Sebastião Sousa Almeida | University of Sao Paulo (original) (raw)
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Papers by Sebastião Sousa Almeida
Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria, 2011
Medicina (Ribeirao Preto. Online), 2009
In Experiment 1, 71 participants were trained to match three pictures of facial expressions (one ... more In Experiment 1, 71 participants were trained to match three pictures of facial expressions (one that expressed happiness and two that expressed emotional neutrality) to three abstract line drawings and match three healthy food names to the abstract line drawings. The participants were then tested to verify
equivalence between facial expressions, abstract pictures, and foods. They were required to rate the foods for pleasantness at the beginning and end of the experiment. The experiment had three different experimental groups that differed only in the amount of training. The foods that were equivalent to the
happy and neutral female faces received more positive evaluations than the foods that were equivalent to the neutral male face; however, the data presented high variability. In Experiment 2, schematic faces and fictitious food names were used in a delayed matching-to-sample procedure. The food that was equivalent to the happy face was evaluated as more pleasant, and the food that was equivalent to the sad face was evaluated as less pleasant.
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
An elevated plus-maze was used to study the ontogeny of the exploratory behaviors of early-protei... more An elevated plus-maze was used to study the ontogeny of the exploratory behaviors of early-protein-malnourished animals in an experimental aversive situation. Rats were malnourished by feeding their dams a 6% protein diet during the lactation period (0-21 days of age); controls received a 16% protein diet. From 21 to 100 days of age, all rats received a balanced lab chow diet. At 21, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 days of age, independent groups of malnourished and control animals were exposed to the elevated plus-maze and allowed to explore for 5 min. During this period, 12 behavioral categories (number of entries and time spent in the open and enclosed arms, total arms entries, attempts to enter open and closed arms, closed-arm returns, latency of first closed-arm entry, total immobility time, total grooming time, total rearings, total head-dippings, and total stretch attend posture) were recorded. The results showed that anxiety increased with age and that protein malnutriti...
Revista de Psicologia del Deporte
The objective was to analyze the effects of affective, personal and demographic variables in the ... more The objective was to analyze the effects of affective, personal and demographic variables in the degree of psychological commitment to exercise (DPCE). 286 athletes aged between 10 and 19 years of both sexes participated in the study. We used the Commitment Exercise Scale, the Body Shape Questionnaire and the “Criterion of Economic Classification Brazil” to assess the DPCE, body dissatisfaction and socioeconomic status, respectively. The results showed significant effects for females (p = .001). These same analyzes for males showed no significant effects. It was concluded that affective, personal and demographic factors promoted effects in DPCE only in females.
![Research paper thumbnail of Imagem Corporal e suas Relações com a Atividade Física e o Estado Nutricional em Adolescentes [Relationship Between Body Image, Physical Activity and Nutritional Status in Adolescents]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39093209/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](This study evaluated the presence of inaccuracy of body image estimation and its possible interac... more This study evaluated the presence of inaccuracy of body image estimation and its possible interactions with the practice of physical activity and the nutritional status in adolescents. A total of three hundred and seventy five adolescents (191 boys and 184 girls), responded the Figurate Scale and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and had their weight and height measured. The girls showed more inaccuracy than boys. No was observed physical activity effect, but a significant effect of nutritional status with the undernutrition group presenting lower levels of inaccuracy compared to the other groups. The results of this study demonstrate that in this sample, inaccuracy of body image estimation was strictly related to nutritional status, but not to physical activity.
Psicologia Teoria e Pesquisa
This study aimed to obtain evidence of the construct validity and the reliability of the Figure R... more This study aimed to obtain evidence of the construct validity and the reliability of the Figure Rating Scales developed by Kakeshita (2008) applied to Brazilian adolescents. After conducting the test-retest in 112 participants with an interval of one month, the results showed that the scales were able to discriminate the different groups of nutritional status in both sexes; showed significant correlation between current BMI, desired BMI and dissatisfaction; and coefficients of elevated intraclass correlation, indicating that the instrument is suitable for assessing body image in this age group.
Com o objetivo de reunir em uma mesma obra pesquisadores brasileiros que fazem uma análise do com... more Com o objetivo de reunir em uma mesma obra pesquisadores brasileiros que fazem uma análise do comportamento alimentar de um ponto de vista psicobiológico, ou seja, observando o comportamento resultante da interação de fatores biológicos e comportamentais, Psicobiologia do Comportamento Alimentar vem suprir a carência de uma publicação que aborde o comportamento alimentar como uma área de conhecimento interdisciplinar.Fatores fisiológicos e neuroquímicos foram praticamente os únicos a explicar o comportamento alimentar antes que o avanço da ciência do comportamento permitisse o acréscimo de outros fatores que também participam do ato de se alimentar, como motivação, emoção, aprendizagem, percepção sensorial, apetite e saciedade. Esse fato demonstra que o comportamento alimentar é, por excelência, uma área multidisciplinar, mas, sobretudo, uma área do conhecimento interdisciplinar, que precisa da relação entre as disciplinas para um melhor desenvolvimento.
![Research paper thumbnail of Determinantes Ambientais do Comportamento Alimentar [Environmental determinants of Eating Behavior]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/39093208/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria e Desempenho Humano, 2015
Nutritional Neuroscience, 2015
Objectives This study aimed to compare the effects of environmental enrichment in nourished (on a... more Objectives This study aimed to compare the effects of environmental enrichment in nourished (on a diet containing 16% protein) and malnourished (on a diet containing 6% protein) rats during the critical period of brain development, specifically focusing on the optic nerve. Methods By means of morphologic and morphometric assessment of the optic nerve, we analyzed the changes caused by diet and stimulation (environmental enrichment) on postnatal day 35, a time point ideal for such morphological analysis since developmental processes are considered complete at this age. Results Malnourished animals presented low body and brain weights and high body-to-brain weight ratio compared to well-nourished rats. Furthermore, malnourished animals showed morphological changes in the optic nerve such as edema and vacuolization characterized by increased interstitial space. The malnourished-stimulated group presented lesions characteristic of early protein malnutrition but were milder than lesions exhibited by malnourished-non-stimulated group. The morphometric analysis revealed no difference in glial cell density between groups, but there was significantly higher blood vessel density in the stimulated rats, independent of their nutritional condition. Discussion Our data indicate that protein malnutrition imposed during the critical period of brain development alters the cytoarchitecture of the optic nerve. In addition, we affirm that a 1-hour exposure to an enriched environment everyday was sufficient for tissue preservation in rats maintained on a low-protein diet. This protective effect might be related to angiogenesis, as confirmed by the increased vascular density observed in morphometric analyses.
Psychology and Neuroscience, 2014
Estudos de Psicologia (Natal), 2013
Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica, 2010
Nutritional Neuroscience, 2002
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2011
Nutrire Rev. Soc. Bras. Aliment. Nutr, 2008
Base de dados : LILACS. Pesquisa : 485116 [Identificador único]. Referências encontradas : 1 [ref... more Base de dados : LILACS. Pesquisa : 485116 [Identificador único]. Referências encontradas : 1 [refinar]. Mostrando: 1 .. 1 no formato [Detalhado]. página 1 de 1, 1 / 1, LILACS, seleciona. para imprimir. Fotocópia. Almeida, Sebastiao de Sousa. Texto completo. ...
Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria, 2011
Medicina (Ribeirao Preto. Online), 2009
In Experiment 1, 71 participants were trained to match three pictures of facial expressions (one ... more In Experiment 1, 71 participants were trained to match three pictures of facial expressions (one that expressed happiness and two that expressed emotional neutrality) to three abstract line drawings and match three healthy food names to the abstract line drawings. The participants were then tested to verify
equivalence between facial expressions, abstract pictures, and foods. They were required to rate the foods for pleasantness at the beginning and end of the experiment. The experiment had three different experimental groups that differed only in the amount of training. The foods that were equivalent to the
happy and neutral female faces received more positive evaluations than the foods that were equivalent to the neutral male face; however, the data presented high variability. In Experiment 2, schematic faces and fictitious food names were used in a delayed matching-to-sample procedure. The food that was equivalent to the happy face was evaluated as more pleasant, and the food that was equivalent to the sad face was evaluated as less pleasant.
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
An elevated plus-maze was used to study the ontogeny of the exploratory behaviors of early-protei... more An elevated plus-maze was used to study the ontogeny of the exploratory behaviors of early-protein-malnourished animals in an experimental aversive situation. Rats were malnourished by feeding their dams a 6% protein diet during the lactation period (0-21 days of age); controls received a 16% protein diet. From 21 to 100 days of age, all rats received a balanced lab chow diet. At 21, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 days of age, independent groups of malnourished and control animals were exposed to the elevated plus-maze and allowed to explore for 5 min. During this period, 12 behavioral categories (number of entries and time spent in the open and enclosed arms, total arms entries, attempts to enter open and closed arms, closed-arm returns, latency of first closed-arm entry, total immobility time, total grooming time, total rearings, total head-dippings, and total stretch attend posture) were recorded. The results showed that anxiety increased with age and that protein malnutriti...
Revista de Psicologia del Deporte
The objective was to analyze the effects of affective, personal and demographic variables in the ... more The objective was to analyze the effects of affective, personal and demographic variables in the degree of psychological commitment to exercise (DPCE). 286 athletes aged between 10 and 19 years of both sexes participated in the study. We used the Commitment Exercise Scale, the Body Shape Questionnaire and the “Criterion of Economic Classification Brazil” to assess the DPCE, body dissatisfaction and socioeconomic status, respectively. The results showed significant effects for females (p = .001). These same analyzes for males showed no significant effects. It was concluded that affective, personal and demographic factors promoted effects in DPCE only in females.
This study evaluated the presence of inaccuracy of body image estimation and its possible interac... more This study evaluated the presence of inaccuracy of body image estimation and its possible interactions with the practice of physical activity and the nutritional status in adolescents. A total of three hundred and seventy five adolescents (191 boys and 184 girls), responded the Figurate Scale and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and had their weight and height measured. The girls showed more inaccuracy than boys. No was observed physical activity effect, but a significant effect of nutritional status with the undernutrition group presenting lower levels of inaccuracy compared to the other groups. The results of this study demonstrate that in this sample, inaccuracy of body image estimation was strictly related to nutritional status, but not to physical activity.
Psicologia Teoria e Pesquisa
This study aimed to obtain evidence of the construct validity and the reliability of the Figure R... more This study aimed to obtain evidence of the construct validity and the reliability of the Figure Rating Scales developed by Kakeshita (2008) applied to Brazilian adolescents. After conducting the test-retest in 112 participants with an interval of one month, the results showed that the scales were able to discriminate the different groups of nutritional status in both sexes; showed significant correlation between current BMI, desired BMI and dissatisfaction; and coefficients of elevated intraclass correlation, indicating that the instrument is suitable for assessing body image in this age group.
Com o objetivo de reunir em uma mesma obra pesquisadores brasileiros que fazem uma análise do com... more Com o objetivo de reunir em uma mesma obra pesquisadores brasileiros que fazem uma análise do comportamento alimentar de um ponto de vista psicobiológico, ou seja, observando o comportamento resultante da interação de fatores biológicos e comportamentais, Psicobiologia do Comportamento Alimentar vem suprir a carência de uma publicação que aborde o comportamento alimentar como uma área de conhecimento interdisciplinar.Fatores fisiológicos e neuroquímicos foram praticamente os únicos a explicar o comportamento alimentar antes que o avanço da ciência do comportamento permitisse o acréscimo de outros fatores que também participam do ato de se alimentar, como motivação, emoção, aprendizagem, percepção sensorial, apetite e saciedade. Esse fato demonstra que o comportamento alimentar é, por excelência, uma área multidisciplinar, mas, sobretudo, uma área do conhecimento interdisciplinar, que precisa da relação entre as disciplinas para um melhor desenvolvimento.
Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria e Desempenho Humano, 2015
Nutritional Neuroscience, 2015
Objectives This study aimed to compare the effects of environmental enrichment in nourished (on a... more Objectives This study aimed to compare the effects of environmental enrichment in nourished (on a diet containing 16% protein) and malnourished (on a diet containing 6% protein) rats during the critical period of brain development, specifically focusing on the optic nerve. Methods By means of morphologic and morphometric assessment of the optic nerve, we analyzed the changes caused by diet and stimulation (environmental enrichment) on postnatal day 35, a time point ideal for such morphological analysis since developmental processes are considered complete at this age. Results Malnourished animals presented low body and brain weights and high body-to-brain weight ratio compared to well-nourished rats. Furthermore, malnourished animals showed morphological changes in the optic nerve such as edema and vacuolization characterized by increased interstitial space. The malnourished-stimulated group presented lesions characteristic of early protein malnutrition but were milder than lesions exhibited by malnourished-non-stimulated group. The morphometric analysis revealed no difference in glial cell density between groups, but there was significantly higher blood vessel density in the stimulated rats, independent of their nutritional condition. Discussion Our data indicate that protein malnutrition imposed during the critical period of brain development alters the cytoarchitecture of the optic nerve. In addition, we affirm that a 1-hour exposure to an enriched environment everyday was sufficient for tissue preservation in rats maintained on a low-protein diet. This protective effect might be related to angiogenesis, as confirmed by the increased vascular density observed in morphometric analyses.
Psychology and Neuroscience, 2014
Estudos de Psicologia (Natal), 2013
Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica, 2010
Nutritional Neuroscience, 2002
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2011
Nutrire Rev. Soc. Bras. Aliment. Nutr, 2008
Base de dados : LILACS. Pesquisa : 485116 [Identificador único]. Referências encontradas : 1 [ref... more Base de dados : LILACS. Pesquisa : 485116 [Identificador único]. Referências encontradas : 1 [refinar]. Mostrando: 1 .. 1 no formato [Detalhado]. página 1 de 1, 1 / 1, LILACS, seleciona. para imprimir. Fotocópia. Almeida, Sebastiao de Sousa. Texto completo. ...