Olga Chadaeva | Palacky University, Olomouc (original) (raw)
Papers by Olga Chadaeva
Teorie vědy / Theory of Science, 2020
The development of oral preaching and the genre of sermon in seventeenth-century Russia was prima... more The development of oral preaching and the genre of sermon in seventeenth-century Russia was primarily brought about by Ruthenian authors influenced by the Latin tradition, e.g., Ioannikiy Galyatovsky, Lazar Baranovych and Simeon Polotsky. These authors incorporated their general knowledge of cosmology, astronomy and astrology into their homilies, which present a valuable insight into the intellectual background of the period through the prism of cosmological elements used mostly as parts of rhetoric constructions. While the functions of the particular elements of natural philosophy varied in different authors, they shared certain concepts common to both scholastic thought and Baroque aesthetics. Despite being considerably distant from seventeenth-century science, the homilies also served educational purposes and may be perceived as a step towards the Westernisation and secularisation of Russian culture.
Russian Literature, 2018
This paper analyses and compares models of the universe presented in two seventeenth century text... more This paper analyses and compares models of the universe presented in two seventeenth century texts, Simeon Polotskii's Aristotelian-Ptolemaic model in Venets very kafolicheskiia and Archpriest Avvakum Petrov's vertical-horizontal universe in his treatise 'Sniskanie i sobranie o Bozhestve i o tvari'. It considers the writers' sources, cosmological imagery, purpose, and the aesthetic and value properties represented by the two models and interprets them within the context of the seventeenth century cultural crisis in Russia. Examining how the macrocosm was presented by the two antagonists in the dispute over faith broadens our understanding of a pivotal cultural conflict in pre-Petrine Russian history.
Slovene, 2019
The paper focuses on interpretation of Biblical history in a lesser-known treatise written by Arc... more The paper focuses on interpretation of Biblical history in a lesser-known treatise written by Archpriest Avvakum entitled Sniskanie i sobranie o Bozhestve i o tvari. The main issues addressed in the paper are the sources and aims of the treatise, methods and functions of citing, structure and style of the text, the perception of God, the imagery of the world and paradise, the notion of mankind and fall of man, the progress and sense of history, the flow of time, the role of the author and the reader in the text. Central to this polemical treatise is the thesis of the immensity of God, which manifests itself both in spatial and in temporal aspects. The simplicity of Avvakum’s notion of the physical world is considered in the context of the author’s holistic worldview. An emphasis is put on the perception of the creation of Adam as a key moment that predetermined the eschatological plan of history. The paper traces the spatial and temporal imagery of Avvakum and its manifestation insi...
Studia Comeniana et historica, 2019
The paper focuses on the reception of Western cosmological models in the seventeenth-century Russ... more The paper focuses on the reception of Western cosmological models in the seventeenth-century Russia. The models include the classical scholastic adaptation of the geocentric model, the heliocentric model and the Hermetic tradition. In the seventeenth century, immigrants from Ruthenia (i.e. eastern parts of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth) played a significant part in the cultural development of Muscovy. Specifically, it was mainly scholars from Kiev who could be credited for bringing the notion of Western natural philosophy to Russia. Most of them, however, relied on scholastic models. The reception of the scholastic combination of natural philosophy with theology was problematic, while the first text which presented the heliocentric model did not cause any response or discussion. The criticism towards the Copernican universe would appear at the turn of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries; interestingly enough, it again came from the Ruthenian scholars.
Rossica Olomucensia, No. 2, 2020
The paper analyzes the utopian science fiction novel Red Star by A. Bogdanov (1908). The study fo... more The paper analyzes the utopian science fiction novel Red Star by A. Bogdanov (1908). The study focuses on the description of a fictional interplanetary travel analyzed in the context of scientific knowledge in the field of theoretical physics and astrophysics in the beginning of the twentieth century, and compares it with modern scientific concepts. A comparison of Bogdanov's technological imagery with the existing technologies of space travel is also presented. The study considers such concepts as antigravity, the theory of matter and 'minus-matter', ideas related to radioactivity and the possibilities of its use, the characteristics of the fictional interplanetary spacecraft ethero-neph, the idea of the parameters of an interplanetary flight, including a description of weightlessness and its effects on a human body, space flight trajectory, the importance of using computer technologies, presented in the novel. While certain concepts had obviously been borrowed from the already existing sci-fi narrative, other details in the Red Star can be regarded as a novelty and original solutions predicting the later technological advances. They reveal the breadth of Bogdanov's background, almost unique in science fiction writers of the beginning of the twentieth century.
Древняя Русь. Вопросы медиевистики. N4 (82), 2020
The paper explores disputes, discussions, polemical and critical texts that arose in Russia in th... more The paper explores disputes, discussions, polemical and critical texts that arose in Russia in the 17th century and were related to the cosmological aspects of the worldview. The paper analyzes such episodes as the debate of Lavrentii Zizanii with editors Elias the hegumen of the Theophany Convent and Grigorii Onisimov, Evfimii Chudovskii’s critical response to the Crown of Faith by Simeon Polotskii, Polotskii’s critical review of the Mirror of Theology by Kirill Tranquillion-
Stavrovetskii, and archpriest Avvakum’s treatise An Acquisition and Collection about God and Creation, which contains a polemic with apocryphal elements of the worldview. The study demonstrates the shift in the emphasis of criticism of cosmological models and constructions from the problem of nomination to the question whether the superlunary
world is measurable and cognizable. Another revealed tendency is the increased attention to the sources of information provided in the texts that are presented as doctrinal ones.
TEORIE VĚDY / THEORY OF SCIENCE / XLII No 1, 2020
Th e development of oral preaching and the genre of sermon in seventeenth-century Russia was prim... more Th e development of oral preaching and the genre of sermon in seventeenth-century Russia was primarily brought about by Ruthenian authors infl uenced by the Latin tradition, e.g., Ioannikiy Galyatovsky, Lazar Baranovych and Simeon Polotsky. Th ese authors incorporated their general knowledge of cosmology, astronomy and astrology into their homilies, which present a valuable insight into the intellectual background of the period through the prism of cos-mological elements used mostly as parts of rhetoric constructions. While the functions of the particular elements of natural philosophy varied in diff erent authors, they shared certain concepts common to both scholastic thought and Baroque aesthetics. Despite being considerably distant from seventeenth-century science, the homilies also served educational purposes and may be perceived as a step towards the Westernisation and secularisation of Russian culture. Kosmologické, astronomické a astrologické prvky v kázáních zapadoruských autorů 17. století Abstrakt: Vývoj ústního kázání a žánru kázání v Rusku v 17. století byl převážně dílem západoruských autorů ovlivněných latinskou tradicí, jako jsou Ioannikij Galjatovskij, Lazar Baranovič a Simeon Polockij. Tito kazatelé začleňovali své obecné znalosti o kosmologii, astrono-mii a astrologii do svých homilií, které umožňují nahlédnout do intelektuálního pozadí doby skrze kosmologické prvky po-užívané převážně jako součást rétorických konstrukcí. Funkce jednotlivých prvků přírodní fi losofi e se u různých autorů lišily, nicméně autoři sdíleli některé koncepty společné jak pro scholastické myšlení, tak pro barokní estetiku. Navzdory tomu, že jejich homilie byly značně vzdáleny úrovni vědeckého poznání v 17. století, plnily také vzdělávací účely a mohou být vnímány jako krok směrem k westerni-zaci a sekularizaci ruské kultury.
Russian Literature 99, 2018
This paper analyses and compares models of the universe presented in two seventeenth century text... more This paper analyses and compares models of the universe presented in two seventeenth century texts, Simeon Polotskii's Aristotelian-Ptolemaic model in Venets very kafolicheskiia and Archpriest Avvakum Petrov's vertical-horizontal universe in his treatise 'Sniskanie i sobranie o Bozhestve i o tvari'. It considers the writers' sources, cosmological imagery, purpose, and the aesthetic and value properties represented by the two models and interprets them within the context of the seventeenth century cultural crisis in Russia. Examining how the macrocosm was presented by the two antagonists in the dispute over faith broadens our understanding of a pivotal cultural conflict in pre-Petrine Russian history.
Вопросы философии 4, 2017
В данной работе рассматривается космологическая вставка в богословском компендиуме “Венец веры ка... more В данной работе рассматривается космологическая вставка в богословском компендиуме “Венец веры кафолическия” Симеона Полоцкого с точки зрения характеристики космологической модели, источников, использованных автором, в основном –
Compendium theologicae veritatis; изучается реакция Евфимия Чудовского на предложенную Cимеоном Полоцким модель и анализируется возможная интерпретация данной модели и ее критика с точки зрения культурных процессов во второй половине XVII в. Аристотелевско-птолемеевская модель космоса, подробно представленная Симеоном Полоцким в “Венце веры”, а также способ подачи материала не говорят о новаторстве или глубине естественнонаучных познаний автора, но свидетельствуют о смещении вектора культуры в сторону рационализации и секуляризации познания.
Teorie vědy / Theory of Science, 2020
The development of oral preaching and the genre of sermon in seventeenth-century Russia was prima... more The development of oral preaching and the genre of sermon in seventeenth-century Russia was primarily brought about by Ruthenian authors influenced by the Latin tradition, e.g., Ioannikiy Galyatovsky, Lazar Baranovych and Simeon Polotsky. These authors incorporated their general knowledge of cosmology, astronomy and astrology into their homilies, which present a valuable insight into the intellectual background of the period through the prism of cosmological elements used mostly as parts of rhetoric constructions. While the functions of the particular elements of natural philosophy varied in different authors, they shared certain concepts common to both scholastic thought and Baroque aesthetics. Despite being considerably distant from seventeenth-century science, the homilies also served educational purposes and may be perceived as a step towards the Westernisation and secularisation of Russian culture.
Russian Literature, 2018
This paper analyses and compares models of the universe presented in two seventeenth century text... more This paper analyses and compares models of the universe presented in two seventeenth century texts, Simeon Polotskii's Aristotelian-Ptolemaic model in Venets very kafolicheskiia and Archpriest Avvakum Petrov's vertical-horizontal universe in his treatise 'Sniskanie i sobranie o Bozhestve i o tvari'. It considers the writers' sources, cosmological imagery, purpose, and the aesthetic and value properties represented by the two models and interprets them within the context of the seventeenth century cultural crisis in Russia. Examining how the macrocosm was presented by the two antagonists in the dispute over faith broadens our understanding of a pivotal cultural conflict in pre-Petrine Russian history.
Slovene, 2019
The paper focuses on interpretation of Biblical history in a lesser-known treatise written by Arc... more The paper focuses on interpretation of Biblical history in a lesser-known treatise written by Archpriest Avvakum entitled Sniskanie i sobranie o Bozhestve i o tvari. The main issues addressed in the paper are the sources and aims of the treatise, methods and functions of citing, structure and style of the text, the perception of God, the imagery of the world and paradise, the notion of mankind and fall of man, the progress and sense of history, the flow of time, the role of the author and the reader in the text. Central to this polemical treatise is the thesis of the immensity of God, which manifests itself both in spatial and in temporal aspects. The simplicity of Avvakum’s notion of the physical world is considered in the context of the author’s holistic worldview. An emphasis is put on the perception of the creation of Adam as a key moment that predetermined the eschatological plan of history. The paper traces the spatial and temporal imagery of Avvakum and its manifestation insi...
Studia Comeniana et historica, 2019
The paper focuses on the reception of Western cosmological models in the seventeenth-century Russ... more The paper focuses on the reception of Western cosmological models in the seventeenth-century Russia. The models include the classical scholastic adaptation of the geocentric model, the heliocentric model and the Hermetic tradition. In the seventeenth century, immigrants from Ruthenia (i.e. eastern parts of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth) played a significant part in the cultural development of Muscovy. Specifically, it was mainly scholars from Kiev who could be credited for bringing the notion of Western natural philosophy to Russia. Most of them, however, relied on scholastic models. The reception of the scholastic combination of natural philosophy with theology was problematic, while the first text which presented the heliocentric model did not cause any response or discussion. The criticism towards the Copernican universe would appear at the turn of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries; interestingly enough, it again came from the Ruthenian scholars.
Rossica Olomucensia, No. 2, 2020
The paper analyzes the utopian science fiction novel Red Star by A. Bogdanov (1908). The study fo... more The paper analyzes the utopian science fiction novel Red Star by A. Bogdanov (1908). The study focuses on the description of a fictional interplanetary travel analyzed in the context of scientific knowledge in the field of theoretical physics and astrophysics in the beginning of the twentieth century, and compares it with modern scientific concepts. A comparison of Bogdanov's technological imagery with the existing technologies of space travel is also presented. The study considers such concepts as antigravity, the theory of matter and 'minus-matter', ideas related to radioactivity and the possibilities of its use, the characteristics of the fictional interplanetary spacecraft ethero-neph, the idea of the parameters of an interplanetary flight, including a description of weightlessness and its effects on a human body, space flight trajectory, the importance of using computer technologies, presented in the novel. While certain concepts had obviously been borrowed from the already existing sci-fi narrative, other details in the Red Star can be regarded as a novelty and original solutions predicting the later technological advances. They reveal the breadth of Bogdanov's background, almost unique in science fiction writers of the beginning of the twentieth century.
Древняя Русь. Вопросы медиевистики. N4 (82), 2020
The paper explores disputes, discussions, polemical and critical texts that arose in Russia in th... more The paper explores disputes, discussions, polemical and critical texts that arose in Russia in the 17th century and were related to the cosmological aspects of the worldview. The paper analyzes such episodes as the debate of Lavrentii Zizanii with editors Elias the hegumen of the Theophany Convent and Grigorii Onisimov, Evfimii Chudovskii’s critical response to the Crown of Faith by Simeon Polotskii, Polotskii’s critical review of the Mirror of Theology by Kirill Tranquillion-
Stavrovetskii, and archpriest Avvakum’s treatise An Acquisition and Collection about God and Creation, which contains a polemic with apocryphal elements of the worldview. The study demonstrates the shift in the emphasis of criticism of cosmological models and constructions from the problem of nomination to the question whether the superlunary
world is measurable and cognizable. Another revealed tendency is the increased attention to the sources of information provided in the texts that are presented as doctrinal ones.
TEORIE VĚDY / THEORY OF SCIENCE / XLII No 1, 2020
Th e development of oral preaching and the genre of sermon in seventeenth-century Russia was prim... more Th e development of oral preaching and the genre of sermon in seventeenth-century Russia was primarily brought about by Ruthenian authors infl uenced by the Latin tradition, e.g., Ioannikiy Galyatovsky, Lazar Baranovych and Simeon Polotsky. Th ese authors incorporated their general knowledge of cosmology, astronomy and astrology into their homilies, which present a valuable insight into the intellectual background of the period through the prism of cos-mological elements used mostly as parts of rhetoric constructions. While the functions of the particular elements of natural philosophy varied in diff erent authors, they shared certain concepts common to both scholastic thought and Baroque aesthetics. Despite being considerably distant from seventeenth-century science, the homilies also served educational purposes and may be perceived as a step towards the Westernisation and secularisation of Russian culture. Kosmologické, astronomické a astrologické prvky v kázáních zapadoruských autorů 17. století Abstrakt: Vývoj ústního kázání a žánru kázání v Rusku v 17. století byl převážně dílem západoruských autorů ovlivněných latinskou tradicí, jako jsou Ioannikij Galjatovskij, Lazar Baranovič a Simeon Polockij. Tito kazatelé začleňovali své obecné znalosti o kosmologii, astrono-mii a astrologii do svých homilií, které umožňují nahlédnout do intelektuálního pozadí doby skrze kosmologické prvky po-užívané převážně jako součást rétorických konstrukcí. Funkce jednotlivých prvků přírodní fi losofi e se u různých autorů lišily, nicméně autoři sdíleli některé koncepty společné jak pro scholastické myšlení, tak pro barokní estetiku. Navzdory tomu, že jejich homilie byly značně vzdáleny úrovni vědeckého poznání v 17. století, plnily také vzdělávací účely a mohou být vnímány jako krok směrem k westerni-zaci a sekularizaci ruské kultury.
Russian Literature 99, 2018
This paper analyses and compares models of the universe presented in two seventeenth century text... more This paper analyses and compares models of the universe presented in two seventeenth century texts, Simeon Polotskii's Aristotelian-Ptolemaic model in Venets very kafolicheskiia and Archpriest Avvakum Petrov's vertical-horizontal universe in his treatise 'Sniskanie i sobranie o Bozhestve i o tvari'. It considers the writers' sources, cosmological imagery, purpose, and the aesthetic and value properties represented by the two models and interprets them within the context of the seventeenth century cultural crisis in Russia. Examining how the macrocosm was presented by the two antagonists in the dispute over faith broadens our understanding of a pivotal cultural conflict in pre-Petrine Russian history.
Вопросы философии 4, 2017
В данной работе рассматривается космологическая вставка в богословском компендиуме “Венец веры ка... more В данной работе рассматривается космологическая вставка в богословском компендиуме “Венец веры кафолическия” Симеона Полоцкого с точки зрения характеристики космологической модели, источников, использованных автором, в основном –
Compendium theologicae veritatis; изучается реакция Евфимия Чудовского на предложенную Cимеоном Полоцким модель и анализируется возможная интерпретация данной модели и ее критика с точки зрения культурных процессов во второй половине XVII в. Аристотелевско-птолемеевская модель космоса, подробно представленная Симеоном Полоцким в “Венце веры”, а также способ подачи материала не говорят о новаторстве или глубине естественнонаучных познаний автора, но свидетельствуют о смещении вектора культуры в сторону рационализации и секуляризации познания.