Rhayan Melendres | University of the Philippines Diliman (original) (raw)

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Papers by Rhayan Melendres

Central to the process of doing archaeology is the necessity for under-standing the chronological... more Central to the process of doing archaeology is the necessity for under-standing the chronological sequencing of archaeological entities and past events and understanding the method that was used in doing so. Without a firm grasp of this sequencing, archaeologists would not be able to deal with issues of behaviour-al process and evolution. For this reason, dating the past has been one of the most crucial methodological problems facing archaeologists. Two sources of dating were used in identifying the age of Babo Balukbuk, Porac, Pampanga, Philippines namely: tradeware ceramics dating and radiocarbon dating. The system that I developed that was published earlier will be employed in identifying and docu-menting the tradeware ceramics found in the site. Also, the radiocarbon dates will be used to validate and cross-check the dates of the ceramics. Then, this paper will discuss the results of these dating techniques and their implications and signifi-cance in understanding better the pre...

Hukay, Mar 25, 2014

There is a need to improve on the practice of analysing oriental tradeware ceramics found in Phil... more There is a need to improve on the practice of analysing oriental tradeware ceramics found in Philippine archaeological sites. The current practices mostly depend on authority and the process of identification is not presented. Oriental tradeware ceramics, in this study, are defined as the porcelain and stoneware that originated from Asia specifically from the current nation states of China, Thailand, Vietnam and Burma. The first part of the paper is a review of oriental tradeware studies done in the Philippines as well as their documentation. Then, this research proposes a determination system for excavated oriental tradeware ceramics composed of two parts: identification and documentation. Reporting the cross referencing of available ceramic data and stating the level of confidence of the identification are some of the new steps added in this oriental tradeware ceramics determination system. Then, the database shall be encoded into a digital form for documentation.

SPAFACON 2021: Papers from the SEAMEO SPAFA International Conference on Southeast Asian Archaeology and Fine Arts, 13-17 December 2021, 2021

In 1986, SEAMEO SPAFA conducted training in Ethnoarchaeology in Bagacay, Talibon, from July 22 to... more In 1986, SEAMEO SPAFA conducted training in Ethnoarchaeology in Bagacay, Talibon, from July 22 to September 22. From the training workshop and ethnographic fieldwork in the village, Mary Jane Calderon and Thelma Roales, who attended the course, wrote an article for the SPAFA Digest in 1987 to describe the village’s pottery-making tradition. After 30 years, I re-visited and conducted pottery studies in Bagagay, Talibon pre-pandemic in 2017 to 2018 and during the pandemic in 2021. Using ethnoarchaeology as a research strategy and participant observation and survey interview as methods, I will identify and describe the ceramic production, organization, and distribution changes in Bagacay, Talibon, Bohol for the last 30 years and during this pandemic. Noong 1986, and SEAMEO SPAFA ay nagsagawa ng pagsasanay sa Ethnoarkeolohiya sa Bagacay, Talibon noong Hunyo 22 hanggang Setyembre 22. Pagkatapos ng pagsasanay at ethnograpikong pagaaral sa komunidad, sina Mary Jane Calderon at Thelma Roale...

Proceedings of the Society of Philippine Archaeologists Vol 8: 1 - 16, 2016

TEST PIT Chronicle of the University of the Philippines Archaeological Studies Program Vol 20-21: 30-341:, 2015

Proceedings of the Society of Philippine Archaeologists Volume 8:1-16, 2017

TEST PIT Bulletin of the University of the Philippines Archaeological Studies Program , 2018

Cover photo by Jose Alain Austria ASP Field School 2018

Hukay, Mar 26, 2014

The demographic upheavals that altered the social landscape of the Southwest from the thirteenth ... more The demographic upheavals that altered the social landscape of the Southwest from the thirteenth through the seventeenth centuries forced peoples from diverse backgrounds to literally remake their worlds—transformations in community, identity, and power that are only beginning to be understood through innovations in decorated ceramics. In addition to aesthetic changes that included new color schemes, new painting techniques, alterations in design, and a greater emphasis on iconographic imagery, some of the wares reflect a new production efficiency resulting from more specialized household and community-based industries. Also, they were traded over longer distances and were used more often in public ceremonies than earlier ceramic types. Through the study of glaze-painted pottery, archaeologists are beginning to understand that pots had “social lives” in this changing world and that careful reconstruction of the social lives of pots can help us understand the social lives of Puebloan peoples. In this book, fifteen contributors apply a wide range of technological and stylistic analysis techniques to pottery of the Rio Grande and Western Pueblo areas to show what it reveals about inter- and intra-community dynamics, work groups, migration, trade, and ideology in the precontact and early postcontact Puebloan world. Through material evidence, the contributors reveal that technological and aesthetic innovations were deliberately manipulated and disseminated to actively construct “communities of practice” that cut across language and settlement groups. The Social Life of Pots offers a wealth of new data from this crucial period of prehistory and is an important baseline for future work in this area.

Bhatter College Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies , 2014

Candaba Swamp, popularly known as “Pinac,” is one of the most panoramic wetland in the Philippine... more Candaba Swamp, popularly known as “Pinac,” is one of the most panoramic wetland in the Philippines. It is located in Candaba, Pampanga, Central Luzon Island, Philippines. Aside from being the location of one of the oldest settlements in Central Luzon, it is a famous site because of its diverse and multiform fauna and flora and its exotic ecosystem. The whole swamp is about 32 000 hectares during rainy seasons but is then reduced to 10 000 hectares during the dry or summer seasons. Presently, the swamp is utilized all throughout the year. During summer which is every January to May, the swamp is primarily used for rice and watermelon production. From June to December which is usually the rainy season, the swamp serves as a fishing ground and stop over of migratory birds from Siberia and China. This paper discusses the utilization of the Candaba Swamp from prehistoric to the present time and uses different data from different disciplines for each time epoch. For the prehistoric time, archaeological data was mainly used to elucidate the importance of the swamp to the people inhabiting it. On the other hand, archaeological data, historical account and other archival data were employed to discuss the exploitation of this wetland especially during the time when the entire country is under the Spanish colonialization. Finally, for the present time, ethnographic data and archival records were used to show the significance of the swamp to the present people of Candaba, Pampanga, Central Luzon, Philippines.

HUKAY Journal in Archaeological research in Asia and the Pacific, 2014

Central to the process of doing archaeology is the necessity for understanding the chronological ... more Central to the process of doing archaeology is the necessity for understanding the chronological sequencing of archaeological entities and past events and understanding the method that was used in doing so. Without a firm grasp of this sequencing, archaeologists would not be able to deal with issues of behavioural process and evolution. For this reason, dating the past has been one of the most crucial methodological problems facing archaeologists. Two sources of dating were used in identifying the age of Babo Balukbuk, Porac, Pampanga, Philippines namely: tradeware ceramics dating and radiocarbon dating. The system that I developed that was published earlier will be employed in identifying and documenting the tradeware ceramics found in the site. Also, the radiocarbon dates will be used to validate and cross-check the dates of the ceramics. Then, this paper will discuss the results of these dating techniques and their implications and significance in understanding better the pre-Spanish people of Pampanga, Philippines.

HUKAY Journal in Archaeological Research in Asia and the Pacific , 2012