Jarosław Frączek | University of Agriculture in Krakow (original) (raw)

Papers by Jarosław Frączek

Praca finansowana z dotacji celowej na badania naukowe lub prace rozwojowe służące rozwojowi młod... more Praca finansowana z dotacji celowej na badania naukowe lub prace rozwojowe służące rozwojowi młodych naukowców oraz uczestników studiów doktoranckich nr rej. 4610.

Energies, 2020

In Poland the use of solid biomass obtained from intentional plantations of energy plants is incr... more In Poland the use of solid biomass obtained from intentional plantations of energy plants is increasing. This biomass is most often processed into solid fuels. There are growing indications that renewable energy sources, in particular biomass production, will continue to develop, so the better we know the raw material, the more effectively we will be able to use it. The results of tests that determine the impact of compaction pressure on selected quality parameters of pellets made from selected biomass types are presented. Material from plants such as Giant miscanthus (Miscanthus × giganteus Greef et Deu), Cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.), Virginia mallow (Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby) was studied. The compaction process was carried out using the SIRIO P400 hydraulic press with a closed chamber with a diameter of 12 mm. Samples were made in four pressures: 131; 196; 262; 327 MPa and three moisture levels: 8%, 11%, 14%. It was found that with increasing compaction pressure and mo...

Energies, 2020

Increasing production of waste has compelled the development of modern technologies for waste man... more Increasing production of waste has compelled the development of modern technologies for waste management. Certain fractions of municipal solid wastes are not suitable for recycling and must be utilised in other ways. Materials such as refuse-derived fuel (RDF) fractions are used as fuel in cement or CHP (combined heat and power) plants. The low bulk density leads to many problems pertaining to transportation and storage. In the case of biomass, these problems cause reduction in pelletisation. This paper therefore presents a comprehensive study on RDF pellet production, which is divided into three major areas. The first describes laboratory-scale tests and provides information on key factors that affect pellet quality (e.g., density and durability). Based on this, the second part presents a design of modified RDF dies to form RDF pellets, which are then tested via a semi-professional line test. The results show that RDF fraction can be compacted to form pellets using conventional dev...

Tribologia, 2016

The results of studies on external friction concerning granular plant materials that include, amo... more The results of studies on external friction concerning granular plant materials that include, among others, grains, seeds of various plants, and powdered plant material, have been applied to the design of machines and devices for transport, sorting, cleaning, and blending. A separate and equally important matter is the storage of these materials in silos. The article presents the influence the surface topography of selected granular materials has upon the force of external friction. The research was performed with a specially designed adapter attached to the testing machine MTS, which is used to determine the external friction force of granular materials rubbing against various surfaces in a function of displacement. To define the topography of the external surface, a 3D scanner and specialized software were used. The authors have attempted to develop a model of friction taking into account the topography of the surface.

BIO Web of Conferences, 2018

The paper presents the results of research aimed at determining the influence of the composition ... more The paper presents the results of research aimed at determining the influence of the composition of the fertilizer mixtures and the compaction pressure on the specific density and density index of fertilizer granules. Investigated mixtures were prepared from fly ash from power plant fuelled by biomass and digestate from biogas plant. The urea, sulfur and phosphorite were also added as enhancing additives. For granule samples made on a strength machine, their specific density was determined on a quasifluid-pycnometer. To determine the effect of agglomerate pressure on the compaction process, the absolute density of the materials was omitted. In such case it was needed to introduce a density index AI. Such a presentation of the results obtained has made it possible to clearly determine how the density of the test mixture results in the applied agglomeration pressure. The specific density of the resulting granules was in the range of 0.85-1.27 g/cm3. The determined density index for th...

Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi, 2017

The comprehensive use of available domestic energy resources, mainly coal and lignite, is the bas... more The comprehensive use of available domestic energy resources, mainly coal and lignite, is the basis for the development of Poland’s economy and energy security due to the country’s large resource base. The implementation of clean coal technologies (CCT) is a necessary condition for maintaining coal’s leading position in Poland. Coal gasification technologies are seen as potentially attractive for the Polish economy, both for the chemical sector as well as for the mining sector. Working on the commercial implementation of coal gasification technologies, which ensures the effective substitution of scarce hydrocarbon fuels, will be a challenge to Polish industrial policy and support for CCT. This paper presents an analysis of coal gasification technologies using the decision support procedures, BOCR and SWOT analyses. These procedures helped determine the ranking of technologies and the types of development strategies plausible for the analysed technological variants. Taking into consi...

MATEC Web of Conferences, 2018

Paper presents design process of the prototype line, dedicated for production of fertilizer pelle... more Paper presents design process of the prototype line, dedicated for production of fertilizer pellets from digestate-ash mixture. For enrichment of the nutritional characteristics of the final product additives were also used, like urea, elemental sulphur or phosphorite, and special fungal strains from Trichoderma spieces. During this process raw material will be dried (raw digestated), mixed, granulated and packed in one technological line. Presented concept, shows that there is possible to produce high quality fertilizer, from waste materials derrived form Green energy production, what should be one of very interesting ways to develop digestate and ash from biomass combustion.

MATEC Web of Conferences, 2018

Paper presents a concept of the mobile line for the production of granulated fertilizer from dige... more Paper presents a concept of the mobile line for the production of granulated fertilizer from digestates and ash mixtures. The main assumption of the designed line is its mobility which allows line work in the place of production of digestate. The premise for developing such model of line was the fact that the transport of highly hydrated digestate, as well as its dried form, is not advisable for economic reasons. More advantageous solution is to collect the digestate at the place of its production and it is processed into a fertilizer. Loose components, characterized by high bulk density, can be delivered to the place of production and the same means of transport can be used to transport the produced fertilizer to warehouse. This production model allows to process the digestate produced in several biogas plants, using one production line and reducing the cost of production. of fertilizer granules and the mobile line is transported to the next post-fermentation production point. Base...

BIO Web of Conferences, 2018

An experimental study was performed to determine the drying characteristics of an oversized fract... more An experimental study was performed to determine the drying characteristics of an oversized fraction of RDF alternative fuel using a laboratory scale hot air dryer at a variety air temperatures and a constant air velocity. For this research the industrial RDF was derived from a Regional Municipal Waste Treatment Facility near the city of Kraków, Poland. The samples of RDF were prepared in two forms: ovesized (unmodified condition) and shreded in a two-drum crusher. In addition, the RDF was sorted into three groups of samples: paper, plastic, textiles. Each form of RDF and each group of samples were dried in hot air dryer at temperatures of 50, 70 i 90 °C and a constant air velocity of 1,5 [m·s-1]. The loss of the the samples mass were measured in a continues manner until the equilibrum moisture content was reached. The effective moisture diffusivity [m2·s-1] and activation energies [kJ·mol-1] was amounted. The analysis of the course of moisture content change concludes that that the...

Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference, 2019

Nowadays it is necessary to define actual global research trends in disciplines in order to deter... more Nowadays it is necessary to define actual global research trends in disciplines in order to determine the major research topics, discoveries and global scientific networks. The goal of the work was to determine the main topics and research trends in agricultural engineering. For this caser he method of modified bibliometric analysis was applied. Such analysis of the keywords frequency occurrence and the links between the keywords in Biosystems Engineering Journal shows that in the three analysed periods, certain keywords invariably remain dominant. These are “model”, “system” or “systems”, “temperature” and “water”. The highest number of publications was qualified for the CIGR section: Information Technology. It can be, therefore, stated that in the recent period the most intensively developing researches were dedicated to the application of IT tools in creation various types of models, allowing to simulate and optimize agricultural processes. A majority of publications covered deci...

Agricultural Engineering, 2016

The impact of biomass addition to the RDF oversize fraction on quality parameters obtained from t... more The impact of biomass addition to the RDF oversize fraction on quality parameters obtained from this blend of briquettes produced under semi-industrial conditions was analysed. For the purposes related to the experiment four RDF mixtures with fragmented biomass of common willow Salix viminalis L., differing only with percentage participation of base elements, were prepared. The briquetting process was performed with the use of a semi-industrial briquetting machine at the determined compaction pressure of 47 MPa and a diameter of a sleeve (and a briquette at the same time) of 50 mm. Selected quality parameters of produced briquettes were determined, i.e. density, mechanical strength DU and compression strength. The best parameters were obtained for briquettes produced from the blend with a 50% share of willow (ρ=843.9 kg · m

Agricultural Engineering, 2016

The paper presents the results of research, the objective of which was to determine the impact of... more The paper presents the results of research, the objective of which was to determine the impact of particle size distribution and density of digestates and ash on density and tensile strength of granular fertilizer obtained from mixtures of these substrates. Particle size distribution, absolute density, envelope density and porosity of substrates were determined. Granular fertilizers were made of clean substrates and their mixtures. Envelope density of the obtained granulates was within 0.81 - 1.88 g⋅cm

Agricultural Engineering, 2016

Technology of processing of agricultural raw material and production residues from agri-food indu... more Technology of processing of agricultural raw material and production residues from agri-food industry often requires their dewatering. Digestate is one of such materials i.e. the mass remaining after the bio-gasification process, which has great hydration (above 85%). The objective of the research was to know the impact of dewatering on the change of water content in digestate from biogas in Piekoszów. A mechanical dewatering process was carried out and reflected the conditions of operation of screw presses for dewatering of plant raw materials, whose screen internal diameter is 160 mm. Knowing the impact of pressure on the dynamics of raw material moisture decrease will allow modelling of the operation of industrial devices with similar operation parameters. Thus, a research on the dewatering process with the use of pressure within 0.58-2.91 MPa and slotted screens with meshes size of 0.1; 0.2 and 0.3 mm were carried out. The analysis of the obtained results indicates that an effec...

Agricultural Engineering, 2016

The article presents the procedure of determination of a structural form of an agricultural machi... more The article presents the procedure of determination of a structural form of an agricultural machine which encompasses methodological aspects of design related to the division of the basic objective function into member functions, multi-variant solutions and synthesis of astructural form (a virtual prototype of an agricultural machine). The suggested course of proceeding was presented by the case of a design of a tunnel spraying machine. This example reflects well and includes the specificity of the design object in the form of an agricultural machine with specific technical and agro-technical requirements. Attention was paid to the aspects related to methodology of selection of fractional solutions based on previously defined criteria.

Agricultural Engineering, 2016

The objective of the paper was to carry out a bibliometric quantitative analysis of publications ... more The objective of the paper was to carry out a bibliometric quantitative analysis of publications concerning the application of artificial neural networks in the research area - agriculture and a bibliometric quantitative analysis and subject analysis with regard to agricultural engineering. A number of scientific publications devoted to the ANN found in the data base of the Web of Science - in documents published to 2015 was a basis for the quantitative analysis. Research on the use of artificial neural networks in the research area - agriculture is extending systematically. Moreover, a rapidly growing number of citations prove a continuous increase in the scientists’ interest in possibilities of the ANN applications. The quantitative analysis of scientific publications in 5 selected scientific journals and thematically related to agricultural engineering (indexed in the Web of Science) allowed a statement that 236 scientific articles from 1996- 2015 were related to the ANN applicat...

The objective of the research presented was to create a mode determining the relationship between... more The objective of the research presented was to create a mode determining the relationship between the actual contact area of cereal grains, pressure force and humidity, with the application of artificial neural networks (ANN). As an additional factor describing the grain material, the unit contact area of grain with a flat surface, for a specified pressure force and humidity, was considered. The analysis results proved that the unit contact area determined for the pressure force N j = 100 N and water content W = 15 kg·kg -1 dry mass should be assumed as a variable characterising the grain material. It was found that the phenomenon studied is best modelled by the three-layer ANN with: three neurons in the first hidden layer, eight neurons in the second hidden layer and one neuron in the output layer. Introduction In many cases, it is necessary to determine the contact area. This can be the case of correct estimation of contact stresses during grain compression tests and the internal ...

The paper proposes a model utilising the Artificial Neural Networks to describe the relationships... more The paper proposes a model utilising the Artificial Neural Networks to describe the relationships of the unit contact surface of bean seeds as a function of their geometrical dimensions, load and water content. It has been proven that all factors assumed affect the output variable which is the unit contact surface of the seeds and flat surface. The experiments were performed on beans (Jubilatka specie) for six different water content levels in the seeds. The bean seeds were loaded with eight values of compression force (from 41 to 230 N). Five analyses were performed in parallel for each experimental combination. The neural model developed is a typical unidirectional network – four-layer perceptron with a large number of neurons in the hidden layers. ANN has preserved its generalisation ability – the average relative error 4.7 % for the testing data (not used in the teaching process). Introduction The plant grain material is beds of seeds of crops, constituting a separate group belo...

Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 2011

Inżynieria Rolnicza Selected full texts, 2010

Streszczenie. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań energochłonności procesu mielenia zrębków wierzb... more Streszczenie. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań energochłonności procesu mielenia zrębków wierzby na młynie bijakowym firmy POR ECOMEC model C120. Określono nakłady ponoszone na mielenie w zależności wielkości mielonych zrębków oraz od wielkości ...

… Rolnicza Selected full texts

... 137 Jarosław Frączek*, Tadeusz Juliszewski**, Krzysztof Mudryk* *Katedra InŜynierii Mechanicz... more ... 137 Jarosław Frączek*, Tadeusz Juliszewski**, Krzysztof Mudryk* *Katedra InŜynierii Mechanicznej i Agrofizyki **Katedra Eksploatacji Maszyn, Ergonomii i Podstaw Rolnictwa Akademia Rolnicza w Krakowie ... 144 Szczukowski S., Tworkowski J., Stolarski M., Sobotka W. ...

Praca finansowana z dotacji celowej na badania naukowe lub prace rozwojowe służące rozwojowi młod... more Praca finansowana z dotacji celowej na badania naukowe lub prace rozwojowe służące rozwojowi młodych naukowców oraz uczestników studiów doktoranckich nr rej. 4610.

Energies, 2020

In Poland the use of solid biomass obtained from intentional plantations of energy plants is incr... more In Poland the use of solid biomass obtained from intentional plantations of energy plants is increasing. This biomass is most often processed into solid fuels. There are growing indications that renewable energy sources, in particular biomass production, will continue to develop, so the better we know the raw material, the more effectively we will be able to use it. The results of tests that determine the impact of compaction pressure on selected quality parameters of pellets made from selected biomass types are presented. Material from plants such as Giant miscanthus (Miscanthus × giganteus Greef et Deu), Cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.), Virginia mallow (Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby) was studied. The compaction process was carried out using the SIRIO P400 hydraulic press with a closed chamber with a diameter of 12 mm. Samples were made in four pressures: 131; 196; 262; 327 MPa and three moisture levels: 8%, 11%, 14%. It was found that with increasing compaction pressure and mo...

Energies, 2020

Increasing production of waste has compelled the development of modern technologies for waste man... more Increasing production of waste has compelled the development of modern technologies for waste management. Certain fractions of municipal solid wastes are not suitable for recycling and must be utilised in other ways. Materials such as refuse-derived fuel (RDF) fractions are used as fuel in cement or CHP (combined heat and power) plants. The low bulk density leads to many problems pertaining to transportation and storage. In the case of biomass, these problems cause reduction in pelletisation. This paper therefore presents a comprehensive study on RDF pellet production, which is divided into three major areas. The first describes laboratory-scale tests and provides information on key factors that affect pellet quality (e.g., density and durability). Based on this, the second part presents a design of modified RDF dies to form RDF pellets, which are then tested via a semi-professional line test. The results show that RDF fraction can be compacted to form pellets using conventional dev...

Tribologia, 2016

The results of studies on external friction concerning granular plant materials that include, amo... more The results of studies on external friction concerning granular plant materials that include, among others, grains, seeds of various plants, and powdered plant material, have been applied to the design of machines and devices for transport, sorting, cleaning, and blending. A separate and equally important matter is the storage of these materials in silos. The article presents the influence the surface topography of selected granular materials has upon the force of external friction. The research was performed with a specially designed adapter attached to the testing machine MTS, which is used to determine the external friction force of granular materials rubbing against various surfaces in a function of displacement. To define the topography of the external surface, a 3D scanner and specialized software were used. The authors have attempted to develop a model of friction taking into account the topography of the surface.

BIO Web of Conferences, 2018

The paper presents the results of research aimed at determining the influence of the composition ... more The paper presents the results of research aimed at determining the influence of the composition of the fertilizer mixtures and the compaction pressure on the specific density and density index of fertilizer granules. Investigated mixtures were prepared from fly ash from power plant fuelled by biomass and digestate from biogas plant. The urea, sulfur and phosphorite were also added as enhancing additives. For granule samples made on a strength machine, their specific density was determined on a quasifluid-pycnometer. To determine the effect of agglomerate pressure on the compaction process, the absolute density of the materials was omitted. In such case it was needed to introduce a density index AI. Such a presentation of the results obtained has made it possible to clearly determine how the density of the test mixture results in the applied agglomeration pressure. The specific density of the resulting granules was in the range of 0.85-1.27 g/cm3. The determined density index for th...

Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi, 2017

The comprehensive use of available domestic energy resources, mainly coal and lignite, is the bas... more The comprehensive use of available domestic energy resources, mainly coal and lignite, is the basis for the development of Poland’s economy and energy security due to the country’s large resource base. The implementation of clean coal technologies (CCT) is a necessary condition for maintaining coal’s leading position in Poland. Coal gasification technologies are seen as potentially attractive for the Polish economy, both for the chemical sector as well as for the mining sector. Working on the commercial implementation of coal gasification technologies, which ensures the effective substitution of scarce hydrocarbon fuels, will be a challenge to Polish industrial policy and support for CCT. This paper presents an analysis of coal gasification technologies using the decision support procedures, BOCR and SWOT analyses. These procedures helped determine the ranking of technologies and the types of development strategies plausible for the analysed technological variants. Taking into consi...

MATEC Web of Conferences, 2018

Paper presents design process of the prototype line, dedicated for production of fertilizer pelle... more Paper presents design process of the prototype line, dedicated for production of fertilizer pellets from digestate-ash mixture. For enrichment of the nutritional characteristics of the final product additives were also used, like urea, elemental sulphur or phosphorite, and special fungal strains from Trichoderma spieces. During this process raw material will be dried (raw digestated), mixed, granulated and packed in one technological line. Presented concept, shows that there is possible to produce high quality fertilizer, from waste materials derrived form Green energy production, what should be one of very interesting ways to develop digestate and ash from biomass combustion.

MATEC Web of Conferences, 2018

Paper presents a concept of the mobile line for the production of granulated fertilizer from dige... more Paper presents a concept of the mobile line for the production of granulated fertilizer from digestates and ash mixtures. The main assumption of the designed line is its mobility which allows line work in the place of production of digestate. The premise for developing such model of line was the fact that the transport of highly hydrated digestate, as well as its dried form, is not advisable for economic reasons. More advantageous solution is to collect the digestate at the place of its production and it is processed into a fertilizer. Loose components, characterized by high bulk density, can be delivered to the place of production and the same means of transport can be used to transport the produced fertilizer to warehouse. This production model allows to process the digestate produced in several biogas plants, using one production line and reducing the cost of production. of fertilizer granules and the mobile line is transported to the next post-fermentation production point. Base...

BIO Web of Conferences, 2018

An experimental study was performed to determine the drying characteristics of an oversized fract... more An experimental study was performed to determine the drying characteristics of an oversized fraction of RDF alternative fuel using a laboratory scale hot air dryer at a variety air temperatures and a constant air velocity. For this research the industrial RDF was derived from a Regional Municipal Waste Treatment Facility near the city of Kraków, Poland. The samples of RDF were prepared in two forms: ovesized (unmodified condition) and shreded in a two-drum crusher. In addition, the RDF was sorted into three groups of samples: paper, plastic, textiles. Each form of RDF and each group of samples were dried in hot air dryer at temperatures of 50, 70 i 90 °C and a constant air velocity of 1,5 [m·s-1]. The loss of the the samples mass were measured in a continues manner until the equilibrum moisture content was reached. The effective moisture diffusivity [m2·s-1] and activation energies [kJ·mol-1] was amounted. The analysis of the course of moisture content change concludes that that the...

Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference, 2019

Nowadays it is necessary to define actual global research trends in disciplines in order to deter... more Nowadays it is necessary to define actual global research trends in disciplines in order to determine the major research topics, discoveries and global scientific networks. The goal of the work was to determine the main topics and research trends in agricultural engineering. For this caser he method of modified bibliometric analysis was applied. Such analysis of the keywords frequency occurrence and the links between the keywords in Biosystems Engineering Journal shows that in the three analysed periods, certain keywords invariably remain dominant. These are “model”, “system” or “systems”, “temperature” and “water”. The highest number of publications was qualified for the CIGR section: Information Technology. It can be, therefore, stated that in the recent period the most intensively developing researches were dedicated to the application of IT tools in creation various types of models, allowing to simulate and optimize agricultural processes. A majority of publications covered deci...

Agricultural Engineering, 2016

The impact of biomass addition to the RDF oversize fraction on quality parameters obtained from t... more The impact of biomass addition to the RDF oversize fraction on quality parameters obtained from this blend of briquettes produced under semi-industrial conditions was analysed. For the purposes related to the experiment four RDF mixtures with fragmented biomass of common willow Salix viminalis L., differing only with percentage participation of base elements, were prepared. The briquetting process was performed with the use of a semi-industrial briquetting machine at the determined compaction pressure of 47 MPa and a diameter of a sleeve (and a briquette at the same time) of 50 mm. Selected quality parameters of produced briquettes were determined, i.e. density, mechanical strength DU and compression strength. The best parameters were obtained for briquettes produced from the blend with a 50% share of willow (ρ=843.9 kg · m

Agricultural Engineering, 2016

The paper presents the results of research, the objective of which was to determine the impact of... more The paper presents the results of research, the objective of which was to determine the impact of particle size distribution and density of digestates and ash on density and tensile strength of granular fertilizer obtained from mixtures of these substrates. Particle size distribution, absolute density, envelope density and porosity of substrates were determined. Granular fertilizers were made of clean substrates and their mixtures. Envelope density of the obtained granulates was within 0.81 - 1.88 g⋅cm

Agricultural Engineering, 2016

Technology of processing of agricultural raw material and production residues from agri-food indu... more Technology of processing of agricultural raw material and production residues from agri-food industry often requires their dewatering. Digestate is one of such materials i.e. the mass remaining after the bio-gasification process, which has great hydration (above 85%). The objective of the research was to know the impact of dewatering on the change of water content in digestate from biogas in Piekoszów. A mechanical dewatering process was carried out and reflected the conditions of operation of screw presses for dewatering of plant raw materials, whose screen internal diameter is 160 mm. Knowing the impact of pressure on the dynamics of raw material moisture decrease will allow modelling of the operation of industrial devices with similar operation parameters. Thus, a research on the dewatering process with the use of pressure within 0.58-2.91 MPa and slotted screens with meshes size of 0.1; 0.2 and 0.3 mm were carried out. The analysis of the obtained results indicates that an effec...

Agricultural Engineering, 2016

The article presents the procedure of determination of a structural form of an agricultural machi... more The article presents the procedure of determination of a structural form of an agricultural machine which encompasses methodological aspects of design related to the division of the basic objective function into member functions, multi-variant solutions and synthesis of astructural form (a virtual prototype of an agricultural machine). The suggested course of proceeding was presented by the case of a design of a tunnel spraying machine. This example reflects well and includes the specificity of the design object in the form of an agricultural machine with specific technical and agro-technical requirements. Attention was paid to the aspects related to methodology of selection of fractional solutions based on previously defined criteria.

Agricultural Engineering, 2016

The objective of the paper was to carry out a bibliometric quantitative analysis of publications ... more The objective of the paper was to carry out a bibliometric quantitative analysis of publications concerning the application of artificial neural networks in the research area - agriculture and a bibliometric quantitative analysis and subject analysis with regard to agricultural engineering. A number of scientific publications devoted to the ANN found in the data base of the Web of Science - in documents published to 2015 was a basis for the quantitative analysis. Research on the use of artificial neural networks in the research area - agriculture is extending systematically. Moreover, a rapidly growing number of citations prove a continuous increase in the scientists’ interest in possibilities of the ANN applications. The quantitative analysis of scientific publications in 5 selected scientific journals and thematically related to agricultural engineering (indexed in the Web of Science) allowed a statement that 236 scientific articles from 1996- 2015 were related to the ANN applicat...

The objective of the research presented was to create a mode determining the relationship between... more The objective of the research presented was to create a mode determining the relationship between the actual contact area of cereal grains, pressure force and humidity, with the application of artificial neural networks (ANN). As an additional factor describing the grain material, the unit contact area of grain with a flat surface, for a specified pressure force and humidity, was considered. The analysis results proved that the unit contact area determined for the pressure force N j = 100 N and water content W = 15 kg·kg -1 dry mass should be assumed as a variable characterising the grain material. It was found that the phenomenon studied is best modelled by the three-layer ANN with: three neurons in the first hidden layer, eight neurons in the second hidden layer and one neuron in the output layer. Introduction In many cases, it is necessary to determine the contact area. This can be the case of correct estimation of contact stresses during grain compression tests and the internal ...

The paper proposes a model utilising the Artificial Neural Networks to describe the relationships... more The paper proposes a model utilising the Artificial Neural Networks to describe the relationships of the unit contact surface of bean seeds as a function of their geometrical dimensions, load and water content. It has been proven that all factors assumed affect the output variable which is the unit contact surface of the seeds and flat surface. The experiments were performed on beans (Jubilatka specie) for six different water content levels in the seeds. The bean seeds were loaded with eight values of compression force (from 41 to 230 N). Five analyses were performed in parallel for each experimental combination. The neural model developed is a typical unidirectional network – four-layer perceptron with a large number of neurons in the hidden layers. ANN has preserved its generalisation ability – the average relative error 4.7 % for the testing data (not used in the teaching process). Introduction The plant grain material is beds of seeds of crops, constituting a separate group belo...

Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 2011

Inżynieria Rolnicza Selected full texts, 2010

Streszczenie. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań energochłonności procesu mielenia zrębków wierzb... more Streszczenie. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań energochłonności procesu mielenia zrębków wierzby na młynie bijakowym firmy POR ECOMEC model C120. Określono nakłady ponoszone na mielenie w zależności wielkości mielonych zrębków oraz od wielkości ...

… Rolnicza Selected full texts

... 137 Jarosław Frączek*, Tadeusz Juliszewski**, Krzysztof Mudryk* *Katedra InŜynierii Mechanicz... more ... 137 Jarosław Frączek*, Tadeusz Juliszewski**, Krzysztof Mudryk* *Katedra InŜynierii Mechanicznej i Agrofizyki **Katedra Eksploatacji Maszyn, Ergonomii i Podstaw Rolnictwa Akademia Rolnicza w Krakowie ... 144 Szczukowski S., Tworkowski J., Stolarski M., Sobotka W. ...