Mariam Komeili | University of Toronto (original) (raw)

Papers by Mariam Komeili

Research paper thumbnail of Using multiple measures of language dominance and proficiency in Farsi-English bilingual children

Frontiers in Communication, Jul 13, 2023

This paper aims to identify e ective means of measuring dominance and proficiency in bilingual ch... more This paper aims to identify e ective means of measuring dominance and proficiency in bilingual children. Thirty-seven Farsi-English Heritage language speaking children from ; to ; were assessed on their vocabulary, morphosyntax, and narrative microstructure skills in both languages to address whether there is a di erence between their proficiency in Farsi as a heritage and English as a majority language, how the scores on the vocabulary, morphosyntax, and narrative microstructure tasks relate to one another, and based on the results of each task in both languages if any of the children are at risk for a Developmental Language Disorder. Vocabulary was assessed using the LITMUS-Cross-Linguistic Lexical Task (CLT), morphosyntax using the LITMUS-Sentence Repetition (SR) tasks, and Narrative microstructure using the LITMUS-Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives (MAIN). Individual language proficiency was identified via an in-depth profile analysis for each participant who looked at their performance on all experimental tasks in both languages. The data demonstrated that on the vocabulary and narrative tasks the participants were more dominant in English than in Farsi, while on the sentence repetition task there were no significant di erences between the two languages. Correlation analyses showed that vocabulary scores were strongly correlated to the sentence repetition scores and the microstructure scores. The English and Farsi sentence repetition scores also correlated moderately with the microstructure scores within each language. Profile analysis showed that no child within the study scored <. or standard deviations below the mean on more than two tasks in both languages. However, interesting patterns emerged indicating that some participants had a greater proficiency in one language vs. the other language. The results from this study showed that measuring language within a single domain (e.g., morphosyntax) is not enough to identify a bilingual child's language dominance and/or proficiency. Instead, an in-depth profile analysis and language assessments across various language domains need to be done in order to appropriately measure language dominance and proficiency. Consequently, this study supports the importance of measuring language across multiple domains in studies of bilingual children. The clinical significance of appropriately identifying language dominance and proficiency was also shown, as such information would allow clinicians to make more appropriate clinical decisions.

Research paper thumbnail of Sentence Repetition in Farsi-English Bilingual Children

Journal of the European Second Language Association

The current study aimed to create an assessment that can be used in the future to measure the lan... more The current study aimed to create an assessment that can be used in the future to measure the language abilities of Farsi-speaking children in a clinical setting. A Farsi sentence-repetition task was created that included structures organised into three levels of complexity from least to most complex. Twenty typically developing Farsi-English bilingual children between the ages of 6;3-11;6 were recruited from Farsi schools in Toronto, Canada. Significant differences on the participants' performance among the three levels were found with the lowest performance in the most complex sentences and the highest performance in the least complex ones. Specific structures appeared to be more challenging than others within each level of complexity. The children's decreasing performance with increasing complexity and the evidence that specific structures are challenging within each level make the Farsi sentence repetition task a promising tool for assessing the language skills of Farsi-English speaking children.

Research paper thumbnail of Sentence repetition as a measure of morphosyntax in monolingual and bilingual children

Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 2013

Bilingual children are frequently misdiagnosed as having Specific Language Impairment (SLI). Misd... more Bilingual children are frequently misdiagnosed as having Specific Language Impairment (SLI). Misdiagnosis may be minimized by tests with high degrees of sensitivity and specificity. The current study used a new test, the School-Age Sentence Imitation Test-English 32 (SASIT-E32), to investigate sentence repetition in monolingual and bilingual children, and specifically to compare overall repetition accuracy and error patterns in the two groups. Eighteen English-speaking monolingual children (mean age = 8;8) and 18 Farsi-English bilingual children (8;2) participated. Monolingual children repeated sentences more accurately than bilingual children, but, once receptive vocabulary scores were taken into account, this group difference disappeared. However, the groups demonstrated a different pattern of errors, with the bilingual group producing a higher proportion of substitution and addition errors on function words compared to content words. The main error expected from children with SLI according to the existing literature, i.e. the omission of function words, did not characterize the bilingual children's performance. We therefore propose that the SASIT-E32 might prove to be a valuable tool in identifying SLI in bilingual children.

Research paper thumbnail of Using multiple measures of language dominance and proficiency in Farsi-English bilingual children

Frontiers in Communication, Jul 13, 2023

This paper aims to identify e ective means of measuring dominance and proficiency in bilingual ch... more This paper aims to identify e ective means of measuring dominance and proficiency in bilingual children. Thirty-seven Farsi-English Heritage language speaking children from ; to ; were assessed on their vocabulary, morphosyntax, and narrative microstructure skills in both languages to address whether there is a di erence between their proficiency in Farsi as a heritage and English as a majority language, how the scores on the vocabulary, morphosyntax, and narrative microstructure tasks relate to one another, and based on the results of each task in both languages if any of the children are at risk for a Developmental Language Disorder. Vocabulary was assessed using the LITMUS-Cross-Linguistic Lexical Task (CLT), morphosyntax using the LITMUS-Sentence Repetition (SR) tasks, and Narrative microstructure using the LITMUS-Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives (MAIN). Individual language proficiency was identified via an in-depth profile analysis for each participant who looked at their performance on all experimental tasks in both languages. The data demonstrated that on the vocabulary and narrative tasks the participants were more dominant in English than in Farsi, while on the sentence repetition task there were no significant di erences between the two languages. Correlation analyses showed that vocabulary scores were strongly correlated to the sentence repetition scores and the microstructure scores. The English and Farsi sentence repetition scores also correlated moderately with the microstructure scores within each language. Profile analysis showed that no child within the study scored <. or standard deviations below the mean on more than two tasks in both languages. However, interesting patterns emerged indicating that some participants had a greater proficiency in one language vs. the other language. The results from this study showed that measuring language within a single domain (e.g., morphosyntax) is not enough to identify a bilingual child's language dominance and/or proficiency. Instead, an in-depth profile analysis and language assessments across various language domains need to be done in order to appropriately measure language dominance and proficiency. Consequently, this study supports the importance of measuring language across multiple domains in studies of bilingual children. The clinical significance of appropriately identifying language dominance and proficiency was also shown, as such information would allow clinicians to make more appropriate clinical decisions.

Research paper thumbnail of Sentence Repetition in Farsi-English Bilingual Children

Journal of the European Second Language Association

The current study aimed to create an assessment that can be used in the future to measure the lan... more The current study aimed to create an assessment that can be used in the future to measure the language abilities of Farsi-speaking children in a clinical setting. A Farsi sentence-repetition task was created that included structures organised into three levels of complexity from least to most complex. Twenty typically developing Farsi-English bilingual children between the ages of 6;3-11;6 were recruited from Farsi schools in Toronto, Canada. Significant differences on the participants' performance among the three levels were found with the lowest performance in the most complex sentences and the highest performance in the least complex ones. Specific structures appeared to be more challenging than others within each level of complexity. The children's decreasing performance with increasing complexity and the evidence that specific structures are challenging within each level make the Farsi sentence repetition task a promising tool for assessing the language skills of Farsi-English speaking children.

Research paper thumbnail of Sentence repetition as a measure of morphosyntax in monolingual and bilingual children

Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 2013

Bilingual children are frequently misdiagnosed as having Specific Language Impairment (SLI). Misd... more Bilingual children are frequently misdiagnosed as having Specific Language Impairment (SLI). Misdiagnosis may be minimized by tests with high degrees of sensitivity and specificity. The current study used a new test, the School-Age Sentence Imitation Test-English 32 (SASIT-E32), to investigate sentence repetition in monolingual and bilingual children, and specifically to compare overall repetition accuracy and error patterns in the two groups. Eighteen English-speaking monolingual children (mean age = 8;8) and 18 Farsi-English bilingual children (8;2) participated. Monolingual children repeated sentences more accurately than bilingual children, but, once receptive vocabulary scores were taken into account, this group difference disappeared. However, the groups demonstrated a different pattern of errors, with the bilingual group producing a higher proportion of substitution and addition errors on function words compared to content words. The main error expected from children with SLI according to the existing literature, i.e. the omission of function words, did not characterize the bilingual children's performance. We therefore propose that the SASIT-E32 might prove to be a valuable tool in identifying SLI in bilingual children.