Anneli Sundkvist | Uppsala University (original) (raw)
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Papers by Anneli Sundkvist
Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft, Jan 20, 2012
Domestication of animals and plants marked a turning point in human prehistory. To date archaeolo... more Domestication of animals and plants marked a turning point in human prehistory. To date archaeology, archaeozoology and genetics have shed light on when and where all of our major livestock species were domesticated. Phenotypic changes associated with domestication have occurred in all farm animals. Coat colour is one of the traits that have been subjected to the strongest human selection throughout history. Here we use genotyping of coat colour SNPs in horses to investigate whether there were any regional differences or preferences for specific colours associated with specific cultural traditions in Iron Age Sweden. We do this by identifying the sex and coat colour of horses sacrificed at Skedemosse, Öland (Sweden) during the Iron Age, as well as in horses from two sites in Uppland, Ultuna and Valsgärde (dated to late Iron Age). We show that bay, black and chestnut colours were all common and two horses with tobiano spotting were found. We also show how the combination of sex ident...
""Report from the 1994-1996 excavations of the settlement site ... more ""Report from the 1994-1996 excavations of the settlement site connected to the boat grave field Valsgärde, north of Old Uppsala, Sweden. The settlement was dated to the 7th - 9th century (radio carbon and artefacts). Only a small part of the settlement was excavated, but major structures were revealed: 2 three-aisled longhouses, 1 sunken floor hut (pit house) and a possible hall on a terrace. For an article in English, see Norr, S. & Sundkvist, A., 1995. Valsgärde Revisited. Fieldwork Resumed after 40 Years. Tor 27:2. Uppsala. Uploaded here on Academia.edu.""""
The aim of the dissertation is to discuss aristocratic horse-keeping and riding in Late Iron Age ... more The aim of the dissertation is to discuss aristocratic horse-keeping and riding in Late Iron Age central Svealand (e. 550-1060 AD). Horse keeping is studied against the background of historical sou ...
Discussion of the inner disposition of some Roman Iron Age/Migration Period long-houses in the Ma... more Discussion of the inner disposition of some Roman Iron Age/Migration Period long-houses in the Malar valley, Sweden.
This article discusses a possible system of horse keeping, used in prehistoric Scandinavia, with ... more This article discusses a possible system of horse keeping, used in prehistoric Scandinavia, with focus on the Late Iron Age. The system, here referred to as that of free-roaming horses (Sw. utegångshästar), are still in use in several parts of the world and known from historic Scandinavian sources. The idea of the free-roaming horse system is to keep a surplus of horses under natural conditions, which means that the animals are left to themselves during the major part of the year, and in most cases, their lives. The systems leaves few, if any, traces in the archaeological record, but different sources indicate that there are many horses hidden behind the few stalls in Iron Age byres. However, there is ample evidence in archaeological and written sources that, when put together and illuminated by modern examples from different cultures, provide fruitful information about how great men and women kept their horses c. 1500 years ago.1 The Scandinavian Iron Age This article mainly deals ...
Presentation of the settlement site in Valsgarde with a survey of the research history of this si... more Presentation of the settlement site in Valsgarde with a survey of the research history of this site, previously famous for its boat grave field dated to the Germanic Iron Age and Viking Age.
Suionum Hinc Civitates Nya Undersokningar Kring Norra Malardalens Jarnalder, 1998
Discussion of the inner disposition of some Roman Iron Age/Migration Period long-houses in the Ma... more Discussion of the inner disposition of some Roman Iron Age/Migration Period long-houses in the Malar valley, Sweden.
The Migration Period Sösdala find from Scania, Sweden, consists of several horse-related artefact... more The Migration Period Sösdala find from Scania, Sweden, consists of several horse-related artefacts. The horse equipment is put into its equestrian context. What do the artefacts tell us about the riding they were once made for? The 5th century AD was turbulent and the old Roman values were challenged by riders from the east. Where did the Sösdala riders get their equestrian influences from? The Sösdala saddles and bridles are discussed from a rider’s perspective, with emphasis on function and the impact on the horse caused by the pieces of equipment.
Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft, Jan 20, 2012
Domestication of animals and plants marked a turning point in human prehistory. To date archaeolo... more Domestication of animals and plants marked a turning point in human prehistory. To date archaeology, archaeozoology and genetics have shed light on when and where all of our major livestock species were domesticated. Phenotypic changes associated with domestication have occurred in all farm animals. Coat colour is one of the traits that have been subjected to the strongest human selection throughout history. Here we use genotyping of coat colour SNPs in horses to investigate whether there were any regional differences or preferences for specific colours associated with specific cultural traditions in Iron Age Sweden. We do this by identifying the sex and coat colour of horses sacrificed at Skedemosse, Öland (Sweden) during the Iron Age, as well as in horses from two sites in Uppland, Ultuna and Valsgärde (dated to late Iron Age). We show that bay, black and chestnut colours were all common and two horses with tobiano spotting were found. We also show how the combination of sex identification with genotyping of just a few SNPs underlying the basic coat colours can be used to identify the minimum number of individuals at a site on a higher level than morphological methods alone. Although separated by 500 km and from significantly different archaeological contexts the horses at Skedemosse and Ultuna are quite homogenous when it comes to coat colour phenotypes, indicating that there were no clear geographical variation in coat colouration in Sweden during the late Iron Age and early Viking Age.
"Report from the 1994-1996 excavations of the settlement site connected to the boat grave field V... more "Report from the 1994-1996 excavations of the settlement site connected to the boat grave field Valsgärde, north of Old Uppsala, Sweden.
The settlement was dated to the 7th - 9th century (radio carbon and artefacts). Only a small part of the settlement was excavated, but major structures were revealed: 2 three-aisled longhouses, 1 sunken floor hut (pit house) and a possible hall on a terrace.
For an article in English, see Norr, S. & Sundkvist, A., 1995. Valsgärde Revisited. Fieldwork Resumed after 40 Years. Tor 27:2. Uppsala. Uploaded here on Academia.edu."""
B. Santillo Frizell (ed)., 2004. PECUS. Man and animal in antiquity. Rome.
This article discusses a possible system of horse keeping, used in prehistoric Scandinavia, with ... more This article discusses a possible system of horse keeping, used in prehistoric Scandinavia, with focus on the Late Iron Age. The system, here referred to as that of free-roaming horses (Sw. utegångshästar ästar ä ), are still in use in several parts of the world and known from historic Scandinavian sources. The idea of the free-roaming horse system is to keep a surplus of horses under natural conditions, which means that the animals are left to themselves during the major part of the year, and in most cases, their lives. The systems leaves few, if any, traces in the archaeological record, but different sources indicate that there are many horses hidden behind the few stalls in Iron Age byres. However, there is ample evidence in archaeological and written sources that, when put together and illuminated by modern examples from different cultures, provide fruitful information about how great men and women kept their horses c. 1500 years ago. 1
Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft, Jan 20, 2012
Domestication of animals and plants marked a turning point in human prehistory. To date archaeolo... more Domestication of animals and plants marked a turning point in human prehistory. To date archaeology, archaeozoology and genetics have shed light on when and where all of our major livestock species were domesticated. Phenotypic changes associated with domestication have occurred in all farm animals. Coat colour is one of the traits that have been subjected to the strongest human selection throughout history. Here we use genotyping of coat colour SNPs in horses to investigate whether there were any regional differences or preferences for specific colours associated with specific cultural traditions in Iron Age Sweden. We do this by identifying the sex and coat colour of horses sacrificed at Skedemosse, Öland (Sweden) during the Iron Age, as well as in horses from two sites in Uppland, Ultuna and Valsgärde (dated to late Iron Age). We show that bay, black and chestnut colours were all common and two horses with tobiano spotting were found. We also show how the combination of sex ident...
""Report from the 1994-1996 excavations of the settlement site ... more ""Report from the 1994-1996 excavations of the settlement site connected to the boat grave field Valsgärde, north of Old Uppsala, Sweden. The settlement was dated to the 7th - 9th century (radio carbon and artefacts). Only a small part of the settlement was excavated, but major structures were revealed: 2 three-aisled longhouses, 1 sunken floor hut (pit house) and a possible hall on a terrace. For an article in English, see Norr, S. & Sundkvist, A., 1995. Valsgärde Revisited. Fieldwork Resumed after 40 Years. Tor 27:2. Uppsala. Uploaded here on Academia.edu.""""
The aim of the dissertation is to discuss aristocratic horse-keeping and riding in Late Iron Age ... more The aim of the dissertation is to discuss aristocratic horse-keeping and riding in Late Iron Age central Svealand (e. 550-1060 AD). Horse keeping is studied against the background of historical sou ...
Discussion of the inner disposition of some Roman Iron Age/Migration Period long-houses in the Ma... more Discussion of the inner disposition of some Roman Iron Age/Migration Period long-houses in the Malar valley, Sweden.
This article discusses a possible system of horse keeping, used in prehistoric Scandinavia, with ... more This article discusses a possible system of horse keeping, used in prehistoric Scandinavia, with focus on the Late Iron Age. The system, here referred to as that of free-roaming horses (Sw. utegångshästar), are still in use in several parts of the world and known from historic Scandinavian sources. The idea of the free-roaming horse system is to keep a surplus of horses under natural conditions, which means that the animals are left to themselves during the major part of the year, and in most cases, their lives. The systems leaves few, if any, traces in the archaeological record, but different sources indicate that there are many horses hidden behind the few stalls in Iron Age byres. However, there is ample evidence in archaeological and written sources that, when put together and illuminated by modern examples from different cultures, provide fruitful information about how great men and women kept their horses c. 1500 years ago.1 The Scandinavian Iron Age This article mainly deals ...
Presentation of the settlement site in Valsgarde with a survey of the research history of this si... more Presentation of the settlement site in Valsgarde with a survey of the research history of this site, previously famous for its boat grave field dated to the Germanic Iron Age and Viking Age.
Suionum Hinc Civitates Nya Undersokningar Kring Norra Malardalens Jarnalder, 1998
Discussion of the inner disposition of some Roman Iron Age/Migration Period long-houses in the Ma... more Discussion of the inner disposition of some Roman Iron Age/Migration Period long-houses in the Malar valley, Sweden.
The Migration Period Sösdala find from Scania, Sweden, consists of several horse-related artefact... more The Migration Period Sösdala find from Scania, Sweden, consists of several horse-related artefacts. The horse equipment is put into its equestrian context. What do the artefacts tell us about the riding they were once made for? The 5th century AD was turbulent and the old Roman values were challenged by riders from the east. Where did the Sösdala riders get their equestrian influences from? The Sösdala saddles and bridles are discussed from a rider’s perspective, with emphasis on function and the impact on the horse caused by the pieces of equipment.
Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft, Jan 20, 2012
Domestication of animals and plants marked a turning point in human prehistory. To date archaeolo... more Domestication of animals and plants marked a turning point in human prehistory. To date archaeology, archaeozoology and genetics have shed light on when and where all of our major livestock species were domesticated. Phenotypic changes associated with domestication have occurred in all farm animals. Coat colour is one of the traits that have been subjected to the strongest human selection throughout history. Here we use genotyping of coat colour SNPs in horses to investigate whether there were any regional differences or preferences for specific colours associated with specific cultural traditions in Iron Age Sweden. We do this by identifying the sex and coat colour of horses sacrificed at Skedemosse, Öland (Sweden) during the Iron Age, as well as in horses from two sites in Uppland, Ultuna and Valsgärde (dated to late Iron Age). We show that bay, black and chestnut colours were all common and two horses with tobiano spotting were found. We also show how the combination of sex identification with genotyping of just a few SNPs underlying the basic coat colours can be used to identify the minimum number of individuals at a site on a higher level than morphological methods alone. Although separated by 500 km and from significantly different archaeological contexts the horses at Skedemosse and Ultuna are quite homogenous when it comes to coat colour phenotypes, indicating that there were no clear geographical variation in coat colouration in Sweden during the late Iron Age and early Viking Age.
"Report from the 1994-1996 excavations of the settlement site connected to the boat grave field V... more "Report from the 1994-1996 excavations of the settlement site connected to the boat grave field Valsgärde, north of Old Uppsala, Sweden.
The settlement was dated to the 7th - 9th century (radio carbon and artefacts). Only a small part of the settlement was excavated, but major structures were revealed: 2 three-aisled longhouses, 1 sunken floor hut (pit house) and a possible hall on a terrace.
For an article in English, see Norr, S. & Sundkvist, A., 1995. Valsgärde Revisited. Fieldwork Resumed after 40 Years. Tor 27:2. Uppsala. Uploaded here on Academia.edu."""
B. Santillo Frizell (ed)., 2004. PECUS. Man and animal in antiquity. Rome.
This article discusses a possible system of horse keeping, used in prehistoric Scandinavia, with ... more This article discusses a possible system of horse keeping, used in prehistoric Scandinavia, with focus on the Late Iron Age. The system, here referred to as that of free-roaming horses (Sw. utegångshästar ästar ä ), are still in use in several parts of the world and known from historic Scandinavian sources. The idea of the free-roaming horse system is to keep a surplus of horses under natural conditions, which means that the animals are left to themselves during the major part of the year, and in most cases, their lives. The systems leaves few, if any, traces in the archaeological record, but different sources indicate that there are many horses hidden behind the few stalls in Iron Age byres. However, there is ample evidence in archaeological and written sources that, when put together and illuminated by modern examples from different cultures, provide fruitful information about how great men and women kept their horses c. 1500 years ago. 1
SAU rapport 2019:19, 2019
Excavation report from Tortuna, county of Västmanland, Sweden. The site was used as a settlement ... more Excavation report from Tortuna, county of Västmanland, Sweden. The site was used as a settlement 4th-7th Century AD and for ritual purposes from at least the 4th Century throughout the change of religion in the Viking Age. An early Christian burial site (12th Century) was found Close to the pagan ritual site. The site might be the location for one 'Tuna' farm.
The horse has been part of human history for thousands of years, having multiple roles: prey, sou... more The horse has been part of human history for thousands of years, having multiple roles: prey, source of raw materials and food, mount, “war machine”, co-worker, and companion are just a few examples of the outcome of horse and human relations through the millennia. This large diversity can be analysed through e.g. economic, social, artistic and mythological aspects. The horse-human interactions are visible in many different types of sources: archaeological, historic, iconographic, symbolic and technological, just to mention a few.
We invite speakers to explore this grand area of different aspects of this long history and relationship in a session with two main focuses:
The archaeological, historical, cultural and artistic study of horses in its different contexts. Iconography available on several archaeological and historical remains such as prehistoric art, sculptures, numismatics, mosaics, and frescoes, among other artistic manifestations of very different chronologies allows us to understand better the importance of the horse in the History of Humankind and development of civilization, mainly after the domestication process
Equestrian archaeology in the 21st century with the starting point in the horse as an animal. This highlights the need to bring horses, horse-related artefacts and ‘horse people’ within archaeology into a disciplinary field of research. Topics such as horse breeding, the evolution of horsemanship, and the art of riding, just to mention a few examples, cannot be studied based on archaeological artefacts only. In the growing field of equestrian studies, all types of sources and methods that help us to understand past relations between horse and man are welcome and needed.
Keywords: Equine archaeology, iconography, horse-human relations, diverse societies and cultures, Multiscalar Interactions equestrian studies, interdisciplinarity.