Muaaz Sayed | University Of Peshawar (original) (raw)

Papers by Muaaz Sayed

The first republic in Afghanistan was established by Sardar mohammad Daood Khan in 1973 and the s... more The first republic in Afghanistan was established by Sardar mohammad Daood Khan in 1973 and the second was established after 2001 under the Bonn Agreement. According to the Agreement the first will establish an interim government and after it a transitional government. Transitional administration had the task of drafting a constitution and to Facilitate presidential elections. The republic until 2021, ruled by two presidents, Hamid Karzai and Mohammad Ashraf Ghani, and collapsed with the re-establishment of the Islamic Emirate. This study discusses the nature of the form of government in accordance with the constitution and what problems it had. The significance of this study lies in the fact that the government in light of the "Constitution" in Afghanistan has identified shortcomings that have made governance controversial. Identifying these shortcomings can help create a system in the future that is capable of doing good governance. Secondary sources have been used in the process, which is qualitative in nature. Books, laws, magazines, journals, newspapers, and other materials are examples of secondary sources. Finally achieved that the government in Afghanistan through 2004 constitution was centralized in which local government had the role of Implementer of plans which would be created by the central administrations. The separation of powers and balance was overshadowed by a powerful executive branch. Relatively weak parliament and increased control of the executive branch on judiciary were some of the issues that plagued governance and caused constant controversy between the government and parliament.

Regional connectivity is one of the aims of the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). Positive... more Regional connectivity is one of the aims of the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). Positive effects of CPEC will be felt throughout the region, including in Iran, Afghanistan, the Central Asian Republic, and beyond. Improved roads, rail, air transportation, more frequent and free exchanges of growth, people-to-people contact, increased understanding through academic, cultural, and regional knowledge, increased trade and business activity, increased production and movement of energy for more efficient business operations, and increased cooperation based on a win-win model will all contribute to a more connected and integrated region. The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is an important step toward regionalizing the global economy. It created a framework for harmony, growth, and mutual benefit. The China–Pakistan Economic Corridor represents future prosperity, stability, and peace in the area. We analyses how CPEC will impact China's economic and geopolitical ties to the Middle Eastern countries, focusing on the Gulf Cooperation Council states (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates) and Iran. Most of these nations rely heavily on commerce with China and export great amounts of oil and natural gas to China. These countries are also crucial investment partners for China because of the large amounts of money generated from oil exports.

The development of numerous ventures which includes organizational structures, growths, and servi... more The development of numerous ventures which includes organizational structures, growths, and services, has been documented for the period of a long time as an essential part of the politics of the globe. It is quite evident that the centre of financial power is transforming from West to East. Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has provided Pakistan and its surrounded countries with prominent opportunities through establishing and participating in the platform for masses in Central, West, South Asia, Middle East, and Africa. China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is a flagship project that is part of BRI. CPEC is the typical appearance of the conjunction of geo-strategic and geo-economic benefits of the two partners. Whereas the contemporary financial prudence would fulfill the financial benefits of Pakistan and China to enhance the development through mutual benefit in organizational structures & would correspond the efforts to secure common adversaries in forthcoming. CPEC is the significant initiative to establish energy, highway, port infrastructure & to expand financial networks among both countries. As this initiative has been acknowledged in Pakistan and China but there are various problems which equal partners must deal with cooperation, devotion, hard work, and with use of magnificent skills. The paper focuses on the development of CPEC and the benefits that are accomplished by both states. It also shed light on the geostrategic importance of Pakistan. The economic corridor is highly valued by Pakistan, and it has been signified in the terms of mutual benefit of economic and political growth

This paper discusses the implications of the recent fall of Afghanistan to the Taliban and its im... more This paper discusses the implications of the recent fall of Afghanistan to the Taliban and its impact on the region and global politics. The paper argues that the United States needs to acknowledge the strategic failure in Afghanistan and gain insights from it, including engaging with the Taliban to ensure a sustainable political settlement in Kabul. The paper also emphasizes on the importance of positively interacting with the Taliban to tackle significant issues, such as eradicating terrorist's organizations and stopping Afghanistan from becoming a hub for terrorist activities. The paper highlights the challenges associated with the Taliban's governance, particularly in terms of human rights, and argues that instead of continuing adversarial relations, the United States should work with regional powers to encourage the Taliban to adopt a more inclusive political system. The paper also underscores the importance of international recognition for the Taliban, which could be used as leverage to negotiate for more leniency in governance, particularly with regard to human rights and counterterrorism measures Overall, the paper proposes that the collaboration of regional powers, including China, Russia, Pakistan, and Iran, supported by the United States, could persuade the Taliban to progress towards an all-encompassing political framework, leading to a stable political resolution for the competing factions in Afghanistan.

Journal of Higher Education and Development Studies (JHEDS)

Journal of Pakistan-China Studies (JPCS)

Journal of Higher Education and Development Studies (JHEDS)

This paper discusses the implications of the recent fall of Afghanistan to the Taliban and its im... more This paper discusses the implications of the recent fall of Afghanistan to the Taliban and its impact on the region and global politics. The paper argues that the United States needs to accept the strategic defeat in Afghanistan and learn from its mistakes, including engaging with the Taliban to ensure a sustainable political settlement in Kabul. The paper also emphasizes the need for constructive engagement with the Taliban to address the bigger challenges, such as dismantling ISIS and al-Qaeda, and preventing the country from becoming a breeding ground for terrorism. The paper highlights the challenges associated with the Taliban's governance, particularly in terms of human rights, and argues that instead of continuing adversarial relations, the United States should work with regional powers to encourage the Taliban to adopt a more inclusive political system. The paper also underscores the importance of international recognition for the Taliban, which could be used as leverage...

The main question this paper answer is: To what extent is Obama's Afghan policy a departure from ... more The main question this paper answer is: To what extent is Obama's Afghan policy a departure from or an extension of his predecessor's legacy regarding Afghanistan? To answer the question, the paper is divided into three main sections: The first section presents a brief historical background of the US policy towards Afghanistan, starting with the Soviet intervention in Afghanistan. The second section deals with the policies of the Bush administration towards Afghanistan after September 11, including its conduct of war. The third and most detailed section looks into the Obama administration's policies toward the Afghan War. The focus of this section remains on highlighting the main trends in the US-Afghan policy during the Obama years. The paper does not detail the merits or demerits of Bush's or Obama's approach to the Afghan War. The intent is to merely highlight the existence of a different Afghan policy during the Obama years.

Journal of Pakistan-China Studies (JPCS), 2021

Journal of Higher Education and Development Studies (JHEDS)

Journal of Pakistan-China Studies (JPCS)

Journal of Higher Education and Development Studies (JHEDS)

This paper discusses the implications of the recent fall of Afghanistan to the Taliban and its im... more This paper discusses the implications of the recent fall of Afghanistan to the Taliban and its impact on the region and global politics. The paper argues that the United States needs to accept the strategic defeat in Afghanistan and learn from its mistakes, including engaging with the Taliban to ensure a sustainable political settlement in Kabul. The paper also emphasizes the need for constructive engagement with the Taliban to address the bigger challenges, such as dismantling ISIS and al-Qaeda, and preventing the country from becoming a breeding ground for terrorism. The paper highlights the challenges associated with the Taliban's governance, particularly in terms of human rights, and argues that instead of continuing adversarial relations, the United States should work with regional powers to encourage the Taliban to adopt a more inclusive political system. The paper also underscores the importance of international recognition for the Taliban, which could be used as leverage...

Journal of Pakistan-China Studies (JPCS), 2021