Gilbert Cabana | Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (original) (raw)

Papers by Gilbert Cabana

Research paper thumbnail of Random offspring Mortality and Variation in Parental Fitness

Evolution, 1991

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Research paper thumbnail of Interannual variability in stage-specific survival rates and the causes of recruitment variation

Early Life History and Recruitment in Fish Populations, 1997

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Research paper thumbnail of Group size variability in primates

Primates, 1990

The effects of mean troop size, diet, territoriality, and habitat upon temporal variability of gr... more The effects of mean troop size, diet, territoriality, and habitat upon temporal variability of group size in primates were investigated using variance functions relating mean group size and temporal variability. Two different types of variability were described: (1) within group variability where a single troop was followed over a given period of time; and (2) between group variability where the

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Research paper thumbnail of Does δ 15N in river food webs reflect the intensity and origin of N loads from the watershed?

Science of The Total Environment, 2006

Stable nitrogen isotope ratios (δ15N) were measured in invertebrates and fish collected from 82 r... more Stable nitrogen isotope ratios (δ15N) were measured in invertebrates and fish collected from 82 river sites located in the Saint-Lawrence Lowlands in Québec, Canada, to examine the relationship between aquatic biota δ15N and anthropogenic nitrogen (N) loads. Mean δ15N values of all three trophic levels examined (primary consumers, predatory invertebrates and invertebrate-feeding fish) were highly correlated with total anthropogenic N

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Research paper thumbnail of Estimating the trophic position of aquatic consumers in river food webs using stable nitrogen isotopes

Journal of The North American Benthological Society, 2007

Intraspecific and interspecific variation in the trophic position of various consumers is central... more Intraspecific and interspecific variation in the trophic position of various consumers is central to many theories of aquatic ecosystem functioning and dynamics. In recent years, such issues have been addressed using stable N isotopes (δ 15 N) to estimate trophic position of ...

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Research paper thumbnail of δ 15 N in riverine food webs: effects of N inputs from agricultural watersheds

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 2005

Abstract: We examined the use of the natural abundance of nitrogen stable isotopes (δ15N) as a tr... more Abstract: We examined the use of the natural abundance of nitrogen stable isotopes (δ15N) as a tracer of anthropo-genic perturbations of the nitrogen (N) cycle at the watershed scale in 82 river sites draining 13 watersheds in the St. Lawrence Lowlands in Quebec. Mean δ15N ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Effects of water velocity on algal carbon isotope ratios: Implications for river food web studies

Limnology and Oceanography, 1999

We used variation in algal d 13 C between river habitats to study the spatial scale of energy flo... more We used variation in algal d 13 C between river habitats to study the spatial scale of energy flow through river food webs. We found a strong negative relationship between herbivore d 13 C (which reflects algal d 13 C) and water velocity in three productive Northern California rivers but not in unproductive streams. The contrast among habitats suggests that

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Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of aquatic food chains using nitrogen isotopes

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 1996

Recent studies have shown the utility of delta(15)N to model trophic structure and contaminant bi... more Recent studies have shown the utility of delta(15)N to model trophic structure and contaminant bioaccumulation in aquatic food webs. However, cross-system comparisons in delta(15)N can be complicated by differences in delta(15)N at the base of the food chain. Such baseline variation in delta(15)N is difficult to resolve using plankton because of the large temporal variability in the delta(15)N of small organisms that have fast nitrogen turnover. Comparisons using large primary consumers, which have stable tissue isotopic signatures because of their slower nitrogen turnover, show that delta(15)N increases markedly with the human population density in the lake watershed. This shift in delta(15)N likely reflects the high delta(15)N of human sewage. Correcting for this baseline variation in delta(15)N, we report that, contrary to expectations based on previous food-web analysis, the food chains leading up to fish varied by about only one trophic level among the 40 lakes studied. Our results also suggest that the delta(15)N signatures of nitrogen at the base of the food chain will provide a useful tool in the assessment of anthropogenic nutrient inputs.

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Research paper thumbnail of Anthropogenic alterations of lotic food web structure: evidence from the use of nitrogen isotopes

Oikos, 2009

Understanding the processes that regulate food chain length in nature is a classic theme in ecolo... more Understanding the processes that regulate food chain length in nature is a classic theme in ecology. Two factors expected to explain variation in food chain length are resource availability (productivity) and environmental stress. We examined the impact of ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Modelling food chain structure and contaminant bioaccumulation using stable nitrogen isotopes

Nature, 1994

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Research paper thumbnail of Measuring life-history omnivory in the opossum shrimp, Mysis relicta, with stable nitrogen isotopes

Limnology and Oceanography, 2000

... Biology McGill University 1205 Docteur Penfield Montreal, Quebec H3A lB 1 Asit Mazumder Depar... more ... Biology McGill University 1205 Docteur Penfield Montreal, Quebec H3A lB 1 Asit Mazumder Departement de Sciences biologiques Universite de Montreal CP 6128, Succursale A Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7 Joseph B. Rasmussen ... EVANS, M. S., RW BATHELT, AND C. P. RICE. ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Feeding by black fly (Diptera:Simuliidae) larvae causes downstream losses in phytoplankton, but not bacteria

Journal of the North American Benthological Society, 2004

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Research paper thumbnail of Estimating the feeding range of a mobile consumer in a river-flood plain system using δ13C gradients and parasites

Journal of Animal Ecology, 2011

1. The feeding range of an individual is central to food web dynamics as it determines the spatia... more 1. The feeding range of an individual is central to food web dynamics as it determines the spatial scale of predator-prey interactions. However, despite recognition of its importance as a driving force in population dynamics, establishing feeding range is seldom done as detailed information on trophic interactions is difficult to obtain. 2. Biological markers are useful to answer this challenge as long as spatial heterogeneity in signal is present within the area investigated. A spatially complex ecosystem, Lake St. Pierre (LSP), a fluvial lake of the St Lawrence River (Québec, Canada), offered a unique opportunity to determine the feeding range of a secondary consumer, yellow perch (Perca flavescens) using isotopic ratios of carbon (δ(13)C). However, because food chains based on phytoplankton have generally more negative δ(13) C than those depending on periphyton, it was essential to determine the contribution of zooplankton in fish diet to correctly interpret spatial patterns of δ(13)C. We used parasites in perch to examine whether their δ(13)C was reflecting local δ(13)C baseline conditions rather than a feeding specialization on zooplankton. 3. δ(13)C of primary consumers was highly variable and exhibited a striking gradient along the shore-channel axis, suggesting that δ(13)C should reflect an individual consumer's spatial position in LSP. 4. This strong isotopic gradient allowed us to estimate the spatial scale of the resources used by individual perch following an approach presented by Rasmussen, Trudeau & Morinville (Journal of Animal Ecology, 78, 2009, 674). By comparing the δ(13)C variability in perch to that of primary consumers, we estimated that the adults feeding range was around 2 km along the shore-channel axis. 5. The combined use of isotopic ratios and parasites allowed us to determine that the adult population uses a wide range of habitats between the flood plain and the main channel. However, individually, each perch depended on a limited foodshed.

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Research paper thumbnail of Sulphur stable isotopes can distinguish trophic dependence on sediments and plankton in boreal lakes

Freshwater Biology, 2009

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Research paper thumbnail of Are diatoms good integrators of temporal variability in stream water quality?

Freshwater Biology, 2008

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Research paper thumbnail of Ontogenetic Habitat Shifts of the Atlantic Tomcod (Microgadus tomcod) Across an Estuarine Transition Zone

Estuaries and Coasts, 2011

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Research paper thumbnail of An evaluation of the success of dredging as remediation at a DDT-contaminated site in San Francisco Bay, California, USA

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2002

Lauritzen Canal, a portion of San Francisco Bay near Richmond, California, USA, was heavily conta... more Lauritzen Canal, a portion of San Francisco Bay near Richmond, California, USA, was heavily contaminated with dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and dieldrin as a result of releases from a pesticide-formulating firm. In 1996 and 1997, 82,000 m3 of contaminated sediment was removed from the canal by dredging. This study evaluated the success of the dredging based largely on body burdens of DDT and its metabolites (sigmaDDT) in resident biota, with some data on sediment- and water-contaminant levels and sediment toxicity testing. Sediment disturbance during dredging introduced a pulse of sigmaDDT into the Lauritzen Canal ecosystem, and body burdens of fish and invertebrates increased 2- to 76-fold, depending on the species. Approximately 1 1/2 years after remediation, 11 of 14 indicators showed contamination comparable with or worse than the contamination that existed prior to dredging. Monitoring of mussels up to four years postdredging suggests some modest improvement, although the sigmaDDT body burden of canal mussels remained far above the norm for San Francisco Bay. The elevated sigmaDDT body burdens in biota that persisted for years after remediation reflect recent exposure and are not merely a result of slow metabolic elimination of the sigmaDDT pulse associated with dredging. Sediment sigmaDDT concentrations were low immediately after dredging, but within months, the canal bottom became covered with a veneer of fine sediment as contaminated as that that had been removed. The source of this material has not been conclusively established, but we suspect it came from slumping and erosion from the flanks of the canal beneath docks and around pilings where dredging was not done. In retrospect, either capping in place or more thorough dredging may have been more successful in reducing pesticide exposure of the biota, although there were difficulties associated with both alternatives.

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Research paper thumbnail of Comparing trophic position of freshwater fish calculated using stable nitrogen isotope ratios (δ<SUP>15</SUP>N) and literature dietary data

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 1997

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Research paper thumbnail of Pelagic Food Chain Structure in Ontario Lakes: A Determinant of Mercury Levels in Lake Trout ( Salvelinus namaycush )

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 1994

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Research paper thumbnail of Testing the influence of environmental heterogeneity on fish species richness in two biogeographic provinces

PeerJ, 2015

Environmental homogenization in coastal ecosystems impacted by human activities may be an importa... more Environmental homogenization in coastal ecosystems impacted by human activities may be an important factor explaining the observed decline in fish species richness. We used fish community data (>200 species) from extensive surveys conducted in two biogeographic provinces (extent >1,000 km) in North America to quantify the relationship between fish species richness and local (grain <10 km(2)) environmental heterogeneity. Our analyses are based on samples collected at nearly 800 stations over a period of five years. We demonstrate that fish species richness in coastal ecosystems is associated locally with the spatial heterogeneity of environmental variables but not with their magnitude. The observed effect of heterogeneity on species richness was substantially greater than that generated by simulations from a random placement model of community assembly, indicating that the observed relationship is unlikely to arise from veil or sampling effects. Our results suggest that rest...

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Research paper thumbnail of Random offspring Mortality and Variation in Parental Fitness

Evolution, 1991

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Research paper thumbnail of Interannual variability in stage-specific survival rates and the causes of recruitment variation

Early Life History and Recruitment in Fish Populations, 1997

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Research paper thumbnail of Group size variability in primates

Primates, 1990

The effects of mean troop size, diet, territoriality, and habitat upon temporal variability of gr... more The effects of mean troop size, diet, territoriality, and habitat upon temporal variability of group size in primates were investigated using variance functions relating mean group size and temporal variability. Two different types of variability were described: (1) within group variability where a single troop was followed over a given period of time; and (2) between group variability where the

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Research paper thumbnail of Does δ 15N in river food webs reflect the intensity and origin of N loads from the watershed?

Science of The Total Environment, 2006

Stable nitrogen isotope ratios (δ15N) were measured in invertebrates and fish collected from 82 r... more Stable nitrogen isotope ratios (δ15N) were measured in invertebrates and fish collected from 82 river sites located in the Saint-Lawrence Lowlands in Québec, Canada, to examine the relationship between aquatic biota δ15N and anthropogenic nitrogen (N) loads. Mean δ15N values of all three trophic levels examined (primary consumers, predatory invertebrates and invertebrate-feeding fish) were highly correlated with total anthropogenic N

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Research paper thumbnail of Estimating the trophic position of aquatic consumers in river food webs using stable nitrogen isotopes

Journal of The North American Benthological Society, 2007

Intraspecific and interspecific variation in the trophic position of various consumers is central... more Intraspecific and interspecific variation in the trophic position of various consumers is central to many theories of aquatic ecosystem functioning and dynamics. In recent years, such issues have been addressed using stable N isotopes (δ 15 N) to estimate trophic position of ...

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Research paper thumbnail of δ 15 N in riverine food webs: effects of N inputs from agricultural watersheds

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 2005

Abstract: We examined the use of the natural abundance of nitrogen stable isotopes (δ15N) as a tr... more Abstract: We examined the use of the natural abundance of nitrogen stable isotopes (δ15N) as a tracer of anthropo-genic perturbations of the nitrogen (N) cycle at the watershed scale in 82 river sites draining 13 watersheds in the St. Lawrence Lowlands in Quebec. Mean δ15N ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Effects of water velocity on algal carbon isotope ratios: Implications for river food web studies

Limnology and Oceanography, 1999

We used variation in algal d 13 C between river habitats to study the spatial scale of energy flo... more We used variation in algal d 13 C between river habitats to study the spatial scale of energy flow through river food webs. We found a strong negative relationship between herbivore d 13 C (which reflects algal d 13 C) and water velocity in three productive Northern California rivers but not in unproductive streams. The contrast among habitats suggests that

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of aquatic food chains using nitrogen isotopes

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 1996

Recent studies have shown the utility of delta(15)N to model trophic structure and contaminant bi... more Recent studies have shown the utility of delta(15)N to model trophic structure and contaminant bioaccumulation in aquatic food webs. However, cross-system comparisons in delta(15)N can be complicated by differences in delta(15)N at the base of the food chain. Such baseline variation in delta(15)N is difficult to resolve using plankton because of the large temporal variability in the delta(15)N of small organisms that have fast nitrogen turnover. Comparisons using large primary consumers, which have stable tissue isotopic signatures because of their slower nitrogen turnover, show that delta(15)N increases markedly with the human population density in the lake watershed. This shift in delta(15)N likely reflects the high delta(15)N of human sewage. Correcting for this baseline variation in delta(15)N, we report that, contrary to expectations based on previous food-web analysis, the food chains leading up to fish varied by about only one trophic level among the 40 lakes studied. Our results also suggest that the delta(15)N signatures of nitrogen at the base of the food chain will provide a useful tool in the assessment of anthropogenic nutrient inputs.

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Research paper thumbnail of Anthropogenic alterations of lotic food web structure: evidence from the use of nitrogen isotopes

Oikos, 2009

Understanding the processes that regulate food chain length in nature is a classic theme in ecolo... more Understanding the processes that regulate food chain length in nature is a classic theme in ecology. Two factors expected to explain variation in food chain length are resource availability (productivity) and environmental stress. We examined the impact of ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Modelling food chain structure and contaminant bioaccumulation using stable nitrogen isotopes

Nature, 1994

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Research paper thumbnail of Measuring life-history omnivory in the opossum shrimp, Mysis relicta, with stable nitrogen isotopes

Limnology and Oceanography, 2000

... Biology McGill University 1205 Docteur Penfield Montreal, Quebec H3A lB 1 Asit Mazumder Depar... more ... Biology McGill University 1205 Docteur Penfield Montreal, Quebec H3A lB 1 Asit Mazumder Departement de Sciences biologiques Universite de Montreal CP 6128, Succursale A Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7 Joseph B. Rasmussen ... EVANS, M. S., RW BATHELT, AND C. P. RICE. ...

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Research paper thumbnail of Feeding by black fly (Diptera:Simuliidae) larvae causes downstream losses in phytoplankton, but not bacteria

Journal of the North American Benthological Society, 2004

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Estimating the feeding range of a mobile consumer in a river-flood plain system using δ13C gradients and parasites

Journal of Animal Ecology, 2011

1. The feeding range of an individual is central to food web dynamics as it determines the spatia... more 1. The feeding range of an individual is central to food web dynamics as it determines the spatial scale of predator-prey interactions. However, despite recognition of its importance as a driving force in population dynamics, establishing feeding range is seldom done as detailed information on trophic interactions is difficult to obtain. 2. Biological markers are useful to answer this challenge as long as spatial heterogeneity in signal is present within the area investigated. A spatially complex ecosystem, Lake St. Pierre (LSP), a fluvial lake of the St Lawrence River (Québec, Canada), offered a unique opportunity to determine the feeding range of a secondary consumer, yellow perch (Perca flavescens) using isotopic ratios of carbon (δ(13)C). However, because food chains based on phytoplankton have generally more negative δ(13) C than those depending on periphyton, it was essential to determine the contribution of zooplankton in fish diet to correctly interpret spatial patterns of δ(13)C. We used parasites in perch to examine whether their δ(13)C was reflecting local δ(13)C baseline conditions rather than a feeding specialization on zooplankton. 3. δ(13)C of primary consumers was highly variable and exhibited a striking gradient along the shore-channel axis, suggesting that δ(13)C should reflect an individual consumer&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s spatial position in LSP. 4. This strong isotopic gradient allowed us to estimate the spatial scale of the resources used by individual perch following an approach presented by Rasmussen, Trudeau &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp; Morinville (Journal of Animal Ecology, 78, 2009, 674). By comparing the δ(13)C variability in perch to that of primary consumers, we estimated that the adults feeding range was around 2 km along the shore-channel axis. 5. The combined use of isotopic ratios and parasites allowed us to determine that the adult population uses a wide range of habitats between the flood plain and the main channel. However, individually, each perch depended on a limited foodshed.

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Research paper thumbnail of Sulphur stable isotopes can distinguish trophic dependence on sediments and plankton in boreal lakes

Freshwater Biology, 2009

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Research paper thumbnail of Are diatoms good integrators of temporal variability in stream water quality?

Freshwater Biology, 2008

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Ontogenetic Habitat Shifts of the Atlantic Tomcod (Microgadus tomcod) Across an Estuarine Transition Zone

Estuaries and Coasts, 2011

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of An evaluation of the success of dredging as remediation at a DDT-contaminated site in San Francisco Bay, California, USA

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2002

Lauritzen Canal, a portion of San Francisco Bay near Richmond, California, USA, was heavily conta... more Lauritzen Canal, a portion of San Francisco Bay near Richmond, California, USA, was heavily contaminated with dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and dieldrin as a result of releases from a pesticide-formulating firm. In 1996 and 1997, 82,000 m3 of contaminated sediment was removed from the canal by dredging. This study evaluated the success of the dredging based largely on body burdens of DDT and its metabolites (sigmaDDT) in resident biota, with some data on sediment- and water-contaminant levels and sediment toxicity testing. Sediment disturbance during dredging introduced a pulse of sigmaDDT into the Lauritzen Canal ecosystem, and body burdens of fish and invertebrates increased 2- to 76-fold, depending on the species. Approximately 1 1/2 years after remediation, 11 of 14 indicators showed contamination comparable with or worse than the contamination that existed prior to dredging. Monitoring of mussels up to four years postdredging suggests some modest improvement, although the sigmaDDT body burden of canal mussels remained far above the norm for San Francisco Bay. The elevated sigmaDDT body burdens in biota that persisted for years after remediation reflect recent exposure and are not merely a result of slow metabolic elimination of the sigmaDDT pulse associated with dredging. Sediment sigmaDDT concentrations were low immediately after dredging, but within months, the canal bottom became covered with a veneer of fine sediment as contaminated as that that had been removed. The source of this material has not been conclusively established, but we suspect it came from slumping and erosion from the flanks of the canal beneath docks and around pilings where dredging was not done. In retrospect, either capping in place or more thorough dredging may have been more successful in reducing pesticide exposure of the biota, although there were difficulties associated with both alternatives.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Comparing trophic position of freshwater fish calculated using stable nitrogen isotope ratios (δ<SUP>15</SUP>N) and literature dietary data

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 1997

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Pelagic Food Chain Structure in Ontario Lakes: A Determinant of Mercury Levels in Lake Trout ( Salvelinus namaycush )

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 1994

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Testing the influence of environmental heterogeneity on fish species richness in two biogeographic provinces

PeerJ, 2015

Environmental homogenization in coastal ecosystems impacted by human activities may be an importa... more Environmental homogenization in coastal ecosystems impacted by human activities may be an important factor explaining the observed decline in fish species richness. We used fish community data (>200 species) from extensive surveys conducted in two biogeographic provinces (extent >1,000 km) in North America to quantify the relationship between fish species richness and local (grain <10 km(2)) environmental heterogeneity. Our analyses are based on samples collected at nearly 800 stations over a period of five years. We demonstrate that fish species richness in coastal ecosystems is associated locally with the spatial heterogeneity of environmental variables but not with their magnitude. The observed effect of heterogeneity on species richness was substantially greater than that generated by simulations from a random placement model of community assembly, indicating that the observed relationship is unlikely to arise from veil or sampling effects. Our results suggest that rest...

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