Hawa Jaafar | UPM - Universiti Putra Malaysia (original) (raw)
Papers by Hawa Jaafar
Universiti Putra Malaysia Press, 2020
Despite progressive reports on pharmacological properties in Gynura procumbens, many are overlook... more Despite progressive reports on pharmacological properties in Gynura procumbens, many are overlooking the importance of agronomic requirements for high yields and phytochemical content that vary due to environmental variations. The study was carried out to examine the effects of nitrogen (N), potassium (K), and evapotranspiration replacement (ER) on growth and phytochemical content. Treatments affected parameters significantly (p≤0.05) with a stronger effect on physiological and biochemical attributes (p≤0.0001). Highest and lowest yield of biomass and phytochemical content were observed under N0K30(70) and N90K0(25), respectively. Treatments interaction was highly significant (p≤0.0001) in Cond, TPrC, and TFC, (p≤0.05) in CF and PWP, and not significant (p>0.05) in Photo, TCC, and TPC. The 75% ER had significant (p≤0.05) output of biomass and phytochemical content. As ER decreased from 100 to 25%, the Photo and CF were reduced. Phytochemical content displayed a significant negative relationship with PWP. Caffeic acid, kaempferol, and ferulic acid demonstrated as lead compounds. Following this, there were correlations between phenolic biosynthesis-regulated gene and gene expressions such as PAL, CHS, and F3H primers.
grown in different locations of Malaysia
In the current study, changes in secondary metabolite synthesis and the pharmaceutical quality of... more In the current study, changes in secondary metabolite synthesis and the pharmaceutical quality of sabah snake grass leaves and buds were considered in relation to plant age (1 month, 6 months, and 1 year old). The activity of the enzyme chalcone synthase (CHS, EC 2.3.1.74) was measured, as it is a key enzyme for flavonoid production. Significant differences in total flavonoid (TF) production were observed between the three plant growth periods and the different plant parts. The highest contents of TF (6.32 mg/g dry weight [DW]) and total phenolic (TP) (18.21 mg/g DW) were recorded in 6-month-old buds. Among the flavonoids isolated in this study the most important ones based on concentration were from high to low as follows: catechin > quercetin > kaempferol > luteolin. Production of phenolic acids increased from 1 to 6 months, but after 6 months up to 1 year of age, they decreased significantly. The highest contents of caffeic acid (0.307 mg/g DW) and gallic acid (5.96 mg/g DW) were recorded in 1-year and 6-month-old buds, respectively. The lowest and highest activity of CHS was recorded in 1-month and 6-month-old buds with values of 3.6 and 9.5 nkat/mg protein, respectively. These results indicate that the increment in flavonoids and phenolic acids in 6-month-old buds can be attributed to an increase in CHS activity. The highest 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) activity was observed in the extract of 1-year-old buds followed by 6-month-old buds, with 50% of free radical scavenging (IC50) values of 64.6 and 73.5 µg/mL, respectively. Interestingly, a ferric reducing
Water stress or synonymy referring to the drought season is the major abiotic stress which affect... more Water stress or synonymy referring to the drought season is the major abiotic stress which affect growth, physiology and biochemical activity in plant and cause major losses to agriculture production sector. This study was aimed to determine the effects of exogenous application of brassinolide (BR) and combination of minerals on growth performance, physiological and biochemical changes of banana plantlets (Musa acuminata cv. Berangan) under water stress condition. The leaves of the whole plantlets were foliar sprayed for every two weeks interval with three treatments; (i) BR as control, (ii) magnesium carbonate (MgCO3) + calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and (iii) combination of BR + MgCO3 + CaCO3. The plants were also subjected to water stress treatments: 50%, 75% and 100% of the field capacity. The treatments were assigned as split-plot design in randomized complete block design (RCBD) arrangement. Water stress had significantly reduced major growth parameters (plant height, pseudo-stem d...
Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 2021
Gynura procumbens is an herbaceous plant. Despite the progressive reports on the pharmacological ... more Gynura procumbens is an herbaceous plant. Despite the progressive reports on the pharmacological properties, many are overlooking at the importance of agronomic requirements, such as fertilization, to produce high phytochemical content which have not been conclusively concluded.
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science, 2019
There is limited information and insures for next studies on exogenous brassinolide application f... more There is limited information and insures for next studies on exogenous brassinolide application fig cultivar of Masui Dauphine (MD) and Improved Brown Turkey (IBT). Therefore, the research objective was to determine the impact of concentrations of exogenous brassinolide application on Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Mass Ratio (LMR), Net Assimilation Rate (NAR), Relative Growth Rate (RGR), and Specific Leaf Area (SLA) of fig. Fig resources were propagated using stem cuttings and were transferred into 3:2:1 mixed soil (topsoil:organic matters:sand) media. Two cultivars of fig treated with brassinolide (control, 50, 100 and 200 ml/L) were repeated four times and constructed by Split Plot Randomized Complete Block Design. Changes in the parameter of LAI, LMR, NAR, RGR, and SLA were investigated monthly. There was a significant effect of fig variety alone on LAI, SLA and LMR but it wasn't affected on NAR and RGR. SLA and LMR were influenced by brassinolide but not on LAI, NAR and RGR. Cultivar IBT showed higher responses to these parameters than cultivar MD after receiving brassinolide treatment. The interaction between brassinolide and variety was significant on LAI, SLA and LMR of fig except in the parameters of NAR and RGR.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), Jan 5, 2018
Gingerols and shogaols are compounds found in ginger ( Roscoe); shogaols are found in lower conce... more Gingerols and shogaols are compounds found in ginger ( Roscoe); shogaols are found in lower concentration than gingerols but exhibit higher biological activities. This work studied the effects of different drying methods including open sun drying (OSD) solar tunnel drying (STD) and hot air drying (HAD) with various temperature on the formation of six main active compounds in ginger rhizomes, namely 6-, 8-, and 10-gingerols and 6-, 8-, and 10-shogaols, as well as essential oil content. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of dried ginger was also evaluated. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that after HAD with variable temperature (120, 150 and 180 °C), contents of 6-, 8-, and 10-gingerols decreased, while contents of 6-, 8-, and 10-shogaol increased. High formation of 6-, 8-, and 10-shogaol contents were observed in HAD (at 150 °C for 6 h) followed by STD and OSD, respectively. OSD exhibited high content of essential oil followed by STD and HAD ...
Australian Journal of Crop Science, 2013
Researches have focused on medicinal plants in order to extract natural and low cost antioxidants... more Researches have focused on medicinal plants in order to extract natural and low cost antioxidants that can help to protect the human body against oxidative stress and replace the synthetic additives that might be carcinogenic. In the present study, the crude extracts of leaves, stems and roots of Labisia paucifolia were investigated for their phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activities. The chemical compositions of bioactive compounds were determined using HPLC and GC-MS and the antioxidant activities measured by DPPH and FRAP methods. The results indicated that leaves methanolic extract had highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents with respective values of 2.51 mg gallic acid equivalent g DW-1 and 1.29 mg rutin equivalent g DW-1, compared to roots and stems. Meanwhile, the HPLC analysis showed the presence of gallic acid and kaempferol as the major phenolic and flavonoid compounds in all parts of L. paucifolia. Other metabolites were detected by GC-MS screening inclu...
Copyright © 2014 Ali Ghasemzadeh et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Crea... more Copyright © 2014 Ali Ghasemzadeh et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. In this study, we investigated some bioactive compounds and pharmaceutical qualities of curry leaf (Murraya koenigii L.) extracts from three different locations in Malaysia. The highest TF and total phenolic (TP) contents were observed in the extracts from Kelantan (3.771 and 14.371mg/gDW), followed by Selangor (3.146 and 12.272mg/gDW) and Johor (2.801 and 12.02mg/gDW), respectively. High quercetin (0.350mg/gDW), catechin (0.325mg/gDW), epicatechin (0.678mg/gDW), naringin (0.203mg/gDW), and myricetin (0.703mg/gDW) levels were observed in the extracts from Kelantan, while the highest rutin content (0.082mg/gDW) was detected in the leaves from Selangor. The curry leaf extract from Kelantan exhibited higher concentration of gallic acid...
Abstract: A randomized complete block design was used to characterize the relationship between pr... more Abstract: A randomized complete block design was used to characterize the relationship between production of total phenolics, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, carbohydrate content, leaf gas exchange, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), soluble protein, invertase and antioxidant enzyme activities (ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in Labisia pumila Benth var. alata under four levels of potassium fertilization experiments (0, 90, 180 and 270 kg K/ha) conducted for 12 weeks. It was found that the production of total phenolics, flavonoids, ascorbic acid and carbohydrate content was affected by the interaction between potassium fertilization and plant parts. As the potassium fertilization levels increased from 0 to 270 kg K/ha, the production of soluble protein and PAL activity increased steadily. At the highest potassium fertilization (270 kg K/ha) L. pumila exhibited significantly higher net photosynthesis (A), stomatal conductance (gs), intercellular C...
Abstract: A split plot 3 by 4 experiment was designed to characterize the relationship between pr... more Abstract: A split plot 3 by 4 experiment was designed to characterize the relationship between production of gluthatione (GSH), oxidized gluthatione (GSSG), total flavonoid, anthocyanin, ascorbic acid and antioxidant activities (FRAP and DPPH) in three varieties of Labisia pumila Blume, namely the varieties alata, pumila and lanceolata, under four levels of nitrogen fertilization (0, 90, 180 and 270 kg N/ha) for 15 weeks. The treatment effects were solely contributed by nitrogen application; there was neither varietal nor interaction effects observed. As the nitrogen levels decreased from 270 to 0 kg N/ha, the production of GSH and GSSG, anthocyanin, total flavonoid and ascorbic acid increased steadily. At the highest nitrogen treatment level, L. pumila exhibited significantly lower antioxidant activities (DPPH and FRAP) than those exposed to limited nitrogen growing conditions. Significant positive correlation was obtained between antioxidant activities (DPPH and FRAP), total flavo...
Pertanika journal of tropical agricultural science, 2019
Brassinolide (BL) is a plant hormone showing wide occurrence in the plant kingdom with unique bio... more Brassinolide (BL) is a plant hormone showing wide occurrence in the plant kingdom with unique biological effects on growth and physiological traits. The fig varieties, Improved Brown Turkey (IBT) and Masui Dauphine (MD), are commonly found in Indonesia and Malaysia. There is limited information on exogenous brassinolide application on these varieties. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of different concentration of exogenous application of BL on growth and physiological changes of fig. Fig planting materials were propagated using stem cutting and then transferred into media containing 3:2:1 mixed soil (top soil: organic matters: sand). Two fig cultivars treated with BL (control, 50, 100 and 200 ml.L-1) were arranged as Split Plot Randomized Complete Block Design (SRCBD) with four replications. Plant growth (Plant Height [PH], Total Leaf Area [TLA], Total Dry Biomass [TDB], Specific Leaf Area [SLA], Shoot to Root Ratio [S/R] and Net Assimilation Rate [NAR]) and ...
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2011
A research was carried out to investigate total phenolics (TP) and total flavonoids (TF) profilin... more A research was carried out to investigate total phenolics (TP) and total flavonoids (TF) profiling of three varieties of Labisia pumila (alata, pumila, lanceolata), and their antioxidant activities in different plant parts as determined by DPPH and FRAP assays. Leaves of all varieties exhibitedhigher antioxidative activities compared to other parts indicating high foliar antioxidant in all varieties, especially that of alata followed by pumila and lanceolata (at 500 μg/ml) but lower values than the standards (BHT; α-tocopherol). Similarly, leaf methanolic extract showed highest TP and TF values compared to roots and stems with higher leaf TF in pumila (1.539 mg rutin equivalent (E)/g dry weight (DW)) than alata (1.323) and lanceolata (1.286). Conversely, var alata registered higher TP (2.65 mg galic acid equivalent (GAE)/g DW) than pumila (2.561) and lanceolata (2.435). Results showed the potential of this plant as a source of natural antioxidants, especially from the leaf. Key wo...
Leaf gas exchange properties of three varieties of Labisia pumila Benth. (varieties alata, lanceo... more Leaf gas exchange properties of three varieties of Labisia pumila Benth. (varieties alata, lanceolata and pumila) were measured using LICOR 6400 portable photosynthesis meter under greenhouse conditions in a single factor Complete Randomized Design replicated 10 times. Results indicated that there were no varietal preferences on stomata conductance, water use efficiency and transpiration rate. However, net photosynthesis was 33% and 26% significantly higher (p ≤0.01) in var lanceolata (3.47 µmol/m2/s) compared to varieties alata (2.33 µmol/m2/s) and pumila (2.58 µmol/m2/s), respectively. Although other leaf gas exchange parameters did not differ significantly among the varieties, var lanceolata consistently recorded higher values for stomata conductance and water use efficiency against other varieties. The results may imply that var lanceolata is a more adaptable, hence, more suitable for the propagation under greenhouse conditions than the other two varieties. However, further rese...
Water deficit is thought to be one of the major environmental constraints affecting growth and de... more Water deficit is thought to be one of the major environmental constraints affecting growth and development of plants. It is a common stress impairing production of plants in the world. This hypothesis was tested in Arabidopsis thaliana in terms of investigating the growth, development and water relations of wild-type (Col-0) and vte 4 mutant plants under different water regimes. These water treatments, including 100% of field capacity (control), 75% of field capacity (mild stress) and 50% of field capacity (severe stress) were imposed on the plants. Each water treatment was replicated three times in a complete randomized design with factorial arrangement. Wild type and mutant A.thaliana plants were subjected to the abiotic stress (water stress) for up to 20 days to determine the parameters of growth, development and water relations. Interestingly, under identical water deficit scenario the wild type A.thaliana (Col-0) demonstrated the higher increase in morphological parameters in c...
Chemistry Central Journal, 2017
BackgroundThe extraction of bioactive compounds from herbal materials requires optimization in or... more BackgroundThe extraction of bioactive compounds from herbal materials requires optimization in order to recover the highest active dose. Response surface methodology was used to optimize variables affecting the microwave extraction of zerumbone from Zingiber zerumbet using the Box–Behnken design. The influence of variables, such as ethanol concentration (X1), microwave power (X2), irradiation time (X3), and liquid-to-solid ratio (X4), on the extraction of zerumbone was modeled using a second-order regression equation. The antiproliferative activity of optimized and non-optimized extracts was evaluated against the HeLa cancer cell line using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay.ResultsTwo linear parameters, X1 and X4, and their quadratic parameters were highly significant at the P < 0.01 level. Two interaction parameters, X1X4 and X2X3 were significant, whereas interactions of X1X2, X1X3, X2X4 and X3X4 were insignificant (P > 0.05). The o...
Journal of Tropical Agriculture and Food Science, 2015
The growth and development of the young reproductive plants of two varieties of sweet pepper (Cap... more The growth and development of the young reproductive plants of two varieties of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) were investigated in relation to differing temperatures (26, 20, 14 + 3 °C) and irradiance combinations (high, low). Emergence of primary flower bud was accelerated as temperature increased from 14 °C to 20 °C and to 26 °C, and from low irradiance (LI ) to high irradiance (HI). Variety Blue Star (BS; a tropical selection) was more responsive to the combination of high temperature (26 °C) and HI (4.9 MJ/m2/d) than Bell Boy (BB; a temperate selection) in the promotion of earlier development of the flower buds. Low irradiance (2.4 MJ/m2/d) delayed bud emergence to a greater extent in BB than in BS, especially at low temperatures. The interaction of high temperatures and HI also hastened anthesis in BS more than in BB. Under the conditions of high temperatures and LI, anthesis of primary flowers was delayed more in BB than in BS. Low temperature (14 °C) retarded flower devel...
Universiti Putra Malaysia Press, 2020
Despite progressive reports on pharmacological properties in Gynura procumbens, many are overlook... more Despite progressive reports on pharmacological properties in Gynura procumbens, many are overlooking the importance of agronomic requirements for high yields and phytochemical content that vary due to environmental variations. The study was carried out to examine the effects of nitrogen (N), potassium (K), and evapotranspiration replacement (ER) on growth and phytochemical content. Treatments affected parameters significantly (p≤0.05) with a stronger effect on physiological and biochemical attributes (p≤0.0001). Highest and lowest yield of biomass and phytochemical content were observed under N0K30(70) and N90K0(25), respectively. Treatments interaction was highly significant (p≤0.0001) in Cond, TPrC, and TFC, (p≤0.05) in CF and PWP, and not significant (p>0.05) in Photo, TCC, and TPC. The 75% ER had significant (p≤0.05) output of biomass and phytochemical content. As ER decreased from 100 to 25%, the Photo and CF were reduced. Phytochemical content displayed a significant negative relationship with PWP. Caffeic acid, kaempferol, and ferulic acid demonstrated as lead compounds. Following this, there were correlations between phenolic biosynthesis-regulated gene and gene expressions such as PAL, CHS, and F3H primers.
grown in different locations of Malaysia
In the current study, changes in secondary metabolite synthesis and the pharmaceutical quality of... more In the current study, changes in secondary metabolite synthesis and the pharmaceutical quality of sabah snake grass leaves and buds were considered in relation to plant age (1 month, 6 months, and 1 year old). The activity of the enzyme chalcone synthase (CHS, EC 2.3.1.74) was measured, as it is a key enzyme for flavonoid production. Significant differences in total flavonoid (TF) production were observed between the three plant growth periods and the different plant parts. The highest contents of TF (6.32 mg/g dry weight [DW]) and total phenolic (TP) (18.21 mg/g DW) were recorded in 6-month-old buds. Among the flavonoids isolated in this study the most important ones based on concentration were from high to low as follows: catechin > quercetin > kaempferol > luteolin. Production of phenolic acids increased from 1 to 6 months, but after 6 months up to 1 year of age, they decreased significantly. The highest contents of caffeic acid (0.307 mg/g DW) and gallic acid (5.96 mg/g DW) were recorded in 1-year and 6-month-old buds, respectively. The lowest and highest activity of CHS was recorded in 1-month and 6-month-old buds with values of 3.6 and 9.5 nkat/mg protein, respectively. These results indicate that the increment in flavonoids and phenolic acids in 6-month-old buds can be attributed to an increase in CHS activity. The highest 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) activity was observed in the extract of 1-year-old buds followed by 6-month-old buds, with 50% of free radical scavenging (IC50) values of 64.6 and 73.5 µg/mL, respectively. Interestingly, a ferric reducing
Water stress or synonymy referring to the drought season is the major abiotic stress which affect... more Water stress or synonymy referring to the drought season is the major abiotic stress which affect growth, physiology and biochemical activity in plant and cause major losses to agriculture production sector. This study was aimed to determine the effects of exogenous application of brassinolide (BR) and combination of minerals on growth performance, physiological and biochemical changes of banana plantlets (Musa acuminata cv. Berangan) under water stress condition. The leaves of the whole plantlets were foliar sprayed for every two weeks interval with three treatments; (i) BR as control, (ii) magnesium carbonate (MgCO3) + calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and (iii) combination of BR + MgCO3 + CaCO3. The plants were also subjected to water stress treatments: 50%, 75% and 100% of the field capacity. The treatments were assigned as split-plot design in randomized complete block design (RCBD) arrangement. Water stress had significantly reduced major growth parameters (plant height, pseudo-stem d...
Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 2021
Gynura procumbens is an herbaceous plant. Despite the progressive reports on the pharmacological ... more Gynura procumbens is an herbaceous plant. Despite the progressive reports on the pharmacological properties, many are overlooking at the importance of agronomic requirements, such as fertilization, to produce high phytochemical content which have not been conclusively concluded.
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science, 2019
There is limited information and insures for next studies on exogenous brassinolide application f... more There is limited information and insures for next studies on exogenous brassinolide application fig cultivar of Masui Dauphine (MD) and Improved Brown Turkey (IBT). Therefore, the research objective was to determine the impact of concentrations of exogenous brassinolide application on Leaf Area Index (LAI), Leaf Mass Ratio (LMR), Net Assimilation Rate (NAR), Relative Growth Rate (RGR), and Specific Leaf Area (SLA) of fig. Fig resources were propagated using stem cuttings and were transferred into 3:2:1 mixed soil (topsoil:organic matters:sand) media. Two cultivars of fig treated with brassinolide (control, 50, 100 and 200 ml/L) were repeated four times and constructed by Split Plot Randomized Complete Block Design. Changes in the parameter of LAI, LMR, NAR, RGR, and SLA were investigated monthly. There was a significant effect of fig variety alone on LAI, SLA and LMR but it wasn't affected on NAR and RGR. SLA and LMR were influenced by brassinolide but not on LAI, NAR and RGR. Cultivar IBT showed higher responses to these parameters than cultivar MD after receiving brassinolide treatment. The interaction between brassinolide and variety was significant on LAI, SLA and LMR of fig except in the parameters of NAR and RGR.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), Jan 5, 2018
Gingerols and shogaols are compounds found in ginger ( Roscoe); shogaols are found in lower conce... more Gingerols and shogaols are compounds found in ginger ( Roscoe); shogaols are found in lower concentration than gingerols but exhibit higher biological activities. This work studied the effects of different drying methods including open sun drying (OSD) solar tunnel drying (STD) and hot air drying (HAD) with various temperature on the formation of six main active compounds in ginger rhizomes, namely 6-, 8-, and 10-gingerols and 6-, 8-, and 10-shogaols, as well as essential oil content. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of dried ginger was also evaluated. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that after HAD with variable temperature (120, 150 and 180 °C), contents of 6-, 8-, and 10-gingerols decreased, while contents of 6-, 8-, and 10-shogaol increased. High formation of 6-, 8-, and 10-shogaol contents were observed in HAD (at 150 °C for 6 h) followed by STD and OSD, respectively. OSD exhibited high content of essential oil followed by STD and HAD ...
Australian Journal of Crop Science, 2013
Researches have focused on medicinal plants in order to extract natural and low cost antioxidants... more Researches have focused on medicinal plants in order to extract natural and low cost antioxidants that can help to protect the human body against oxidative stress and replace the synthetic additives that might be carcinogenic. In the present study, the crude extracts of leaves, stems and roots of Labisia paucifolia were investigated for their phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activities. The chemical compositions of bioactive compounds were determined using HPLC and GC-MS and the antioxidant activities measured by DPPH and FRAP methods. The results indicated that leaves methanolic extract had highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents with respective values of 2.51 mg gallic acid equivalent g DW-1 and 1.29 mg rutin equivalent g DW-1, compared to roots and stems. Meanwhile, the HPLC analysis showed the presence of gallic acid and kaempferol as the major phenolic and flavonoid compounds in all parts of L. paucifolia. Other metabolites were detected by GC-MS screening inclu...
Copyright © 2014 Ali Ghasemzadeh et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Crea... more Copyright © 2014 Ali Ghasemzadeh et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. In this study, we investigated some bioactive compounds and pharmaceutical qualities of curry leaf (Murraya koenigii L.) extracts from three different locations in Malaysia. The highest TF and total phenolic (TP) contents were observed in the extracts from Kelantan (3.771 and 14.371mg/gDW), followed by Selangor (3.146 and 12.272mg/gDW) and Johor (2.801 and 12.02mg/gDW), respectively. High quercetin (0.350mg/gDW), catechin (0.325mg/gDW), epicatechin (0.678mg/gDW), naringin (0.203mg/gDW), and myricetin (0.703mg/gDW) levels were observed in the extracts from Kelantan, while the highest rutin content (0.082mg/gDW) was detected in the leaves from Selangor. The curry leaf extract from Kelantan exhibited higher concentration of gallic acid...
Abstract: A randomized complete block design was used to characterize the relationship between pr... more Abstract: A randomized complete block design was used to characterize the relationship between production of total phenolics, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, carbohydrate content, leaf gas exchange, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), soluble protein, invertase and antioxidant enzyme activities (ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in Labisia pumila Benth var. alata under four levels of potassium fertilization experiments (0, 90, 180 and 270 kg K/ha) conducted for 12 weeks. It was found that the production of total phenolics, flavonoids, ascorbic acid and carbohydrate content was affected by the interaction between potassium fertilization and plant parts. As the potassium fertilization levels increased from 0 to 270 kg K/ha, the production of soluble protein and PAL activity increased steadily. At the highest potassium fertilization (270 kg K/ha) L. pumila exhibited significantly higher net photosynthesis (A), stomatal conductance (gs), intercellular C...
Abstract: A split plot 3 by 4 experiment was designed to characterize the relationship between pr... more Abstract: A split plot 3 by 4 experiment was designed to characterize the relationship between production of gluthatione (GSH), oxidized gluthatione (GSSG), total flavonoid, anthocyanin, ascorbic acid and antioxidant activities (FRAP and DPPH) in three varieties of Labisia pumila Blume, namely the varieties alata, pumila and lanceolata, under four levels of nitrogen fertilization (0, 90, 180 and 270 kg N/ha) for 15 weeks. The treatment effects were solely contributed by nitrogen application; there was neither varietal nor interaction effects observed. As the nitrogen levels decreased from 270 to 0 kg N/ha, the production of GSH and GSSG, anthocyanin, total flavonoid and ascorbic acid increased steadily. At the highest nitrogen treatment level, L. pumila exhibited significantly lower antioxidant activities (DPPH and FRAP) than those exposed to limited nitrogen growing conditions. Significant positive correlation was obtained between antioxidant activities (DPPH and FRAP), total flavo...
Pertanika journal of tropical agricultural science, 2019
Brassinolide (BL) is a plant hormone showing wide occurrence in the plant kingdom with unique bio... more Brassinolide (BL) is a plant hormone showing wide occurrence in the plant kingdom with unique biological effects on growth and physiological traits. The fig varieties, Improved Brown Turkey (IBT) and Masui Dauphine (MD), are commonly found in Indonesia and Malaysia. There is limited information on exogenous brassinolide application on these varieties. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of different concentration of exogenous application of BL on growth and physiological changes of fig. Fig planting materials were propagated using stem cutting and then transferred into media containing 3:2:1 mixed soil (top soil: organic matters: sand). Two fig cultivars treated with BL (control, 50, 100 and 200 ml.L-1) were arranged as Split Plot Randomized Complete Block Design (SRCBD) with four replications. Plant growth (Plant Height [PH], Total Leaf Area [TLA], Total Dry Biomass [TDB], Specific Leaf Area [SLA], Shoot to Root Ratio [S/R] and Net Assimilation Rate [NAR]) and ...
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2011
A research was carried out to investigate total phenolics (TP) and total flavonoids (TF) profilin... more A research was carried out to investigate total phenolics (TP) and total flavonoids (TF) profiling of three varieties of Labisia pumila (alata, pumila, lanceolata), and their antioxidant activities in different plant parts as determined by DPPH and FRAP assays. Leaves of all varieties exhibitedhigher antioxidative activities compared to other parts indicating high foliar antioxidant in all varieties, especially that of alata followed by pumila and lanceolata (at 500 μg/ml) but lower values than the standards (BHT; α-tocopherol). Similarly, leaf methanolic extract showed highest TP and TF values compared to roots and stems with higher leaf TF in pumila (1.539 mg rutin equivalent (E)/g dry weight (DW)) than alata (1.323) and lanceolata (1.286). Conversely, var alata registered higher TP (2.65 mg galic acid equivalent (GAE)/g DW) than pumila (2.561) and lanceolata (2.435). Results showed the potential of this plant as a source of natural antioxidants, especially from the leaf. Key wo...
Leaf gas exchange properties of three varieties of Labisia pumila Benth. (varieties alata, lanceo... more Leaf gas exchange properties of three varieties of Labisia pumila Benth. (varieties alata, lanceolata and pumila) were measured using LICOR 6400 portable photosynthesis meter under greenhouse conditions in a single factor Complete Randomized Design replicated 10 times. Results indicated that there were no varietal preferences on stomata conductance, water use efficiency and transpiration rate. However, net photosynthesis was 33% and 26% significantly higher (p ≤0.01) in var lanceolata (3.47 µmol/m2/s) compared to varieties alata (2.33 µmol/m2/s) and pumila (2.58 µmol/m2/s), respectively. Although other leaf gas exchange parameters did not differ significantly among the varieties, var lanceolata consistently recorded higher values for stomata conductance and water use efficiency against other varieties. The results may imply that var lanceolata is a more adaptable, hence, more suitable for the propagation under greenhouse conditions than the other two varieties. However, further rese...
Water deficit is thought to be one of the major environmental constraints affecting growth and de... more Water deficit is thought to be one of the major environmental constraints affecting growth and development of plants. It is a common stress impairing production of plants in the world. This hypothesis was tested in Arabidopsis thaliana in terms of investigating the growth, development and water relations of wild-type (Col-0) and vte 4 mutant plants under different water regimes. These water treatments, including 100% of field capacity (control), 75% of field capacity (mild stress) and 50% of field capacity (severe stress) were imposed on the plants. Each water treatment was replicated three times in a complete randomized design with factorial arrangement. Wild type and mutant A.thaliana plants were subjected to the abiotic stress (water stress) for up to 20 days to determine the parameters of growth, development and water relations. Interestingly, under identical water deficit scenario the wild type A.thaliana (Col-0) demonstrated the higher increase in morphological parameters in c...
Chemistry Central Journal, 2017
BackgroundThe extraction of bioactive compounds from herbal materials requires optimization in or... more BackgroundThe extraction of bioactive compounds from herbal materials requires optimization in order to recover the highest active dose. Response surface methodology was used to optimize variables affecting the microwave extraction of zerumbone from Zingiber zerumbet using the Box–Behnken design. The influence of variables, such as ethanol concentration (X1), microwave power (X2), irradiation time (X3), and liquid-to-solid ratio (X4), on the extraction of zerumbone was modeled using a second-order regression equation. The antiproliferative activity of optimized and non-optimized extracts was evaluated against the HeLa cancer cell line using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay.ResultsTwo linear parameters, X1 and X4, and their quadratic parameters were highly significant at the P < 0.01 level. Two interaction parameters, X1X4 and X2X3 were significant, whereas interactions of X1X2, X1X3, X2X4 and X3X4 were insignificant (P > 0.05). The o...
Journal of Tropical Agriculture and Food Science, 2015
The growth and development of the young reproductive plants of two varieties of sweet pepper (Cap... more The growth and development of the young reproductive plants of two varieties of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) were investigated in relation to differing temperatures (26, 20, 14 + 3 °C) and irradiance combinations (high, low). Emergence of primary flower bud was accelerated as temperature increased from 14 °C to 20 °C and to 26 °C, and from low irradiance (LI ) to high irradiance (HI). Variety Blue Star (BS; a tropical selection) was more responsive to the combination of high temperature (26 °C) and HI (4.9 MJ/m2/d) than Bell Boy (BB; a temperate selection) in the promotion of earlier development of the flower buds. Low irradiance (2.4 MJ/m2/d) delayed bud emergence to a greater extent in BB than in BS, especially at low temperatures. The interaction of high temperatures and HI also hastened anthesis in BS more than in BB. Under the conditions of high temperatures and LI, anthesis of primary flowers was delayed more in BB than in BS. Low temperature (14 °C) retarded flower devel...