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Papers by Mohd Nasrull Abdol Rahman

Research paper thumbnail of Investigation of ergonomic risk factors in a car tyre service centre

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Research paper thumbnail of Ergonomic Risk Factors associated with Muscuslokeletal Disorders in Computer Workstation

Ergonomics Risk Factors (ERFs) at computer works are commonly related to Musculoskeletal Disorder... more Ergonomics Risk Factors (ERFs) at computer works are commonly related to Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) such as repetitive movements, doing work in awkward postures and static postures while prolonged seating at works. The main objective of this study was to investigate the ergonomic risk factors associated with MSDs among employees in computer workstation. In this study, the data were obtained by structured interview using self-reported questionnaire and direct observation. The results show that there is significant association between neck and stress score with musculoskeletal symptoms and among office workers. As a conclusion, by assessing ERFs at workplace, the effectiveness of workplace interventions can be evaluated without waiting for changes in the prevalence of MSDs.

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Research paper thumbnail of Survey of body part symptoms among workers in a car tyre service centre

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of body part symptoms and sources of ... more The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of body part symptoms and sources of injury/discomfort among workers in a car tyre service centre. Questionnaire survey and interview session were used to identify the level of body discomfort areas and sources of injury or discomfort. From questionnaire survey findings, 12 of respondents have body discomfort in the neck (66.7%%), shoulder (83.3%), elbow/forearm (75%), hand/wrist (91.7%), knee (58.3%), lower leg (75%), ankle/foot (33%) and lower back (30%). The main sources of injury/discomfort in the workplace were poor body posture (75%), bending the back (75%), highly repetitive motions (75%), lifting heavy objects (83.3%), the long-term standing (66.7%), long-term squatting (58.3%), bending the neck (66.7%) and high hand force (58.3%). About 50% reported that poor workplace design also contributed to injury while 41.7% mentioned the use of hand tools. To address modifying the ergonomic hazards, engineering controls and administrative controls can be used. The study will be useful to ergonomists, researchers, consultants, workshop managers, maintenance workers and others concerned with identifying body part symptoms and sources of injury/discomfort at the workplace.

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Research paper thumbnail of WERA: An observational tool develop to investigate the physical risk factor associated with WMSDs

This paper describes the development of the Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment (WERA) for invest... more This paper describes the development of the Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment (WERA) for investigating the physical risk factor associated with work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). The initial development of WERA tool involved the following procedures: (1) first stage, development of WERA prototype from literature review, (2) second stage, evaluation of the psychometric properties including (a) validity trials and (b) reliability and usability trials. In the validity trials, the relationship of the individual WERA body part scores to the development of pain or discomfort is statistically significant for the wrist, shoulder and back regions. It shows that the WERA assessment provided a good indication of work-related musculoskeletal disorders which might be reported as pain, ache or discomfort in the relevant body regions. In the reliability trials, the results of inter-observer reliability shows that moderate agreement among the observers while from the feedback questionnaire survey about the usability of WERA tool, all participants including expert and management teams agreed that the prototype of WERA tool was easy and quick to use, applicable to workplace assessment for the wide range of job/task and valuable at work. It was confirmed that there was no need of training required to do WERA assessment. Therefore, the WERA assessment has been designed for easy and quick use, and for those who are trained to use it do not need previous skills in observation techniques although this would be an advantage. As WERA is a pen and paper technique that can be used without any special equipment, WERA assessment can be done in any space of workplaces without disruption to the task that have been observed.

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Research paper thumbnail of Investigation of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in wall plastering jobs within the construction industry

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the work-related musculoskeletal disorders (W... more Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among workers in wall plastering jobs within the construction industry. Participants: A total of 43 workers within three workplaces participated in the study. Methods: Subjects were interviewed using self-report charts. During the task duration, observation of the workplace was carried out using a Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment (WERA) method. Results: An analysis of WERA assessment, the wrist score for WERA body part was >4 in 86% of workers, while wrist pain or discomfort was reported by 86%, yielding a significant association between WERA body part score and self-reported pain (χ ^{2}= 16.12; p=0.000). The WERA body part score for the shoulder regions during wall plastering job yielded a score > 4 in 93% and caused shoulder pain or discomfort in 91%, the association being significant (χ ^{2}=12.58; p=0.000). The back regions for WERA body part score was >4 in 91% of workers, with 98% reporting pain or back discomfort, with a significant association (χ^{2}=9.98; p=0.002). Conclusions: These results showed that statistically significance for the wrist, shoulder and back regions of the individual WERA body part scores were affecting the worker and lead to the development of pain or discomfort among workers in wall plastering jobs.

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Research paper thumbnail of Risk Assessment for Assessing the Subjective Occupant Seating Discomfort related Office Works

Sustaining any static posture, such as sitting can affect the human body in terms of increasing p... more Sustaining any static posture, such as sitting can affect the human body in terms of increasing pressure on the muscles, ligaments and other soft tissues of the musculoskeletal system. The aims of this study was to propose and develop an ergonomic assessment tool known as the Office Ergonomic Chair Assessment (OFFECA) tool that capable of quantifying subjective occupant sitting discomfort during office works and to evaluate the psychometric properties of the OFFECA tool.

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Research paper thumbnail of Musculoskeletal discomfort among workers in mould making manufacturing industry

Mould making industry is a manufacturer and designer for various kinds of mould such as commodity... more Mould making industry is a manufacturer and designer for various kinds of mould such as commodity mould, packaging mould and furniture mould for other manufacturing processes. Due to the mould manufacturing process, a workers are exposed to the risks of upper limb disorders such as repetitive tasks, uncomfortable work postures and carry out work for long periods without break. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to identify the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among the employee at mould making manufacturing industry. Structured interview using Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaires (CMDQ) were conducted over 35 workers in mould making industry in which the age range was from 23 to 38 years (mean 28.54 ± 4.22 years) while working experience ranges from 1 to 11 years (mean 4.31 years ± 3:09). The results shows that workers in the mould making industry were exposed to ergonomic risk of experiencing discomfort in the upper part of the body such as neck, back body, forearm and wrists that involves an iterative process on a regular basis and work in awkward postures. As a conclusion, this study can be a useful references to ergonomists, researchers, OSH practitioners and others concerned to identify the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in the workplace, especially in the mould making industry and other manufacturing industries.

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Research paper thumbnail of Review on Pen and Paper Based Observational Methods for Assessing Work-related Upper Limb Disorders

This review aims to give an overview of current techniques available for pen and paper based obse... more This review aims to give an overview of current techniques available for pen and paper based observational methods in assessing work-related upper limb disorders. Searched from an electronic database for materials from 1993 until 2015, the methods discovered were based on upper limb disorders, observational method, risk factors and musculoskeletal disorders. The evaluation process for selected publication has been conducted by two researchers. Seven observational methods used to assess exposure to work-related Upper Limb Disorders (ULDs)were identified. The risk factors involved in current techniques of pen and paper based observational tools were postures, force, repetition, vibration, movement, frequency of action and duration. From the seven methods, only three methods were proven to be reliable and rated as moderate to good. For the three methods reviewed, the validity test showed moderate results. Many observational tools exist, but no single tool appears to cover all of the risk factors which is related to upper limb. Although the most important factor in developing tool is proper validation of exposure assessment techniques, the existing observational method did not test reliability and validity.

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Research paper thumbnail of Manual Material Handling Risk Assessment Tool for Assessing Exposure to Risk Factor of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Review

This review provides an overview of the range of method that has been available to assess Manual ... more This review provides an overview of the range of method that has been available to assess Manual Material Handling (MMH) to risk factor related Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorder (WRMDs). Electronic database was used to search for the material from 1991 until 2015. Method relevant publications on material using electronic database from 1991 until 2015 have been gathered for inclusion in this review meanwhile manual material handling, risk assessment, observational method and musculoskeletal disorder were used during the discovery process. Observational method to assess manual material handling is the purpose for this developed review based on the reliability, validity and risk factor. Two researchers conducted this evaluation process from selected publication. They identified eleven entitled observational assessment tools which were significantly used to assess exposure to MMH related to work-related musculoskeletal disorder. Posture, force, frequency, duration and environment were the risk factors involved in current method in assessing manual material handling. Only one from these eleven methods was confirmed to be reliable and graded as moderate to good. None from this review method conducted validity test. Various observational tools exist but no single tool appears to cover all of the risk factors for manual material handling. In addition, most important factors during developing tool are appropriate validation of exposure assessment method which in the existing observational method, test reliability and validity were not conducted.

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Books by Mohd Nasrull Abdol Rahman

Research paper thumbnail of ENBORA: Teknik Penilaian Risiko Ergonomik di Tempat Kerja (Penerbit UTHM) Tahun 2019

Book, 2019

Buku ENBORA: Teknik Penilaian Risiko Ergonomik di Tempat Kerja (Penerbit UTHM) Tahun 2019 Teknik... more Buku ENBORA: Teknik Penilaian Risiko Ergonomik di Tempat Kerja (Penerbit UTHM) Tahun 2019

Teknik ENBORA adalah alat atau kaedah penilaian risiko ergonomik yang mudah dan praktikal digunakan di tempat kerja serta memberi penanda aras tahap risiko dan tindakan yang perlu diambil berkaitan dengan aktiviti atau tugasan di tempat kerja

Jika berminat untuk tempahan buku, boleh layari laman web http://e-bookstore.uthm.edu.my/index.php?route=product/product&product_id=349 atau hubungi En Mohd Razif di talian 07453 8698 (Penerbit UTHM)

RM48 senaskah (berwarna) tidak termasuk kos penghantaran

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Research paper thumbnail of Investigation of ergonomic risk factors in a car tyre service centre

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Ergonomic Risk Factors associated with Muscuslokeletal Disorders in Computer Workstation

Ergonomics Risk Factors (ERFs) at computer works are commonly related to Musculoskeletal Disorder... more Ergonomics Risk Factors (ERFs) at computer works are commonly related to Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) such as repetitive movements, doing work in awkward postures and static postures while prolonged seating at works. The main objective of this study was to investigate the ergonomic risk factors associated with MSDs among employees in computer workstation. In this study, the data were obtained by structured interview using self-reported questionnaire and direct observation. The results show that there is significant association between neck and stress score with musculoskeletal symptoms and among office workers. As a conclusion, by assessing ERFs at workplace, the effectiveness of workplace interventions can be evaluated without waiting for changes in the prevalence of MSDs.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Survey of body part symptoms among workers in a car tyre service centre

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of body part symptoms and sources of ... more The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of body part symptoms and sources of injury/discomfort among workers in a car tyre service centre. Questionnaire survey and interview session were used to identify the level of body discomfort areas and sources of injury or discomfort. From questionnaire survey findings, 12 of respondents have body discomfort in the neck (66.7%%), shoulder (83.3%), elbow/forearm (75%), hand/wrist (91.7%), knee (58.3%), lower leg (75%), ankle/foot (33%) and lower back (30%). The main sources of injury/discomfort in the workplace were poor body posture (75%), bending the back (75%), highly repetitive motions (75%), lifting heavy objects (83.3%), the long-term standing (66.7%), long-term squatting (58.3%), bending the neck (66.7%) and high hand force (58.3%). About 50% reported that poor workplace design also contributed to injury while 41.7% mentioned the use of hand tools. To address modifying the ergonomic hazards, engineering controls and administrative controls can be used. The study will be useful to ergonomists, researchers, consultants, workshop managers, maintenance workers and others concerned with identifying body part symptoms and sources of injury/discomfort at the workplace.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of WERA: An observational tool develop to investigate the physical risk factor associated with WMSDs

This paper describes the development of the Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment (WERA) for invest... more This paper describes the development of the Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment (WERA) for investigating the physical risk factor associated with work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). The initial development of WERA tool involved the following procedures: (1) first stage, development of WERA prototype from literature review, (2) second stage, evaluation of the psychometric properties including (a) validity trials and (b) reliability and usability trials. In the validity trials, the relationship of the individual WERA body part scores to the development of pain or discomfort is statistically significant for the wrist, shoulder and back regions. It shows that the WERA assessment provided a good indication of work-related musculoskeletal disorders which might be reported as pain, ache or discomfort in the relevant body regions. In the reliability trials, the results of inter-observer reliability shows that moderate agreement among the observers while from the feedback questionnaire survey about the usability of WERA tool, all participants including expert and management teams agreed that the prototype of WERA tool was easy and quick to use, applicable to workplace assessment for the wide range of job/task and valuable at work. It was confirmed that there was no need of training required to do WERA assessment. Therefore, the WERA assessment has been designed for easy and quick use, and for those who are trained to use it do not need previous skills in observation techniques although this would be an advantage. As WERA is a pen and paper technique that can be used without any special equipment, WERA assessment can be done in any space of workplaces without disruption to the task that have been observed.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Investigation of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in wall plastering jobs within the construction industry

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the work-related musculoskeletal disorders (W... more Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among workers in wall plastering jobs within the construction industry. Participants: A total of 43 workers within three workplaces participated in the study. Methods: Subjects were interviewed using self-report charts. During the task duration, observation of the workplace was carried out using a Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment (WERA) method. Results: An analysis of WERA assessment, the wrist score for WERA body part was >4 in 86% of workers, while wrist pain or discomfort was reported by 86%, yielding a significant association between WERA body part score and self-reported pain (χ ^{2}= 16.12; p=0.000). The WERA body part score for the shoulder regions during wall plastering job yielded a score > 4 in 93% and caused shoulder pain or discomfort in 91%, the association being significant (χ ^{2}=12.58; p=0.000). The back regions for WERA body part score was >4 in 91% of workers, with 98% reporting pain or back discomfort, with a significant association (χ^{2}=9.98; p=0.002). Conclusions: These results showed that statistically significance for the wrist, shoulder and back regions of the individual WERA body part scores were affecting the worker and lead to the development of pain or discomfort among workers in wall plastering jobs.

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Research paper thumbnail of Risk Assessment for Assessing the Subjective Occupant Seating Discomfort related Office Works

Sustaining any static posture, such as sitting can affect the human body in terms of increasing p... more Sustaining any static posture, such as sitting can affect the human body in terms of increasing pressure on the muscles, ligaments and other soft tissues of the musculoskeletal system. The aims of this study was to propose and develop an ergonomic assessment tool known as the Office Ergonomic Chair Assessment (OFFECA) tool that capable of quantifying subjective occupant sitting discomfort during office works and to evaluate the psychometric properties of the OFFECA tool.

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Research paper thumbnail of Musculoskeletal discomfort among workers in mould making manufacturing industry

Mould making industry is a manufacturer and designer for various kinds of mould such as commodity... more Mould making industry is a manufacturer and designer for various kinds of mould such as commodity mould, packaging mould and furniture mould for other manufacturing processes. Due to the mould manufacturing process, a workers are exposed to the risks of upper limb disorders such as repetitive tasks, uncomfortable work postures and carry out work for long periods without break. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to identify the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among the employee at mould making manufacturing industry. Structured interview using Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaires (CMDQ) were conducted over 35 workers in mould making industry in which the age range was from 23 to 38 years (mean 28.54 ± 4.22 years) while working experience ranges from 1 to 11 years (mean 4.31 years ± 3:09). The results shows that workers in the mould making industry were exposed to ergonomic risk of experiencing discomfort in the upper part of the body such as neck, back body, forearm and wrists that involves an iterative process on a regular basis and work in awkward postures. As a conclusion, this study can be a useful references to ergonomists, researchers, OSH practitioners and others concerned to identify the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in the workplace, especially in the mould making industry and other manufacturing industries.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Review on Pen and Paper Based Observational Methods for Assessing Work-related Upper Limb Disorders

This review aims to give an overview of current techniques available for pen and paper based obse... more This review aims to give an overview of current techniques available for pen and paper based observational methods in assessing work-related upper limb disorders. Searched from an electronic database for materials from 1993 until 2015, the methods discovered were based on upper limb disorders, observational method, risk factors and musculoskeletal disorders. The evaluation process for selected publication has been conducted by two researchers. Seven observational methods used to assess exposure to work-related Upper Limb Disorders (ULDs)were identified. The risk factors involved in current techniques of pen and paper based observational tools were postures, force, repetition, vibration, movement, frequency of action and duration. From the seven methods, only three methods were proven to be reliable and rated as moderate to good. For the three methods reviewed, the validity test showed moderate results. Many observational tools exist, but no single tool appears to cover all of the risk factors which is related to upper limb. Although the most important factor in developing tool is proper validation of exposure assessment techniques, the existing observational method did not test reliability and validity.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Manual Material Handling Risk Assessment Tool for Assessing Exposure to Risk Factor of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Review

This review provides an overview of the range of method that has been available to assess Manual ... more This review provides an overview of the range of method that has been available to assess Manual Material Handling (MMH) to risk factor related Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorder (WRMDs). Electronic database was used to search for the material from 1991 until 2015. Method relevant publications on material using electronic database from 1991 until 2015 have been gathered for inclusion in this review meanwhile manual material handling, risk assessment, observational method and musculoskeletal disorder were used during the discovery process. Observational method to assess manual material handling is the purpose for this developed review based on the reliability, validity and risk factor. Two researchers conducted this evaluation process from selected publication. They identified eleven entitled observational assessment tools which were significantly used to assess exposure to MMH related to work-related musculoskeletal disorder. Posture, force, frequency, duration and environment were the risk factors involved in current method in assessing manual material handling. Only one from these eleven methods was confirmed to be reliable and graded as moderate to good. None from this review method conducted validity test. Various observational tools exist but no single tool appears to cover all of the risk factors for manual material handling. In addition, most important factors during developing tool are appropriate validation of exposure assessment method which in the existing observational method, test reliability and validity were not conducted.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of ENBORA: Teknik Penilaian Risiko Ergonomik di Tempat Kerja (Penerbit UTHM) Tahun 2019

Book, 2019

Buku ENBORA: Teknik Penilaian Risiko Ergonomik di Tempat Kerja (Penerbit UTHM) Tahun 2019 Teknik... more Buku ENBORA: Teknik Penilaian Risiko Ergonomik di Tempat Kerja (Penerbit UTHM) Tahun 2019

Teknik ENBORA adalah alat atau kaedah penilaian risiko ergonomik yang mudah dan praktikal digunakan di tempat kerja serta memberi penanda aras tahap risiko dan tindakan yang perlu diambil berkaitan dengan aktiviti atau tugasan di tempat kerja

Jika berminat untuk tempahan buku, boleh layari laman web http://e-bookstore.uthm.edu.my/index.php?route=product/product&product_id=349 atau hubungi En Mohd Razif di talian 07453 8698 (Penerbit UTHM)

RM48 senaskah (berwarna) tidak termasuk kos penghantaran

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact