Giselle Pianowski | Universidade São Francisco (original) (raw)

Papers by Giselle Pianowski

Research paper thumbnail of Development and Diagnostic Accuracy of the Screening of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory

Psicologia: Ciência e Profissão

The assessment of personality disorders assumes unquestioned clinical relevance when considering ... more The assessment of personality disorders assumes unquestioned clinical relevance when considering the prevalence rates in the general population. Tests assessing the typical pathological traits of these disorders has been adapted to and developed in Brazil. However, there is a gap in the country of screening tools for personality disorders. Screening tools are designed to allow a fast and informative application on the likelihood of a positive diagnosis, where the consequence should be conveyed to a diagnostic assessment. Using as a base the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory (IDCP), developed at the national level, the objective of this research was to develop a screening tool for personality disorders, as well as investigate its diagnostic accuracy. The study included 1,196 people, aging between 18 and 73 years (M = 26.32, SD = 8.69), and 64.1% female. The sample was divided into clinical and non-clinical group. We used an empirical approach based on criteria for selection of items similar to those adopted in the development of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory was used (MMPI). The logistic regression analysis and also the calculation of Cohen´s d indicated the items that best discriminate against people with personality disorders and those without this diagnosis. We achieved a final set of 15 items with satisfactory sensitivity and specificity for screening test. We discusses the strengths and limitations of screening version of the IDCP and guidelines for further study.

Research paper thumbnail of Estudo Normativo Com O Pfister: Uma Amostra Da Região Nordeste Brasileira

Avaliaçao Psicologica: Interamerican Journal of Psychological Assessment, 2008

Resumen pt: O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar a ocorrencia de diferencas significativas entre... more Resumen pt: O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar a ocorrencia de diferencas significativas entre o desempenho de uma amostra normativa do sudeste e de uma amostra d...

Research paper thumbnail of Relationship between religiosity domains and traits from borderline and schizotypal personality disorders in a Brazilian community sample

Introduction Research suggests that religiosity domains are associated with mental health constru... more Introduction Research suggests that religiosity domains are associated with mental health constructs. Some studies have focused on the relationship between religiosity and personality disorders. Objective To investigate the relationship between religiosity domains and pathological traits of the borderline (BPD) and schizotypal (SZPD) personality disorders. Methods Participants were 751 adults from the general population who answered the Multidimensional Inventory for Religious/Spiritual Well-Being (MI-RSWB-E), the Attachment to God Inventory (AGI), and factors of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2). Pearson’s correlation and regression analysis were conducted with pathological traits as independent variables and religiosity domains as dependent variables. Results Correlation and regression analyses indicated slightly higher associations between religiosity domain and BPD traits in comparison to SZPD traits. BPD traits showed higher associations with the hope im...

Research paper thumbnail of Normative studies about the color pyramid test in a brazilian north-eastern sample

Research paper thumbnail of Revisão da dimensão Agressividade do inventário Dimensional Clínico da Personalidade

The present study aimed to review the Aggressiveness dimension of the Dimensional Clinical Person... more The present study aimed to review the Aggressiveness dimension of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory (IDCP) in two steps: the first focused on developing new and the second for testing the psychometric properties in a sample of 230 subjects, 176 women, aged between 18 and 63 years, with minimum education of undergraduate (52.6%). The subjects answered the IDCP, the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5). The first step resulted in 47 items, of which 20 were new. The second step resulted in a composite of 16 items, in two interpretable structure components, antagonism and violence, with internal consistency coefficients of .89 for total, and .82 for each component. The analysis of the scale with NEO-PI-R and PID-5 revealed consistent and expected correlations. The data reveal the adequacy of the new Aggressiveness dimension of IDCP. Keywords: psychological assessment; personality traits; psychometrics; personality diso...

Research paper thumbnail of Measuring pathological traits of the schizotypal personality disorder through the HiTOP model

Scandinavian Journal of Psychology

Schizotypal personality disorder (STPD) is characterized by difficulties in intimate relationship... more Schizotypal personality disorder (STPD) is characterized by difficulties in intimate relationships, social and interpersonal deficits, and perceptual distortions. Encompassing this personality disorder and other mental conditions, the Hierarchical taxonomy of psychopathology (HiTOP) is an evidence-based, dimensional model covering pathological traits in its lower range. This study aimed to develop a self-report scale for screening pathological traits of STPD from the perspective of the HiTOP. The sample consisted of 474 Brazilian adults aged 18-70 years who answered the developed scale, the IDCP-STPD, facets of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5), and factors of the Computerized Adaptive Assessment of Personality Disorder Static Form (CAT-PD-SF). The scale was composed of 73 items distributed in two factors. Internal structure reliability was higher than 0.80 for all scores of the scale. The factors showed associations with the expected external measures, and the groups based on the STPD external measures (healthy and pathological) showed big to huge differences. Although initial, our findings suggested the IDCP-STPD as a helpful measure to the clinical context to screen the STPD pathological traits. Moreover, the structure observed for the IDCP-STPD confirms the spectrum level of the HiTOP.

Research paper thumbnail of Clinical functioning and cutoff of eccentricity dimension with psychiatric patients and non-patients

European Review of Applied Psychology

Research paper thumbnail of Compliance with containment measures to the COVID-19 pandemic over time: Do antisocial traits matter?

Personality and Individual Differences

Abstract This study investigated the relationships between antisocial traits and compliance with ... more Abstract This study investigated the relationships between antisocial traits and compliance with COVID-19 containment measures. The sample consisted of 1578 Brazilian adults aged 18–73 years who answered facets from the PID-5, the Affective resonance factor of the ACME, and a questionnaire about compliance with containment measures. Latent profile analyses indicated a 2-profile solution: the antisocial pattern profile which presented higher scores in Callousness, Deceitfulness, Hostility, Impulsivity, Irresponsibility, Manipulativeness, and Risk-taking, as well as lower scores in Affective resonance; and the empathy pattern profile which presented higher scores in Affective resonance and lower scores in ASPD typical traits. The latent profile groups showed significant differences between them and interaction with the containment measures and weeks. The antisocial and empathy groups showed significant differences. These differences were sustained in the interaction with the containment measures and weeks separately, but not when all were interacting together. Our findings indicated that antisocial traits, especially lower levels of empathy and higher levels of Callousness, Deceitfulness, and Risk-taking, are directly associated with lower compliance with containment measures. These traits explain, at least partially, the reason why people continue not adhering to the containment measures even with increasing numbers of cases and deaths.

Research paper thumbnail of Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2--Borderline Personality Disorder Scale

Research paper thumbnail of Personality differences and COVID-19: are extroversion and conscientiousness personality traits associated with engagement with containment measures?

Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy

Introduction: In December 2019, an outbreak of the novel coronavirus, the coronavirus disease 201... more Introduction: In December 2019, an outbreak of the novel coronavirus, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) probably occurred in Wuhan, China. By March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) had declared a pandemic. Containment measures such as social distancing and hand hygiene were recommended. In this study, we start from the hypothesis that engaging with containment measures in a pandemic situation should be more comfortable for some people than for other people. Thus, individual differences should be associated with engagement with containment measures. Objective: To investigate to what extent two personality traits, extroversion and conscientiousness, are associated with engagement with two containment measures (social distancing and handwashing). Methods: The sample consisted of 715 Brazilian adults aged 18-78 years, who answered the Big Five Inventory 2 Short (BFI-2-S) and factors from the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2). Results: Higher scores for extroversion were associated with lower means for social distancing (p < 0.001) and higher scores for conscientiousness were associated with higher means for social distancing and handwashing (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The findings indicate the importance of acknowledging extroversion and conscientiousness traits as relevant to people's engagement with the measures recommended for COVID-19 containment.

Research paper thumbnail of Personality differences and COVID-19: are extroversion and conscientiousness personality traits associated with engagement with containment measures?

Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Apr 9, 2020

Introduction: In December 2019, an outbreak of the novel coronavirus, the coronavirus disease 201... more Introduction: In December 2019, an outbreak of the novel coronavirus, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) probably occurred in Wuhan, China. By March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) had declared a pandemic. Containment measures such as social distancing and hand hygiene were recommended. In this study, we start from the hypothesis that engaging with containment measures in a pandemic situation should be more comfortable for some people than for other people. Thus, individual differences should be associated with engagement with containment measures. Objective: To investigate to what extent two personality traits, extroversion and conscientiousness, are associated with engagement with two containment measures (social distancing and handwashing). Methods: The sample consisted of 715 Brazilian adults aged 18-78 years, who answered the Big Five Inventory 2 Short (BFI-2-S) and factors from the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2). Results: Higher scores for extroversion were associated with lower means for social distancing (p < 0.001) and higher scores for conscientiousness were associated with higher means for social distancing and handwashing (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The findings indicate the importance of acknowledging extroversion and conscientiousness traits as relevant to people's engagement with the measures recommended for COVID-19 containment.

Research paper thumbnail of Preliminary findings on the associations between mental health indicators and social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic

Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy

Aim: Our study investigates associations between social isolation and indicators of general menta... more Aim: Our study investigates associations between social isolation and indicators of general mental health, wellbeing, depression, anxiety, loneliness, and stress in Brazilian adults. Variables to measure aspects to ease the isolation impact (ease-isolating variables) were also included. Method: 539 Brazilian adults were recruited by convenience from March 25 to April 07, 2020. We administered a questionnaire on isolation behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic, the WHO-5, the GHQ-12, the CLA, the GAD-7, the PSS-10, and the CES-D. To analyze data, we relied upon the network analysis approach. Results: COVID-19 isolation variables showed positive relationships with mental health indicators, and easeisolating variables presented mixed associations with mental health indicators. For instance, satisfaction with the quality of social interactions connected strongly and positively with the well-being variable, while negatively with loneliness and general psychological symptoms. Conclusions: Our hypotheses were partially confirmed. We can conclude that the damage to mental health associated with social isolation during the pandemic can be minimized by maintaining satisfactory interpersonal relationships. We have three direct recommendations: mental health professionals should (a) elaborate strategies that contemplate the use of virtual tools to alleviate depressive feelings resulting from isolation, (b) give particular attention to risk groups that are most impacted by the isolation imposed by a pandemic situation and may suffer from loneliness, and (c) consider anxiety control strategies for the anxiogenic adverse reaction generated by the worldwide alert in times of disease outbreaks.

Research paper thumbnail of Development and Diagnostic Accuracy of the Screening of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory

Psicologia: Ciência e Profissão, Dec 1, 2017

The assessment of personality disorders assumes unquestioned clinical relevance when considering ... more The assessment of personality disorders assumes unquestioned clinical relevance when considering the prevalence rates in the general population. Tests assessing the typical pathological traits of these disorders has been adapted to and developed in Brazil. However, there is a gap in the country of screening tools for personality disorders. Screening tools are designed to allow a fast and informative application on the likelihood of a positive diagnosis, where the consequence should be conveyed to a diagnostic assessment. Using as a base the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory (IDCP), developed at the national level, the objective of this research was to develop a screening tool for personality disorders, as well as investigate its diagnostic accuracy. The study included 1,196 people, aging between 18 and 73 years (M = 26.32, SD = 8.69), and 64.1% female. The sample was divided into clinical and non-clinical group. We used an empirical approach based on criteria for selection of items similar to those adopted in the development of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory was used (MMPI). The logistic regression analysis and also the calculation of Cohen´s d indicated the items that best discriminate against people with personality disorders and those without this diagnosis. We achieved a final set of 15 items with satisfactory sensitivity and specificity for screening test. We discusses the strengths and limitations of screening version of the IDCP and guidelines for further study.

Research paper thumbnail of Assessing borderline personality disorder based on the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP): Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 – BPD

Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy

A new approach to mental disorder taxonomy was recently proposed, the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Ps... more A new approach to mental disorder taxonomy was recently proposed, the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP). The aim of this study was to develop a specific version of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2), a self-reported measure developed in Brazil for use in pathological personality traits assessment, focused on the assessment of traits related to BPD in accordance with the HiTOP model. In step 1 we developed new factors to cover all traits of BPD according to HiTOP. In step 2, data were collected from 207 adults from the community (N = 207; M age = 35.9). Participants completed the developed measure (IDCP Borderline Personality Disorder Scale; IDCP-BPD), and selected factors from IDCP-2, PID-5, FFBI and FFHI. Exploratory structural equation modeling (E-SEM) suggested a 3-factors solution for the grouping of the fifteen factors of the IDCP-BPD. Factors and total score reliability was good. Correlations between IDCP-BPD factors and external measures were coherent, corroborating our expectations. The bootstrap two-sample t-test comparing the healthy and pathological groups suggested good discrimination capacity of the IDCP-BPD factors, mainly the Fragility and Impotence feelings factors. Favorable evidence was found for the use of IDCP-BPD to BPD traits measurement. The new factors extend the coverage of IDCP-2 in measuring BPD symptoms. Correlations suggest that IDCP-BPD factors measure the traits considered as relevant according to HiTOP. Discriminant capacity of the factors also supports the use of the measure, although future studies must replicate this in samples composed of BPD patients.

Research paper thumbnail of Guidelines for conducting and publishing systematic reviews in Psychology

Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas)

The systematic review refers to the literature review guided by scientific methods explicitly int... more The systematic review refers to the literature review guided by scientific methods explicitly intended to reduce bias, resulting in a synthesis of all relevant evidence for a given issue. In Brazil, specifically in Psychology, systematic review is found in the literature; however, the available studies do not always reflect the gold standard or what is expected in terms of typical systematic review procedures. The present study is structured in the form of a didactic guide, organized in topics, which should be typically contemplated in an systematic review in Psychology. The information that must be contained in each of these topics is indicated, including which procedures should be performed in the typical steps of the development of an systematic review. The present publication intends to increase the interest and investment of researchers in systematic review, providing them with information to improve the quality of systematic review in the area of Psychology in Brazil.

Research paper thumbnail of Does the Rorschach Performance Assessment System (R-PAS) Differ from the Comprehensive System (CS) on Variables Relevant to Interpretation?

Journal of Personality Assessment

Abstract We examined the impact of the changes in administration and coding introduced by the Ror... more Abstract We examined the impact of the changes in administration and coding introduced by the Rorschach Performance Assessment System (R-PAS) relative to the Comprehensive System (CS) on the Rorschach response process, as manifested in variables relevant to interpretation. We also examined the efficiency of each system to obtain protocols in an optimal range of responses (R) for interpretation. As hypothesized, when comparing 50 CS and 50 R-PAS nonpatient protocols, R-PAS produced many more protocols in the optimal R range (18-27) than the CS (78% vs. 24%) and it eliminated the need for re-administration, which was required for five CS protocols. As expected, R was less variable with R-PAS, as were two variables derived from it, R8910% and Complexity. In addition, as expected because of different Form Quality tables, R-PAS showed notably fewer and less variable perceptual distortions than the CS, and an increase in more conventional perceptions. The other 58 variables showed no reliable differences in means or standard deviations, though modest power precluded definitive inferences about equivalence. Overall, our results support previous findings about the benefit of R-PAS to obtain protocols in an optimal range for interpretation, while keeping the core manifestations of the response process unchanged.

Research paper thumbnail of Investigating Correlations Between Defence Mechanisms and Pathological Personality Characteristics

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between defence mecha... more Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between defence mechanisms and pathological personality traits. Material and methods: We analysed 320 participants aged from 18 to 64 years (70.6% women, 87.5% university students) who completed the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory (IDCP) and the Defence Style Questionnaire (DSQ-40). We conducted comparisons and correlations and a regression analysis. Results: The results showed expressive differences (d>1.0) between mature, neurotic and immature defence mechanism groups, and it was observed that pathological personality traits are more typical in people who use less mature defence mechanisms (i.e., neurotic and immature), which comprises marked personality profiles for each group, according to the IDCP. We also found correlations between some of the 40 specific mechanisms of the DSQ-40 and the 12 dimensions of pathological personality traits from the IDCP (r ≥ 0.30 to r ≤ 0.43), partially supported by the literature. In addition, we used regression analysis to verify the potential of the IDCP dimension clusters (related to personality disorders) to predict defence mechanisms, revealing some minimally expressive predictive values (between 20% and 35%). Discussion: The results indicate that those who tend to use immature defence mechanisms are also those most likely to present pathological personality traits. Conclusions: The findings indicate the importance of investigating these correlations as a possible improvement to clinical assessment and intervention.

Research paper thumbnail of Digital phenotyping and personality disorders: A necessary relationship in the digital age

Psicologia - Teoria e Prática

/psicologia. v21n2p153-171. Sistema de avaliação: às cegas por pares (double blind review). Unive... more /psicologia. v21n2p153-171. Sistema de avaliação: às cegas por pares (double blind review). Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie.

Research paper thumbnail of Differentiating borderline personality disorder and bipolar disorder through emotional dependency, emotional instability, impulsiveness and aggressiveness traits

The European Journal of Psychiatry

Abstract Aiming to contribute on the investigation of discriminative features of the borderline p... more Abstract Aiming to contribute on the investigation of discriminative features of the borderline personality disorder (BPD) and bipolar disorder (BD), we investigated the capacity of specifics pathological traits in discriminating BPD from BD patients. Participants were 258 adults: 30 BPD outpatients, 28 BD outpatients, and 200 non-patients. Through repeated measures ANOVA (with post hoc), contrast ANOVA and regression analyzes, we verified the discriminatory capacity of emotional dependency, emotional instability, impulsiveness and aggressivity traits. As expected, the BPD patients showed higher severity in all traits, but impulsiveness. The most discriminative traits were from emotional instability, specifically Anxious worry and Hopelessness traits.

Research paper thumbnail of Narcissistic and Histrionic Pathological Traits Association with Passive Data from Facebook Profile

Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science

Evidences suggest a relationship between narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) traits and passi... more Evidences suggest a relationship between narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) traits and passive data from social network sites, mainly, number of friends. A possible hypothesis for this relationship is the presence of the attention seeking trait, which is also a core component of the histrionic personality disorder (HPD). The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between NPD and HPD traits with passive data from Facebook profiles. Participants were 131 Brazilian Facebook users (93 women) aging from 18 to 64 years (M = 31.13 years, SD = 9.23). We administered the attention seeking and grandiosity dimensions from the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2), the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems-Personality Disorders (IIP-PD), and research assistants completed a questionnaire related to 31 Facebook passive data. Pearson correlations showed a complex pattern, but when we controlled for general level of personality pathology using IIP-PD cutoff, we observed a change in the correlation pattern, and higher correlations with HPD traits than with NPD traits. Differences found in correlations with the control variable are explained based on Simpson’s paradox. Data suggests that the HPD core traits, i.e., an exaggerated need for attention, may be the leading trait to explain the relation between Facebook passive data and NPD.

Research paper thumbnail of Development and Diagnostic Accuracy of the Screening of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory

Psicologia: Ciência e Profissão

The assessment of personality disorders assumes unquestioned clinical relevance when considering ... more The assessment of personality disorders assumes unquestioned clinical relevance when considering the prevalence rates in the general population. Tests assessing the typical pathological traits of these disorders has been adapted to and developed in Brazil. However, there is a gap in the country of screening tools for personality disorders. Screening tools are designed to allow a fast and informative application on the likelihood of a positive diagnosis, where the consequence should be conveyed to a diagnostic assessment. Using as a base the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory (IDCP), developed at the national level, the objective of this research was to develop a screening tool for personality disorders, as well as investigate its diagnostic accuracy. The study included 1,196 people, aging between 18 and 73 years (M = 26.32, SD = 8.69), and 64.1% female. The sample was divided into clinical and non-clinical group. We used an empirical approach based on criteria for selection of items similar to those adopted in the development of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory was used (MMPI). The logistic regression analysis and also the calculation of Cohen´s d indicated the items that best discriminate against people with personality disorders and those without this diagnosis. We achieved a final set of 15 items with satisfactory sensitivity and specificity for screening test. We discusses the strengths and limitations of screening version of the IDCP and guidelines for further study.

Research paper thumbnail of Estudo Normativo Com O Pfister: Uma Amostra Da Região Nordeste Brasileira

Avaliaçao Psicologica: Interamerican Journal of Psychological Assessment, 2008

Resumen pt: O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar a ocorrencia de diferencas significativas entre... more Resumen pt: O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar a ocorrencia de diferencas significativas entre o desempenho de uma amostra normativa do sudeste e de uma amostra d...

Research paper thumbnail of Relationship between religiosity domains and traits from borderline and schizotypal personality disorders in a Brazilian community sample

Introduction Research suggests that religiosity domains are associated with mental health constru... more Introduction Research suggests that religiosity domains are associated with mental health constructs. Some studies have focused on the relationship between religiosity and personality disorders. Objective To investigate the relationship between religiosity domains and pathological traits of the borderline (BPD) and schizotypal (SZPD) personality disorders. Methods Participants were 751 adults from the general population who answered the Multidimensional Inventory for Religious/Spiritual Well-Being (MI-RSWB-E), the Attachment to God Inventory (AGI), and factors of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2). Pearson’s correlation and regression analysis were conducted with pathological traits as independent variables and religiosity domains as dependent variables. Results Correlation and regression analyses indicated slightly higher associations between religiosity domain and BPD traits in comparison to SZPD traits. BPD traits showed higher associations with the hope im...

Research paper thumbnail of Normative studies about the color pyramid test in a brazilian north-eastern sample

Research paper thumbnail of Revisão da dimensão Agressividade do inventário Dimensional Clínico da Personalidade

The present study aimed to review the Aggressiveness dimension of the Dimensional Clinical Person... more The present study aimed to review the Aggressiveness dimension of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory (IDCP) in two steps: the first focused on developing new and the second for testing the psychometric properties in a sample of 230 subjects, 176 women, aged between 18 and 63 years, with minimum education of undergraduate (52.6%). The subjects answered the IDCP, the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5). The first step resulted in 47 items, of which 20 were new. The second step resulted in a composite of 16 items, in two interpretable structure components, antagonism and violence, with internal consistency coefficients of .89 for total, and .82 for each component. The analysis of the scale with NEO-PI-R and PID-5 revealed consistent and expected correlations. The data reveal the adequacy of the new Aggressiveness dimension of IDCP. Keywords: psychological assessment; personality traits; psychometrics; personality diso...

Research paper thumbnail of Measuring pathological traits of the schizotypal personality disorder through the HiTOP model

Scandinavian Journal of Psychology

Schizotypal personality disorder (STPD) is characterized by difficulties in intimate relationship... more Schizotypal personality disorder (STPD) is characterized by difficulties in intimate relationships, social and interpersonal deficits, and perceptual distortions. Encompassing this personality disorder and other mental conditions, the Hierarchical taxonomy of psychopathology (HiTOP) is an evidence-based, dimensional model covering pathological traits in its lower range. This study aimed to develop a self-report scale for screening pathological traits of STPD from the perspective of the HiTOP. The sample consisted of 474 Brazilian adults aged 18-70 years who answered the developed scale, the IDCP-STPD, facets of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5), and factors of the Computerized Adaptive Assessment of Personality Disorder Static Form (CAT-PD-SF). The scale was composed of 73 items distributed in two factors. Internal structure reliability was higher than 0.80 for all scores of the scale. The factors showed associations with the expected external measures, and the groups based on the STPD external measures (healthy and pathological) showed big to huge differences. Although initial, our findings suggested the IDCP-STPD as a helpful measure to the clinical context to screen the STPD pathological traits. Moreover, the structure observed for the IDCP-STPD confirms the spectrum level of the HiTOP.

Research paper thumbnail of Clinical functioning and cutoff of eccentricity dimension with psychiatric patients and non-patients

European Review of Applied Psychology

Research paper thumbnail of Compliance with containment measures to the COVID-19 pandemic over time: Do antisocial traits matter?

Personality and Individual Differences

Abstract This study investigated the relationships between antisocial traits and compliance with ... more Abstract This study investigated the relationships between antisocial traits and compliance with COVID-19 containment measures. The sample consisted of 1578 Brazilian adults aged 18–73 years who answered facets from the PID-5, the Affective resonance factor of the ACME, and a questionnaire about compliance with containment measures. Latent profile analyses indicated a 2-profile solution: the antisocial pattern profile which presented higher scores in Callousness, Deceitfulness, Hostility, Impulsivity, Irresponsibility, Manipulativeness, and Risk-taking, as well as lower scores in Affective resonance; and the empathy pattern profile which presented higher scores in Affective resonance and lower scores in ASPD typical traits. The latent profile groups showed significant differences between them and interaction with the containment measures and weeks. The antisocial and empathy groups showed significant differences. These differences were sustained in the interaction with the containment measures and weeks separately, but not when all were interacting together. Our findings indicated that antisocial traits, especially lower levels of empathy and higher levels of Callousness, Deceitfulness, and Risk-taking, are directly associated with lower compliance with containment measures. These traits explain, at least partially, the reason why people continue not adhering to the containment measures even with increasing numbers of cases and deaths.

Research paper thumbnail of Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2--Borderline Personality Disorder Scale

Research paper thumbnail of Personality differences and COVID-19: are extroversion and conscientiousness personality traits associated with engagement with containment measures?

Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy

Introduction: In December 2019, an outbreak of the novel coronavirus, the coronavirus disease 201... more Introduction: In December 2019, an outbreak of the novel coronavirus, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) probably occurred in Wuhan, China. By March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) had declared a pandemic. Containment measures such as social distancing and hand hygiene were recommended. In this study, we start from the hypothesis that engaging with containment measures in a pandemic situation should be more comfortable for some people than for other people. Thus, individual differences should be associated with engagement with containment measures. Objective: To investigate to what extent two personality traits, extroversion and conscientiousness, are associated with engagement with two containment measures (social distancing and handwashing). Methods: The sample consisted of 715 Brazilian adults aged 18-78 years, who answered the Big Five Inventory 2 Short (BFI-2-S) and factors from the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2). Results: Higher scores for extroversion were associated with lower means for social distancing (p < 0.001) and higher scores for conscientiousness were associated with higher means for social distancing and handwashing (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The findings indicate the importance of acknowledging extroversion and conscientiousness traits as relevant to people's engagement with the measures recommended for COVID-19 containment.

Research paper thumbnail of Personality differences and COVID-19: are extroversion and conscientiousness personality traits associated with engagement with containment measures?

Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Apr 9, 2020

Introduction: In December 2019, an outbreak of the novel coronavirus, the coronavirus disease 201... more Introduction: In December 2019, an outbreak of the novel coronavirus, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) probably occurred in Wuhan, China. By March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) had declared a pandemic. Containment measures such as social distancing and hand hygiene were recommended. In this study, we start from the hypothesis that engaging with containment measures in a pandemic situation should be more comfortable for some people than for other people. Thus, individual differences should be associated with engagement with containment measures. Objective: To investigate to what extent two personality traits, extroversion and conscientiousness, are associated with engagement with two containment measures (social distancing and handwashing). Methods: The sample consisted of 715 Brazilian adults aged 18-78 years, who answered the Big Five Inventory 2 Short (BFI-2-S) and factors from the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2). Results: Higher scores for extroversion were associated with lower means for social distancing (p < 0.001) and higher scores for conscientiousness were associated with higher means for social distancing and handwashing (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The findings indicate the importance of acknowledging extroversion and conscientiousness traits as relevant to people's engagement with the measures recommended for COVID-19 containment.

Research paper thumbnail of Preliminary findings on the associations between mental health indicators and social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic

Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy

Aim: Our study investigates associations between social isolation and indicators of general menta... more Aim: Our study investigates associations between social isolation and indicators of general mental health, wellbeing, depression, anxiety, loneliness, and stress in Brazilian adults. Variables to measure aspects to ease the isolation impact (ease-isolating variables) were also included. Method: 539 Brazilian adults were recruited by convenience from March 25 to April 07, 2020. We administered a questionnaire on isolation behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic, the WHO-5, the GHQ-12, the CLA, the GAD-7, the PSS-10, and the CES-D. To analyze data, we relied upon the network analysis approach. Results: COVID-19 isolation variables showed positive relationships with mental health indicators, and easeisolating variables presented mixed associations with mental health indicators. For instance, satisfaction with the quality of social interactions connected strongly and positively with the well-being variable, while negatively with loneliness and general psychological symptoms. Conclusions: Our hypotheses were partially confirmed. We can conclude that the damage to mental health associated with social isolation during the pandemic can be minimized by maintaining satisfactory interpersonal relationships. We have three direct recommendations: mental health professionals should (a) elaborate strategies that contemplate the use of virtual tools to alleviate depressive feelings resulting from isolation, (b) give particular attention to risk groups that are most impacted by the isolation imposed by a pandemic situation and may suffer from loneliness, and (c) consider anxiety control strategies for the anxiogenic adverse reaction generated by the worldwide alert in times of disease outbreaks.

Research paper thumbnail of Development and Diagnostic Accuracy of the Screening of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory

Psicologia: Ciência e Profissão, Dec 1, 2017

The assessment of personality disorders assumes unquestioned clinical relevance when considering ... more The assessment of personality disorders assumes unquestioned clinical relevance when considering the prevalence rates in the general population. Tests assessing the typical pathological traits of these disorders has been adapted to and developed in Brazil. However, there is a gap in the country of screening tools for personality disorders. Screening tools are designed to allow a fast and informative application on the likelihood of a positive diagnosis, where the consequence should be conveyed to a diagnostic assessment. Using as a base the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory (IDCP), developed at the national level, the objective of this research was to develop a screening tool for personality disorders, as well as investigate its diagnostic accuracy. The study included 1,196 people, aging between 18 and 73 years (M = 26.32, SD = 8.69), and 64.1% female. The sample was divided into clinical and non-clinical group. We used an empirical approach based on criteria for selection of items similar to those adopted in the development of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory was used (MMPI). The logistic regression analysis and also the calculation of Cohen´s d indicated the items that best discriminate against people with personality disorders and those without this diagnosis. We achieved a final set of 15 items with satisfactory sensitivity and specificity for screening test. We discusses the strengths and limitations of screening version of the IDCP and guidelines for further study.

Research paper thumbnail of Assessing borderline personality disorder based on the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP): Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 – BPD

Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy

A new approach to mental disorder taxonomy was recently proposed, the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Ps... more A new approach to mental disorder taxonomy was recently proposed, the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP). The aim of this study was to develop a specific version of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2), a self-reported measure developed in Brazil for use in pathological personality traits assessment, focused on the assessment of traits related to BPD in accordance with the HiTOP model. In step 1 we developed new factors to cover all traits of BPD according to HiTOP. In step 2, data were collected from 207 adults from the community (N = 207; M age = 35.9). Participants completed the developed measure (IDCP Borderline Personality Disorder Scale; IDCP-BPD), and selected factors from IDCP-2, PID-5, FFBI and FFHI. Exploratory structural equation modeling (E-SEM) suggested a 3-factors solution for the grouping of the fifteen factors of the IDCP-BPD. Factors and total score reliability was good. Correlations between IDCP-BPD factors and external measures were coherent, corroborating our expectations. The bootstrap two-sample t-test comparing the healthy and pathological groups suggested good discrimination capacity of the IDCP-BPD factors, mainly the Fragility and Impotence feelings factors. Favorable evidence was found for the use of IDCP-BPD to BPD traits measurement. The new factors extend the coverage of IDCP-2 in measuring BPD symptoms. Correlations suggest that IDCP-BPD factors measure the traits considered as relevant according to HiTOP. Discriminant capacity of the factors also supports the use of the measure, although future studies must replicate this in samples composed of BPD patients.

Research paper thumbnail of Guidelines for conducting and publishing systematic reviews in Psychology

Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas)

The systematic review refers to the literature review guided by scientific methods explicitly int... more The systematic review refers to the literature review guided by scientific methods explicitly intended to reduce bias, resulting in a synthesis of all relevant evidence for a given issue. In Brazil, specifically in Psychology, systematic review is found in the literature; however, the available studies do not always reflect the gold standard or what is expected in terms of typical systematic review procedures. The present study is structured in the form of a didactic guide, organized in topics, which should be typically contemplated in an systematic review in Psychology. The information that must be contained in each of these topics is indicated, including which procedures should be performed in the typical steps of the development of an systematic review. The present publication intends to increase the interest and investment of researchers in systematic review, providing them with information to improve the quality of systematic review in the area of Psychology in Brazil.

Research paper thumbnail of Does the Rorschach Performance Assessment System (R-PAS) Differ from the Comprehensive System (CS) on Variables Relevant to Interpretation?

Journal of Personality Assessment

Abstract We examined the impact of the changes in administration and coding introduced by the Ror... more Abstract We examined the impact of the changes in administration and coding introduced by the Rorschach Performance Assessment System (R-PAS) relative to the Comprehensive System (CS) on the Rorschach response process, as manifested in variables relevant to interpretation. We also examined the efficiency of each system to obtain protocols in an optimal range of responses (R) for interpretation. As hypothesized, when comparing 50 CS and 50 R-PAS nonpatient protocols, R-PAS produced many more protocols in the optimal R range (18-27) than the CS (78% vs. 24%) and it eliminated the need for re-administration, which was required for five CS protocols. As expected, R was less variable with R-PAS, as were two variables derived from it, R8910% and Complexity. In addition, as expected because of different Form Quality tables, R-PAS showed notably fewer and less variable perceptual distortions than the CS, and an increase in more conventional perceptions. The other 58 variables showed no reliable differences in means or standard deviations, though modest power precluded definitive inferences about equivalence. Overall, our results support previous findings about the benefit of R-PAS to obtain protocols in an optimal range for interpretation, while keeping the core manifestations of the response process unchanged.

Research paper thumbnail of Investigating Correlations Between Defence Mechanisms and Pathological Personality Characteristics

Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between defence mecha... more Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between defence mechanisms and pathological personality traits. Material and methods: We analysed 320 participants aged from 18 to 64 years (70.6% women, 87.5% university students) who completed the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory (IDCP) and the Defence Style Questionnaire (DSQ-40). We conducted comparisons and correlations and a regression analysis. Results: The results showed expressive differences (d>1.0) between mature, neurotic and immature defence mechanism groups, and it was observed that pathological personality traits are more typical in people who use less mature defence mechanisms (i.e., neurotic and immature), which comprises marked personality profiles for each group, according to the IDCP. We also found correlations between some of the 40 specific mechanisms of the DSQ-40 and the 12 dimensions of pathological personality traits from the IDCP (r ≥ 0.30 to r ≤ 0.43), partially supported by the literature. In addition, we used regression analysis to verify the potential of the IDCP dimension clusters (related to personality disorders) to predict defence mechanisms, revealing some minimally expressive predictive values (between 20% and 35%). Discussion: The results indicate that those who tend to use immature defence mechanisms are also those most likely to present pathological personality traits. Conclusions: The findings indicate the importance of investigating these correlations as a possible improvement to clinical assessment and intervention.

Research paper thumbnail of Digital phenotyping and personality disorders: A necessary relationship in the digital age

Psicologia - Teoria e Prática

/psicologia. v21n2p153-171. Sistema de avaliação: às cegas por pares (double blind review). Unive... more /psicologia. v21n2p153-171. Sistema de avaliação: às cegas por pares (double blind review). Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie.

Research paper thumbnail of Differentiating borderline personality disorder and bipolar disorder through emotional dependency, emotional instability, impulsiveness and aggressiveness traits

The European Journal of Psychiatry

Abstract Aiming to contribute on the investigation of discriminative features of the borderline p... more Abstract Aiming to contribute on the investigation of discriminative features of the borderline personality disorder (BPD) and bipolar disorder (BD), we investigated the capacity of specifics pathological traits in discriminating BPD from BD patients. Participants were 258 adults: 30 BPD outpatients, 28 BD outpatients, and 200 non-patients. Through repeated measures ANOVA (with post hoc), contrast ANOVA and regression analyzes, we verified the discriminatory capacity of emotional dependency, emotional instability, impulsiveness and aggressivity traits. As expected, the BPD patients showed higher severity in all traits, but impulsiveness. The most discriminative traits were from emotional instability, specifically Anxious worry and Hopelessness traits.

Research paper thumbnail of Narcissistic and Histrionic Pathological Traits Association with Passive Data from Facebook Profile

Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science

Evidences suggest a relationship between narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) traits and passi... more Evidences suggest a relationship between narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) traits and passive data from social network sites, mainly, number of friends. A possible hypothesis for this relationship is the presence of the attention seeking trait, which is also a core component of the histrionic personality disorder (HPD). The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between NPD and HPD traits with passive data from Facebook profiles. Participants were 131 Brazilian Facebook users (93 women) aging from 18 to 64 years (M = 31.13 years, SD = 9.23). We administered the attention seeking and grandiosity dimensions from the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2), the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems-Personality Disorders (IIP-PD), and research assistants completed a questionnaire related to 31 Facebook passive data. Pearson correlations showed a complex pattern, but when we controlled for general level of personality pathology using IIP-PD cutoff, we observed a change in the correlation pattern, and higher correlations with HPD traits than with NPD traits. Differences found in correlations with the control variable are explained based on Simpson’s paradox. Data suggests that the HPD core traits, i.e., an exaggerated need for attention, may be the leading trait to explain the relation between Facebook passive data and NPD.