Ume Kulsoom | University of sindh jamshoro (original) (raw)
Papers by Ume Kulsoom
This paper proposes an analysis of Fehmida Riaz's Pakistani English short story: " The Daughters ... more This paper proposes an analysis of Fehmida Riaz's Pakistani English short story: " The Daughters of Aai " (2007) in the light of Pierre Bourdieu's notion " field " (1986, 1990) taken from his Theory of Practice. The field is a context and place of survival of individuals, which determines their position in a social order. Keeping in view this notion, the short story " The Daughter's of Aai " is viewed as a remarkable story of innocence, abuse and the resourcefulness of women in a village in Pakistan. Following close reading analysis method, the study focuses on women's plight in their contextual field. The study finds out that there are two major fields in the village; poor villagers' field (which is again subdivided into the field of men and that of women) and landlords " field. The village women struggle hard to survive in their devalued and dominated field. They save an insane and innocent handicapped girl Fatima in the name of accepted and identical practices in their field, which is to make her Allah Walli (holy woman). Thus, the collective efforts and unity of women helped to make Fatima a resourceful woman, which otherwise was impossible. The study also finds out that the field of village men supports them in their every action taken for their dis/honour. The men can molest any woman (i.e. Fatima) but cannot afford a word for their own woman. For the sake of honour their whole tribe involves in years long fighting and killing, leaving their women widows and children orphans who face prolonged court cases.
The present study analyses gender powers in Tehmina Durrani's autobiographical novel My Feudal Lo... more The present study analyses gender powers in Tehmina Durrani's autobiographical novel My Feudal Lord in Pierre Bourdieu's (1977) notion of " habitus " which is a part of his Theory of Practice. Habitus as a critical approach is used to understand the behavior and habits of individuals. According to Bourdieu (1977) structuring of individual's habitus starts from the very childhood and is strengthened throughout the life. Keeping in view this approach, the present study aims to analyse and interpret the habitus of a feudal man (Mustafa Khar) and a woman (Tehmina Durrani) in a feudal and patriarchal Pakistani society. In close reading analysis method, the qualitative study focuses on function of habitus in making gender roles in different ways viz. how habitus of an individual is developed and re/structured in a feudal society. The study examines the struggle of the two main characters i.e. Tehmina and Mustafa to maintain or break their socially made habitus. Finally, the paper achieves that although habitus of individuals is continuously structured into their minds, yet it is broken in certain circumstances and situations.
This study aimed to investigate foreign language anxiety at tertiary level in Pakistan. It adopte... more This study aimed to investigate foreign language anxiety at tertiary level in Pakistan. It adopted a mixed methods approach. Firstly, foreign language anxiety scale was employed as a research tool for data collection. In addition, the focus group interviews were also conducted to have in depth understanding of anxiety under investigation. Data were randomly collected from 100 participants (Male= 94; Female= 6) from different disciplines who were enrolled to learn English at Lasbela University, Baluchistan. The findings of this study indicate anxiety of participants in learning English language. Specifically, participants were reported more anxious in test anxiety which was rated high by students with total (Mean= 40.5; SD= 7.00), second, communication apprehension is rated with (Mean= 28.8; SD= 5.22) and last but not least is fear of negative evaluation with (Mean= 23.7; SD= 5.93). In focus group interviews, this study frequently recorded some factors such as poor academic background, fear of taking tests in English, fear of making mistakes and fear of evaluation from teachers which maximize the level of anxiety among the participants. This study suggests some pedagogical strategies which may be considered learning and teaching practices at university level education. Among the strategies, most frequently discussed in interviews were teachers should create rapport among students especially with those who are inactive and passive in learning classroom and they should respect students' feelings and emotions in front of other peers in class These strategies tend to help teachers to minimize anxiety level of participants in classroom. Keywords: foreign language anxiety, research on anxiety, anxiety factors and pedagogical strategies
This paper analyses oppression and subjugation of women in patriarchal society in Bapsi Sidhwa's ... more This paper analyses oppression and subjugation of women in patriarchal society in Bapsi Sidhwa's novel Ice Candy Man based on Simon de Beauvoir's (1988) feminist theoretical perspective. The novel is analyzed on the following grounds. Firstly, in a patriarchal society woman is considered as an object and her oppression is veiled in the name of domesticity and marriage. Secondly, patriarchal society has made dual standards for man and woman to oppress woman. Thirdly, silence on the part of woman invites more oppression on her and encourages her exploitation. Lastly, woman's realization is essentially required to resist her operation. Following these grounds, the research discusses Sidhwa's endeavour to unveil men's hegemony and the struggle on the part of women to come out of their submissive position. The technique of close reading is used to analyze and interpret the text in qualitative approach. Through close reading of the text, the study finds out that Sidhwa empowers women to come out of their domestic lives to bring change not only in their own but also in other women's lives. She defends women's cause, by upholding the view that until woman herself does not raise voice against oppression, she will be suppressed throughout the life.
Analytical Letters, 1995
Streptomycin reacts with ninhydrin in alkaline medium to give a violet colour having maximum abso... more Streptomycin reacts with ninhydrin in alkaline medium to give a violet colour having maximum absorbance at 560 nm. The reaction is specific for streptomycin with 0.1 μg/ml as minimum limit of detection. It also provides the basis for a new spectrophotometric determination of pure streptomycin and in the presence of the organic compounds. The maximum tolerable limits of these are reported. The method is successfully applied to the determination of streptomycin from pharmaceutical preparation.
This paper proposes an analysis of Fehmida Riaz's Pakistani English short story: " The Daughters ... more This paper proposes an analysis of Fehmida Riaz's Pakistani English short story: " The Daughters of Aai " (2007) in the light of Pierre Bourdieu's notion " field " (1986, 1990) taken from his Theory of Practice. The field is a context and place of survival of individuals, which determines their position in a social order. Keeping in view this notion, the short story " The Daughter's of Aai " is viewed as a remarkable story of innocence, abuse and the resourcefulness of women in a village in Pakistan. Following close reading analysis method, the study focuses on women's plight in their contextual field. The study finds out that there are two major fields in the village; poor villagers' field (which is again subdivided into the field of men and that of women) and landlords " field. The village women struggle hard to survive in their devalued and dominated field. They save an insane and innocent handicapped girl Fatima in the name of accepted and identical practices in their field, which is to make her Allah Walli (holy woman). Thus, the collective efforts and unity of women helped to make Fatima a resourceful woman, which otherwise was impossible. The study also finds out that the field of village men supports them in their every action taken for their dis/honour. The men can molest any woman (i.e. Fatima) but cannot afford a word for their own woman. For the sake of honour their whole tribe involves in years long fighting and killing, leaving their women widows and children orphans who face prolonged court cases.
The present study analyses gender powers in Tehmina Durrani's autobiographical novel My Feudal Lo... more The present study analyses gender powers in Tehmina Durrani's autobiographical novel My Feudal Lord in Pierre Bourdieu's (1977) notion of " habitus " which is a part of his Theory of Practice. Habitus as a critical approach is used to understand the behavior and habits of individuals. According to Bourdieu (1977) structuring of individual's habitus starts from the very childhood and is strengthened throughout the life. Keeping in view this approach, the present study aims to analyse and interpret the habitus of a feudal man (Mustafa Khar) and a woman (Tehmina Durrani) in a feudal and patriarchal Pakistani society. In close reading analysis method, the qualitative study focuses on function of habitus in making gender roles in different ways viz. how habitus of an individual is developed and re/structured in a feudal society. The study examines the struggle of the two main characters i.e. Tehmina and Mustafa to maintain or break their socially made habitus. Finally, the paper achieves that although habitus of individuals is continuously structured into their minds, yet it is broken in certain circumstances and situations.
This study aimed to investigate foreign language anxiety at tertiary level in Pakistan. It adopte... more This study aimed to investigate foreign language anxiety at tertiary level in Pakistan. It adopted a mixed methods approach. Firstly, foreign language anxiety scale was employed as a research tool for data collection. In addition, the focus group interviews were also conducted to have in depth understanding of anxiety under investigation. Data were randomly collected from 100 participants (Male= 94; Female= 6) from different disciplines who were enrolled to learn English at Lasbela University, Baluchistan. The findings of this study indicate anxiety of participants in learning English language. Specifically, participants were reported more anxious in test anxiety which was rated high by students with total (Mean= 40.5; SD= 7.00), second, communication apprehension is rated with (Mean= 28.8; SD= 5.22) and last but not least is fear of negative evaluation with (Mean= 23.7; SD= 5.93). In focus group interviews, this study frequently recorded some factors such as poor academic background, fear of taking tests in English, fear of making mistakes and fear of evaluation from teachers which maximize the level of anxiety among the participants. This study suggests some pedagogical strategies which may be considered learning and teaching practices at university level education. Among the strategies, most frequently discussed in interviews were teachers should create rapport among students especially with those who are inactive and passive in learning classroom and they should respect students' feelings and emotions in front of other peers in class These strategies tend to help teachers to minimize anxiety level of participants in classroom. Keywords: foreign language anxiety, research on anxiety, anxiety factors and pedagogical strategies
This paper analyses oppression and subjugation of women in patriarchal society in Bapsi Sidhwa's ... more This paper analyses oppression and subjugation of women in patriarchal society in Bapsi Sidhwa's novel Ice Candy Man based on Simon de Beauvoir's (1988) feminist theoretical perspective. The novel is analyzed on the following grounds. Firstly, in a patriarchal society woman is considered as an object and her oppression is veiled in the name of domesticity and marriage. Secondly, patriarchal society has made dual standards for man and woman to oppress woman. Thirdly, silence on the part of woman invites more oppression on her and encourages her exploitation. Lastly, woman's realization is essentially required to resist her operation. Following these grounds, the research discusses Sidhwa's endeavour to unveil men's hegemony and the struggle on the part of women to come out of their submissive position. The technique of close reading is used to analyze and interpret the text in qualitative approach. Through close reading of the text, the study finds out that Sidhwa empowers women to come out of their domestic lives to bring change not only in their own but also in other women's lives. She defends women's cause, by upholding the view that until woman herself does not raise voice against oppression, she will be suppressed throughout the life.
Analytical Letters, 1995
Streptomycin reacts with ninhydrin in alkaline medium to give a violet colour having maximum abso... more Streptomycin reacts with ninhydrin in alkaline medium to give a violet colour having maximum absorbance at 560 nm. The reaction is specific for streptomycin with 0.1 μg/ml as minimum limit of detection. It also provides the basis for a new spectrophotometric determination of pure streptomycin and in the presence of the organic compounds. The maximum tolerable limits of these are reported. The method is successfully applied to the determination of streptomycin from pharmaceutical preparation.