Penny Bailey | The University of Queensland, Australia (original) (raw)

Papers by Penny Bailey

The Asia-Pacific Journal: Japan Focus, Aug 15, 2019

One hundred years on from Korea's Sam-il (March First) Independence Movement, this article outlin... more One hundred years on from Korea's Sam-il (March First) Independence Movement, this article outlines a number of factors that led to the mass mobilization of Koreans in sustained nationwide efforts to oust the Japanese colonizers from the peninsula. Although much of the pro-independence activism took place at the grassroots level in Korea, the movement also provided an opportunity for contemporaneous transnational commentators to publicly make known their disapproval of Japan's escalating imperial expansionism and its rigid colonial policies. In Japan, a number of concerned observers questioned the dominant mode of thinking at the time which pitted the colonial project as a noble and altruistic venture that would "civilize" Koreans. Criticisms ranged from a distrust of the empire's political motivations to the economic costs of running the colonies, and moral opposition based on humanitarian grounds. One Japanese commentator who demonstrated solidarity with the colonized Koreans was the art critic Yanagi Sōetsu 柳宗悦 (1889-1961), who published a number of impassioned appeals in an effort to demonstrate his indignation at Japan's occupation of the peninsula and to highlight the importance of acknowledging and protecting Korea's vast repository of extraordinary visual cultures.

Japanese Studies, Sep 1, 2013

Review of Japanese culture and society, 2016

A Second Era of Reform in Japan’s Manufacturing Industry The unique developmental trajectory of J... more A Second Era of Reform in Japan’s Manufacturing Industry The unique developmental trajectory of Japan’s manufacturing industry is attributable to a combination of our people’s innate abilities, their sustained efforts at technical advancement, and the prevalence in our country of small, family-based enterprises. However, in addition to the current standstill in manufacturing precipitated by reforms initiated during the Meiji Restoration,1 the industry has been overwhelmed by the pressures accompanying the importation of Western culture, including capitalism and the introduction of modern industry. Although, on the one hand, the extraordinary growth brought about by scientific and economic gains should be lauded, on the other hand, our national artistic output built over several thousand years of carefully nurtured tradition has all but disappeared. In particular, the necessities of daily life produced for the general populace lack inspiration and have greatly deteriorated in quality. In turn, our exports have begun to stagnate. Combined with the substantial increase of unusual imported goods, we can only regard this decline in our own manufacturing standards as a great loss to our nation. We cannot conduct our lives based purely on utilitarian concerns. Humans instinctively crave beauty. It goes without saying, therefore, that although utility is the principal concern in the production of goods for daily use, an aesthetic element that satisfies our desire for beauty is also necessary. Goods that are produced through the power of science or mechanization alone are not infused with the spirit of their creators. Furthermore, because they are so lacking in aesthetic elements, it is also true that we cannot derive satisfaction from such objects. The stalemate created today by scientific civilization is regrettable not just in the industrial sphere, but generally. This is one adverse consequence of believing in the omnipotence of science. While in our manufacturing industry, the scientific methods Industrial Arts and the Development of Japan’s Industry (1932) Kunii Kitarō

Review of Japanese culture and society, 2016

Review of Japanese culture and society, 2016

The Review of Korean Studies, 2015

ion in Paris, then finally found it in the abstraction of prehistoric Japan’ (135). Tracing Noguc... more ion in Paris, then finally found it in the abstraction of prehistoric Japan’ (135). Tracing Noguchi’s lifelong journey across artistic and cultural borders, The Life of Isamu Noguchi is a prodigious study of an extraordinary life. It is factually dense, but at the same time a very accessible and fascinating read, revealing many previously unknown biographical details. Masayo and Peter Duus are to be congratulated for their very significant bilingual contribution to the existing scholarship on this remarkable artist. PENNY BAILEY University of Queensland 2008 Penny Bailey Book Reviews 119

error may yield equivocal results. As (eds.) (1998). Persuasion. a result, the large number of ex... more error may yield equivocal results. As (eds.) (1998). Persuasion. a result, the large number of experi-Advances Through Meta-analysis. ments appears to have blurred the Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press. picture of the relation between mes-ISBN 1-57273-067-6 (pbk.), 280 pp. sage characteristic and persuasion instead of making it clearer. Using meta-analysis as a means to Ever since the rhetoricians in ancient more reliably assess message varia-Greece, people have been intrigued ble effects, may help the scholars by the question which message char-interested in this topic as is claimed acteristics make people yield to the by Hamilton and Hunter in the openclaims put forward. During the ing chapter of this volume. In a second world war, Hovland and his meta-analysis, all (published and, colleagues started to employ expert-hopefully, unpublished) studies on a mental methods in order to address certain message characteristic, for this question. Their example has set instance, the use of testimonial eviof an avalanche of experiments in dence, are compilated. Relevant stawhich messages are manipulated on tistics of each study, for instance, the one or two dimensions and the audi-effect of using testimonial evidence ence's beliefs, attitudes, or behavior on the participants' attitude, are cornare observed. In this way, scholars pilated in order to compute a more sought to identify the message char-reliable estimate of the effect size, acteristics that facilitate or inhibit the Several methods are available to corpersuasion process. rect for such artifacts as the sampling Despite the effort of many talent-error, the measurement error, lacking ed scholars, the large number of stu-construct validity, the dichotomizadies in the field has not resulted in a tion of continuous variables, and the clearer picture of which message char-restriction of range. Furthermore, it is acteristics influence in which way often possible to test whether there the persuasion process. Some schol-are any interacting factors influenars would even claim the opposite: cing the effect size, such as the parthe results of different studies are ticipants' education level, or the topic more likely to contradict than to cor-used. roborate each other. However, com-During the past decades, a large paring studies is difficult. Even ex-number of individual studies have periments on the same message char-been conducted on several message acteristic, e.g., the fear appeal, may characteristics. Therefore, it is fruitdiffer on important aspects such as ful to review these individual studies the sort and number of participants, using meta-analysis In the volume the way in which the dependent edited by Mike Allen and Raymond variable is measured, or the topic of W. Preiss, meta-analytic reviews are the message employed. And even published on the effects of message when two studies are identical on characteristics (fear appeals, incluthese aspects, the inevitable sampling sion of testimonial evidence, one

Asian Studies Review, 2008

Asian Studies Review, 2008

This book represents the second instalment in a project to rethink the twentiethcentury history o... more This book represents the second instalment in a project to rethink the twentiethcentury history of China and China’s self-image in its ‘‘ethnopolitical’’ context. Liu contends that previous macro-historical approaches to the emergence of modern China have neglected its non-Han frontiers, the study of which serves to problematise notions of ‘‘liberation’’ and expose the contradiction between the centralising impulse and de-imperialising rhetoric of Han-centric Chinese nationalism. Liu begins by charting the history of the struggle over Mongolia from the fall of the Qing to the end of World War II. He argues that the Mongolian independence of 1911 was fuelled by elite concern to maintain the privileges accorded them by the Qing dynasty, and was thus just as much a product of the imperial legacy as the Chinese nationalists’ claim on Mongolian territory. Soviet intervention during the Civil War initially left Outer Mongolia’s legal status in question, but the break with Jiang Jieshi in ...

The Asia-Pacific Journal: Japan Focus, Aug 15, 2019

One hundred years on from Korea's Sam-il (March First) Independence Movement, this article outlin... more One hundred years on from Korea's Sam-il (March First) Independence Movement, this article outlines a number of factors that led to the mass mobilization of Koreans in sustained nationwide efforts to oust the Japanese colonizers from the peninsula. Although much of the pro-independence activism took place at the grassroots level in Korea, the movement also provided an opportunity for contemporaneous transnational commentators to publicly make known their disapproval of Japan's escalating imperial expansionism and its rigid colonial policies. In Japan, a number of concerned observers questioned the dominant mode of thinking at the time which pitted the colonial project as a noble and altruistic venture that would "civilize" Koreans. Criticisms ranged from a distrust of the empire's political motivations to the economic costs of running the colonies, and moral opposition based on humanitarian grounds. One Japanese commentator who demonstrated solidarity with the colonized Koreans was the art critic Yanagi Sōetsu 柳宗悦 (1889-1961), who published a number of impassioned appeals in an effort to demonstrate his indignation at Japan's occupation of the peninsula and to highlight the importance of acknowledging and protecting Korea's vast repository of extraordinary visual cultures.

Japanese Studies, Sep 1, 2013

Review of Japanese culture and society, 2016

A Second Era of Reform in Japan’s Manufacturing Industry The unique developmental trajectory of J... more A Second Era of Reform in Japan’s Manufacturing Industry The unique developmental trajectory of Japan’s manufacturing industry is attributable to a combination of our people’s innate abilities, their sustained efforts at technical advancement, and the prevalence in our country of small, family-based enterprises. However, in addition to the current standstill in manufacturing precipitated by reforms initiated during the Meiji Restoration,1 the industry has been overwhelmed by the pressures accompanying the importation of Western culture, including capitalism and the introduction of modern industry. Although, on the one hand, the extraordinary growth brought about by scientific and economic gains should be lauded, on the other hand, our national artistic output built over several thousand years of carefully nurtured tradition has all but disappeared. In particular, the necessities of daily life produced for the general populace lack inspiration and have greatly deteriorated in quality. In turn, our exports have begun to stagnate. Combined with the substantial increase of unusual imported goods, we can only regard this decline in our own manufacturing standards as a great loss to our nation. We cannot conduct our lives based purely on utilitarian concerns. Humans instinctively crave beauty. It goes without saying, therefore, that although utility is the principal concern in the production of goods for daily use, an aesthetic element that satisfies our desire for beauty is also necessary. Goods that are produced through the power of science or mechanization alone are not infused with the spirit of their creators. Furthermore, because they are so lacking in aesthetic elements, it is also true that we cannot derive satisfaction from such objects. The stalemate created today by scientific civilization is regrettable not just in the industrial sphere, but generally. This is one adverse consequence of believing in the omnipotence of science. While in our manufacturing industry, the scientific methods Industrial Arts and the Development of Japan’s Industry (1932) Kunii Kitarō

Review of Japanese culture and society, 2016

Review of Japanese culture and society, 2016

The Review of Korean Studies, 2015

ion in Paris, then finally found it in the abstraction of prehistoric Japan’ (135). Tracing Noguc... more ion in Paris, then finally found it in the abstraction of prehistoric Japan’ (135). Tracing Noguchi’s lifelong journey across artistic and cultural borders, The Life of Isamu Noguchi is a prodigious study of an extraordinary life. It is factually dense, but at the same time a very accessible and fascinating read, revealing many previously unknown biographical details. Masayo and Peter Duus are to be congratulated for their very significant bilingual contribution to the existing scholarship on this remarkable artist. PENNY BAILEY University of Queensland 2008 Penny Bailey Book Reviews 119

error may yield equivocal results. As (eds.) (1998). Persuasion. a result, the large number of ex... more error may yield equivocal results. As (eds.) (1998). Persuasion. a result, the large number of experi-Advances Through Meta-analysis. ments appears to have blurred the Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press. picture of the relation between mes-ISBN 1-57273-067-6 (pbk.), 280 pp. sage characteristic and persuasion instead of making it clearer. Using meta-analysis as a means to Ever since the rhetoricians in ancient more reliably assess message varia-Greece, people have been intrigued ble effects, may help the scholars by the question which message char-interested in this topic as is claimed acteristics make people yield to the by Hamilton and Hunter in the openclaims put forward. During the ing chapter of this volume. In a second world war, Hovland and his meta-analysis, all (published and, colleagues started to employ expert-hopefully, unpublished) studies on a mental methods in order to address certain message characteristic, for this question. Their example has set instance, the use of testimonial eviof an avalanche of experiments in dence, are compilated. Relevant stawhich messages are manipulated on tistics of each study, for instance, the one or two dimensions and the audi-effect of using testimonial evidence ence's beliefs, attitudes, or behavior on the participants' attitude, are cornare observed. In this way, scholars pilated in order to compute a more sought to identify the message char-reliable estimate of the effect size, acteristics that facilitate or inhibit the Several methods are available to corpersuasion process. rect for such artifacts as the sampling Despite the effort of many talent-error, the measurement error, lacking ed scholars, the large number of stu-construct validity, the dichotomizadies in the field has not resulted in a tion of continuous variables, and the clearer picture of which message char-restriction of range. Furthermore, it is acteristics influence in which way often possible to test whether there the persuasion process. Some schol-are any interacting factors influenars would even claim the opposite: cing the effect size, such as the parthe results of different studies are ticipants' education level, or the topic more likely to contradict than to cor-used. roborate each other. However, com-During the past decades, a large paring studies is difficult. Even ex-number of individual studies have periments on the same message char-been conducted on several message acteristic, e.g., the fear appeal, may characteristics. Therefore, it is fruitdiffer on important aspects such as ful to review these individual studies the sort and number of participants, using meta-analysis In the volume the way in which the dependent edited by Mike Allen and Raymond variable is measured, or the topic of W. Preiss, meta-analytic reviews are the message employed. And even published on the effects of message when two studies are identical on characteristics (fear appeals, incluthese aspects, the inevitable sampling sion of testimonial evidence, one

Asian Studies Review, 2008

Asian Studies Review, 2008

This book represents the second instalment in a project to rethink the twentiethcentury history o... more This book represents the second instalment in a project to rethink the twentiethcentury history of China and China’s self-image in its ‘‘ethnopolitical’’ context. Liu contends that previous macro-historical approaches to the emergence of modern China have neglected its non-Han frontiers, the study of which serves to problematise notions of ‘‘liberation’’ and expose the contradiction between the centralising impulse and de-imperialising rhetoric of Han-centric Chinese nationalism. Liu begins by charting the history of the struggle over Mongolia from the fall of the Qing to the end of World War II. He argues that the Mongolian independence of 1911 was fuelled by elite concern to maintain the privileges accorded them by the Qing dynasty, and was thus just as much a product of the imperial legacy as the Chinese nationalists’ claim on Mongolian territory. Soviet intervention during the Civil War initially left Outer Mongolia’s legal status in question, but the break with Jiang Jieshi in ...