Merrill Swain | University of Toronto (original) (raw)
Papers by Merrill Swain
Canadian Modern Language Review-revue Canadienne Des Langues Vivantes, Oct 1, 1991
Additive Bilingualism and French Immersion Education: The Roles of Language Proficiency and Liter... more Additive Bilingualism and French Immersion Education: The Roles of Language Proficiency and Literacy Merrill Swain Sharon Lapkin Ontario Institute for Studies in Education In 1975, Wallace Lambert introduced the terms" additive" and" subtractive" bilingualism. He used the term ...
Cambridge University Press eBooks, Jul 13, 1997
C Research in social psychology suggests that social judgments of others are formed on the basis ... more C Research in social psychology suggests that social judgments of others are formed on the basis of two dimensions: warmth and competence. Attractiveness is also considered an important factor. To influence the perception of these traits, eyeglasses can be an effective ornament. In fact, previous studies have reported that eyeglasses can change impressions both positively and negatively regarding the wearer's faces. We propose that eyeglasses have an influence on our social judgments of both others and self. We conducted several studies dealing with the effects of eyeglasses on social judgments and confirmed robust results. Our findings are in line with previous studies which found that eyeglasses increase the perception of competence. Moreover, it has been found that eyeglasses differently influence various dimensions of attractiveness: a face with eyeglasses is judged less pretty and less good-looking, but more elegant. The shape of eyeglasses also influences social judgments: a round shape enhances the warmth perception while a square shape increases the competence perception. We discuss the theoretical implications and outline directions for future research.
Abstract: A decade of research on immersion programs in Ontario is synthesized. The immersion pro... more Abstract: A decade of research on immersion programs in Ontario is synthesized. The immersion programs studied over this period include three major alternatives: early total French immersion, early partial French immersion, and late partial French immersion. The ...
The Modern Language Journal, May 14, 2019
Canadian Modern Language Review-revue Canadienne Des Langues Vivantes, Mar 1, 1977
The Modern Language Journal, 1997
THE CAMBRIDGE APPLIED LINGUISTICS SERIES Series editors: Michael H. Long and Jack C. Richards Thi... more THE CAMBRIDGE APPLIED LINGUISTICS SERIES Series editors: Michael H. Long and Jack C. Richards This series presents the findings of recent work in applied linguistics which are of direct relevance to language teaching and learning and of particular interest to applied ...
Abstract: A decade of research on immersion programs in Ontario is synthesized. The immersion pro... more Abstract: A decade of research on immersion programs in Ontario is synthesized. The immersion programs studied over this period include three major alternatives: early total French immersion, early partial French immersion, and late partial French immersion. The ...
Routledge eBooks, Mar 23, 2005
26 The Output Hypothesis: Theory and Research Merrill Swain The Ontario Institute for Studies in ... more 26 The Output Hypothesis: Theory and Research Merrill Swain The Ontario Institute for Studies in Education The University of Toronto1 INTRODUCTION In the 1980s, the word" output" was used to indicate the outcome, or product, of the language acquisition device. Output was ...
Canadian Journal of Education, 1976
ABSTRACT
Routledge eBooks, Oct 13, 2014
This is a remarkably interesting and useful book...it makes a significant contribution to our kno... more This is a remarkably interesting and useful book...it makes a significant contribution to our knowledge and understanding of both bilingualism and education.' Journal of Education Policy
Multilingual Matters eBooks, Dec 31, 2019
Journal of immersion and content-based language education, Mar 6, 2013
An enduring issue in immersion education focuses on the appropriate use of the L1 in the one-way ... more An enduring issue in immersion education focuses on the appropriate use of the L1 in the one-way or two-way immersion classroom. In this article we discuss several key constructs (mediation, languaging, the cognition/emotion relationship, zone of proximal development) that are central to a Vygotskian sociocultural theory of mind perspective on second language learning and teaching. Each discussion of a theoretical construct is followed by a review of one or more key research studies from one-way or two-way immersion contexts whose findings we highlight or re-interpret in light of Vygotsky's insights. The theory and research yield three important guiding principles with the goal of helping educators to make decisions about their language use choices in the immersion classroom.
Cambridge University Press eBooks, Jul 13, 1997
Cambridge University Press eBooks, Jul 13, 1997
Cambridge University Press eBooks, Mar 30, 1990
Canadian Modern Language Review-revue Canadienne Des Langues Vivantes, Oct 1, 1991
Additive Bilingualism and French Immersion Education: The Roles of Language Proficiency and Liter... more Additive Bilingualism and French Immersion Education: The Roles of Language Proficiency and Literacy Merrill Swain Sharon Lapkin Ontario Institute for Studies in Education In 1975, Wallace Lambert introduced the terms" additive" and" subtractive" bilingualism. He used the term ...
Cambridge University Press eBooks, Jul 13, 1997
C Research in social psychology suggests that social judgments of others are formed on the basis ... more C Research in social psychology suggests that social judgments of others are formed on the basis of two dimensions: warmth and competence. Attractiveness is also considered an important factor. To influence the perception of these traits, eyeglasses can be an effective ornament. In fact, previous studies have reported that eyeglasses can change impressions both positively and negatively regarding the wearer's faces. We propose that eyeglasses have an influence on our social judgments of both others and self. We conducted several studies dealing with the effects of eyeglasses on social judgments and confirmed robust results. Our findings are in line with previous studies which found that eyeglasses increase the perception of competence. Moreover, it has been found that eyeglasses differently influence various dimensions of attractiveness: a face with eyeglasses is judged less pretty and less good-looking, but more elegant. The shape of eyeglasses also influences social judgments: a round shape enhances the warmth perception while a square shape increases the competence perception. We discuss the theoretical implications and outline directions for future research.
Abstract: A decade of research on immersion programs in Ontario is synthesized. The immersion pro... more Abstract: A decade of research on immersion programs in Ontario is synthesized. The immersion programs studied over this period include three major alternatives: early total French immersion, early partial French immersion, and late partial French immersion. The ...
The Modern Language Journal, May 14, 2019
Canadian Modern Language Review-revue Canadienne Des Langues Vivantes, Mar 1, 1977
The Modern Language Journal, 1997
THE CAMBRIDGE APPLIED LINGUISTICS SERIES Series editors: Michael H. Long and Jack C. Richards Thi... more THE CAMBRIDGE APPLIED LINGUISTICS SERIES Series editors: Michael H. Long and Jack C. Richards This series presents the findings of recent work in applied linguistics which are of direct relevance to language teaching and learning and of particular interest to applied ...
Abstract: A decade of research on immersion programs in Ontario is synthesized. The immersion pro... more Abstract: A decade of research on immersion programs in Ontario is synthesized. The immersion programs studied over this period include three major alternatives: early total French immersion, early partial French immersion, and late partial French immersion. The ...
Routledge eBooks, Mar 23, 2005
26 The Output Hypothesis: Theory and Research Merrill Swain The Ontario Institute for Studies in ... more 26 The Output Hypothesis: Theory and Research Merrill Swain The Ontario Institute for Studies in Education The University of Toronto1 INTRODUCTION In the 1980s, the word" output" was used to indicate the outcome, or product, of the language acquisition device. Output was ...
Canadian Journal of Education, 1976
ABSTRACT
Routledge eBooks, Oct 13, 2014
This is a remarkably interesting and useful book...it makes a significant contribution to our kno... more This is a remarkably interesting and useful book...it makes a significant contribution to our knowledge and understanding of both bilingualism and education.' Journal of Education Policy
Multilingual Matters eBooks, Dec 31, 2019
Journal of immersion and content-based language education, Mar 6, 2013
An enduring issue in immersion education focuses on the appropriate use of the L1 in the one-way ... more An enduring issue in immersion education focuses on the appropriate use of the L1 in the one-way or two-way immersion classroom. In this article we discuss several key constructs (mediation, languaging, the cognition/emotion relationship, zone of proximal development) that are central to a Vygotskian sociocultural theory of mind perspective on second language learning and teaching. Each discussion of a theoretical construct is followed by a review of one or more key research studies from one-way or two-way immersion contexts whose findings we highlight or re-interpret in light of Vygotsky's insights. The theory and research yield three important guiding principles with the goal of helping educators to make decisions about their language use choices in the immersion classroom.
Cambridge University Press eBooks, Jul 13, 1997
Cambridge University Press eBooks, Jul 13, 1997
Cambridge University Press eBooks, Mar 30, 1990