SHAHAB PAPI | University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences (original) (raw)

Papers by SHAHAB PAPI

Menopausal Review

Introduction: Isolation and self-quarantine can expose individuals, particularly older people, to... more Introduction: Isolation and self-quarantine can expose individuals, particularly older people, to cognitive and physical decline. Due to a reduction in their musculoskeletal and neural flexibility, older adults are more likely to be affected by quarantine limitations. This study aimed to investigate the effect of self-quarantine on cognitive and balance performance of older women during the COVID-19 outbreak. Material and methods: In a convenience sampling method, a total of 75 older adult women were recruited in this ex post facto study. The mini-mental state exam, single leg stance test, and timed up and go test were used to assess cognitive functions, static, and dynamic balance, respectively. Fall risk was measured by the Johns Hopkins assessment tool. Evaluations were performed before and after 7 months of quarantine due to the COVID-19 outbreak (November 2019-June 2020), in which volunteers were at the lowest level of physical and social interaction. Results: No significant difference was observed in the mean static balance performance of the older adult women between the baseline and quarantine phases [p = 0.095, t (df) =-1.69]. The dynamic balance performance [p < 0.001, t (df) = 5.6] and cognitive status (p < 0.001, t =-7.4) decreased and the fall rate increased [p < 0.001, t (df) = 7.35] after 7 months of quarantine. Conclusions: It seems that self-quarantine can cause a decline in cognitive functions and dynamic balance performance of older women. It implies that the decrease in social interactions and physical activities caused by the limitations of self-quarantine put individuals at greater risk of cognitive impairment and increase their falling rate by impairing dynamic balance.

International Immunopharmacology

Archives of Hygiene Sciences, 2021

Background & Aims of the Study: This study aimed to determine the relationship between fear of fa... more Background & Aims of the Study: This study aimed to determine the relationship between fear of falling, mental wellbeing, and depression in the elderly with cardiovascular disease. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 283 elderly selected per the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The required data were collected using the Center of Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I), and the World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5). Data were analyzed in SPSS using descriptive statistics and regression analysis methods. The significance level was considered 0.05. Results: The obtained results suggested that gender, place of residence, mental wellbeing, and depression were significantly associated with fear of falling in the examined sample (P<0.001). Furthermore, for every 10 units of welfare increase, the average fear of falling in the elderly decreases by 2 units. Additionally, on average, the fear of falling for the elderly females was 1.55 points higher than that in their male counterparts. Moreover, the average fear of falling for the elderly who were depressed was 3.37 points higher than that in the elderly without depression. Eventually, the average fear of falling in the elderly who lived in urban areas was 2.68 points higher than that in the elderly who lived in rural areas. Conclusion: Based on the current research findings, depression and mental wellbeing were predictors of fear of falling; thus, they can be considered as effective factors in interventions to reduce the fear of falling and falling in the elderly.

Social Work in Public Health, 2021

ABSTRACT Background and Objective: Assessment of sleep quality is necessary in the older adults’ ... more ABSTRACT Background and Objective: Assessment of sleep quality is necessary in the older adults’ management program so that good sleep quality will lead to a successful older adult’s life. The present study aims to determine the relationship between life satisfaction and quality of sleep and its dimensions among the older adults’ population residing in Qom city, Iran. Method: This was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study conducted in 2018. The population of the study consisted of older adults resident Qom, of whom 679 were selected by simple sampling. The data were collected using demographic characteristics, Life Satisfaction Inventory-Z(LSI-Z) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data were analyzed with statistical package SPSS (version 22) using independent t-test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The mean ± standard deviation (SD)of the older adults was 70.43 ± 7.62 years. Mean of life satisfaction score and sleep quality were 13.00 ± 3.00 and 10.00 ± 3.00, respectively. There was a significant relationship between life satisfaction and sleep quality (P < .001). Moreover, life satisfaction was associated with the use of hypnotic drugs, mental sleep quality, daily functional disorders, and sleep disorders (P < .001). There was a significant relationship between sleep duration (P = .003) and delay to fall asleep (P = .048) with life satisfaction. However, there was no significant relationship between life satisfaction and sleep efficiency (P = .226). Conclusion: Our findings showed that sleep quality was not desirable in older adults. On the other hand, sleep quality and its dimensions were related to the satisfaction of life among the older adults. It is necessary to utilize solutions to improve the sleep quality in the older adults’ community.

Iranian Journal of Ageing, 2021

Objectives: Healthy lifestyle along with spirituality affect the physical and mental health of ol... more Objectives: Healthy lifestyle along with spirituality affect the physical and mental health of older adults. Regarding the older clergymen’s experience of spiritual life, this study aims to evaluate the role of health-promoting lifestyle in predicting cognitive status of older clergymen. Methods & Materials: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 190 older clergymen living in Qom, Iran who were selected using a convenience sampling method and based on the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II and Mini-Mental State Exam were used to collect data. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS V. 22 software using descriptive and inferential statistics (Correlation test, linear regression analysis, independent t-test, and ANOVA). The significance level was set at 0.05. Results: The mean age of participants was 70.55±6.86. There was a significant positive relationship between health-promoting lifestyle and cognitive status (r= 0.295, P= 0.001). The results ...

When a recurrent neural network language model is used for caption generation, the image informat... more When a recurrent neural network language model is used for caption generation, the image information can be fed to the neural network either by directly incorporating it in the RNN-conditioning the language model by 'injecting' image features-or in a layer following the RNNconditioning the language model by 'merging' image features. While both options are attested in the literature, there is as yet no systematic comparison between the two. In this paper we empirically show that it is not especially detrimental to performance whether one architecture is used or another. The merge architecture does have practical advantages, as conditioning by merging allows the RNN's hidden state vector to shrink in size by up to four times. Our results suggest that the visual and linguistic modalities for caption generation need not be jointly encoded by the RNN as that yields large, memory-intensive models with few tangible advantages in performance; rather, the multimodal integration should be delayed to a subsequent stage.

Elderly Health Journal, 2021

Introduction: Increasing age is one of the most important predictors of mortality among aged popu... more Introduction: Increasing age is one of the most important predictors of mortality among aged population. Therefore, determining the causes of death among older people could be imperative. The purpose of this study was to investigate non-communicable disease mortality among a sample of older people in Iran from 2007 to 2018. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study that applied census sampling technique to investigate 1202 Medical Records of older adults (60 ≤ years old) died during 2007-2018 at three hospitals of Khuzestan province, Iran. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 24 software. Results: The mean age of participants was 77.4 ± 8.38. Of whom 50.7 % were male. The highest number of deaths were related to the internal ward (41.4%), CCU (29.3%) and ICU (25.6%), respectively. In addition, Angina pectoris, Respiratory disease and Cerebrovascular Accident were the most important cause of death among aged population. Also, the history of hospitalization (87.1%)...

Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery, 2021

Introduction: Oral health plays an important role in determining food intake patterns, meeting nu... more Introduction: Oral health plays an important role in determining food intake patterns, meeting nutritional needs, and consequently keeping the health of the elderly and their quality of life. Health literacy is also one of the biggest determinants that significantly impacts disease prevention in the elderly. Objective: This study aimed to determine oral health status and the relationship between health literacy and nutritional status in the elderly referring to health centers in Tabriz City, Iran. Materials and Methods: This research is a cross-sectional analytical study performed on 300 older people in Tabriz in 2020. Data collection tools included the geriatric oral health assessment index, seniors in the community: risk evaluation for eating and nutrition, health literacy for Iranian adults, and demographic information questionnaire. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics were used to sort out the data. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to check the data normality, and then sim...

Traffic Injury Prevention, 2021

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2021

Taurine (Tau) has modulatory effects on inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers; however, th... more Taurine (Tau) has modulatory effects on inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers; however, the results of clinical studies are not comprehensive enough to determine the effect of different durations and doses of Tau supplementation on inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers. The current study was conducted based on the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. For this purpose, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Embase databases were systematically searched to obtain the relevant studies published before 30th March 2021. Meta-analysis was performed on controlled clinical trials by using the random-effects method. Non-linear relationship between variables and effect size was performed using dose–response and time–response analyses. The Cochrane Collaboration’s tool was used to evaluate the quality of included studies. Tau supplementation can reduce the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) (SMD = −1.17 µmol/l; 95% CI: −2.08, − 0.26; P = 0.012) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (SMD = −1.95 mg/l; 95% CI: −3.20, − 0.71; P = 0.002). There have been no significant effects of Tau supplementation on the levels of tumor necrosis factors-alpha (TNF-α) (SMD = −0.18 pg/ml; 95% CI: −0.56, 0.21; P = 0.368), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) (SMD = −0.49 pg/ml; 95% CI: −1.13, 0.16; P = 0.141). Besides, Tau has more alleviating effect on oxidative stress and inflammation on 56 days after supplementation (P < 0.05). Tau can decrease the levels of CRP and MDA. Based on the currently available evidence, Tau has no significant effect on the level of TNF-α and IL-6. Eight-week of Tau supplementation has more beneficial effects on inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2021

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cuminum Cyminum (CC) is a traditional herbal medicine using as an ... more ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cuminum Cyminum (CC) is a traditional herbal medicine using as an antiseptic, anti-carcinogenic, anti-mutagenic, anti-cancer, anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. Recently hypoglycemic characteristics of CC have been indicated. AIM OF THE STUDY We intended to conduct a meta-analysis on the effect of CC supplementation on glycemic parameters in patients with different chronic diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched until May 2021. Random effect model was conducted to perform the meta-analysis. Source of heterogeneity was explored using the meta-regression and subgroup analyses. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool was used to assess the quality of studies. The GRADE approach was used to assess the quality of evidence. RESULTS Findings of eight studies showed that CC supplementation reduced FBS (SMD = -1.4 mg/dl; 95 % CI: -2.29, -0.51; P = 0.002), HbA1c (SMD = -1.71 %; 95 % CI: -3.24, -0.18; P = 0.028), and HOMA-β (SMD = 0.46; 95 % CI: -0.62, 1.55; P = 0.404) significantly. Also, CC increased QUICKI level (SMD = 0.89; 95 % CI: 0.37, 1.4; P = 0.001. However, no significant effect of CC was observed on insulin (SMD = -0.70 μIU/dl; 95 % CI: -1.84, 0.45; P = 0.234) and HOMA-IR (SMD = 0.46; 95 % CI: -0.62, 1.55; P = 0.404). CONCLUSION CC had an improving effect on FBS, HbA1C, HOMA-B, and QUICKI. The effect of CC on amending HOMA-IR was significant after sensitivity analysis. However, the insulin level was not changed significantly.

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, 2021

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Silent information regulator 1 (Sirt1) involved in histone stability, transcr... more BACKGROUND AND AIMS Silent information regulator 1 (Sirt1) involved in histone stability, transcriptional activity, and translocation. This systematic review aimed to summarize the effects of Resveratrol on Sirt1 expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Electronic databases including Scopus, Medline and web of knowledge were searched up to March 2020. RESULTS Out of 801 studies identified in our search finally 12 articles included. Totally six studies evaluated the effects of resveratrol on SIRT1 gene expression, and six articles investigate protein expression. CONCLUSION The results of the included studies showed that resveratrol supplementation had beneficial effects on protein and gene expression of SIRT1.

Menopausal Review, 2021

Introduction: The population of older adults is increasing as science progresses and health condi... more Introduction: The population of older adults is increasing as science progresses and health conditions improve. Social, psychological and behavioral factors will influence life satisfaction in older adults. We aimed to assess multiple factors associated with life satisfaction in older adults in Qom city, Iran. Material and methods: It was a descriptive-analytical study which has conducted on 679 older adults through convenience sampling from Qom city, Iran during 2018. The data were collected using demographic characteristics, life satisfaction, well-being, cognitive status, social support, and daily activities of life questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 22 software and independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. Results: The mean older adult's age was 70.43 ± 7.62 years. The mean life satisfaction score was 13.77 ± 3.73. The results showed a significant relationship of job and education with life satisfaction (p < 0.001). The results also showed that social support (p = 0.001) and daily activities (p = 0.017) significantly predict the level of life satisfaction, and the dimensions of health (p = 0.001) and cognitive status (p = 0.007) have a larger share in predicting the satisfaction of older adults' life. Conclusions: We found that some parts of life changes in older adults can be predicted with the help of social support, health status, cognitive status, and everyday life activities. Therefore, in order to increase the level of life satisfaction of older adults, it is suggested that promotion of social support, health status, and cognitive status be provided.

Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery, 2021

Introduction: Regular physical activity is very effective in preventing or delaying chronic disea... more Introduction: Regular physical activity is very effective in preventing or delaying chronic diseases and premature death in the elderly. Objective: This study aimed to compare the effect of face-to-face education and e-learning methods on the physical activity of the elderly. Materials and Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study conducted in Karaj, Iran in 2018. The participants were 88 elderly people referred to a senior rehab center and then were assigned into three groups of face-to-face education (n=30), e-learning (n=28), and control (n=30).The study data were collected by a demographic form and the 41-item community healthy activities program for seniors questionnaire (CHAMPS) before the intervention, 1 month after the intervention, and 3-month follow-up. Face-to-face education and e-learning were presented to the two educational groups’ during eight 20-minute sessions. The obtained data were analyzed using ANOVA, Bonferroni post hoc test, the Chi-square test, and repeated...

Research Journal of Medical Sciences, 2020

Malnutrition is a common problem among nursing homes elderly people. The current study evaluated ... more Malnutrition is a common problem among nursing homes elderly people. The current study evaluated nutritional status, using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and general health, using General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) in all nursing homes elderly people of Ahvaz in 2016. This cross-sectional study recruited 130 nursing homes elderly people, comprised of 44 males (33.8%) and 86 females (66.2%) at average of 70.0±7.8 years. The MNA was performed to estimate functional, cognitive and nutritional status and GHQ-12 was completed to general health assessing. SPSS Software was used for data analysis. According to the MNA questionnaire, 13.1% of the elderly were malnourished, 60.0% at risk of malnutrition and 26.9% well nourished. Weight loss, mobility, BMI and Neuropsychological problems showed the strong correlations to total MNA score. One hundred twenty nine elderly people (99.26%) had undesirable general health status (score<3.5). Considering the high percentage of elderly people with malnutrition or at risk of malnutrition and undesirable general health status, the need for intervention, especially, nutritional and psychological intervention is obvious.

Journal of Holistic Nursing and Midwifery, 2019

Iranian Rehabilitation Journal, 2019

Physical activity in late life may be a continuity of activity pattern in the early stages of lif... more Physical activity in late life may be a continuity of activity pattern in the early stages of life. The current study aimed to assess physical activity levels in former Iranian sportsmen and athletes, in 2016. Methods: This cross-sectional study used convenience sampling method to select 223 former Iranian sportsmen and athletes living in Tehran City, Iran. Informed consents were obtained from all study participants before the study. The short-form Persian version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used for assessing physical activity. To achieve demographic information, a demographic data Questionnaire was used. For analyzing the obtained data, SPSS was used. Results: The Mean±SD age of the study participants was 70.81±8.29 years. In total, 5.8%, 42%, and 52.9% of the former athletes had less than 10 minutes of walking, moderate-and vigorous-intensity physical activity, respectively. About 4.9% of the individuals reported walking on a regular basis and none of them reported daily moderate-and vigorousintensity physical activity. Moreover, 8.5% of the individuals failed to report walking for at least 10 min/d. Totally, 43.5% of the individuals reported no moderate-intensity physical activity and about 56.1% of them did not participate in any vigorous-intensity physical activities. Furthermore, 31.4, 8.5, and 5.8 of the athletes reported walking, moderate-and vigorous-intensity physical activity for more than 150 minutes per week, respectively. According to the three types of activity defined by the IPAQ, 49% of the athletes were inactive, 36.3% were minimally active and about 15% were physically active. Physical activity decreased with increasing age (P<0.01; r=-0.529) and had a direct relationship with educational level (P<0.01; r=0.278). Discussion: The findings highlight the importance of considering active intervention programs at younger ages to ensure better leisure participation of the elderly, especially in physical activity.

Salmand, 2018

Introduction: Sleep quality is an important indicator in many geriatric diseases. As people age, ... more Introduction: Sleep quality is an important indicator in many geriatric diseases. As people age, changes happen in the quality and structure of sleep, which lead to sleep disorders and complications. The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of sleep disorder in elderly people living in senior care homes. Methods: This Cross sectional study was carried out on a sample of 130 elderly residents of senior care homes in the Ahvaz city. Samples were selected by available sampling method and according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Pittsburgh's sleep quality questionnaire, general health questionnaire (12 questions form), knee pain questionnaire, social support questionnaire, and demographic characteristic checklist were used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using stepwise linear regression analysis through SPSS22 software. Results: In this study, 33/8% (n=44) of participants were men and 66/2% (n=86) were women. The mean (±SD) age of subjects was 68±7/8 years. In total, 13.8% of the samples had low level of sleep disorder, 81.5% had moderate level of sleep disorder and 4.6% had severe level of sleep disorder. Based on the fitted regression model (P < 0.001, F = 7.24) it was found that, multiple disease (β = 0.20), perceived social support (β =-0.26), joint stiffness (β=0.25) and knee pain (β = 0.24) were the effective and significant predictors of sleep disorder in the elderly people, and explained 18.9% of the changes in this variable. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that 86.1% of the elderly had sleep disorder. Perceived social support, joint stiffness and knee pain, and multiple diseases were suffering from elderly sleep disorder determinants. According to the Perceived social support, joint stiffness, knee pain, and multiple diseases were predictors of sleep disorder in the elderly people.

Menopausal Review

Introduction: The activities of daily living (ADLs) are a set of basic skills necessary for self-... more Introduction: The activities of daily living (ADLs) are a set of basic skills necessary for self-care. The inability of elderly people to perform ADLs leads to dependence, insecure conditions, and poor quality of life. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all aspects of the daily life of the elderly. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with ADLs among elderly people during the COVID-19 pandemic using structural equation modelling/path analysis. Material and methods: It was a descriptive-analytical study which had conducted on 487 elderly people who were selected randomly to participate in the study. Data collection tools included a demographic information questionnaire, an activities of daily living questionnaire, a knee pain and personal performance questionnaire Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC), and the falls efficacy scale, which were completed by interview and self-report methods. SPSS-22 and AMOS software were used for data analysis. Results: Two structures of the fear of falling (FOF) and knee pain and personal performance questionnaire WOMAC had a significant role in explaining the ADL variance among the studied elderly people (p < 0.001, root mean square error of approximation = 0.063). These variables explained 64% of the ADL variance. Conclusions: The structures of this model (FOF and WOMAC) can be used as a reference framework to design effective interventions for improving ADLs among elderly people during the COVID-19 epidemic. It is also recommended that a multi-component program be provided, which includes exercise and psychological strategies for this population during the COVID-19 pandemic through online videos, distance health programs, etc.

Menopausal Review

Introduction: Isolation and self-quarantine can expose individuals, particularly older people, to... more Introduction: Isolation and self-quarantine can expose individuals, particularly older people, to cognitive and physical decline. Due to a reduction in their musculoskeletal and neural flexibility, older adults are more likely to be affected by quarantine limitations. This study aimed to investigate the effect of self-quarantine on cognitive and balance performance of older women during the COVID-19 outbreak. Material and methods: In a convenience sampling method, a total of 75 older adult women were recruited in this ex post facto study. The mini-mental state exam, single leg stance test, and timed up and go test were used to assess cognitive functions, static, and dynamic balance, respectively. Fall risk was measured by the Johns Hopkins assessment tool. Evaluations were performed before and after 7 months of quarantine due to the COVID-19 outbreak (November 2019-June 2020), in which volunteers were at the lowest level of physical and social interaction. Results: No significant difference was observed in the mean static balance performance of the older adult women between the baseline and quarantine phases [p = 0.095, t (df) =-1.69]. The dynamic balance performance [p < 0.001, t (df) = 5.6] and cognitive status (p < 0.001, t =-7.4) decreased and the fall rate increased [p < 0.001, t (df) = 7.35] after 7 months of quarantine. Conclusions: It seems that self-quarantine can cause a decline in cognitive functions and dynamic balance performance of older women. It implies that the decrease in social interactions and physical activities caused by the limitations of self-quarantine put individuals at greater risk of cognitive impairment and increase their falling rate by impairing dynamic balance.

International Immunopharmacology

Archives of Hygiene Sciences, 2021

Background & Aims of the Study: This study aimed to determine the relationship between fear of fa... more Background & Aims of the Study: This study aimed to determine the relationship between fear of falling, mental wellbeing, and depression in the elderly with cardiovascular disease. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 283 elderly selected per the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The required data were collected using the Center of Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I), and the World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5). Data were analyzed in SPSS using descriptive statistics and regression analysis methods. The significance level was considered 0.05. Results: The obtained results suggested that gender, place of residence, mental wellbeing, and depression were significantly associated with fear of falling in the examined sample (P<0.001). Furthermore, for every 10 units of welfare increase, the average fear of falling in the elderly decreases by 2 units. Additionally, on average, the fear of falling for the elderly females was 1.55 points higher than that in their male counterparts. Moreover, the average fear of falling for the elderly who were depressed was 3.37 points higher than that in the elderly without depression. Eventually, the average fear of falling in the elderly who lived in urban areas was 2.68 points higher than that in the elderly who lived in rural areas. Conclusion: Based on the current research findings, depression and mental wellbeing were predictors of fear of falling; thus, they can be considered as effective factors in interventions to reduce the fear of falling and falling in the elderly.

Social Work in Public Health, 2021

ABSTRACT Background and Objective: Assessment of sleep quality is necessary in the older adults’ ... more ABSTRACT Background and Objective: Assessment of sleep quality is necessary in the older adults’ management program so that good sleep quality will lead to a successful older adult’s life. The present study aims to determine the relationship between life satisfaction and quality of sleep and its dimensions among the older adults’ population residing in Qom city, Iran. Method: This was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study conducted in 2018. The population of the study consisted of older adults resident Qom, of whom 679 were selected by simple sampling. The data were collected using demographic characteristics, Life Satisfaction Inventory-Z(LSI-Z) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data were analyzed with statistical package SPSS (version 22) using independent t-test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The mean ± standard deviation (SD)of the older adults was 70.43 ± 7.62 years. Mean of life satisfaction score and sleep quality were 13.00 ± 3.00 and 10.00 ± 3.00, respectively. There was a significant relationship between life satisfaction and sleep quality (P < .001). Moreover, life satisfaction was associated with the use of hypnotic drugs, mental sleep quality, daily functional disorders, and sleep disorders (P < .001). There was a significant relationship between sleep duration (P = .003) and delay to fall asleep (P = .048) with life satisfaction. However, there was no significant relationship between life satisfaction and sleep efficiency (P = .226). Conclusion: Our findings showed that sleep quality was not desirable in older adults. On the other hand, sleep quality and its dimensions were related to the satisfaction of life among the older adults. It is necessary to utilize solutions to improve the sleep quality in the older adults’ community.

Iranian Journal of Ageing, 2021

Objectives: Healthy lifestyle along with spirituality affect the physical and mental health of ol... more Objectives: Healthy lifestyle along with spirituality affect the physical and mental health of older adults. Regarding the older clergymen’s experience of spiritual life, this study aims to evaluate the role of health-promoting lifestyle in predicting cognitive status of older clergymen. Methods & Materials: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 190 older clergymen living in Qom, Iran who were selected using a convenience sampling method and based on the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II and Mini-Mental State Exam were used to collect data. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS V. 22 software using descriptive and inferential statistics (Correlation test, linear regression analysis, independent t-test, and ANOVA). The significance level was set at 0.05. Results: The mean age of participants was 70.55±6.86. There was a significant positive relationship between health-promoting lifestyle and cognitive status (r= 0.295, P= 0.001). The results ...

When a recurrent neural network language model is used for caption generation, the image informat... more When a recurrent neural network language model is used for caption generation, the image information can be fed to the neural network either by directly incorporating it in the RNN-conditioning the language model by 'injecting' image features-or in a layer following the RNNconditioning the language model by 'merging' image features. While both options are attested in the literature, there is as yet no systematic comparison between the two. In this paper we empirically show that it is not especially detrimental to performance whether one architecture is used or another. The merge architecture does have practical advantages, as conditioning by merging allows the RNN's hidden state vector to shrink in size by up to four times. Our results suggest that the visual and linguistic modalities for caption generation need not be jointly encoded by the RNN as that yields large, memory-intensive models with few tangible advantages in performance; rather, the multimodal integration should be delayed to a subsequent stage.

Elderly Health Journal, 2021

Introduction: Increasing age is one of the most important predictors of mortality among aged popu... more Introduction: Increasing age is one of the most important predictors of mortality among aged population. Therefore, determining the causes of death among older people could be imperative. The purpose of this study was to investigate non-communicable disease mortality among a sample of older people in Iran from 2007 to 2018. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study that applied census sampling technique to investigate 1202 Medical Records of older adults (60 ≤ years old) died during 2007-2018 at three hospitals of Khuzestan province, Iran. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 24 software. Results: The mean age of participants was 77.4 ± 8.38. Of whom 50.7 % were male. The highest number of deaths were related to the internal ward (41.4%), CCU (29.3%) and ICU (25.6%), respectively. In addition, Angina pectoris, Respiratory disease and Cerebrovascular Accident were the most important cause of death among aged population. Also, the history of hospitalization (87.1%)...

Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery, 2021

Introduction: Oral health plays an important role in determining food intake patterns, meeting nu... more Introduction: Oral health plays an important role in determining food intake patterns, meeting nutritional needs, and consequently keeping the health of the elderly and their quality of life. Health literacy is also one of the biggest determinants that significantly impacts disease prevention in the elderly. Objective: This study aimed to determine oral health status and the relationship between health literacy and nutritional status in the elderly referring to health centers in Tabriz City, Iran. Materials and Methods: This research is a cross-sectional analytical study performed on 300 older people in Tabriz in 2020. Data collection tools included the geriatric oral health assessment index, seniors in the community: risk evaluation for eating and nutrition, health literacy for Iranian adults, and demographic information questionnaire. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics were used to sort out the data. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to check the data normality, and then sim...

Traffic Injury Prevention, 2021

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2021

Taurine (Tau) has modulatory effects on inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers; however, th... more Taurine (Tau) has modulatory effects on inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers; however, the results of clinical studies are not comprehensive enough to determine the effect of different durations and doses of Tau supplementation on inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers. The current study was conducted based on the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. For this purpose, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Embase databases were systematically searched to obtain the relevant studies published before 30th March 2021. Meta-analysis was performed on controlled clinical trials by using the random-effects method. Non-linear relationship between variables and effect size was performed using dose–response and time–response analyses. The Cochrane Collaboration’s tool was used to evaluate the quality of included studies. Tau supplementation can reduce the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) (SMD = −1.17 µmol/l; 95% CI: −2.08, − 0.26; P = 0.012) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (SMD = −1.95 mg/l; 95% CI: −3.20, − 0.71; P = 0.002). There have been no significant effects of Tau supplementation on the levels of tumor necrosis factors-alpha (TNF-α) (SMD = −0.18 pg/ml; 95% CI: −0.56, 0.21; P = 0.368), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) (SMD = −0.49 pg/ml; 95% CI: −1.13, 0.16; P = 0.141). Besides, Tau has more alleviating effect on oxidative stress and inflammation on 56 days after supplementation (P < 0.05). Tau can decrease the levels of CRP and MDA. Based on the currently available evidence, Tau has no significant effect on the level of TNF-α and IL-6. Eight-week of Tau supplementation has more beneficial effects on inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers.

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2021

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cuminum Cyminum (CC) is a traditional herbal medicine using as an ... more ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cuminum Cyminum (CC) is a traditional herbal medicine using as an antiseptic, anti-carcinogenic, anti-mutagenic, anti-cancer, anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. Recently hypoglycemic characteristics of CC have been indicated. AIM OF THE STUDY We intended to conduct a meta-analysis on the effect of CC supplementation on glycemic parameters in patients with different chronic diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched until May 2021. Random effect model was conducted to perform the meta-analysis. Source of heterogeneity was explored using the meta-regression and subgroup analyses. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool was used to assess the quality of studies. The GRADE approach was used to assess the quality of evidence. RESULTS Findings of eight studies showed that CC supplementation reduced FBS (SMD = -1.4 mg/dl; 95 % CI: -2.29, -0.51; P = 0.002), HbA1c (SMD = -1.71 %; 95 % CI: -3.24, -0.18; P = 0.028), and HOMA-β (SMD = 0.46; 95 % CI: -0.62, 1.55; P = 0.404) significantly. Also, CC increased QUICKI level (SMD = 0.89; 95 % CI: 0.37, 1.4; P = 0.001. However, no significant effect of CC was observed on insulin (SMD = -0.70 μIU/dl; 95 % CI: -1.84, 0.45; P = 0.234) and HOMA-IR (SMD = 0.46; 95 % CI: -0.62, 1.55; P = 0.404). CONCLUSION CC had an improving effect on FBS, HbA1C, HOMA-B, and QUICKI. The effect of CC on amending HOMA-IR was significant after sensitivity analysis. However, the insulin level was not changed significantly.

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, 2021

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Silent information regulator 1 (Sirt1) involved in histone stability, transcr... more BACKGROUND AND AIMS Silent information regulator 1 (Sirt1) involved in histone stability, transcriptional activity, and translocation. This systematic review aimed to summarize the effects of Resveratrol on Sirt1 expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Electronic databases including Scopus, Medline and web of knowledge were searched up to March 2020. RESULTS Out of 801 studies identified in our search finally 12 articles included. Totally six studies evaluated the effects of resveratrol on SIRT1 gene expression, and six articles investigate protein expression. CONCLUSION The results of the included studies showed that resveratrol supplementation had beneficial effects on protein and gene expression of SIRT1.

Menopausal Review, 2021

Introduction: The population of older adults is increasing as science progresses and health condi... more Introduction: The population of older adults is increasing as science progresses and health conditions improve. Social, psychological and behavioral factors will influence life satisfaction in older adults. We aimed to assess multiple factors associated with life satisfaction in older adults in Qom city, Iran. Material and methods: It was a descriptive-analytical study which has conducted on 679 older adults through convenience sampling from Qom city, Iran during 2018. The data were collected using demographic characteristics, life satisfaction, well-being, cognitive status, social support, and daily activities of life questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 22 software and independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. Results: The mean older adult's age was 70.43 ± 7.62 years. The mean life satisfaction score was 13.77 ± 3.73. The results showed a significant relationship of job and education with life satisfaction (p < 0.001). The results also showed that social support (p = 0.001) and daily activities (p = 0.017) significantly predict the level of life satisfaction, and the dimensions of health (p = 0.001) and cognitive status (p = 0.007) have a larger share in predicting the satisfaction of older adults' life. Conclusions: We found that some parts of life changes in older adults can be predicted with the help of social support, health status, cognitive status, and everyday life activities. Therefore, in order to increase the level of life satisfaction of older adults, it is suggested that promotion of social support, health status, and cognitive status be provided.

Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery, 2021

Introduction: Regular physical activity is very effective in preventing or delaying chronic disea... more Introduction: Regular physical activity is very effective in preventing or delaying chronic diseases and premature death in the elderly. Objective: This study aimed to compare the effect of face-to-face education and e-learning methods on the physical activity of the elderly. Materials and Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study conducted in Karaj, Iran in 2018. The participants were 88 elderly people referred to a senior rehab center and then were assigned into three groups of face-to-face education (n=30), e-learning (n=28), and control (n=30).The study data were collected by a demographic form and the 41-item community healthy activities program for seniors questionnaire (CHAMPS) before the intervention, 1 month after the intervention, and 3-month follow-up. Face-to-face education and e-learning were presented to the two educational groups’ during eight 20-minute sessions. The obtained data were analyzed using ANOVA, Bonferroni post hoc test, the Chi-square test, and repeated...

Research Journal of Medical Sciences, 2020

Malnutrition is a common problem among nursing homes elderly people. The current study evaluated ... more Malnutrition is a common problem among nursing homes elderly people. The current study evaluated nutritional status, using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and general health, using General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) in all nursing homes elderly people of Ahvaz in 2016. This cross-sectional study recruited 130 nursing homes elderly people, comprised of 44 males (33.8%) and 86 females (66.2%) at average of 70.0±7.8 years. The MNA was performed to estimate functional, cognitive and nutritional status and GHQ-12 was completed to general health assessing. SPSS Software was used for data analysis. According to the MNA questionnaire, 13.1% of the elderly were malnourished, 60.0% at risk of malnutrition and 26.9% well nourished. Weight loss, mobility, BMI and Neuropsychological problems showed the strong correlations to total MNA score. One hundred twenty nine elderly people (99.26%) had undesirable general health status (score<3.5). Considering the high percentage of elderly people with malnutrition or at risk of malnutrition and undesirable general health status, the need for intervention, especially, nutritional and psychological intervention is obvious.

Journal of Holistic Nursing and Midwifery, 2019

Iranian Rehabilitation Journal, 2019

Physical activity in late life may be a continuity of activity pattern in the early stages of lif... more Physical activity in late life may be a continuity of activity pattern in the early stages of life. The current study aimed to assess physical activity levels in former Iranian sportsmen and athletes, in 2016. Methods: This cross-sectional study used convenience sampling method to select 223 former Iranian sportsmen and athletes living in Tehran City, Iran. Informed consents were obtained from all study participants before the study. The short-form Persian version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used for assessing physical activity. To achieve demographic information, a demographic data Questionnaire was used. For analyzing the obtained data, SPSS was used. Results: The Mean±SD age of the study participants was 70.81±8.29 years. In total, 5.8%, 42%, and 52.9% of the former athletes had less than 10 minutes of walking, moderate-and vigorous-intensity physical activity, respectively. About 4.9% of the individuals reported walking on a regular basis and none of them reported daily moderate-and vigorousintensity physical activity. Moreover, 8.5% of the individuals failed to report walking for at least 10 min/d. Totally, 43.5% of the individuals reported no moderate-intensity physical activity and about 56.1% of them did not participate in any vigorous-intensity physical activities. Furthermore, 31.4, 8.5, and 5.8 of the athletes reported walking, moderate-and vigorous-intensity physical activity for more than 150 minutes per week, respectively. According to the three types of activity defined by the IPAQ, 49% of the athletes were inactive, 36.3% were minimally active and about 15% were physically active. Physical activity decreased with increasing age (P<0.01; r=-0.529) and had a direct relationship with educational level (P<0.01; r=0.278). Discussion: The findings highlight the importance of considering active intervention programs at younger ages to ensure better leisure participation of the elderly, especially in physical activity.

Salmand, 2018

Introduction: Sleep quality is an important indicator in many geriatric diseases. As people age, ... more Introduction: Sleep quality is an important indicator in many geriatric diseases. As people age, changes happen in the quality and structure of sleep, which lead to sleep disorders and complications. The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of sleep disorder in elderly people living in senior care homes. Methods: This Cross sectional study was carried out on a sample of 130 elderly residents of senior care homes in the Ahvaz city. Samples were selected by available sampling method and according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Pittsburgh's sleep quality questionnaire, general health questionnaire (12 questions form), knee pain questionnaire, social support questionnaire, and demographic characteristic checklist were used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using stepwise linear regression analysis through SPSS22 software. Results: In this study, 33/8% (n=44) of participants were men and 66/2% (n=86) were women. The mean (±SD) age of subjects was 68±7/8 years. In total, 13.8% of the samples had low level of sleep disorder, 81.5% had moderate level of sleep disorder and 4.6% had severe level of sleep disorder. Based on the fitted regression model (P < 0.001, F = 7.24) it was found that, multiple disease (β = 0.20), perceived social support (β =-0.26), joint stiffness (β=0.25) and knee pain (β = 0.24) were the effective and significant predictors of sleep disorder in the elderly people, and explained 18.9% of the changes in this variable. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that 86.1% of the elderly had sleep disorder. Perceived social support, joint stiffness and knee pain, and multiple diseases were suffering from elderly sleep disorder determinants. According to the Perceived social support, joint stiffness, knee pain, and multiple diseases were predictors of sleep disorder in the elderly people.

Menopausal Review

Introduction: The activities of daily living (ADLs) are a set of basic skills necessary for self-... more Introduction: The activities of daily living (ADLs) are a set of basic skills necessary for self-care. The inability of elderly people to perform ADLs leads to dependence, insecure conditions, and poor quality of life. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all aspects of the daily life of the elderly. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with ADLs among elderly people during the COVID-19 pandemic using structural equation modelling/path analysis. Material and methods: It was a descriptive-analytical study which had conducted on 487 elderly people who were selected randomly to participate in the study. Data collection tools included a demographic information questionnaire, an activities of daily living questionnaire, a knee pain and personal performance questionnaire Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC), and the falls efficacy scale, which were completed by interview and self-report methods. SPSS-22 and AMOS software were used for data analysis. Results: Two structures of the fear of falling (FOF) and knee pain and personal performance questionnaire WOMAC had a significant role in explaining the ADL variance among the studied elderly people (p < 0.001, root mean square error of approximation = 0.063). These variables explained 64% of the ADL variance. Conclusions: The structures of this model (FOF and WOMAC) can be used as a reference framework to design effective interventions for improving ADLs among elderly people during the COVID-19 epidemic. It is also recommended that a multi-component program be provided, which includes exercise and psychological strategies for this population during the COVID-19 pandemic through online videos, distance health programs, etc.