AZIZAN MARZUKI | Universiti Sains Malaysia (original) (raw)
Journal by AZIZAN MARZUKI
Service Systems and Service …, Jan 1, 2011
Abstract In the World Tourism rankings which are compiled by UNWTO, there are 12 Asia countries w... more Abstract In the World Tourism rankings which are compiled by UNWTO, there are 12 Asia countries which are listed in the top 50 countries by both international tourist arrivals and international tourism receipts in 2009. Based on the ranking from 2005 till 2009, Malaysia is ranked in second place by international tourism arrivals in Asia. However, in term of international tourism receipts, Malaysia is just ranked as fourth, fifth and sixth among the 12 Asia countries within that period and in the last place for the average tourism consumption ...
Anatolia, Jan 1, 2012
Travel motivations have been one of the focal points of tourism research for several decades. Thi... more Travel motivations have been one of the focal points of tourism research for several decades. This study aims to delineate travel motivation of international tourists to Penang, Malaysia. The results of factor analysis indicated that “novelty and knowledge seeking” and “cultural and historical attractions” were the most agreed upon push and pull travel domains for international tourists travelling to Penang.
Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban …, Jan 1, 2010
Journal of Global …, Jan 1, 2011
Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban …, Jan 1, 2009
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) was introduced to measure the benefit or cost from physical... more Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) was introduced to measure the benefit or cost from physical development to the public and community. In Malaysia, EIA was initiated in 1988 as a mandatory legislative requirement to protect and enhance the quality of the environment through licensing, setting of standards, coordination of research and dissemination of information to the public. Public involvement in assessment period is vital, and this conceptual paper identifies that there are three levels of participation in EIA. However, public participation in EIA in Malaysia, in general, is only instrumental due to weaknesses in regulation, lack of awareness and expertise among the public. This further raises the question of effective EIA implementation when public representation is characterized by pseudo participation and select involvement rather than broad participation of all community members, which is an important prerequisite for effective public participation.
Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban …, Jan 1, 2009
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) was introduced to measure the benefit or cost from physical... more Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) was introduced to measure the benefit or cost from physical development to the public and community. In Malaysia, EIA was initiated in 1988 as a mandatory legislative requirement to protect and enhance the quality of the environment through licensing, setting of standards, coordination of research and dissemination of information to the public. Public involvement in assessment period is vital, and this conceptual paper identifies that there are three levels of participation in EIA. However, public participation in EIA in Malaysia, in general, is only instrumental due to weaknesses in regulation, lack of awareness and expertise among the public. This further raises the question of effective EIA implementation when public representation is characterized by pseudo participation and select involvement rather than broad participation of all community members, which is an important prerequisite for effective public participation.
Turizam: znanstveno-stručni časopis, Jan 1, 2008
Decision making and community participation: A case study of the tourism industry in Langkawi Com... more Decision making and community participation: A case study of the tourism industry in Langkawi Community participation is regarded as an important tool for successful tourism planning. Western scholars generally agree that active community participation in the decision making process will benefit local communities. However, in developing countries, such participation is difficult to put into practice because of shortcomings in structural and operational limitations in the tourism development process. A study in Langkawi Islands, Malaysia was conducted from March to July 2004 to explore and identify weaknesses in, and constraints upon current community participation in tourism planning. The study adopts a mixed method approach combining both quantitative and qualitative methodologies involving local residents in Langkawi and stakeholders in the tourism industry. This study found three main problems in the existing participation approaches of tourism planning in Langkawi: (1) inadequate information about the participation process; (2) limitations in participation procedures; and, (3) local residents' negative attitudes towards the process. Finally based on the study's findings, several suggestions are put forward for a future approach of community participation in tourism planning in the study area. This study recommends that a future participation framework should provide an alternative for optimum involvement with a potential for a higher participation level.
… Journal of Tourism, Jan 1, 2011
Nature-based tourism is an important part of the global tourism industry, and its components and ... more Nature-based tourism is an important part of the global tourism industry, and its components and features vary considerably from one destination to another. In Malaysia, location, quality and quantity of natural resources, and their infrastructure have not been well documented in the past. Thus, this paper attempts to assess the potential of natural tourism destinations in South Kelantan, by selecting fifteen destinations such as waterfalls and caves as case studies. Based on GIS application, 23 indicators for tourism destination assessment were investigated using observation and checklist techniques. The destinations were further classified based on physical features, infrastructure and accessibility. The results showed that 3 destinations were in the first category, 11 in the second category and only one destination in the third category. This study found that GIS application is effective in providing higher quality of information for natural tourism destination, which is an essential tool for decision making process.
Anatolia, Jan 1, 2009
Tourism is an important mechanism for economic development and the creation of employment opportu... more Tourism is an important mechanism for economic development and the creation of employment opportunities in many countries. Many developing countries have also tried to exploit the tourism industry for economic stimulation by getting foreign investment, capital and surplus from currency exchange. In particular, government involvement in tourism development in Malaysia began in the 1970s following an economic downturn and the decline in popularity and demand for commodity products. Beginning with the ...
Theoretical and Empirical …, Jan 1, 2012
Under the rapid development of tourism, what most attracts tourists are the abundant, particular ... more Under the rapid development of tourism, what most attracts tourists are the abundant, particular and various cultural heritages, which have the great potential to provide tourist destinations with everlasting charm and appeal. However, tourism is regarded as a double edged sword, and this includes cultural heritage tourism as well. In the process of tourism development at cultural heritage sites, while economic growth and social development have been gained, it seems that some social pressure and environmental problems could not be avoided, such as the danger of characteristic loss, great pressure from crowds of tourists as well as reluctant migration of local residents. Consequently, it becomes increasingly urgent to find a better way to protect these cultural heritages within this fast development of cultural heritage tourism. Moreover, especially in multicultural contexts, people have been paying more attention to these negative impacts from tourism on society, culture, tourist destination and local residents. Under this background, in order to study the protective development of cultural heritage tourism, this research chooses Lijiang in China as a study case, as the Old Town of Lijiang is one of World Cultural Heritage sites with great worldwide fame.
International Journal of …, Jan 1, 2012
Revisit intention has been highlighted as an important research topic in competitive market of to... more Revisit intention has been highlighted as an important research topic in competitive market of tourism destinations. Despite the considerable number of research on repeat visitors, it remains unclear why people undertake repeat visits and what kind of characteristics hold repeat visitors. This research aims to identify factors influencing repeat visitors to Sabah, Malaysia. The results of this study indicated that "destination image" and "relaxation and recreation" were the most important destination attributes and travel motives for repeat visitors to Sabah. Concerning their perception on destination loyalty, the study revealed that respondents were loyal to Sabah, intent to revisit and recommended Sabah as a holiday destination.
Journal of Sustainable Tourism, Jan 1, 2011
Public participation in decision-making processes is regarded as important for successful tourism... more Public participation in decision-making processes is regarded as important for successful tourism planning. This paper presents the findings of a study examining the public participation approach to tourism planning in the Langkawi Islands, Malaysia. The study was conducted between 2004 and 2008 to assess public participation during the preparation of the Langkawi Structure Plan 1990–2005 and the Langkawi Local Plan 2001–2015. Interviews were conducted with local stakeholders in the tourism industry and analysed using a “framework technique”. The results indicate that there were limitations in public participation in the tourism planning process due to (1) inadequate information, (2) an ineffective approach, (3) residents’ attitudes and (4) exclusion from participation processes. Public participation also occurred only at an early stage due to structural and operational limitations in the planning process. This included weaknesses in the Town Planning Act (Act 172), as under the Malaysian Planning System, all participation processes for Structure Plans and Local Plans in the country need to follow the participation approach suggested by the Act. The paper suggests that improvements can be made in tourism public participation processes in the Langkawi Islands and in their relationships with the Malaysian Planning System.Langkawi20042008Langkawi1990-2005Langkawi2001-2010‘’1234172Langkawi
Turizam: znanstveno-stručni časopis, Jan 1, 2012
Tourism in general has become one of the major cultural and economic forces in the world today, a... more Tourism in general has become one of the major cultural and economic forces in the world today, and is regarded as an important means to benefi t local communities. Phuket for example has experienced tremendous development since 1980s. Many construction projects are carried out on the islands with only one purpose: to accommodate tourism development. Rapid investments by the government and private sector had signifi cantly turned Phuket into a popular destination and a shopping haven for local and foreign tourists. However, despite the rapid development in this industry, the economic and socio-cultural impacts of tourism were hardly discussed and explained in academic literature. Th erefore, a study on Phuket Islands, Th ailand was conducted to explore and identify economic impacts of tourism development to the islands and local residents. A household survey based on stratifi ed random sampling was conducted in Phuket for 3 weeks. 393 questionnaires were completed from 399 respondents approached; representing a 99% response rate for this study. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using principal component analysis was carried out to identify the respondents' perception of the impacts from tourism development. Findings from data analysis identifi ed four factors representing 55.63% of the explained variance extracted from 18 variables, namely: 1. Economic benefi ts, 2. Higher living costs, 3. Economic costs, and 4. Supports local economy. Findings from data analysis suggested that tourism development in Phuket has provided more benefi ts than costs to the residents.
IJSSTH, Jan 1, 2012
Based on UNWTO data, there are 13 Asian countries listed within the top 50 countries that have re... more Based on UNWTO data, there are 13 Asian countries listed within the top 50 countries that have registered the highest international tourist arrivals as well as international tourism receipts in 2010. For the period between 2005 and 2010, China has been steadily ranked in first place in terms of international tourism arrivals in Asia. From the aspect of international tourism receipts, China is similarly ranked at the first position among 13 Asia and Pacific Region countries. However, China is only ranked at the second to last place for the average tourist consumption by international tourists. According to calculation of prediction data presented in this paper, China needs to increase the average tourist consumption to at least USD 1858.20 to be amongst the highest recipients in Asia. Based on the 2010 database compiled by UNWTO, there are only three countries in Asia and the Pacific region with an average tourist consumption of international tourism above USD 1858.20; these being Australia, India and Macao. The international tourism development strategies of these countries or region are considered and presented critically as a basis for a proposed model of international tourism development in China.
Journal of Landscape …, Jan 1, 2012
Abstract Bali Island in Indonesia, one of the Asian regions with the fastest-developed tourism in... more Abstract Bali Island in Indonesia, one of the Asian regions with the fastest-developed tourism industry, was taken for example to analyze its experience in making tourism development planning, raising funds, and brand building. On this basis, we proposed concrete suggestions for the future tourism development of Hebei Province in China by combining with its actual conditions: buildings in scenic spots have to show regional styles; folk custom tourism should be fully used to enhance tourism development; advanced management ...
World Applied Sciences Journal, Jan 1, 2011
Tourism in general has become one of the major cultural and economic forces in the world today an... more Tourism in general has become one of the major cultural and economic forces in the world today and is regarded as an important means to benefit local communities. Langkawi for example, has experienced tremendous development since declared a duty free island in 1987. Many construction projects are carried out on the islands with only one purpose: to accommodate tourism development. Rapid investments by the government and private sector had significantly turned Langkawi into a popular destination and a shopping haven for local and foreign tourists. However, despite the rapid development in this industry, the economic and socio-cultural impacts of tourism were hardly discussed and explained in academic literature. Therefore, a study on Langkawi Islands, Malaysia was conducted to explore and identify impacts of tourism development to the islands and local residents. A household survey based on stratified random sampling was conducted in Langkawi for 8 weeks. 392 questionnaires were completed from 784 respondents approached; representing a 50% response rate for this study. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using principal component analysis was carried out to identify the respondents' perception of the impacts from tourism development to the Langkawi Islands. Findings from data analysis identified three factors representing 55.63% of the explained variance extracted from 21 variables, namely: 1. Costs from tourism development, 2. Benefits from tourism development and 3. Socio-economic effects from tourism development. Finally, findings from data analysis suggested that tourism development in Langkawi has provided more benefits that costs to the residents.
Thesis by AZIZAN MARZUKI
Book Chapter by AZIZAN MARZUKI
Hospitality and Tourism, Jan 1, 2012
ABSTRACT: Environment-related products and activities in the tourism industry are popular among v... more ABSTRACT: Environment-related products and activities in the tourism industry are popular among visitors to Malaysia. Island tourism is highly dependent on local environment. Providing tourists with products that offer them a real feeling about the local environment is one of the important factors for tourism to succeed. To be sustainable, tourism-product development must meet the customers' needs. To contribute to the growing body of knowledge on sustainable tourism, it would be useful to explore on the ecotourism-related ...
Proceeding by AZIZAN MARZUKI
… 2010. The state of the art …, Jan 1, 2010
Abstract Research has shown that it would be extremely important for any destination to develop c... more Abstract Research has shown that it would be extremely important for any destination to develop customer retention, and repeat visitation has become more crucial in relationship marketing as the competition in tourism industry is very intense. In recent years, customer retention has been acknowledged as a favorable strategy and has been investigated from different perspectives, but research findings about repeat visitation phenomenon are not conclusive. Thus, this paper examines repeat visitation as an indicator of loyalty in tourist ...
Service Systems and Service …, Jan 1, 2011
Abstract In the World Tourism rankings which are compiled by UNWTO, there are 12 Asia countries w... more Abstract In the World Tourism rankings which are compiled by UNWTO, there are 12 Asia countries which are listed in the top 50 countries by both international tourist arrivals and international tourism receipts in 2009. Based on the ranking from 2005 till 2009, Malaysia is ranked in second place by international tourism arrivals in Asia. However, in term of international tourism receipts, Malaysia is just ranked as fourth, fifth and sixth among the 12 Asia countries within that period and in the last place for the average tourism consumption ...
Anatolia, Jan 1, 2012
Travel motivations have been one of the focal points of tourism research for several decades. Thi... more Travel motivations have been one of the focal points of tourism research for several decades. This study aims to delineate travel motivation of international tourists to Penang, Malaysia. The results of factor analysis indicated that “novelty and knowledge seeking” and “cultural and historical attractions” were the most agreed upon push and pull travel domains for international tourists travelling to Penang.
Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban …, Jan 1, 2010
Journal of Global …, Jan 1, 2011
Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban …, Jan 1, 2009
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) was introduced to measure the benefit or cost from physical... more Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) was introduced to measure the benefit or cost from physical development to the public and community. In Malaysia, EIA was initiated in 1988 as a mandatory legislative requirement to protect and enhance the quality of the environment through licensing, setting of standards, coordination of research and dissemination of information to the public. Public involvement in assessment period is vital, and this conceptual paper identifies that there are three levels of participation in EIA. However, public participation in EIA in Malaysia, in general, is only instrumental due to weaknesses in regulation, lack of awareness and expertise among the public. This further raises the question of effective EIA implementation when public representation is characterized by pseudo participation and select involvement rather than broad participation of all community members, which is an important prerequisite for effective public participation.
Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban …, Jan 1, 2009
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) was introduced to measure the benefit or cost from physical... more Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) was introduced to measure the benefit or cost from physical development to the public and community. In Malaysia, EIA was initiated in 1988 as a mandatory legislative requirement to protect and enhance the quality of the environment through licensing, setting of standards, coordination of research and dissemination of information to the public. Public involvement in assessment period is vital, and this conceptual paper identifies that there are three levels of participation in EIA. However, public participation in EIA in Malaysia, in general, is only instrumental due to weaknesses in regulation, lack of awareness and expertise among the public. This further raises the question of effective EIA implementation when public representation is characterized by pseudo participation and select involvement rather than broad participation of all community members, which is an important prerequisite for effective public participation.
Turizam: znanstveno-stručni časopis, Jan 1, 2008
Decision making and community participation: A case study of the tourism industry in Langkawi Com... more Decision making and community participation: A case study of the tourism industry in Langkawi Community participation is regarded as an important tool for successful tourism planning. Western scholars generally agree that active community participation in the decision making process will benefit local communities. However, in developing countries, such participation is difficult to put into practice because of shortcomings in structural and operational limitations in the tourism development process. A study in Langkawi Islands, Malaysia was conducted from March to July 2004 to explore and identify weaknesses in, and constraints upon current community participation in tourism planning. The study adopts a mixed method approach combining both quantitative and qualitative methodologies involving local residents in Langkawi and stakeholders in the tourism industry. This study found three main problems in the existing participation approaches of tourism planning in Langkawi: (1) inadequate information about the participation process; (2) limitations in participation procedures; and, (3) local residents' negative attitudes towards the process. Finally based on the study's findings, several suggestions are put forward for a future approach of community participation in tourism planning in the study area. This study recommends that a future participation framework should provide an alternative for optimum involvement with a potential for a higher participation level.
… Journal of Tourism, Jan 1, 2011
Nature-based tourism is an important part of the global tourism industry, and its components and ... more Nature-based tourism is an important part of the global tourism industry, and its components and features vary considerably from one destination to another. In Malaysia, location, quality and quantity of natural resources, and their infrastructure have not been well documented in the past. Thus, this paper attempts to assess the potential of natural tourism destinations in South Kelantan, by selecting fifteen destinations such as waterfalls and caves as case studies. Based on GIS application, 23 indicators for tourism destination assessment were investigated using observation and checklist techniques. The destinations were further classified based on physical features, infrastructure and accessibility. The results showed that 3 destinations were in the first category, 11 in the second category and only one destination in the third category. This study found that GIS application is effective in providing higher quality of information for natural tourism destination, which is an essential tool for decision making process.
Anatolia, Jan 1, 2009
Tourism is an important mechanism for economic development and the creation of employment opportu... more Tourism is an important mechanism for economic development and the creation of employment opportunities in many countries. Many developing countries have also tried to exploit the tourism industry for economic stimulation by getting foreign investment, capital and surplus from currency exchange. In particular, government involvement in tourism development in Malaysia began in the 1970s following an economic downturn and the decline in popularity and demand for commodity products. Beginning with the ...
Theoretical and Empirical …, Jan 1, 2012
Under the rapid development of tourism, what most attracts tourists are the abundant, particular ... more Under the rapid development of tourism, what most attracts tourists are the abundant, particular and various cultural heritages, which have the great potential to provide tourist destinations with everlasting charm and appeal. However, tourism is regarded as a double edged sword, and this includes cultural heritage tourism as well. In the process of tourism development at cultural heritage sites, while economic growth and social development have been gained, it seems that some social pressure and environmental problems could not be avoided, such as the danger of characteristic loss, great pressure from crowds of tourists as well as reluctant migration of local residents. Consequently, it becomes increasingly urgent to find a better way to protect these cultural heritages within this fast development of cultural heritage tourism. Moreover, especially in multicultural contexts, people have been paying more attention to these negative impacts from tourism on society, culture, tourist destination and local residents. Under this background, in order to study the protective development of cultural heritage tourism, this research chooses Lijiang in China as a study case, as the Old Town of Lijiang is one of World Cultural Heritage sites with great worldwide fame.
International Journal of …, Jan 1, 2012
Revisit intention has been highlighted as an important research topic in competitive market of to... more Revisit intention has been highlighted as an important research topic in competitive market of tourism destinations. Despite the considerable number of research on repeat visitors, it remains unclear why people undertake repeat visits and what kind of characteristics hold repeat visitors. This research aims to identify factors influencing repeat visitors to Sabah, Malaysia. The results of this study indicated that "destination image" and "relaxation and recreation" were the most important destination attributes and travel motives for repeat visitors to Sabah. Concerning their perception on destination loyalty, the study revealed that respondents were loyal to Sabah, intent to revisit and recommended Sabah as a holiday destination.
Journal of Sustainable Tourism, Jan 1, 2011
Public participation in decision-making processes is regarded as important for successful tourism... more Public participation in decision-making processes is regarded as important for successful tourism planning. This paper presents the findings of a study examining the public participation approach to tourism planning in the Langkawi Islands, Malaysia. The study was conducted between 2004 and 2008 to assess public participation during the preparation of the Langkawi Structure Plan 1990–2005 and the Langkawi Local Plan 2001–2015. Interviews were conducted with local stakeholders in the tourism industry and analysed using a “framework technique”. The results indicate that there were limitations in public participation in the tourism planning process due to (1) inadequate information, (2) an ineffective approach, (3) residents’ attitudes and (4) exclusion from participation processes. Public participation also occurred only at an early stage due to structural and operational limitations in the planning process. This included weaknesses in the Town Planning Act (Act 172), as under the Malaysian Planning System, all participation processes for Structure Plans and Local Plans in the country need to follow the participation approach suggested by the Act. The paper suggests that improvements can be made in tourism public participation processes in the Langkawi Islands and in their relationships with the Malaysian Planning System.Langkawi20042008Langkawi1990-2005Langkawi2001-2010‘’1234172Langkawi
Turizam: znanstveno-stručni časopis, Jan 1, 2012
Tourism in general has become one of the major cultural and economic forces in the world today, a... more Tourism in general has become one of the major cultural and economic forces in the world today, and is regarded as an important means to benefi t local communities. Phuket for example has experienced tremendous development since 1980s. Many construction projects are carried out on the islands with only one purpose: to accommodate tourism development. Rapid investments by the government and private sector had signifi cantly turned Phuket into a popular destination and a shopping haven for local and foreign tourists. However, despite the rapid development in this industry, the economic and socio-cultural impacts of tourism were hardly discussed and explained in academic literature. Th erefore, a study on Phuket Islands, Th ailand was conducted to explore and identify economic impacts of tourism development to the islands and local residents. A household survey based on stratifi ed random sampling was conducted in Phuket for 3 weeks. 393 questionnaires were completed from 399 respondents approached; representing a 99% response rate for this study. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using principal component analysis was carried out to identify the respondents' perception of the impacts from tourism development. Findings from data analysis identifi ed four factors representing 55.63% of the explained variance extracted from 18 variables, namely: 1. Economic benefi ts, 2. Higher living costs, 3. Economic costs, and 4. Supports local economy. Findings from data analysis suggested that tourism development in Phuket has provided more benefi ts than costs to the residents.
IJSSTH, Jan 1, 2012
Based on UNWTO data, there are 13 Asian countries listed within the top 50 countries that have re... more Based on UNWTO data, there are 13 Asian countries listed within the top 50 countries that have registered the highest international tourist arrivals as well as international tourism receipts in 2010. For the period between 2005 and 2010, China has been steadily ranked in first place in terms of international tourism arrivals in Asia. From the aspect of international tourism receipts, China is similarly ranked at the first position among 13 Asia and Pacific Region countries. However, China is only ranked at the second to last place for the average tourist consumption by international tourists. According to calculation of prediction data presented in this paper, China needs to increase the average tourist consumption to at least USD 1858.20 to be amongst the highest recipients in Asia. Based on the 2010 database compiled by UNWTO, there are only three countries in Asia and the Pacific region with an average tourist consumption of international tourism above USD 1858.20; these being Australia, India and Macao. The international tourism development strategies of these countries or region are considered and presented critically as a basis for a proposed model of international tourism development in China.
Journal of Landscape …, Jan 1, 2012
Abstract Bali Island in Indonesia, one of the Asian regions with the fastest-developed tourism in... more Abstract Bali Island in Indonesia, one of the Asian regions with the fastest-developed tourism industry, was taken for example to analyze its experience in making tourism development planning, raising funds, and brand building. On this basis, we proposed concrete suggestions for the future tourism development of Hebei Province in China by combining with its actual conditions: buildings in scenic spots have to show regional styles; folk custom tourism should be fully used to enhance tourism development; advanced management ...
World Applied Sciences Journal, Jan 1, 2011
Tourism in general has become one of the major cultural and economic forces in the world today an... more Tourism in general has become one of the major cultural and economic forces in the world today and is regarded as an important means to benefit local communities. Langkawi for example, has experienced tremendous development since declared a duty free island in 1987. Many construction projects are carried out on the islands with only one purpose: to accommodate tourism development. Rapid investments by the government and private sector had significantly turned Langkawi into a popular destination and a shopping haven for local and foreign tourists. However, despite the rapid development in this industry, the economic and socio-cultural impacts of tourism were hardly discussed and explained in academic literature. Therefore, a study on Langkawi Islands, Malaysia was conducted to explore and identify impacts of tourism development to the islands and local residents. A household survey based on stratified random sampling was conducted in Langkawi for 8 weeks. 392 questionnaires were completed from 784 respondents approached; representing a 50% response rate for this study. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using principal component analysis was carried out to identify the respondents' perception of the impacts from tourism development to the Langkawi Islands. Findings from data analysis identified three factors representing 55.63% of the explained variance extracted from 21 variables, namely: 1. Costs from tourism development, 2. Benefits from tourism development and 3. Socio-economic effects from tourism development. Finally, findings from data analysis suggested that tourism development in Langkawi has provided more benefits that costs to the residents.
Hospitality and Tourism, Jan 1, 2012
ABSTRACT: Environment-related products and activities in the tourism industry are popular among v... more ABSTRACT: Environment-related products and activities in the tourism industry are popular among visitors to Malaysia. Island tourism is highly dependent on local environment. Providing tourists with products that offer them a real feeling about the local environment is one of the important factors for tourism to succeed. To be sustainable, tourism-product development must meet the customers' needs. To contribute to the growing body of knowledge on sustainable tourism, it would be useful to explore on the ecotourism-related ...
… 2010. The state of the art …, Jan 1, 2010
Abstract Research has shown that it would be extremely important for any destination to develop c... more Abstract Research has shown that it would be extremely important for any destination to develop customer retention, and repeat visitation has become more crucial in relationship marketing as the competition in tourism industry is very intense. In recent years, customer retention has been acknowledged as a favorable strategy and has been investigated from different perspectives, but research findings about repeat visitation phenomenon are not conclusive. Thus, this paper examines repeat visitation as an indicator of loyalty in tourist ...
Based on UNWTO data, there are 13 Asian countries listed within the top 50 countries that have re... more Based on UNWTO data, there are 13 Asian countries listed within the top 50 countries that have registered the highest international tourist arrivals as well as international tourism receipts in 2010. For the period between 2005 and 2010, China has been steadily ranked in first place in terms of international tourism arrivals in Asia. From the aspect of international tourism receipts, China is similarly ranked at the first position among 13 Asia and Pacific Region countries. However, China is only ranked at the second to last place for the average tourist consumption by international tourists. According to calculation of prediction data presented in this paper, China needs to increase the average tourist consumption to at least USD 1858.20 to be amongst the highest recipients in Asia. Based on the 2010 database compiled by UNWTO, there are only three countries in Asia and the Pacific region with an average tourist consumption of international tourism above USD 1858.20; these being Australia, India and Macao. The international tourism development strategies of these countries or region are considered and presented critically as a basis for a proposed model of international tourism development in China.
湖北经济学院学报: 人文社会科学版, Jan 1, 2012
Proceedings of 2nd …, Jan 1, 2009
Abstract Travel has always been regarded as an experiential learning activity that can lead to ch... more Abstract Travel has always been regarded as an experiential learning activity that can lead to children's improved psychological well-being, and past research has studied the relationship between learning styles and experiential learning in nonformal education. Realizing this potential, the Ministry of Tourism and Education Ministry of Malaysia co-jointly launched 3P Programme (3P stands for Students' Tourism Programme) in 2001, with the main objectives to encourage domestic tourism activities, to inculcate traveling culture ...
upnm.edu.my, Jan 1, 2009
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) was introduced to measure the benefit or cost from physical... more Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) was introduced to measure the benefit or cost from physical development to the public and community. In Malaysia, EIA was initiated in 1988 as a mandatory legislative requirement to protect and enhance the quality of the environment through licensing, setting of standards, coordination of research and dissemination of information to the public. Public involvement in assessment period is vital, and this conceptual paper identifies that there are three levels of participation in EIA. However, public participation in EIA in Malaysia, in general, is only instrumental due to weaknesses in regulation, lack of awareness and expertise among the public. This further raises the question of effective EIA implementation when public representation is characterized by pseudo participation and select involvement rather than broad participation of all community members, which is an important prerequisite for effective public participation.
In early days of the beach resort tourism industry sun, sea and sand were the most appealing attr... more In early days of the beach resort tourism industry sun, sea and sand were the most appealing attractions for tourists visiting coastal areas. Despite many positive aspects derived from the influx of tourist arrivals, many coastal tourism destinations are increasingly witnessing negative effects associated with physical development. These often have an adverse impact on coastal attraction qualities with significant implications for beach resort quality and related stakeholders. Contemporary beach resorts have gradually evolved to coastal cities due to commercial and urbanization processes, which over time may erode their uniqueness and natural environments. This paper recognises this and aims to identify how changes in land use patterns influence the evolution of beach resort development along coastal areas. This is achieved through an analysis of the growth and evolution of Batu Feringghi Beach in Penang Island, Malaysia. Drawing upon land use data, aerial photography and GIS technology Batu Feringghi's land use development, beach resort evolution and their associated impacts from 1982 to 2009 is traced.
Structured Abstract Purpose-The current study aims to investigate the perceptions of indigenous p... more Structured Abstract Purpose-The current study aims to investigate the perceptions of indigenous people towards tourism development and the factors that influence their perceptions of the economic, social and environmental impacts of tourism. Design/methodology/approach-This study will focus on the perceptions of an aboriginal group indigenous to Malaysia. This study draws upon a sample of 272 from the Lower Kinabatangan region of Sabah, Malaysia. Respondents were administered a questionnaire, the results of which were analysed by way of Partial Least Squares – Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Findings-The results indicate a significant positive effect for economic gain on the perceived economic and environmental impacts of tourism, and of community involvement on the perception of social impacts. Moreover, we found that the perception of environmental impacts, followed by perceived economic impacts, had a strong effect on support for tourism development. Originality/value-This study makes a significant theoretical contribution to the resident perception literature by investigating how the perception of tourism impacts affect indigenous residents' support for tourism development. Furthermore, this article describes a number of practical implications of this study for the promotion of sustainable tourism development among indigenous residents.
Public participation in decision-making processes is regarded as important for successful tourism... more Public participation in decision-making processes is regarded as important for successful tourism planning. This paper presents the findings of a study examining the public participation approach to tourism planning in the Langkawi Islands, Malaysia.The study was conducted between 2004 and 2008 to assess public participation during the preparation of the Langkawi Structure Plan 1990–2005 and the Langkawi Local Plan 2001–2015. Interviews were conducted with local stakeholders in the tourism industry and analysed using a “framework technique”. The results indicate that there were limitations in public participation in the tourism planning process due to (1) inadequate information, (2) an ineffective approach, (3) residents’ attitudes and (4) exclusion from participation processes. Public participation also occurred only at an early stage due to structural and operational limitations in the planning process.This included weaknesses in the Town Planning Act (Act 172), as under the Malaysian Planning System, all participation processes for Structure Plans and Local Plans in the country need to follow the participation approach suggested by the Act. The paper suggests that improvements can be made in tourism public participation processes in the Langkawi Islands and in their relationships with the Malaysian Planning System.
Encyclopedia of Tourism, 2014
International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 2014
Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
ABSTRACT
Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
ABSTRACT
Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 2015
This paper aims to investigate tourists' perceptions of crowding and factors influencing those pe... more This paper aims to investigate tourists' perceptions of crowding and factors influencing those perceptions. The effects of visitor sociodemographic characteristics, economic factors, and destination situational characteristics are investigated. Questionnaire data was collected from a sample of 362 tourists at Pantai Cenang Beach, Langkawi Island. The results confirmed the significant effect of visitor sociodemographic characteristics on perceived crowding. Among the economic factors, although the findings did not confirm an effect for level of income, the results showed a positive effect for spending money per day on perceived crowding. Furthermore, the hypothesized effect of situational characteristics on perceived crowding could not be verified. In light of the absence of studies investigating the factors influencing perceived crowding using partial least squares-structural equation modeling, this study contributes theoretically and methodologically to the perceived crowding literature. Moreover, the results can assist the local authorities to understand the perceptions of tourists for future development.
This study aims to identify the challenges of Malay cultural heritage product as a tourist attrac... more This study aims to identify the challenges of Malay cultural heritage product as a tourist attraction in Melaka. A qualitative method through in-depth interview and site-observation were used for primary data collection while the secondary data gathered supports for the research findings. The research has identified five major challenges for Malay cultural product as a tourist attraction. These challenges are location, marketing, tourism infrastructure, community awareness and participation, and proposals for implementation from local authorities. These challenges should be considered into account by stakeholders in order to position the Malay cultural heritage product locally and into the global market.
International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 2015
ABSTRACT This study identifies the travel motivations of international tourists to Penang, Malays... more ABSTRACT This study identifies the travel motivations of international tourists to Penang, Malaysia, using the theory of push and pull motivations as a conceptual framework. The methodology was comprised of quantitative research based on 400 self-completed questionnaires. A principal component factor analysis was used to identify the underlying dimensions of push and pull motivational items. The results revealed three push and three pull factor dimensions. Among the identified motivation factors, Novelty and Knowledge-Seeking and Cultural and Historical Attractions were regarded as the most important push and pull factors, respectively. Based on the study’s findings, practical implications for tourism marketers are suggested and future research recommendations are provided.
Changes in the demographic structure of a population make many various opportunities for presenti... more Changes in the demographic structure of a population make many various opportunities for presenting a wide variety of tourism products and services. One of these changes is the growing international student’s participation in education in many countries during the past 10 years. It is well documented owing to international students’ contribution to a country’s economy by tuition fees, living cost as well as their travel behaviors; international students’ market is one of the most important segments in tourism industry. While Malaysia has become one the main countries leading exporter of education however to date relatively little has been paid to travel preferences of international students in Malaysia and their travel behaviors have received little attention as a specific market segment. This paper proposes to present a review of academic articles that have been published about travel behaviors of students, particularly universities’ international students. This article examines the significance of international students to the tourism industry followed by a discussion of the limitations in the literature. The main goal of this article is to identify major variables involved in the identifying international students’ travel behaviors and develop a general framework for the determining of international students’ travel behavior in Malaysia.
Innovation has become an important factor to assure a sustainable growth and profit for every ind... more Innovation has become an important factor to assure a sustainable growth and profit for every industry, especially for tourism where clients are dependent on products and services offered by tourism operators. Since tourism is a global industry, it is crucial to evaluate innovative activities in any segment of tourism. Nevertheless, a small number of innovation studies in tourism reveals a limited empirical evidence of the level of innovative activities and their impacts and implications to tourism destinations particularly museums. Innovative activities are indeed a management process which maintains the role of museums directors in occurring innovative activities. The potential of innovation in museums not only helps us to predict changes for future of museum but also plays a crucial role in establishing a relationship with tomorrow's museum-goers. This study aims to provide useful information for museums managers and should assist them in developing policies that promote innovation in the tourism sector. In this study all the relevant literatures were reviewed and the areas which innovation can be occurred were identified.