Serge Nadeau | University of Ottawa | Université d'Ottawa (original) (raw)
Papers by Serge Nadeau
tion through a framework relating the real This paper presents a model for the and financial deci... more tion through a framework relating the real This paper presents a model for the and financial decisions, the most ambi- analysis of the joint effects of taxation on tious are those of Brimmer and Sinai the real and financial decisions of the firm. (1976), and of Sinai et al. (1982). In these The model is composed of three recursive studies, the integration of the firm's real equations: a dividend payout rate equa- and financial decisions is made by incor- porating financial flow-of-funds con- tion, an external financing-mix equation' straints into a Jorgensonian model of in- and an investment equation. The link be- 4
Canadian Public Policy, 2010
Using a variant of the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition method, I find no evidence that, outside Queb... more Using a variant of the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition method, I find no evidence that, outside Quebec, there was at any point in time between 1970 and 2000, a labour market advantage for Anglophones that cannot be explained by a higher relative demand for English skills, whether in the public sector or the private sector. However, I find that in Quebec's public sector, between 1970 and 2000, Francophones enjoyed a wage premium that may have gone beyond language skill considerations and that I cannot explain. Such a premium also appears to have been present in Quebec's private sector in 2000.
Applied Economics, 1994
This paper analyses the impact of taxation on corporate financing and corporate investment in mac... more This paper analyses the impact of taxation on corporate financing and corporate investment in machinery and equipment in Canada. A coherent macroeconometric model of the firm's real and financial decision process is theoretically developed and empirically tested on Canadian data. Estimates of the impact of taxation in general and of the 1987 Canadian government's White Paper in particular, are analysed. The estimates suggest that income taxation has a negative but relatively small impact on equipment investment in Canada, and that models that ignore the link between the real and financial decisions overestimate the impact of taxation on real investment. With respect to tax reform, the White Paper reduces the incentive to save and invest in equity capital, and is expected to decrease real capital investment in the long run.
This paper explores reasons why the employment rate gap between immigrants and Canadian born indi... more This paper explores reasons why the employment rate gap between immigrants and Canadian born individuals is larger in Montreal than in Toronto. A major reason is language: relative to Canadian born individuals, immigrants in Montreal are significantly less likely to know French than their Toronto counterparts to know English and their knowledge of French is less rewarded by employers than their Toronto counterparts' knowledge of English. We also find that holding other factors constant, the performance of immigrants according to their countries of origin is remarkably similar in Montreal and Toronto: in both metropolitan areas, immigrants from Europe and India generally perform better than immigrants from China, Taiwan and Muslim countries. While we do not find any evidence that Quebec's different immigration policy is causing the larger immigrant employment rate gap in Montreal, we cannot rule out the possibility that immigrants would be subject to more labour market discri...
With data from the 2006 Canadian census, we investigate the determinants and the economic values ... more With data from the 2006 Canadian census, we investigate the determinants and the economic values of different languages used at work in the Montreal metropolitan area. The working population is divided into three mother tongues groups: French, English and Others. Three indicators are defined: use of French at work as a second language, and use of an official language at work as opposed to an non-official language. One interesting result is that there is no relationship between schooling and the use of French at work for the English mother tongue group, while schooling is positively related to the use of English at work for the French mothe tongue group and to the use of an offical language at work for the Other mother tongues group. We look at the returns to using a second language at work by means of earnings regressions (with both OLS and IV to account for the endogeneity of the language of work). We find that for the English mother tongue group, using French at work does not pay....
IZA Journal of Migration, 2014
Canadian Public Policy, 2010
This paper examines the nature of and the differences between the immigrant male wage gap in Queb... more This paper examines the nature of and the differences between the immigrant male wage gap in Quebec and that in the rest of Canada (ROC) over the period 1980 to 2000. Relative to Canadian born individuals, immigrants in the ROC have been consistently, and increasingly, faring better than immigrants in Quebec. We cannot conclude that this is either a consequence of Quebec having different immigration policies than the ROC, as the wage gap would be even larger if Quebec attracted the same immigrants as the ROC, or that immigrants are more discriminated against in Quebec. We find that the increased differential in the Quebec-ROC immigrant wage gap mostly reflects changes in the premium earned by immigrants who become citizens over those who remain landed immigrants, which virtually disappeared in Quebec while remaining stable in the ROC over the period.
Atlantic Economic Journal, 1997
ABSTRACT This paper investigates the proposition that violence is a significant determinant of pl... more ABSTRACT This paper investigates the proposition that violence is a significant determinant of player salary and employment in the National Hockey League. The basic hypothesis is that teams are composed of two types of player: the skill player whose performance and reward depends on scoring and the like and the physical player who is rewarded for bringing violence to the game. Testing this hypothesis ultimately involves constructing a model of salary determination and testing for the joint equality of the coefficients of skill and physical players. The data consist of a sample of 388 players for the 1989–90 season. The major conclusion is that the coefficients of the estimated models are significantly different for skill and physical players, thus confirming the hypothesized distinction.
Applied Economics, 1993
ABSTRACT A methodology for testing the statistical significance of wage discrimination is present... more ABSTRACT A methodology for testing the statistical significance of wage discrimination is presented from two perspectives: first, the question of whether or not wage discrimination is present; and second, the question of whether or not wage discrimination is of sufficient magnitude to make a statistically significant contribution to the earnings advantage of the majority group. Using this methodology, the total effect of within occupation wage discrimination against females at a large Canadian public sector employer is estimated to be statistically insignificiant. At the same time, occupational femaleness has a negative effect on female earnings so that a pay equity programme is estimated to reduce the earnings advantage of males at this employer by 27–37%
Applied Economics, 1999
ABSTRACT The paper considers the impact of potential minority (Francophone, American, European) e... more ABSTRACT The paper considers the impact of potential minority (Francophone, American, European) ethnic (language, culture) discrimination on salary determination in the National Hockey League. Using player salary data for the 1989/90 season, a regression model of salary determination is constructed which includes variables measuring productivity (skills), market structure, and allows for several ethnic influences including minority discrimination, ethnically shaped consumer preferences and reservation wages. The basic conclusion is that wages are principally determined by productivity and market structure, and the only evidence of discrimination is found in the ethnically influenced consumer preference of American, as opposed to Canadian, teams.
Journal of Human Capital, 2014
There is increasing evidence in the economic development literature that the quality of schooling... more There is increasing evidence in the economic development literature that the quality of schooling considerably varies across countries that are at different stages in their economic development. However, an issue that has been overlooked is the role of the quality of work experience in explaining differences in economic development. This paper uses Canadian census data on immigrant earnings to show that per capita GDP in the country of origin can be used as a quality indicator for both education and work experience. Coefficients estimated from immigrant earnings regressions are then used to estimate the effects of difference in human capital quality on development gaps between rich and poor countries. The analysis shows that while differences in the quality of schooling account for substantial differences in living standards across countries, differences in the quality of work experience can account for even more. Policywise, our results suggest that the immediate effects of improving the quality and the quantity of schooling in less-developed countries might be rather limited if labour-market institutions and ways of doing things are not changed at the same time to improve the quality of work experience.
tion through a framework relating the real This paper presents a model for the and financial deci... more tion through a framework relating the real This paper presents a model for the and financial decisions, the most ambi- analysis of the joint effects of taxation on tious are those of Brimmer and Sinai the real and financial decisions of the firm. (1976), and of Sinai et al. (1982). In these The model is composed of three recursive studies, the integration of the firm's real equations: a dividend payout rate equa- and financial decisions is made by incor- porating financial flow-of-funds con- tion, an external financing-mix equation' straints into a Jorgensonian model of in- and an investment equation. The link be- 4
Canadian Public Policy, 2010
Using a variant of the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition method, I find no evidence that, outside Queb... more Using a variant of the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition method, I find no evidence that, outside Quebec, there was at any point in time between 1970 and 2000, a labour market advantage for Anglophones that cannot be explained by a higher relative demand for English skills, whether in the public sector or the private sector. However, I find that in Quebec's public sector, between 1970 and 2000, Francophones enjoyed a wage premium that may have gone beyond language skill considerations and that I cannot explain. Such a premium also appears to have been present in Quebec's private sector in 2000.
Applied Economics, 1994
This paper analyses the impact of taxation on corporate financing and corporate investment in mac... more This paper analyses the impact of taxation on corporate financing and corporate investment in machinery and equipment in Canada. A coherent macroeconometric model of the firm's real and financial decision process is theoretically developed and empirically tested on Canadian data. Estimates of the impact of taxation in general and of the 1987 Canadian government's White Paper in particular, are analysed. The estimates suggest that income taxation has a negative but relatively small impact on equipment investment in Canada, and that models that ignore the link between the real and financial decisions overestimate the impact of taxation on real investment. With respect to tax reform, the White Paper reduces the incentive to save and invest in equity capital, and is expected to decrease real capital investment in the long run.
This paper explores reasons why the employment rate gap between immigrants and Canadian born indi... more This paper explores reasons why the employment rate gap between immigrants and Canadian born individuals is larger in Montreal than in Toronto. A major reason is language: relative to Canadian born individuals, immigrants in Montreal are significantly less likely to know French than their Toronto counterparts to know English and their knowledge of French is less rewarded by employers than their Toronto counterparts' knowledge of English. We also find that holding other factors constant, the performance of immigrants according to their countries of origin is remarkably similar in Montreal and Toronto: in both metropolitan areas, immigrants from Europe and India generally perform better than immigrants from China, Taiwan and Muslim countries. While we do not find any evidence that Quebec's different immigration policy is causing the larger immigrant employment rate gap in Montreal, we cannot rule out the possibility that immigrants would be subject to more labour market discri...
With data from the 2006 Canadian census, we investigate the determinants and the economic values ... more With data from the 2006 Canadian census, we investigate the determinants and the economic values of different languages used at work in the Montreal metropolitan area. The working population is divided into three mother tongues groups: French, English and Others. Three indicators are defined: use of French at work as a second language, and use of an official language at work as opposed to an non-official language. One interesting result is that there is no relationship between schooling and the use of French at work for the English mother tongue group, while schooling is positively related to the use of English at work for the French mothe tongue group and to the use of an offical language at work for the Other mother tongues group. We look at the returns to using a second language at work by means of earnings regressions (with both OLS and IV to account for the endogeneity of the language of work). We find that for the English mother tongue group, using French at work does not pay....
IZA Journal of Migration, 2014
Canadian Public Policy, 2010
This paper examines the nature of and the differences between the immigrant male wage gap in Queb... more This paper examines the nature of and the differences between the immigrant male wage gap in Quebec and that in the rest of Canada (ROC) over the period 1980 to 2000. Relative to Canadian born individuals, immigrants in the ROC have been consistently, and increasingly, faring better than immigrants in Quebec. We cannot conclude that this is either a consequence of Quebec having different immigration policies than the ROC, as the wage gap would be even larger if Quebec attracted the same immigrants as the ROC, or that immigrants are more discriminated against in Quebec. We find that the increased differential in the Quebec-ROC immigrant wage gap mostly reflects changes in the premium earned by immigrants who become citizens over those who remain landed immigrants, which virtually disappeared in Quebec while remaining stable in the ROC over the period.
Atlantic Economic Journal, 1997
ABSTRACT This paper investigates the proposition that violence is a significant determinant of pl... more ABSTRACT This paper investigates the proposition that violence is a significant determinant of player salary and employment in the National Hockey League. The basic hypothesis is that teams are composed of two types of player: the skill player whose performance and reward depends on scoring and the like and the physical player who is rewarded for bringing violence to the game. Testing this hypothesis ultimately involves constructing a model of salary determination and testing for the joint equality of the coefficients of skill and physical players. The data consist of a sample of 388 players for the 1989–90 season. The major conclusion is that the coefficients of the estimated models are significantly different for skill and physical players, thus confirming the hypothesized distinction.
Applied Economics, 1993
ABSTRACT A methodology for testing the statistical significance of wage discrimination is present... more ABSTRACT A methodology for testing the statistical significance of wage discrimination is presented from two perspectives: first, the question of whether or not wage discrimination is present; and second, the question of whether or not wage discrimination is of sufficient magnitude to make a statistically significant contribution to the earnings advantage of the majority group. Using this methodology, the total effect of within occupation wage discrimination against females at a large Canadian public sector employer is estimated to be statistically insignificiant. At the same time, occupational femaleness has a negative effect on female earnings so that a pay equity programme is estimated to reduce the earnings advantage of males at this employer by 27–37%
Applied Economics, 1999
ABSTRACT The paper considers the impact of potential minority (Francophone, American, European) e... more ABSTRACT The paper considers the impact of potential minority (Francophone, American, European) ethnic (language, culture) discrimination on salary determination in the National Hockey League. Using player salary data for the 1989/90 season, a regression model of salary determination is constructed which includes variables measuring productivity (skills), market structure, and allows for several ethnic influences including minority discrimination, ethnically shaped consumer preferences and reservation wages. The basic conclusion is that wages are principally determined by productivity and market structure, and the only evidence of discrimination is found in the ethnically influenced consumer preference of American, as opposed to Canadian, teams.
Journal of Human Capital, 2014
There is increasing evidence in the economic development literature that the quality of schooling... more There is increasing evidence in the economic development literature that the quality of schooling considerably varies across countries that are at different stages in their economic development. However, an issue that has been overlooked is the role of the quality of work experience in explaining differences in economic development. This paper uses Canadian census data on immigrant earnings to show that per capita GDP in the country of origin can be used as a quality indicator for both education and work experience. Coefficients estimated from immigrant earnings regressions are then used to estimate the effects of difference in human capital quality on development gaps between rich and poor countries. The analysis shows that while differences in the quality of schooling account for substantial differences in living standards across countries, differences in the quality of work experience can account for even more. Policywise, our results suggest that the immediate effects of improving the quality and the quantity of schooling in less-developed countries might be rather limited if labour-market institutions and ways of doing things are not changed at the same time to improve the quality of work experience.