Julie Hardwick | The University of Texas at Austin (original) (raw)

Articles by Julie Hardwick

The Routledge History of the Domestic Sphere edited by Joachim Eibach and Margareth Lanzinger, 2020

This essay explores the mundaneness and ubiquity of unwanted sexual contact in many forms in pre-... more This essay explores the mundaneness and ubiquity of unwanted sexual contact in many forms in pre-modern Europe. It argues that domesticity was integrally linked to sexual coercion and exploitation as well as to various more positive connotations and indeed narratives of sexual violence were often framed as peril stories. The porous social spaces and power hierarchies that were intrinsic dynamics of domesticity could encapsulate multiple forms of peril: threats, verbal as well as physical coercion, the use of force, of physical and emotional damage, and lives upended. Sexual violence could touch young and old, male and female, married and single. It touched people outside the porous boundaries of the household. Perpetrators were intimate partners and co-residents as well as outsiders and strangers.

American Historical Review, 2019

https://academic.oup.com/ahr/article-abstract/124/4/1267/5581082?redirectedFrom=fulltext The frac... more https://academic.oup.com/ahr/article-abstract/124/4/1267/5581082?redirectedFrom=fulltext
The fractured nature of emergent domesticity in its first phase in the 1760s was inextricably tied to the perils as well as promises of commerce for individual households in an unpredictable global economy, although historians have focused on the metropolitan roots of domesticity. A microhistorical exploration of the world of a single household in the French city of Lyon brings the fault lines of a globalizing economy, consumption, and domesticity into sharp focus as lived experience. It suggests the uneven terrain of domesticity, in terms of gender, household, and family, as well as for producers and consumers. In the experiences of household members and in the classified advertisements in the local newspaper, fractured domesticity was manifest, the conjugal labor—reproductive and productive—that made global domesticity local was evident, and the centrality of commercial risk as a fault line in domesticity was clarified. The power and limits of “domesticity” as an emotional, cultural, and economic as well as political project were located in familial practice. The potency and limits of domesticity functioned as a system of power that was contingent, layered, and fragmented and that highlighted and elided emotional, reproductive, and productive costs in particular ways at particular times.

In Old Regime France, specific conventions framed young women’s intimate relationships with men. ... more In Old Regime France, specific conventions framed young women’s intimate relationships with men. This essay examines fertility as a site of negotiation and contention. It explores practices of licit, age- and stage-appropriate intimacy during the decade-long phase of emerging adulthood when women were single workers. It examines their efforts to manage intimacy and fertility through a range of ‘remedies’ in the context of official and local attitudes and with their intimate partners. Young women’s fertility provided a marker, a milestone, and a malleable process integral to the ambiguous and complex transition in youthful intimate relations between walking out and matrimony.http://www.oapen.org/search?identifier=1004126;keyword=youth%20women

History Workshop Journal (April 2016)

This article unpacks the contexts and meanings of one extended episode surrounding a notary's wif... more This article unpacks the contexts and meanings of one extended episode surrounding a notary's wife, her husband, their kin, his clients, and the judicial system. It suggests how women as agents and subjects were central in the interlocking web of social relations and laws that maintained a complex, negotiated, and contested, household-based gender hierarchy as a key element of the social and political topography of early modern Trance. The legal disadvantages and exclusions women faced were key elements in the maintenance of an inequitable gender hierarchy. Yet "the law" was a complicated matter involving national decrees promulgated by the monarchy and regional customary laws.

In early modern working communities, young male masculinity was embedded in particular performanc... more In early modern working communities, young male masculinity was embedded in particular performances and practices of licit intimacy. This essay analyzes the specific expectations and parameters for men as well as women through which communities acknowledged and validated expressions of youth sexuality while marking and policing boundaries beyond which youthful courtship could become threatening to household and neighborhood stability. Young men and women were the focus of these efforts just as they themselves participated in the assessment of appropriate behavior. These issues suggest an ongoing negotiation and contestation about what was appropriate for single men and women in terms of intimacy, and a clear sense that a violation of the community norms carried consequences for men as well as women.
Keywords: masculinity, early modern, intimacy, youth, sexuality, Lyon, France

" The Atlantic world is a concept that has created new possibilities for scholarly investigation ... more " The Atlantic world is a concept that has created new possibilities for scholarly investigation and new frameworks for historical interpretation, but not with out a great deal of discussion about what exactly constitutes the Atlantic and whether, in fact, it is a broad enough frame for the kinds of circulations and exchanges among Africa, the Americas, and Europe that characterized the period between roughly 1400 and 1800. And families? Family is cultural, economic, legal, political, social—and even biological. Family can be an idea, an ideology, a strategy, an economic or political unit, and a lived experience. Family is fundamental, yet contextual, contingent, and fungible. Invoking family as a category of analysis opens up and complicates our understanding of the Atlantic world; taking an Atlantic perspective reshapes our understandings of families across a range of cultures."

Few signifiers of the persistence of gender inequality are more potent than the evidence across m... more Few signifiers of the persistence of gender inequality are more potent than the evidence across many centuries of men beating their domestic partners. Yet the historicization of family conflict demands that we interrogate the specific and widely varied dynamics that shaped attitudes toward and experiences of spousal violence. Although a seventeenth-century woman was legally subject to her husband's discipline, wives themselves as well as individuals and institutions in local communities publicly negotiated the parameters of that discipline. A twentieth-century woman living in a community that valorized romantic , companionate, and privatized ideals of marriage was, by contrast, isolated and wary of public acknowledgment of her status as a battered wife. This essay explores the matrix of early modern urban conjugal battery in seventeenth-century France to examine how and why individuals and communities defined the use of force between spouses as they did. Despite clichés about the early modern period's acceptance of wife beating, attitudes toward domestic violence were complex. Certainly, men's aggression toward their wives was naturalized to a degree, and women's violence against their husbands was demonized. 1 But, in practice, women as well as men, in courts and in communities, negotiated parameters for spousal behavior that defined hus-bands' prerogatives in using force. What issues defined some men's behavior * This essay draws on material from a larger research project, " Courting Families: Litigation and the Political Economies of Daily Life in Early Modern France, " that has been generously supported by a summer stipend and a yearlong fellowship from the National Endowment for the Humanities. The University of Texas supplemented these with a Faculty Research Assignment. I have very much appreciated the comments and suggestions of the anonymous journal readers as well as those of many colleagues, especially

Cet article jette les bases d’une analyse historique de la pratique de la banqueroute criminelle ... more Cet article jette les bases d’une analyse historique de la pratique de la banqueroute criminelle à l’époque moderne, à travers une étude rigoureuse des dynamiques des informations judiciaires sur des éventuelles banqueroutes. Il est fondé sur les archives de la « cour de la conservation », qui s’occupait de ces affaires à Lyon, qui était alors une des plus importantes places de commerce en France à l’époque moderne. Il examine ce qui se passait entre l’ouverture de l’enquête légale et l’annonce de la sentence judiciaire, en étudiant les nombreuses étapes et les divers acteurs qui contribuaient à façonner la notion de « banqueroute ». Une telle méthodologie permet de mettre au jour les facettes très variées des affaires et elle révèle les pistes qui ont été abandonnées, les négociations, et l’entremêlement des questions juridiques, familiales et économiques. Cet article dévoile donc quelques-uns des impératifs sociaux, culturels et juridiques qui ont pesé sur l’intensification des pratiques de marché dans la France de l’époque moderne.

English
This article provides a preliminary historicization of the early modern history and practice of criminal “bankruptcy” through a close examination of the dynamics of the legal investigations into possible bankruptcies. It analyzes what happened between the start of a legal inquiry and the announcement of a judicial decision in terms of the many stages and many participants that shaped the construction of “bankruptcy.” Based on records of the court that had jurisdiction, the cour de conservation, in Lyon which was one of the most important commercial centers in early modern France, this methodological attention to unpacking the many elements of the process reveals often elided contingencies and negotiations as well as myriad intersecting legal, familial and economic issues. As a consequence, the essay uncovers some of the many social, cultural and legal imperatives that impacted the development of the early modern intensification of market practices.

A Companion to Gender History, 2006

Twenty-five years ago, Joan Kelly Gadol posed a stark, simple question: did women have a Renaissa... more Twenty-five years ago, Joan Kelly Gadol posed a stark, simple question: did women have a Renaissance? (Kelly Gadol, 1977). Historians' answers to her interrogatory have varied yes, no, depends on whether you look at political or economic life, elite women may have ...

Books by Julie Hardwick

https://global.oup.com/academic/product/sex-in-an-old-regime-city-9780190945183?cc=us&lang=en&, 2020

https://global.oup.com/academic/product/family-business-9780199558070?cc=us&lang=en&