Syamsul Rizal Abd Shukor | Universiti Sains Malaysia (original) (raw)

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Papers by Syamsul Rizal Abd Shukor

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering

Isoamyl acetate is an aromatic ester that has a similar smell to banana. This ester is high in de... more Isoamyl acetate is an aromatic ester that has a similar smell to banana. This ester is high in demand for various industries application, especially in the flavour and fragrance sectors. This research aims to investigate the effects of synthesis parameters on the production of isoamyl acetate in a milli-reactor. Non-catalyzed reaction was performed by reacting isoamyl alcohol with acetic anhydride without further dilution. The flow rate of 40 to 80µL/min, reaction temperature of 20 to 50°C, and acid-alcohol molar ratio of 0.5 to 2.0 were chosen as the reaction parameters. All samples were analyzed through gas chromatography with flame-ionization detection (GC-FID). The results revealed that the highest production of isoamyl acetate was obtained at the flow rate of 60µL/min and temperature of 50°C with the acid-molar ratio of 0.5. In conclusion, these synthesis parameters significantly influences the non-catalyzed esterification reaction of isoamyl acetate production in a milli-reactor.

Laboratory Unit Operations and Experimental Methods in Chemical Engineering, Oct 10, 2018

Conceptual mapping of existing knowledge on previous subject learned with the new knowledge can b... more Conceptual mapping of existing knowledge on previous subject learned with the new knowledge can be accentuated using experiential learning methodologies. Open-ended laboratory (OEL) initiative exemplifies the intended outcome of experiential learning cycle where the learners encounter new experiences via laboratory experiments, reflecting the observation made interconnecting the inconsistencies between experience and understanding. This provides a solid basis for the learners to create or modify existing abstract concept of the experiments undertaken. These experiences will be put into context where the learners actively and adaptively experimenting and integrating previous knowledge with the new knowledge and put into practice by developing appropriate experimental procedures in order to achieve the set objectives given for a particular problem statement. This chapter illustrates the concept of open-ended laboratory (problem based), describing the transition of traditional laboratory (TL) to problem-based learning experience via experiential learning methodologies. The methodologies in developing the OEL in a chemical engineering laboratory course and their implementation in a process control laboratory setup were also outlined. The transition of traditional to problembased findings and course outcomes attainments were investigated and measured using appropriate tools. The challenges and difficulties in implementing OEL were described and analyzed with data obtained from the experiences of conducting OEL in the School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia.

Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, 2019

This work examined the employment of different nanofiltration membranes for the separation of pes... more This work examined the employment of different nanofiltration membranes for the separation of pesticide (i.e. atrazine and dimethoate) from aqueous solution. DK, NF270, NF200, and NF90 were tested for the pesticides retention performance under a stirred dead‐end filtration system. NF90 demonstrated the best pesticides retention performance with over 95% of retention for atrazine and approximately 80% for dimethoate. All the membranes consistently showed better retention of atrazine than dimethoate. Dissolving the pesticide in river or tap water amplified the overall pesticides retention performance, indicating that filtration in water treatment plants could render a superior pesticides retention performance. However, a lower flux was obtained for the filtration of tap and river water.

Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations [Working Title]

In microchannel, fluid viscous effect becomes dominant, and the micro-flow typically falls in lam... more In microchannel, fluid viscous effect becomes dominant, and the micro-flow typically falls in laminar regime. Mixing of fluid in the absence of turbulence is a slow molecular process as it is solely dependent on diffusion. Fast and complete mixing of relevant fluids is of crucial importance in many chemical engineering processes, thus computational fluid dynamics simulation on mixing in microchannel is the main topic in this chapter. The simulation was based on laminar flow and convective diffusion equation model. The factors affecting the mixing performance in microchannel was further simulated. The finding provides some insight of transport phenomena on mixing in microchannel.

Journal of Chemical Engineering and Industrial Biotechnology

In this study, silica nanoparticles entrapped with rifampicin has successfully been synthesized b... more In this study, silica nanoparticles entrapped with rifampicin has successfully been synthesized by using micelles entrapment approach. The goal of this study is to investigate the effects of synthesis parameters; surfactant (Tween 80), solvent (water) and stirring rate on the particles size and distribution of silica nanoparticles entrapped rifampicin. The results showed that without surfactant, larger mean particles (176.4 nm to 207.70 nm) of silica nanoparticles were produced while uniform and smaller spherical particles sizes (42.37 nm -70.44 nm) were formed with the addition of surfactant. But, when the amount of surfactant increased from 3.0 g to 9.0 g, larger silica nanoparticles with uniform size and thinner walls were observed until critical micelle concentration (CMC) of surfactant equivalent to 11.0 g was reached. The effect of water content shows the particle size slightly increased from 55.92 nm to 56.99 nm when the water content was increased from 150 mL to 200 mL, and ...

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering

ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering

Process intensification (PI) is currently one of the most significant trends in chemical engineer... more Process intensification (PI) is currently one of the most significant trends in chemical engineering and process technology. PI is a strategy of making dramatic reductions in the size of unit operations within chemical plants, in order to achieve production objectives. PI technology is able to change dramatically the whole chemical engineering industry pathway to a faster, cleaner and safer industry. Nonetheless, PI technology will be handicapped if such system is not properly controlled. There are some foreseeable problems in order to control such processes for instance, dynamic interaction between components that make up a control loop, response time of the instrumentations, availability of proper sensor and etc. This paper offers an overview and discussion on identifying potential problems of controlling intensified systems.

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering

Chemical Engineering & Technology

Procedia Engineering, 2016

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Feb 28, 2008

Sensors and Actuators B Chemical, Apr 8, 2010

The objective of this work is to propose a reaction mechanism and develop a model for the synthes... more The objective of this work is to propose a reaction mechanism and develop a model for the synthesis of isoamyl acetate from isoamyl alcohol and acetate anhydride by using lipase from Candida antarctica in a solvent-free system. Ping-Pong Bi-Bi reaction mechanism with acetic anhydride and acetic acid inhibition is found to be the mechanism which is able to describe this reaction. Unknown parameters of the model developed are obtained by minimising deviation of model prediction from experimental result and it is performed by the Solver Tool in Microsoft Excel. The model prediction is found to match the experimental data quite well (average percentage error = 8.08%).

The aim of this study is to determine the reactions involved in esterification reaction of isoamy... more The aim of this study is to determine the reactions involved in esterification reaction of isoamyl acetate, in solvent-free system (SFS), between acetic anhydride and isoamyl alcohol in the presence of enzyme Candida antarctica Lipase B (CALB) as catalyst. This study was done in a batch system using stopped rubber conical shake flask. Results show that there is two main reactions took place, which are: (i) between acetic anhydride and isoamyl alcohol, and (ii) between acetic acid and isoamyl alcohol. Kinetic modeling was also done using First Principle model and found that the kinetic constant for k 1 and k 2 value equals to -0.0135 and 0.2530 respectively.

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering

Isoamyl acetate is an aromatic ester that has a similar smell to banana. This ester is high in de... more Isoamyl acetate is an aromatic ester that has a similar smell to banana. This ester is high in demand for various industries application, especially in the flavour and fragrance sectors. This research aims to investigate the effects of synthesis parameters on the production of isoamyl acetate in a milli-reactor. Non-catalyzed reaction was performed by reacting isoamyl alcohol with acetic anhydride without further dilution. The flow rate of 40 to 80µL/min, reaction temperature of 20 to 50°C, and acid-alcohol molar ratio of 0.5 to 2.0 were chosen as the reaction parameters. All samples were analyzed through gas chromatography with flame-ionization detection (GC-FID). The results revealed that the highest production of isoamyl acetate was obtained at the flow rate of 60µL/min and temperature of 50°C with the acid-molar ratio of 0.5. In conclusion, these synthesis parameters significantly influences the non-catalyzed esterification reaction of isoamyl acetate production in a milli-reactor.

Laboratory Unit Operations and Experimental Methods in Chemical Engineering, Oct 10, 2018

Conceptual mapping of existing knowledge on previous subject learned with the new knowledge can b... more Conceptual mapping of existing knowledge on previous subject learned with the new knowledge can be accentuated using experiential learning methodologies. Open-ended laboratory (OEL) initiative exemplifies the intended outcome of experiential learning cycle where the learners encounter new experiences via laboratory experiments, reflecting the observation made interconnecting the inconsistencies between experience and understanding. This provides a solid basis for the learners to create or modify existing abstract concept of the experiments undertaken. These experiences will be put into context where the learners actively and adaptively experimenting and integrating previous knowledge with the new knowledge and put into practice by developing appropriate experimental procedures in order to achieve the set objectives given for a particular problem statement. This chapter illustrates the concept of open-ended laboratory (problem based), describing the transition of traditional laboratory (TL) to problem-based learning experience via experiential learning methodologies. The methodologies in developing the OEL in a chemical engineering laboratory course and their implementation in a process control laboratory setup were also outlined. The transition of traditional to problembased findings and course outcomes attainments were investigated and measured using appropriate tools. The challenges and difficulties in implementing OEL were described and analyzed with data obtained from the experiences of conducting OEL in the School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia.

Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, 2019

This work examined the employment of different nanofiltration membranes for the separation of pes... more This work examined the employment of different nanofiltration membranes for the separation of pesticide (i.e. atrazine and dimethoate) from aqueous solution. DK, NF270, NF200, and NF90 were tested for the pesticides retention performance under a stirred dead‐end filtration system. NF90 demonstrated the best pesticides retention performance with over 95% of retention for atrazine and approximately 80% for dimethoate. All the membranes consistently showed better retention of atrazine than dimethoate. Dissolving the pesticide in river or tap water amplified the overall pesticides retention performance, indicating that filtration in water treatment plants could render a superior pesticides retention performance. However, a lower flux was obtained for the filtration of tap and river water.

Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations [Working Title]

In microchannel, fluid viscous effect becomes dominant, and the micro-flow typically falls in lam... more In microchannel, fluid viscous effect becomes dominant, and the micro-flow typically falls in laminar regime. Mixing of fluid in the absence of turbulence is a slow molecular process as it is solely dependent on diffusion. Fast and complete mixing of relevant fluids is of crucial importance in many chemical engineering processes, thus computational fluid dynamics simulation on mixing in microchannel is the main topic in this chapter. The simulation was based on laminar flow and convective diffusion equation model. The factors affecting the mixing performance in microchannel was further simulated. The finding provides some insight of transport phenomena on mixing in microchannel.

Journal of Chemical Engineering and Industrial Biotechnology

In this study, silica nanoparticles entrapped with rifampicin has successfully been synthesized b... more In this study, silica nanoparticles entrapped with rifampicin has successfully been synthesized by using micelles entrapment approach. The goal of this study is to investigate the effects of synthesis parameters; surfactant (Tween 80), solvent (water) and stirring rate on the particles size and distribution of silica nanoparticles entrapped rifampicin. The results showed that without surfactant, larger mean particles (176.4 nm to 207.70 nm) of silica nanoparticles were produced while uniform and smaller spherical particles sizes (42.37 nm -70.44 nm) were formed with the addition of surfactant. But, when the amount of surfactant increased from 3.0 g to 9.0 g, larger silica nanoparticles with uniform size and thinner walls were observed until critical micelle concentration (CMC) of surfactant equivalent to 11.0 g was reached. The effect of water content shows the particle size slightly increased from 55.92 nm to 56.99 nm when the water content was increased from 150 mL to 200 mL, and ...

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering

ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering

Process intensification (PI) is currently one of the most significant trends in chemical engineer... more Process intensification (PI) is currently one of the most significant trends in chemical engineering and process technology. PI is a strategy of making dramatic reductions in the size of unit operations within chemical plants, in order to achieve production objectives. PI technology is able to change dramatically the whole chemical engineering industry pathway to a faster, cleaner and safer industry. Nonetheless, PI technology will be handicapped if such system is not properly controlled. There are some foreseeable problems in order to control such processes for instance, dynamic interaction between components that make up a control loop, response time of the instrumentations, availability of proper sensor and etc. This paper offers an overview and discussion on identifying potential problems of controlling intensified systems.

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering

Chemical Engineering & Technology

Procedia Engineering, 2016

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Feb 28, 2008

Sensors and Actuators B Chemical, Apr 8, 2010

The objective of this work is to propose a reaction mechanism and develop a model for the synthes... more The objective of this work is to propose a reaction mechanism and develop a model for the synthesis of isoamyl acetate from isoamyl alcohol and acetate anhydride by using lipase from Candida antarctica in a solvent-free system. Ping-Pong Bi-Bi reaction mechanism with acetic anhydride and acetic acid inhibition is found to be the mechanism which is able to describe this reaction. Unknown parameters of the model developed are obtained by minimising deviation of model prediction from experimental result and it is performed by the Solver Tool in Microsoft Excel. The model prediction is found to match the experimental data quite well (average percentage error = 8.08%).

The aim of this study is to determine the reactions involved in esterification reaction of isoamy... more The aim of this study is to determine the reactions involved in esterification reaction of isoamyl acetate, in solvent-free system (SFS), between acetic anhydride and isoamyl alcohol in the presence of enzyme Candida antarctica Lipase B (CALB) as catalyst. This study was done in a batch system using stopped rubber conical shake flask. Results show that there is two main reactions took place, which are: (i) between acetic anhydride and isoamyl alcohol, and (ii) between acetic acid and isoamyl alcohol. Kinetic modeling was also done using First Principle model and found that the kinetic constant for k 1 and k 2 value equals to -0.0135 and 0.2530 respectively.

Journal of Porous Materials, 2009