Víctor Yepes | Universitat Politècnica de València (original) (raw)

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Presento en este vídeo el libro "Procedimientos de construcción de cimentaciones y estructuras de... more Presento en este vídeo el libro "Procedimientos de construcción de cimentaciones y estructuras de contención", 2ª edición, editado por el Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universitat Politècnica de València.

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Papers by Víctor Yepes

Journal of Constructional Steel Research

Although it is still common practice to use homogeneous steel girders (same yield strength in the... more Although it is still common practice to use homogeneous steel girders (same yield strength in the flanges and web), implementing hybrid configurations seems to be an excellent alternative to improve the performance and sustainability of this type of structural element. Therefore, this paper provides a comprehensive review of the current state of knowledge on hybrid steel girders. The objective is to improve our understanding of this innovative and sustainable alternative to traditional homogeneous steel elements, with a focus on updating the theoretical basis for future design projects. The study analyzes 128 publications, from which information is extracted on five categorical variables, reflecting the current situation of hybrid elements. In addition to studying each variable separately and highlighting the most relevant research to date, a more in-depth statistical analysis is performed. It is based on simple correspondence analysis, which allows identifying the underlying relationships among the variables. Results summarize the design methods implemented to calculate these structures. Furthermore, the recommended hybrid ratios to achieve the best performance are presented. However, it is found that there are gaps in the research. Consequently, several promising lines of investigation are proposed.

Sustainability, Dec 12, 2022

Applied Sciences

This paper deals with the seismic column design of 35 elevated RC water storage tanks. Tanks comp... more This paper deals with the seismic column design of 35 elevated RC water storage tanks. Tanks comprise a top conic trunk reservoir, a column with variable hollow square cross-sections, and a shallow foundation on a sand layer. The five-column heights considered are 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 m. The five tanks are subjected to seven degrees of seismic loading characterized by the reference peak ground acceleration in Eurocode 8. The elevated tanks are designed against the full prescriptions of Eurocode 2, Eurocode 8, and the Spaniard Structural Code of Practice. This includes variable loads for seismicity, wind, snow, etc., together with the action of self-weight and dead loads. The optimization design method considered is a variant of the old bachelor algorithm, an adaptive threshold acceptance method with a neighborhood move based on the mutation operator from genetic algorithms. Column results show the high nonlinearity of the problem since the horizontal seismic forces depend on the r...

Journal of Construction Engineering and Management

Revista CIATEC-UPF, Jun 18, 2019

INTED2021 Proceedings, 2021

Mathematics, 2020

The counterfort retaining wall is one of the most frequent structures used in civil engineering. ... more The counterfort retaining wall is one of the most frequent structures used in civil engineering. In this structure, optimization of cost and CO2 emissions are important. The first is relevant in the competitiveness and efficiency of the company, the second in environmental impact. From the point of view of computational complexity, the problem is challenging due to the large number of possible combinations in the solution space. In this article, a k-means cuckoo search hybrid algorithm is proposed where the cuckoo search metaheuristic is used as an optimization mechanism in continuous spaces and the unsupervised k-means learning technique to discretize the solutions. A random operator is designed to determine the contribution of the k-means operator in the optimization process. The best values, the averages, and the interquartile ranges of the obtained distributions are compared. The hybrid algorithm was later compared to a version of harmony search that also solved the problem. The...

Mathematics, 2020

The design of reinforced earth retaining walls is a combinatorial optimization problem of interes... more The design of reinforced earth retaining walls is a combinatorial optimization problem of interest due to practical applications regarding the cost savings involved in the design and the optimization in the amount of CO 2 emissions generated in its construction. On the other hand, this problem presents important challenges in computational complexity since it involves 32 design variables; therefore we have in the order of 10 20 possible combinations. In this article, we propose a hybrid algorithm in which the particle swarm optimization method is integrated that solves optimization problems in continuous spaces with the db-scan clustering technique, with the aim of addressing the combinatorial problem of the design of reinforced earth retaining walls. This algorithm optimizes two objective functions: the carbon emissions embedded and the economic cost of reinforced concrete walls. To assess the contribution of the db-scan operator in the optimization process, a random operator was d...

Proceedings of International Structural Engineering and Construction, 2017

The sustainability approach has changed the modern society. Currently, the sustainability takes i... more The sustainability approach has changed the modern society. Currently, the sustainability takes into consideration, not only the economic and environmental facets, but also the social facet. Taking into account the three facets of sustainability, this paper shows the application of a method of active learning to assess the sustainability of three real retaining walls. A group of 29 students of the Master of Science in Planning and Management in Civil Engineering at the Universitat Politècnica de València has experienced this assessment. The method followed was proposed by academics of the School of Civil Engineering of the Universitat Politècnica de València (Spain) and Universidad de La Frontera (Chile). An approach multi-criteria and a clusters analysis are part of method, which allows developing a participative process with different points of view about the sustainability. The outcomes show that of this way students can forecast impacts from of the integration of design, plannin...

Proceedings of International Structural Engineering and Construction, 2017

Structural engineers focus on the reduction of carbon emissions in reinforced concrete structures... more Structural engineers focus on the reduction of carbon emissions in reinforced concrete structures, while other impacts affecting ecosystems and human health become secondary or are left behind. The featured life cycle assessment shows the impacts corresponding to each construction stage of an earth-retaining wall with buttresses. In this study the contribution ratio of each input flow is analyzed. Accordingly, concrete, landfill, machinery, formwork, steel, and transport are considered. Results show that despite the concrete almost always accounts for the largest contribution to each impact, the impact shares of steel present noticeable sensitivity to the steel-manufacturing route. The parameter of study is the recycling rate, usually 75% reached in Spain. Noticeable variation is found when the recycling content increases. The relationship between the impacts of each material with the amount of material used discloses research interest.

Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018

Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, 2017

Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017

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Journal of Constructional Steel Research

Sustainability, Dec 12, 2022

Applied Sciences

Journal of Construction Engineering and Management

Revista CIATEC-UPF, Jun 18, 2019

INTED2021 Proceedings, 2021

Mathematics, 2020

Proceedings of International Structural Engineering and Construction, 2017

Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018

Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, 2017

Journal of Cleaner Production, 2017

Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 2016

El proyecto HYDELIFE aborda directamente el reto de la sostenibilidad social y medioambiental de ... more El proyecto HYDELIFE aborda directamente el reto de la sostenibilidad social y medioambiental de las estructuras a lo largo de su ciclo de vida, desde el proyecto hasta la demolición. El objetivo consiste en la formulación y resolución del problema de optimización multiobjetivo que contemple el ciclo completo de construcciones modulares, puentes mixtos y estructuras híbridas. Para ello se han utilizado metaheurísticas híbridas con aprendizaje profundo, el empleo de la lógica neutrosófica y las redes bayesianas combinada con el análisis del ciclo de vida, análisis basado en fiabilidad, diseño óptimo robusto, metamodelos y técnicas de minería de datos. La principal contribución es la incorporación de las emergentes metaheurísticas híbridas basadas en el aprendizaje profundo para abordar la variabilidad de los parámetros y restricciones del problema de optimización multiobjetivo basado en criterios de sostenibilidad social y medioambiental. Por tanto, el proyecto aporta un mejor conocimiento en el diseño de las construcciones industrializadas, puentes mixtos y estructuras híbridas, tanto en el caso de obra nueva, como en el mantenimiento robusto si se aplica a infraestructuras existentes, mejorando la capacitación tecnológica de las empresas del sector y optimizando sus procesos de diseño, con el objetivo último de generar un beneficio social y medioambiental.

In recent times, a great deal of interest has emerged from different sectors of society towards s... more In recent times, a great deal of interest has emerged from different sectors of society towards sustainability and sustainable product design. Decision makers are increasingly encouraged to take into consideration the economic, environmental and social dimensions of reality when dealing with problems. Sustainability is of particular importance in the field of civil engineering, where structures are designed that are long lasting and shall cause significant impacts over a long period of time, such as bridges or dams. Consequently, when addressing a structural design, civil engineers shall account for the three dimensions of sustainability, which usually show conflicting perspectives. Multi-criteria methods allow the inclusion of non-monetary aspects into the design process of infrastructure. In the postgraduate course 'Predictive and optimisation models for concrete structures', offered at the Masters in Concrete Engineering of the Universitat Politècnica de València, civil engineering students are taught how to apply such tools within the framework of sustainable design of concrete structures. The present paper conducts a state-of-the-art review of the main multi-criteria decision making methodologies taught in the course in the context of sustainability. Articles are searched in recognized databases, such as SCOPUS and Web of Science. The most significant methods, such as Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Elimination and Choice Expressing Reality (ELECTRE), Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) or Complex Proportional Assessment (COPRAS) are systematically discussed, identifying the actual trends concerning the use of such methodologies in the field of civil engineering. The review provides a deep insight in the multi criteria techniques that are most frequently used when assessing sustainability of infrastructure designs.

This paper deals with the postgraduate course 'Predictive and optimisation models for concrete st... more This paper deals with the postgraduate course 'Predictive and optimisation models for concrete structures', offered at the Masters in Concrete Engineering of the Universitat Politècnica de València. Within this course, engineering students are introduced into different optimization algorithms, such as simulated annealing, neural networks, genetic algorithms, etc. of application in the automated design of concrete structures of any type. In recent times, such heuristic methods have turned out to be of great interest in the resolution of complex and actual engineering problems, such as the sustainable design and management of structures. This communication presents a case study where the ongoing research of the teaching body is applied so as to find the most sustainable management strategy for a particular bridge system consisting of 7 bridges whose lengths vary between 380 m and 1980 m. The optimization problem here aims to minimize both the economic and environmental life cycle impacts derived from the maintenance of the concrete decks of a bridge network by selecting the adequate maintenance intervals for every deck considering annual budgetary restrictions. A multi-objective simulated annealing algorithm is applied to find the set of Pareto optimal solutions for the presented engineering problem. The environmentally preferable maintenance strategy results in life cycle costs 4.9% greater than those related to the cost-optimal strategy, which in turn results in environmental impacts 5.6% greater than those from the environmentally optimized management option. Results are then compared to the optimal strategies considering a single bridge deck, showing that the optimality at the bridge level does not necessarily lead to a sustainable optimum at the network level. From this it follows that, when optimizing maintenance under budgetary restrictions, the network shall be analysed as a whole, and not as an aggregation of optimal strategies for each individual bridge. The case study presented here shows in a nutshell the close connection between the course curricula of the MSc course and the ongoing research of the teaching and research group.

This paper aims to establish a hierarchical corresponding structure between the competencies and ... more This paper aims to establish a hierarchical corresponding structure between the competencies and the learning outcomes of a subject. To this end, after checking the different interpretations that exist between the two concepts, one chooses to consider that the learning outcomes are concretions of the competences for a certain level and that they are the result of the teaching-learning process. In addition, the necessary alignment between the programs of a subject, the acquisition of competencies and learning outcomes and the evaluation of the student, recommends to prioritize the learning results in two levels. As a result of the foregoing, this paper shows the applicability of this hierarchical correspondence to two subjects of the degree of Civil Resumen El objetivo del artículo es establecer una estructuración de correspondencias jerárquicas entre las competencias y los resultados de aprendizaje de una asignatura. Para ello, tras comprobar las distintas interpretaciones que existen entre ambos conceptos, se opta por considerar que los resultados del aprendizaje son concreciones de las competencias para un determinado nivel y que son el resultado del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Además, el necesario alineamiento entre los programas de una asignatura, la adquisición de competencias y resultados de aprendizaje y la evaluación del estudiante, aconseja jerarquizar los resultados de aprendizaje en dos niveles. Como resultado de lo anterior, se muestra la aplicabilidad de esta correspondencia jerárquica a dos Palabras clave: competencias, resultados de aprendizaje, correspondencia jerárquica, procedimientos de construcción, ingeniería civil.

Conferencia presentada en Encuentros Barcelona 26-28 octubre de 2016 en Universidad de Barcelona.... more Conferencia presentada en Encuentros Barcelona 26-28 octubre de 2016 en Universidad de Barcelona. El desarrollo sostenible compatibiliza lo económico, lo social y lo ambiental, sin comprometer las posibilidades del desarrollo de las nuevas generaciones y de la vida futura del planeta (World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987; United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, 1992). En este contexto, ya a partir de 1992 la industria de la construcción ha iniciado planes de acción propuestos por las Naciones Unidas y sus organizaciones a través de la Agenda 21 para la Construcción Sostenible en el Desarrollo de los Países (International Council for Research and Innovation in Building and Construction y United Nations Environment Programme, 2002). Este plan fue suscrito en sus inicios por más de 178 países convocados por las Naciones Unidas en la denominada Conferencia de Río sobre el Medio Ambiente y el Desarrollo (UNCED, 1992). Desde ese momento, se ha concienciado el seguimiento de una agenda orientada a la sostenibilidad a lo largo del ciclo de vida del proyecto: planeamiento, diseño, construcción, explotación y demolición. No obstante, no ha sido suficiente. Se reconoce que la limitación fundamental de la sostenibilidad hoy en día esque tiende a centrarse en las consideraciones biofísicas y económicas sin tener la suficiente consideración de los aspectos sociales.

¿Suponen las playas inteligentes un cambio de paradigma en el ámbito de su gestión? Resulta tenta... more ¿Suponen las playas inteligentes un cambio de paradigma en el ámbito de su gestión? Resulta tentador cualquier cambio de paradigma aplicado en el ámbito científico. Del cambio de paradigma de las playas ya se habló en su momento cuando se reclamaba un órgano de gestión que permitiese atender las necesidades de los usuarios y de lo que se en aquel momento se llamaba “el nuevo enfoque”. A día de hoy, probablemente la incorporación de la inteligencia artificial y las nuevas tecnologías de comunicación permitan un cambio profundo en la forma de gestionar las playas; sin embargo, según se argumenta a continuación, para ello sería necesaria la incorporación de estas tecnologías en el proceso de toma de decisión de los gestores. No existe constancia clara de que dicha situación no se haya producido de momento y, por tanto, resulta de interés cierto acercamiento al concepto de playa inteligente..

Este manual trata de los fundamentos de la gestión del coste y la producción de la maquinaria emp... more Este manual trata de los fundamentos de la gestión del coste y la producción de la maquinaria empleada en la construcción. Se desarrollan los aspectos relacionados con la selección de las máquinas, su vida económica y estructura de coste. Se introducen los conceptos básicos sobre disponibilidad, fiabilidad y mantenimiento de equipos, así como otros referentes a la gestión de inventarios y parques de maquinaria. Se analizan los aspectos fundamentales del estudio del trabajo aplicables a los equipos. Se desarrollan los conceptos relacionados con la constructividad y constructabilidad, la medida y los incentivos a la productividad, el fenómeno del aprendizaje. Además, se explican aspectos necesarios para el cálculo de la producción de máquinas y conceptos relacionados con el estudio de métodos y medición del trabajo, el cronometraje, el rendimiento y los factores de producción, entre otros. El libro se complementa con un listado de referencias, así como numerosas cuestiones de autoevaluación y problemas resueltos que permiten al estudiante ampliar y aplicar los conocimientos desarrollados. Este manual tiene como objetivo apoyar los contenidos lectivos de los programas de los estudios de grado relacionados con la ingeniería civil, la edificación y las obras públicas. No obstante, también resulta útil en otros estudios relacionados con la ingeniería de la construcción y la minería y a aquellos profesionales que desarrollan sus tareas en estos ámbitos

Reactive proactive architecture, 2018

The Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) Industry has been changing during the last y... more The Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) Industry has been changing during the last years for several reasons. The appearance of new technologies like Building Information Modelling and techniques like Lean Construction or life cycle analysis are creating new trends and opportunities that alter the methodologies of this industry. Regardless the methodology applied on a restoration there is a difference between the terms rehabilitation and reinforcement misunderstandings. Rehabilitation is the reacquisition by the elements of their initial capabilities, allowing them to perform the same as before they had received the damage in the structural performance of the element. Most of the techniques are valid in both cases, but there are some that are not. As our focus is the structural reinforcement we will be increasing the actual structural performance of the element even if that means just to recover its original state.