultimately, it can cost peoples' lives.
Physica B: Condensed Matter, 2009
The present study addresses the problem of quantitative prediction of effective relative permitti... more The present study addresses the problem of quantitative prediction of effective relative permittivity, dielectric loss factor, piezoelectric charge coefficient, and Young's modulus of PZT/PVDF diphasic ceramic-polymer composite as a function of volume fraction of PZT in the different compositions. Theoretical results for effective relative permittivity derived from several dielectric mixture equations like those of Knott, Rother-Lichtenecker, Bruggeman, Maxwell-Wagner-Webmann-Skipetrov or Dias-Dasgupta, Furukawa, Lewin, Wiener, Jayasundere-Smith, Modified Cule-Torquato, Taylor, Poon-Shin and Rao et al. were fitted to the experimental data taken from previous works of Yamada et al. Similarly, the results for effective piezoelectric coefficient and Young's modulus, derived from different appropriate equations were fitted to the corresponding experimental data taken from the literature. The study revealed that only a few equations like modified Rother-Lichtenecker equation, Dias-Dasgupta equation and Rao equation for dielectric and piezoelectric properties while the four new equations developed in the present study of elastic property (Young's modulus) well fitted the corresponding experimental results. Further, the acceptable data put to various regression analyses showed that in most of the cases the third order polynomial regression analysis provided more acceptable fits.
European Journal of Plastic Surgery, 2013
ABSTRACT
European Journal of Plastic Surgery, 2009
Snakebites in the UK are uncommon. In the UK and Europe, they occur less frequently compared to t... more Snakebites in the UK are uncommon. In the UK and Europe, they occur less frequently compared to the Americas, Africa and Asia. In the UK, there is only one known indigenous poisonous snake, Vipera berus, the adder, but other snake species may be found in private collections or zoos. Snakebites in the UK tend to occur in certain 'hotspots' namely rural areas, forestry or in national parklands; parts of Scotland, Wales and the counties of Norfolk, Devon and Cornwall where the largest population of snakes exist. In the UK, the majority of snakebites are managed by emergency physicians; however, a small but significant proportion can develop complications which necessitate management by plastic and reconstructive surgeons and/or other medical specialists. Fortunately in the UK, very few indigenous snakes envenomate; therefore, we do not see the devastating and, in some cases, fatal consequences of snakebites including the cardiovascular, neurological and cutaneous sequelae. The objective of the survey performed was to provide insight into the knowledge and attitude of emergency physicians and plastic surgeons in the management of snakebites. In general, there was a good level of previous experience of managing snakebites abroad in the vast majority of cases. However, the survey findings indicated poor knowledge of the consequences of snakebites and the administration of antivenom. The authors feel better awareness and training for clinical staff who may be asked to deal with such problems would be of great benefit. Further, public awareness for holiday makers should be improved in an effort to reduce the numbers of snakebites which commonly occur in the UK.
European Journal of Plastic Surgery, 2013
The authors present a unique case of extreme distal interphalangeal joint flexion contracture in ... more The authors present a unique case of extreme distal interphalangeal joint flexion contracture in a 21-year-old gentleman. Although asymptomatic, he was concerned about the cosmesis, which prompted his attendance. With no history of trauma or other medical conditions, he reported a family history of sickle cell trait, although was sickle cell negative himself. This case illustrates that particularly in patients who may be affected by blood dyscrasias (southeast Asian, Mediterranean and African) a 'medical' diagnosis for clinical presentations which may not quite fit with the day to day clinical workload for a hand surgeon should be borne in mind. Some blood dyscrasias affect surgical outcomes as well anaesthetic safety for patients and taking a thorough history where possible is crucial and can also affect the postoperative outcome. Level of Evidence: Level V, diagnostic study.
Journal of Surgical Technique and Case Report, 2014
2008 IEEE 19th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2008
This paper studies the uplink channel of a time division multiple access (TDMA) cellular network ... more This paper studies the uplink channel of a time division multiple access (TDMA) cellular network assisted by wireless relays. Aiming at increasing the network´s transmission rate, we optimally place multiple decode-and-forward (D&F) dedicated relays within every cell. In the first part of the contribution, we consider the relays transmitting Gaussian codewords. Results show that there is almost 39% gain in the transmission rate of each cell with respect to no relaying. In the second part, we analyze the performance impact of finite set modulation at user and relays (i.e. M-PAM). With such a modulation, the gain is slightly decreased to 27%. Finally, we show that D&F relaying provides large gains in the outage capacity at the edge of the cell, with similar performance for Gaussian and M-PAM modulation.
European Journal of Plastic Surgery, 2011
European Journal of Plastic Surgery, 2009
Sir, A clinical photograph of a 47-year-old lady who tried to commit suicide by taking an overdos... more Sir, A clinical photograph of a 47-year-old lady who tried to commit suicide by taking an overdose of a commonly prescribed sedative or hypnotic drug. This lady took a zopiclone overdose and spent a total of 14 h asleep on the floor. She vomited her gastric contents, and her stomach acids caused a superficial partial thickness chemical burn affecting her nose. She was treated conservatively with dressings.
International Journal of Informatics and Communication Technology (IJ-ICT), 2013
Current internet is incompetent and inept for the current trends of communication. The architectu... more Current internet is incompetent and inept for the current trends of communication. The architecture of current internet was drafted almost 40 years ago and it is unable to cop up the problems aroused in context of security, mobility, robustness, congested traffic and vice versa of this millennium. In this paper, publish–subscribe internet routing paradigm (PSIRP) a reengineered architecture of internet is comprehensively studied, which will resolve many of the problems faced by the internet today. Keeping in view the importance of information/data, the reengineered architecture of PSIRP proffers the information–centric communication instead of host–centric communication, in response to which many of the problems of current internet will be resolved automatically. As major portion of internet is publish/subscribe in nature so PSIRP can provide a flexible, efficient and powerful architecture for future internet network design. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ij-ict.v2i3.3562
Synlett, 2012
Synlett, 2012
Supporting Information Compound characterization and experimental procedures Experimental Section... more Supporting Information Compound characterization and experimental procedures Experimental Section General: All UV-visible spectra were recorded on a Lambda 5 (Perkin Elmer) spectrophotometer with a solution concentration of c = 10-6 mol/L of the compounds. All fluorescence spectra were recorded on a Hitachi F-4010 fluorescence spectrophotometer using similar solution concentrations. The solvent (CHCl 3) was distilled before use.
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 2011
Viewpoints, pertaining to issues of general interest, are welcome, even if they are not related t... more Viewpoints, pertaining to issues of general interest, are welcome, even if they are not related to items previously published. Viewpoints may present unique techniques, brief technology updates, technical notes, and so on. Viewpoints will be published on a space-available basis because they are typically less timesensitive than Letters and other types of articles. Please note the following criteria: • Text-maximum of 500 words (not including references) • References-maximum of five • Authors-no more than five • Figures/Tables-no more than two figures and/or one table Authors will be listed in the order in which they appear in the submission. Viewpoints should be submitted electronically via PRS' enkwell, at www.editorialmanager.com/ prs/. We strongly encourage authors to submit figures in color. We reserve the right to edit Viewpoints to meet requirements of space and format. Any financial interests relevant to the content must be disclosed. Submission of a Viewpoint constitutes permission for the American Society of Plastic Surgeons and its licensees and assignees to publish it in the Journal and in any other form or medium. The views, opinions, and conclusions expressed in the Viewpoints represent the personal opinions of the individual writers and not those of the publisher, the Editorial Board, or the sponsors of the Journal. Any stated views, opinions, and conclusions do not reflect the policy of any of the sponsoring organizations or of the institutions with which the writer is affiliated, and the publisher, the Editorial Board, and the sponsoring organizations assume no responsibility for the content of such correspondence.
Microbial Cell Factories, 2007
Background Commercial medium (Pharmamedia) was investigated for the production of surfactin by Ba... more Background Commercial medium (Pharmamedia) was investigated for the production of surfactin by Bacillus subtilis MZ-7. Different media (defined, semi-defined, and complex media) were compared for the production of surfactin after fixing the least influential variables in standardized fermentation conditions. Carbohydrate and nitrogen supplements were also tried to improve production in Pharmamedia. Results Surfactin production was confirmed using PCR along with other analytical techniques and monitored by RP-HPLC and MALDI-TOF-MS. We found that optimized and brain heart infusion media were best for production of surfactin (280 mg/L) and a relatively comparable production with Pharmamedia (220 mg/L), however, supplementing Pharmamedia with Fe+ (4.0 mM) and sucrose (2 g/L) leads to a maximum production of about (300 mg/L). Conclusion Cottonseed-derived medium proved to be a suitable substrate for the production of bioactive substances including surfactin, a useful compound in both med...