Fabio Campos | Universidade de São Paulo (original) (raw)

Papers by Fabio Campos

With the advancement in research in the area of Eco-sanitation, new treatment processes are begin... more With the advancement in research in the area of Eco-sanitation, new treatment processes are beginning to show promise. On this premise, the present study aimed to evaluate the Vermifilter system. This process is based on the use of reactors as aerobic biofilters housing as filling material substrate and a population of detritívoras worms. For this study a system of vermifilter followed by two filter beds, one containing expanded clay, and another, coconut fiber, was constructed and operated.It obtained satisfactory results for solids removal total suspension (average 77%) and for organic matter (average of 81% in terms of COD), but low and negligible phosphorus retention efficiency (average 37%) and nitrogen (average of 14%), respectively. By not presenting demands to the management of sludge or pruning of macrophytes, the process of vermifilter shows interesting option to sewage treatment in decentralized model.

O processo de tratamento de esgoto por lodo ativado é utilizado em larga escala no Brasil, podend... more O processo de tratamento de esgoto por lodo ativado é utilizado em larga escala no Brasil, podendo ser adaptado para o recebimento de maior carga orgânica ou para a remoção de nitrogênio por meio da introdução de corpos carregadores móveis, processo conhecido por MBBR-Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor. O objetivo do projeto foi identificar as condições de funcionamento do sistema MBBR, tais como relação alimento/microrganismos, idade do lodo de referência à biomassa suspensa e concentração de oxigênio a ser mantida no tanque de aeração, associadas ao desempenho do sistema na remoção de matéria orgânica e nitrogênio para subsidiar a análise da viabilidade do emprego do processo de lodo ativado convencional ou híbrido, sob a forma de reator biológico de leito móvel. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em escala piloto, mantendo-se dois sistemas em operação em paralelo, um representando o processo de lodo ativado convencional e outro idêntico, exceto pela introdução dos corpos móveis. Desta forma, foi possível atribuir a diferença de resultados à presença da biomassa aderida. Os sistemas foram submetidos a um programa de controle operacional envolvendo determinações in loco e laboratoriais. Os resultados foram avaliados estatisticamente e interpretados. Adicionalmente, se tem como objetivo o desenvolvimento de métodos para a quantificação de biomassa aderida em reator biológico de leito móvel e de bactérias nitrificantes e desnitrificantes.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of plastic media carriers presence in the activ... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of plastic media carriers presence in the activated sludge process through the operation under different solids retention times, for the removal of carbonaceous organic matter and ammonia nitrogen, of two aerobic systems. One of them, called LAC, was constituted by activated sludge reactors with suspended biomass only and compared with another, LAI, with integrated fixed-film activated sludge reactors. The growth of attached and suspended biomass and environmental conditions in the reactors have been monitored. Respirometric analyzes were used to determine kinetic coefficients related to nitrification. It was possible to apply approximately twice the load supported by an activated sludge system, nitrification was extended until low solids retention times related to the aerobic and suspended biomass, and denitrification has occurred efficiently. The specific growth rate of nitrifying bacteria in attached biomass has resulted similar to that observed in suspended biomass.

This study used acute toxicity tests on the marine bacteria Allivibrio fischeri and on microcrust... more This study used acute toxicity tests on the marine bacteria Allivibrio fischeri and on microcrustaceans Daphnia similis to evaluate the reduction of acute toxicity in effluent generated by the IFAS (Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge) hybrid process, treating landfill leachate with domestic sewage. In order to evaluate the treatment’s ability to lessen the toxicity of the effluent, three experimental stages were developed with leachate contributions of 5, 10 and 20% of the total load of BOD in the effluent composition. In general, the results show that, even with the greatest contribution of leachate, no significant alterations were observed in the behavior and efficiency of the biological process; however, with regard to the degree of acute toxicity observed in the affluent, the classification of the effluents changed from Very Toxic to Toxic in three phases of operation, even reaching the reduction levels around 70% in the last stage of the study, highlighting the need for greater control and evaluation of this variable. The methodology of using the Microtox® technique proved to be more sensitive to compounds present in the samples when compared to the technique using the microcrustaceans D. similis.

With the advancement in research in the area of Eco-sanitation, new treatment processes are begin... more With the advancement in research in the area of Eco-sanitation, new treatment processes are beginning to show promise. On this premise, the present study aimed to evaluate the Vermifilter system. This process is based on the use of reactors as aerobic biofilters housing as filling material substrate and a population of detritívoras worms. For this study a system of vermifilter followed by two filter beds, one containing expanded clay, and another, coconut fiber, was constructed and operated.It obtained satisfactory results for solids removal total suspension (average 77%) and for organic matter (average of 81% in terms of COD), but low and negligible phosphorus retention efficiency (average 37%) and nitrogen (average of 14%), respectively. By not presenting demands to the management of sludge or pruning of macrophytes, the process of vermifilter shows interesting option to sewage treatment in decentralized model.

O processo de tratamento de esgoto por lodo ativado é utilizado em larga escala no Brasil, podend... more O processo de tratamento de esgoto por lodo ativado é utilizado em larga escala no Brasil, podendo ser adaptado para o recebimento de maior carga orgânica ou para a remoção de nitrogênio por meio da introdução de corpos carregadores móveis, processo conhecido por MBBR-Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor. O objetivo do projeto foi identificar as condições de funcionamento do sistema MBBR, tais como relação alimento/microrganismos, idade do lodo de referência à biomassa suspensa e concentração de oxigênio a ser mantida no tanque de aeração, associadas ao desempenho do sistema na remoção de matéria orgânica e nitrogênio para subsidiar a análise da viabilidade do emprego do processo de lodo ativado convencional ou híbrido, sob a forma de reator biológico de leito móvel. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em escala piloto, mantendo-se dois sistemas em operação em paralelo, um representando o processo de lodo ativado convencional e outro idêntico, exceto pela introdução dos corpos móveis. Desta forma, foi possível atribuir a diferença de resultados à presença da biomassa aderida. Os sistemas foram submetidos a um programa de controle operacional envolvendo determinações in loco e laboratoriais. Os resultados foram avaliados estatisticamente e interpretados. Adicionalmente, se tem como objetivo o desenvolvimento de métodos para a quantificação de biomassa aderida em reator biológico de leito móvel e de bactérias nitrificantes e desnitrificantes.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of plastic media carriers presence in the activ... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of plastic media carriers presence in the activated sludge process through the operation under different solids retention times, for the removal of carbonaceous organic matter and ammonia nitrogen, of two aerobic systems. One of them, called LAC, was constituted by activated sludge reactors with suspended biomass only and compared with another, LAI, with integrated fixed-film activated sludge reactors. The growth of attached and suspended biomass and environmental conditions in the reactors have been monitored. Respirometric analyzes were used to determine kinetic coefficients related to nitrification. It was possible to apply approximately twice the load supported by an activated sludge system, nitrification was extended until low solids retention times related to the aerobic and suspended biomass, and denitrification has occurred efficiently. The specific growth rate of nitrifying bacteria in attached biomass has resulted similar to that observed in suspended biomass.

This study used acute toxicity tests on the marine bacteria Allivibrio fischeri and on microcrust... more This study used acute toxicity tests on the marine bacteria Allivibrio fischeri and on microcrustaceans Daphnia similis to evaluate the reduction of acute toxicity in effluent generated by the IFAS (Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge) hybrid process, treating landfill leachate with domestic sewage. In order to evaluate the treatment’s ability to lessen the toxicity of the effluent, three experimental stages were developed with leachate contributions of 5, 10 and 20% of the total load of BOD in the effluent composition. In general, the results show that, even with the greatest contribution of leachate, no significant alterations were observed in the behavior and efficiency of the biological process; however, with regard to the degree of acute toxicity observed in the affluent, the classification of the effluents changed from Very Toxic to Toxic in three phases of operation, even reaching the reduction levels around 70% in the last stage of the study, highlighting the need for greater control and evaluation of this variable. The methodology of using the Microtox® technique proved to be more sensitive to compounds present in the samples when compared to the technique using the microcrustaceans D. similis.