César Sanchidrián | Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (original) (raw)

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Papers by César Sanchidrián

The crypt of the Hospital of San Juan Bautista in Toledo, Spain, is part of a Renaissance archite... more The crypt of the Hospital of San Juan Bautista in Toledo, Spain, is part of a Renaissance architectural complex with a great patrimonial value. It has a Greek cross floor plan and is covered by four barrel vaults and a central hemispherical vault. Its geometry produces various acoustical effects like echoes, sound focalization, and whisper in the galleries. In the present study, the acoustic parameters of this unique space have been measured. And, two simulation models have been generated: the first, based on the current crypt's geometry and, the second, using the geometry of this space in the XVI century, eliminating changes carried out afterward, with the purpose of restoring the original acoustic characteristics of the crypt. RESUMEN La cripta del Hospital de San Juan Bautista de Toledo es un espacio integrado en un complejo arquitectónico renacentista de gran valor patrimonial. Presenta planta de cruz griega cerrada por cuatro bóvedas de cañón y una central de vuelta de horno. Su geometría hace que se produzcan en su interior ecos, focalizaciones y susurro de galerías. En este estudio se han medido parámetros acústicos y se han generado dos modelos de simulación, uno según la geometría actual y un segundo en el que se han eliminado las modificaciones realizadas con el fin de restaurar la acústica original del siglo XVI.

An in-depth study of the cathedral's function and its liturgy is essential for evaluating the cat... more An in-depth study of the cathedral's function and its liturgy is essential for evaluating the cathedral's acoustic conditions from a historical point of view. In most cases, ceremonials, missals, books of anniversaries, processionals, choirbooks, chapter acts, etc. clearly outline the exact position, movement, order, sound level, type of message, and recipient of the sound emission of each of the participating actors. With the information provided by original documents, we apply a virtual acoustic simulation model, validated with measurements made on site, to reconstruct the acoustic conditions of a conventual mass in the Cathedral of Toledo in 1549. With the model, we obtain results for the most relevant acoustic properties in this type of space. Then, with a geographic information system (GIS), we use the data to represent on an acoustic map the relation and fit between the acoustic values and the spatial and usage conditions of the solemn liturgy.

Un material absorbente acústico colocado en la cámara de un sistema constructivo de separación ve... more Un material absorbente acústico colocado en la cámara de un sistema constructivo de separación vertical de dos hojas mejora el aislamiento acústico a ruido aéreo del sistema sin material absorbente. Los materiales sintéticos porosos, tales como la lana de roca o lana de vidrio, son soluciones habituales. Sin embargo, son caros de producir y se basan generalmente en productos petroquímicos. Una alternativa pueden ser los materiales absorbentes elaborados a partir de las fibras naturales. Los hilos obtenidos con las fibras, pueden tejerse para producir un tejido o apelmazarse para producir un no tejido. El desarrollo de materiales no tejidos a partir de fibras naturales, puede ser una opción prometedora y ecológica. A fin de poder emplear este tipo de materiales como materiales absorbentes, se han caracterizado las propiedades acústicas y térmicas de no-tejidos elaborados a partir de fibras de coco, de fique-coco y de fique. Los métodos empleados para la elaboración de los no-tejidos han sido dos: el método manual que requiere el uso de un ligante y una prensa y mediante el uso de una punzonadora que a través de un mecanismo de agujas permite enlazar las fibras entre sí. En este trabajo, para los no-tejidos se muestran los resultados de las medidas del coeficiente de absorción sonora a incidencia normal, de la resistencia al flujo de aire, de la conductividad térmica y de la rigidez dinámica. Abstract An absorbent material between two parallel partitions improves the sound insulation that would provide such partitions. Synthetic porous materials, such as rock wool or glass wool, are common solutions. However, they are expensive to produce and are generally based on petrochemicals. An alternative can be absorbent materials made by natural fibers. The threads obtained with the fibers, may be woven or cake to produce a non-woven. The development of non-woven materials by natural fibers, may be a promising and environmentally friendly option. In order to use such materials as absorbent materials the acoustic and thermal properties of non-woven made by fibers of coconut, fique-coconut and fique have been characterized. The methods used for the production of the non-wovens were two: the manual method that requires the use of a binder and a press and by means a mechanism of needles that allows linking the fibers together. In this work, we show the results of the measurements of the sound absorption coefficient at normal incidence, the air flow resistance, the thermal conductivity and the dynamic stiffness is shown for the non-wovens fabricated.

Acoustic Virtual Reality technology offers a highly appropriate tool for the reconstruction of th... more Acoustic Virtual Reality technology offers a highly appropriate tool for the reconstruction of the acoustic intangible heritage of the sound of historical enclosures.

The church of Santa Maria de Melque is located in the province of Toledo in Spain. It is one of t... more The church of Santa Maria de Melque is located in the province of Toledo in Spain. It is one of the best-conserved medieval churches on the Iberian peninsula. According to recent research, the church may have been built in the first half of the 8th century, and its various naves are still intact; it therefore represents an essential element in the study of the acoustic features of Spanish pre-Romanesque churches.

The crypt of the Hospital of San Juan Bautista in Toledo, Spain, is part of a Renaissance archite... more The crypt of the Hospital of San Juan Bautista in Toledo, Spain, is part of a Renaissance architectural complex with a great patrimonial value. It has a Greek cross floor plan and is covered by four barrel vaults and a central hemispherical vault. Its geometry produces various acoustical effects like echoes, sound focalization, and whisper in the galleries. In the present study, the acoustic parameters of this unique space have been measured. And, two simulation models have been generated: the first, based on the current crypt's geometry and, the second, using the geometry of this space in the XVI century, eliminating changes carried out afterward, with the purpose of restoring the original acoustic characteristics of the crypt. RESUMEN La cripta del Hospital de San Juan Bautista de Toledo es un espacio integrado en un complejo arquitectónico renacentista de gran valor patrimonial. Presenta planta de cruz griega cerrada por cuatro bóvedas de cañón y una central de vuelta de horno. Su geometría hace que se produzcan en su interior ecos, focalizaciones y susurro de galerías. En este estudio se han medido parámetros acústicos y se han generado dos modelos de simulación, uno según la geometría actual y un segundo en el que se han eliminado las modificaciones realizadas con el fin de restaurar la acústica original del siglo XVI.

An in-depth study of the cathedral's function and its liturgy is essential for evaluating the cat... more An in-depth study of the cathedral's function and its liturgy is essential for evaluating the cathedral's acoustic conditions from a historical point of view. In most cases, ceremonials, missals, books of anniversaries, processionals, choirbooks, chapter acts, etc. clearly outline the exact position, movement, order, sound level, type of message, and recipient of the sound emission of each of the participating actors. With the information provided by original documents, we apply a virtual acoustic simulation model, validated with measurements made on site, to reconstruct the acoustic conditions of a conventual mass in the Cathedral of Toledo in 1549. With the model, we obtain results for the most relevant acoustic properties in this type of space. Then, with a geographic information system (GIS), we use the data to represent on an acoustic map the relation and fit between the acoustic values and the spatial and usage conditions of the solemn liturgy.

Un material absorbente acústico colocado en la cámara de un sistema constructivo de separación ve... more Un material absorbente acústico colocado en la cámara de un sistema constructivo de separación vertical de dos hojas mejora el aislamiento acústico a ruido aéreo del sistema sin material absorbente. Los materiales sintéticos porosos, tales como la lana de roca o lana de vidrio, son soluciones habituales. Sin embargo, son caros de producir y se basan generalmente en productos petroquímicos. Una alternativa pueden ser los materiales absorbentes elaborados a partir de las fibras naturales. Los hilos obtenidos con las fibras, pueden tejerse para producir un tejido o apelmazarse para producir un no tejido. El desarrollo de materiales no tejidos a partir de fibras naturales, puede ser una opción prometedora y ecológica. A fin de poder emplear este tipo de materiales como materiales absorbentes, se han caracterizado las propiedades acústicas y térmicas de no-tejidos elaborados a partir de fibras de coco, de fique-coco y de fique. Los métodos empleados para la elaboración de los no-tejidos han sido dos: el método manual que requiere el uso de un ligante y una prensa y mediante el uso de una punzonadora que a través de un mecanismo de agujas permite enlazar las fibras entre sí. En este trabajo, para los no-tejidos se muestran los resultados de las medidas del coeficiente de absorción sonora a incidencia normal, de la resistencia al flujo de aire, de la conductividad térmica y de la rigidez dinámica. Abstract An absorbent material between two parallel partitions improves the sound insulation that would provide such partitions. Synthetic porous materials, such as rock wool or glass wool, are common solutions. However, they are expensive to produce and are generally based on petrochemicals. An alternative can be absorbent materials made by natural fibers. The threads obtained with the fibers, may be woven or cake to produce a non-woven. The development of non-woven materials by natural fibers, may be a promising and environmentally friendly option. In order to use such materials as absorbent materials the acoustic and thermal properties of non-woven made by fibers of coconut, fique-coconut and fique have been characterized. The methods used for the production of the non-wovens were two: the manual method that requires the use of a binder and a press and by means a mechanism of needles that allows linking the fibers together. In this work, we show the results of the measurements of the sound absorption coefficient at normal incidence, the air flow resistance, the thermal conductivity and the dynamic stiffness is shown for the non-wovens fabricated.

Acoustic Virtual Reality technology offers a highly appropriate tool for the reconstruction of th... more Acoustic Virtual Reality technology offers a highly appropriate tool for the reconstruction of the acoustic intangible heritage of the sound of historical enclosures.

The church of Santa Maria de Melque is located in the province of Toledo in Spain. It is one of t... more The church of Santa Maria de Melque is located in the province of Toledo in Spain. It is one of the best-conserved medieval churches on the Iberian peninsula. According to recent research, the church may have been built in the first half of the 8th century, and its various naves are still intact; it therefore represents an essential element in the study of the acoustic features of Spanish pre-Romanesque churches.