Shamsul Izhar | UPM - Universiti Putra Malaysia (original) (raw)

Papers by Shamsul Izhar

This study, for the first time, aimed to analyse ‘Bovine serum albumin’ hydrogel composite by sim... more This study, for the first time, aimed to analyse ‘Bovine serum albumin’ hydrogel composite by simple and quick method (SCWT) since not only there had been some indications that the low temperature subcritical water treatment may be as valuable products as its high temperature treatment, but also, the positive outcome would put a stop to the waste of energy and money. For BSA-based hydrogel at first, the optimum conditions were identified by assessing the effect of different influential parameters (SCWT temperature, time). SCWT was done using a batch subcritical reactor. Additionally, the characterization tests were carried out on the BSA-based hydrogels which was produced by this unique method. BSA-based Hydrogel preparation condition by SCWT accurately was investigated and optimized SCWT condition according to maximum ESR (50%). Schott kinetic swelling model provided evidence to approve two-step water diffusion mechanism in BSA-based hydrogel by SCWT.

Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 2020

In this study, the dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone over nitrogen-doped reduced g... more In this study, the dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone over nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO) Cu catalyst has been reported. The N-rGO support was synthesized by chemical reduction of graphite oxide (GO). The synthesized N-rGO was used as a support to prepare the Cu/NrGO catalyst via an incipient wet impregnation method. The as-prepared support and the Cu/N-rGO catalyst were characterized by FESEM, EDX, XRD, TEM, TGA, and Raman spectroscopy. The various characterization analysis revealed the suitability of the Cu/N-rGO as a heterogeneous catalyst that can be employed for the dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone. The catalytic activity of the Cu/N-rGO catalyst was tested in non-oxidative dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone using a stainless-steel fixed bed reactor. The effects of temperature, reactant flow rate, and time-onstream on the activity of the Cu/N-rGO catalyst were examined. The Cu/N-rGO nanosheets show excellent catalytic a...

... すべて CiNiiに本文あり CiNiiに本文あり、または連携サービスへのリンクあり. Study of Co-Mo carbides as anode electrocatalyst ... more ... すべて CiNiiに本文あり CiNiiに本文あり、または連携サービスへのリンクあり. Study of Co-Mo carbides as anode electrocatalyst for PEFC (第102回触媒討論会B講演予稿) Study of Co-Mo Carbides as Anode Electrocatalyst for PEFC. IZHAR Shamsul; Tokyo Univ. ...

Palm kernel cake is one of the wastes produced by palm kernel oil mill. Malaysia as one of the la... more Palm kernel cake is one of the wastes produced by palm kernel oil mill. Malaysia as one of the largest oil producers in the world produces a large number of waste palm kernel cake annually and mostly treated as animal feed while it still contains valuable oil residue. This study presents the application of sub-critical water as an environmental friendly medium for recovery of oil from waste palm kernel cake. Experiments were conducted in batch reactors with subcritical water at temperature ranging from 1800C to 2800C for 5 minutes. Highest oil yield of 52.9 mg-oil/g-dry waste palm kernel cake was obtained at reaction temperature of 2400C. This amount is 54.4% of the amount of oil extracted via Soxhlet method with hexane. The extraction of oil using subcritical water at temperature below 2400C has correlation coefficient of 0.97 to dielectric constant of water. Solid waste also can be reduced by sub-critical water treatment as the yield of solid residue decreased with increasing temp...

In this article, the potential of various low-cost adsorbents for the removal of heavy metals fro... more In this article, the potential of various low-cost adsorbents for the removal of heavy metals from contaminated water has been reviewed. Various conventional methods for heavy metal removal such as precipitation, evaporation, electroplating and also ion exchange have been applied since previous years. However, these methods have several disadvantages such as only limited to certain concentrations of metals ions, generation large amount of toxic sludge and the capital costs are much too high to be economical. Hence, adsorption using low-cost adsorbents is found to be more environmentally friendly. Adsorption is the alternative process, for heavy metal removal due to the wide number of natural materials or agricultural wastes gathering in abundance from our environment. High adsorption capacities, cost effectiveness and their abundance in nature are the important parameters which explain why the adsorbent is economical for heavy metal removal. In this review, a list of adsorbent liter...

Chlorella sp. microalgae contain phenolic compounds with good functional properties. In this stud... more Chlorella sp. microalgae contain phenolic compounds with good functional properties. In this study, two extraction methods, soxhlet and subcritical water extraction (SWE) were applied and compared in terms of phenolic compounds recovery from Chlorella sp. microalgae and characterization of the phenolic acid components. Phenolic acid analysis demonstrated that the main components of the Chlorella sp. extracts were ferulic, caffeic and p-coumaric acids. The comparative study indicated that SWE gave higher extraction yield compared to conventional soxhlet method. High recoveries of phenolic acids were obtained at 175 °C with 3.20, 3.05 and 3.33 mg/100 g of ferulic, p-coumaric and caffeic acid, respectively, compared to soxhlet extraction using methanol with 2.10, 2.29 and 2.37 mg/100 g of ferulic, p-coumaric and caffeic acid, respectively. This proved that subcritical water treatment could effectively be used for the release of phenolic acids from Chlorella sp. using safe and green sol...

Catalysts

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have the potential to act as a catalyst support in many sciences and engi... more Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have the potential to act as a catalyst support in many sciences and engineering fields due to their outstanding properties. The CNT-coated monolith was synthesized over a highly active Ni catalyst using direct liquid injection chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The aim was to study the optimum condition for synthesizing CNT-coated monoliths. The Taguchi method with L9 (34) orthogonal array design was employed to optimize the experimental conditions of CNT-coated monoliths. The design response was the percentage of carbon yield expressed by the signal-to-noise (S/N) value. The parameters including the mass ratio of Ni to citric acid (Ni:CA) (A), the injection rate of carbon source (B), time of reaction (C), and operating temperature (D) were selected at three levels. The results showed that the optimum conditions for CNT-coated monolith were established at A1B2C1D2 and the most influential parameter was D followed by B, C, and A. The ANOVA analysis showed the d...

International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

A CuCl electrolyzer that constitutes of composite polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) that functio... more A CuCl electrolyzer that constitutes of composite polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) that functions at medium-temperature (> 100 ºC) is beneficial for rapid electrochemical kinetics, and better in handling fuel pollutants. A synthesized polybenzimidazole (PBI) composite membrane from the addition of ZrO2 followed with phosphoric acid (PA) is suggested to overcome the main issues in CuCl electrolysis, including the copper diffusion and proton conductivity. PBI/ZrP properties improved significantly with enhanced proton conductivity (3 fold of pristine PBI, 50% of Nafion 117), superior thermal stability (> 600 ºC), good mechanical strength (85.17 MPa), reasonable Cu permeability (7.9 x 10-7) and high ionic exchange capacity (3.2 x 10-3 mol⸱g-1). Hydrogen produced at 0.5 A⸱cm-2 (115 ºC) for PBI/ZrP and Nafion 117 was 3.27 cm3⸱min-1 and 1.85 cm3⸱min-1, respectively. The CuCl electrolyzer efficiency was ranging from 91 to 97 %, thus proven that the hybrid PBI/ZrP membrane can be a promising and cheaper alternative to Nafion membrane.

Journal of King Saud University - Science

Processes

Abandoned oil palm trunk (OPT) is among the most abundant left-over biomass in Malaysia and is al... more Abandoned oil palm trunk (OPT) is among the most abundant left-over biomass in Malaysia and is allowed to decompose naturally in the field. However, the recycling of OPT is less considered although OPT is a bioresource that has a high potential for conversion into value-added products. In this study, waste OPT was rapidly converted by hydrolysis using subcritical water (sub-CW). This work is the first attempt to explore the utilization of waste OPT based on the differences in moisture, cellulose and hemicellulose contents in the top and bottom segments, and from various ages of the waste OPT. 21- and 35-year-old OPTs were divided into top and bottom sections. The OPTs was subjected to sub-CW at a heating rate of 3.8 °C/s at various temperatures and times. The 21-year-old OPT was superior to the 35-year-old OPT for conversion into sugar and organic acid. The yield of the total sugar was between 0.41 and 0.77 kg/kg-OPT in the bottom and top sections. The excellent correlation between ...

Food Reviews International

Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology

Journal of Cluster Science

BioMed Research International

Subcritical water extraction (SCW) was used to extract oil from Chlorella pyrenoidosa. The operat... more Subcritical water extraction (SCW) was used to extract oil from Chlorella pyrenoidosa. The operational factors such as reaction temperature, reaction time, and biomass loading influence the oil yield during the extraction process. In this study, response surface methodology was employed to identify the desired extraction conditions for maximum oil yield. Experiments were carried out in batch reactors as per central composite design with three independent factors including reaction temperature (170, 220, 270, 320, and 370°C), reaction time (1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 min), and biomass loading (1, 3, 5, 10, and 15%). A maximum oil yield of 12.89 wt.% was obtained at 320°C and 15 min, with 3% biomass loading. Sequential model tests showed the good fit of experimental data to the second-order quadratic model. This study opens the great potential of SCW to extract algal oil for use in algal biofuel production.

觸媒 Catalyst, Sep 10, 2008

International Journal of Integrated Engineering

This paper presents an elevated temperature copper chloride electrolysis as a sustainable hydroge... more This paper presents an elevated temperature copper chloride electrolysis as a sustainable hydrogen production using a modified polybenzimidazole (PBI) based membrane. The main objective of this work was to characterize the performance of PBI Zirconium Phosphate (PBI/ZrP) hybrid membrane and evaluate its use as potential working membrane in the hydrogen production. Temperature and current density effects on hydrogen production were investigated in the range of 100 to 115°C and 0.1 to 0.5 A/cm 2 , respectively. PBI based hybrid membrane was synthesized with zirconium oxide (ZrO2) followed by phosphoric acid (PA) doping. The membrane properties was characterized for proton conductivity, thermal stability, copper diffusivity and tensile strength. The results revealed that modification of the PBI into PBI/ZrP has significantly increased the proton conductivity by four fold, and selectivity by 30%. However, there was a slight reduction in tensile strength by 5 MPa may due to the realignment of PBI/ZrP molecule structures. Furthermore, a higher current density (0.5 A/cm 2) produced almost 40% more hydrogen (5.04 cm 3 /min) compared to 0.1 A/cm 2 (3.64 cm 3 /min) at 115°C with electrolysis efficiency of 97%. PBI/ZrP exhibited superior proton conductivity, thermally stable with high tensile strength. The synergistic of the pristine PBI with ZrO2 and PA doping has produced a hybrid PBI/ZrP membrane that can be a promising effective polymer electrolyte and budget friendly compared to Nafion.