Ada Perez | Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (original) (raw)
Papers by Ada Perez
The purpose of this article is to display the new scientific knowledges regarding dental caries, ... more The purpose of this article is to display the new scientific knowledges regarding dental caries, it includes: 1) The behaviour of dental plaque as a biofilm in the etiology of disease; 2) The infectious origin of dental caries from a point of view of bacterial opportunism; 3) The importance of focusing toward teh vertical transmission of mutans strptococci; 4) The dynamic progress of the disease and 5) A medical approach to dental caries using more conservative preventive and therapeutic methods.
This paper discusses a central paradigm related to cariology. It concerns about dental caries as ... more This paper discusses a central paradigm related to cariology. It concerns about dental caries as
an infectious disease used synonymously with a transmittable one. New advances on molecular
techniques have provided us novel insights about the indigenous oral microflora and how dental
plaque function as a biofilm. A recent hypothesis describes the relationship existing between
plaque bacteria and the host in health and disease. There is evidence that dental caries is not a
classical infectious disease. Rather it results from an ecological shift in the tooth-surface
biofilm. On the other hand, transmission of SM from mother to child does not involve that the
disease will take place, otherwise, dental caries belongs to common "complex" or "multifactorial"
diseases in which many genetic, environmental and behavioural risk factors interacts.
This review describes current knowledge about the probiotic approach for dental caries prevention... more This review describes current knowledge about the probiotic approach for dental caries prevention.
Results from recent studies have shown that certain particular species used as probiotics may
exert beneficial effects in the oral cavity, particularly, by controling cariogenic members of the
microbiota. There are reasons to believe that the probiotic mechanism of action are the same
in the mouth as they are in the gastrointestinal tract. However, research is still limited on the
probiotic action in the oral cavity. More information is needed on the colonization of probiotic
species and their possible effect on oral biofilm.
Purpose: The aim of this in vivo study was to asses the performance of a laser fluorescence techn... more Purpose: The aim of this in vivo study was to asses the performance of a laser fluorescence
technique and compare the values with those of visual inspection and bitewing radiography for
occlusal caries diagnosis in second primary molars in children aged 6-8 years. Methods: 138
teeth with macroscopically intact occlusal surfaces were examined by a single examiner, using
both the laser fluorescence technique and visual inspection. Measurements were recorded for
mesial, central and distal pits. The teeth were cleaned before examination. A second calibrated
examiner evaluated the bitewing radiographies. Results: Z test (p<0,05) showed difference for
all three techniques in sound and caries conditions. Laser fluorescence showed, in comparison
with the conventional techniques, a high sensitivity but a low specificity. The values for
sensitivity and specificity were: 0,92 and 0,42 (laser fluorescence) and 0,51 and 0,55 (visual
inspection). Mc Nemar test (p<0,0001) showed difference between techniques. Histological
validation was not possible in this clinical study, but it appeared that the laser fluorescence
technique was overscoring some stained fissures. Intra-examiner reproducibility was good for
laser fluorescence (kappa 0,83) and low for visual inspection (kappa 0,37). Conclusions: Laser
fluorescence does not appear to be a useful adjunct technique for occlusal caries diagnosis in
primary molars. The distal fissure of maxillary second primary molars was the most affected
site by caries lesion.
Keywords: DENTAL CARIES
Dental plaque is a type of bio-film which is defined as a diverse microbial community found on th... more Dental plaque is a type of bio-film which is defined as a diverse microbial community found on
the tooth surface embedded in a matrix of polymers of bacterial and salivary origin. Plaque
formation involves the interaction between early bacterial colonisers and the acquired enamel
pellicle. Secondary colonisers adhere to the already attached early bacteria through specific
molecular interactions. As the bio-film develops, gradients in biologically significant factors
develop, and these permit the co-existence of species that would be incompatible with each
other in a homogenous environment. Dental plaque develops naturally, but it is also associated
with two of the most prevalent diseases (dental caries and periodontal diseases). A novel hypothesis
(the “ecological plaque hypothesis”) describes the relationship between plaque bacteria
and host in health and in disease. Implicit in this hypothesis is the concept that diseases can be
prevented not only by directly inhibiting the putative pathogens, but also by interfering with
the environmental factors driving the selection and enrichment of these bacteria. Thus, more
holistic strategies could be established for disease control and treatment of oral diseases.
The purpose of this article is to display the new scientific knowledges regarding dental caries, ... more The purpose of this article is to display the new scientific knowledges regarding dental caries, it includes: 1) The behaviour of dental plaque as a biofilm in the etiology of disease; 2) The infectious origin of dental caries from a point of view of bacterial opportunism; 3) The importance of focusing toward teh vertical transmission of mutans strptococci; 4) The dynamic progress of the disease and 5) A medical approach to dental caries using more conservative preventive and therapeutic methods.
This paper discusses a central paradigm related to cariology. It concerns about dental caries as ... more This paper discusses a central paradigm related to cariology. It concerns about dental caries as
an infectious disease used synonymously with a transmittable one. New advances on molecular
techniques have provided us novel insights about the indigenous oral microflora and how dental
plaque function as a biofilm. A recent hypothesis describes the relationship existing between
plaque bacteria and the host in health and disease. There is evidence that dental caries is not a
classical infectious disease. Rather it results from an ecological shift in the tooth-surface
biofilm. On the other hand, transmission of SM from mother to child does not involve that the
disease will take place, otherwise, dental caries belongs to common "complex" or "multifactorial"
diseases in which many genetic, environmental and behavioural risk factors interacts.
This review describes current knowledge about the probiotic approach for dental caries prevention... more This review describes current knowledge about the probiotic approach for dental caries prevention.
Results from recent studies have shown that certain particular species used as probiotics may
exert beneficial effects in the oral cavity, particularly, by controling cariogenic members of the
microbiota. There are reasons to believe that the probiotic mechanism of action are the same
in the mouth as they are in the gastrointestinal tract. However, research is still limited on the
probiotic action in the oral cavity. More information is needed on the colonization of probiotic
species and their possible effect on oral biofilm.
Purpose: The aim of this in vivo study was to asses the performance of a laser fluorescence techn... more Purpose: The aim of this in vivo study was to asses the performance of a laser fluorescence
technique and compare the values with those of visual inspection and bitewing radiography for
occlusal caries diagnosis in second primary molars in children aged 6-8 years. Methods: 138
teeth with macroscopically intact occlusal surfaces were examined by a single examiner, using
both the laser fluorescence technique and visual inspection. Measurements were recorded for
mesial, central and distal pits. The teeth were cleaned before examination. A second calibrated
examiner evaluated the bitewing radiographies. Results: Z test (p<0,05) showed difference for
all three techniques in sound and caries conditions. Laser fluorescence showed, in comparison
with the conventional techniques, a high sensitivity but a low specificity. The values for
sensitivity and specificity were: 0,92 and 0,42 (laser fluorescence) and 0,51 and 0,55 (visual
inspection). Mc Nemar test (p<0,0001) showed difference between techniques. Histological
validation was not possible in this clinical study, but it appeared that the laser fluorescence
technique was overscoring some stained fissures. Intra-examiner reproducibility was good for
laser fluorescence (kappa 0,83) and low for visual inspection (kappa 0,37). Conclusions: Laser
fluorescence does not appear to be a useful adjunct technique for occlusal caries diagnosis in
primary molars. The distal fissure of maxillary second primary molars was the most affected
site by caries lesion.
Keywords: DENTAL CARIES
Dental plaque is a type of bio-film which is defined as a diverse microbial community found on th... more Dental plaque is a type of bio-film which is defined as a diverse microbial community found on
the tooth surface embedded in a matrix of polymers of bacterial and salivary origin. Plaque
formation involves the interaction between early bacterial colonisers and the acquired enamel
pellicle. Secondary colonisers adhere to the already attached early bacteria through specific
molecular interactions. As the bio-film develops, gradients in biologically significant factors
develop, and these permit the co-existence of species that would be incompatible with each
other in a homogenous environment. Dental plaque develops naturally, but it is also associated
with two of the most prevalent diseases (dental caries and periodontal diseases). A novel hypothesis
(the “ecological plaque hypothesis”) describes the relationship between plaque bacteria
and host in health and in disease. Implicit in this hypothesis is the concept that diseases can be
prevented not only by directly inhibiting the putative pathogens, but also by interfering with
the environmental factors driving the selection and enrichment of these bacteria. Thus, more
holistic strategies could be established for disease control and treatment of oral diseases.