Stephen EGHAREVBA | University of Turku (original) (raw)
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Papers by Stephen EGHAREVBA
European Journal of Criminology, 2013
Existing criminological research studies have premised that race/ethnicity is one of the most sal... more Existing criminological research studies have premised that race/ethnicity is one of the most salient factors producing dissatisfaction with the police. As immigrants are bound to bring with them into new countries their past experiences, values and norms as well as opinions about the police. Newcomers’ past experiences with the police in their country of origin may form the basis of their misconceptions and could pose a challenge to policing ethnic minorities at the street level in their country of settlement. This paper discusses African migrants’ perceptions and the factors that influence these perceptions and attitudes towards the police in Finland. Some of the participants’ judgements have been influenced by their past experiences with the police both in Finland and in their countries of origin in Africa. The paper argues that if the police are to have the confidence of immigrants they need to proactively and meaningfully engage with immigrant groups in society. Data for this a...
The focus of this study is to examine the role of police and immigrants’ relations, as less is kn... more The focus of this study is to examine the role of police and immigrants’ relations, as less is known about this process in the country. The studies were approached in two different ways. Firstly, an attempt was made to examine how immigrants view their encounters with the police. Secondly, the studies explored how aware the police are of immigrants’ experiences in their various encounters and interactions on the street level. An ancillary aim of the studies is to clarify, analyse and discuss how prejudice and stereotypes can be tackled, thereby contributing to the general debate about racism and discrimination for better ethnic relations in the country. The data in which this analysis was based is on a group of adults (n=88) from the total of 120 Africans questioned for the entire study (n=45) police cadets and (n=6) serving police officers from Turku. The present thesis is a compilation of five articles. A summary of each article findings follows, as the same data was used in all f...
International Journal of Police Science & Management, 2021
The relationship between ethnic–racial cultural communities and the Finnish police is evolving, a... more The relationship between ethnic–racial cultural communities and the Finnish police is evolving, and relatively little research is available within the criminal justice system that highlights police practices and behaviour towards ethnic and racial cultural in Finland. There is also a lack of scientific certainty about how to assess ethnic and racial cultural’ experiences of fair, unfair and impolite treatment by the police. The available research suggests that the experiences of Black and other ethnic–racial cultural groups in the criminal justice system differs from that of the ethnic majority population, and this tends to increase the tense relationship between the police and ethnic–racial cultural communities. The data on which this article is based were collected between April 2013 and July 2015 among ethnic and racial cultural groups from three different sites to explore ethnic cultural perceptions of legal authority in Finland. The experiences of 205 people with a cultural eth...
African Journal of Criminology and Justice Studies Ajcjs, Nov 1, 2005
Citizens and immigrant minorities come into contact with the police in various circumstances, eit... more Citizens and immigrant minorities come into contact with the police in various circumstances, either as witnesses, victims of crime, or even as suspects. The present study is an attempt to examine issues concerning racism and discrimination in police/immigrant relations in Finland under this circumstances, which to our knowledge has not received the academic scholastic investigation it deserves. Furthermore, this is also an attempt to look at police/immigrant everyday interactions to help in understanding this relationship. The research was carried out by means of a questionnaire (the sampled respondents consisting of forty-seven graduating police cadets a day before their graduation from the Police School and six serving police officers) and a semistructured interview with thirteen police/cadets volunteers. These sources then served as the basis of this analysis Secondly, the participants’ experiences were examined in our attempt to determine whether the relationships were cordial or not. The authors are of the opinion that the experiences of these respondents could help to understand and shed some light on how
Advances in Religious and Cultural Studies, 2017
The European countries are obliged to fulfill the provisions of the European Convention on human ... more The European countries are obliged to fulfill the provisions of the European Convention on human rights regarding the protection of the accused…
International Journal of the Sociology of Law, 2006
This article is principally concerned with an issue, that presently does not appear to have recei... more This article is principally concerned with an issue, that presently does not appear to have received much attention in academic literature in Finland, namely the perception and experiences of immigrant minority with the police. These issues have only appeared in a ...
European Journal of Migration and Law, 2004
Advances in Religious and Cultural Studies, 2000
European Journal of Migration and Law, 2004
European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice
Across the world, minorities are often perceived as social problems in policy formulations and pr... more Across the world, minorities are often perceived as social problems in policy formulations and processes in many societies. This perspective gets support from the notion that minorities engage in deviant and criminal behaviour. However, in Finland fewer scholarly attentions have explored the extent of minority attitudes and experiences as they relate to social problems in societies. The aim of this study is to explore procedural justice and its understanding thereof by minorities and racial groups in Finland in complying with police orders. Data for this study was collected between April 2013 and July 2015 from (N = 650) respondents from three major cities (Helsinki, Tampere and Turku) using minority experiences of racial profiling, encounters and unfair policing as variables that increase minority distrust in procedural justice in Finland. The result suggests that ethnicity influences minority views of procedural justice in the country. The implication of this finding is that there...
Advances in Religious and Cultural Studies, 2000
Advances in Religious and Cultural Studies, 2000
Advances in Religious and Cultural Studies, 2000
European Journal of Migration and Law, 2004
International Journal for Police Science and Management, 2021
The relationship between ethnic-racial cultural communities and the Finnish police is evolving, a... more The relationship between ethnic-racial cultural communities and the Finnish police is evolving, and relatively little research is available within the criminal justice system that highlights police practices and behaviour towards ethnic and racial cultural in Finland. There is also a lack of scientific certainty about how to assess ethnic and racial cultural' experiences of fair, unfair and impolite treatment by the police. The available research suggests that the experiences of Black and other ethnic-racial cultural groups in the criminal justice system differs from that of the ethnic majority population, and this tends to increase the tense relationship between the police and ethnic-racial cultural communities. The data on which this article is based were collected between April 2013 and July 2015 among ethnic and racial cultural groups from three different sites to explore ethnic cultural perceptions of legal authority in Finland. The experiences of 205 people with a cultural ethnic background were used to examine ethnic-racial cultural views on four types of police behaviour-respect, fairness, politeness and courtesy-in deciding whether to trust or distrust the police. We compared adverse encounters between members of ethnic and racial cultural communities and the police using a mixed-methods approach to procedural justice in a questionnaire and face-to-face interviews. The study indicates that hostile police humour contributes to a negative attitude, fear and lack of trust towards the police, whereas every respectful interaction brings about a positive attitude.
Citizens and immigrant minorities come into contact with the police in various circumstances, eit... more Citizens and immigrant minorities come into contact with the
police in various circumstances, either as witnesses, victims of
crime, or even as suspects. The present study is an attempt to
examine issues concerning racism and discrimination in
police/immigrant relations in Finland under this circumstances,
which to our knowledge has not received the academic scholastic investigation it deserves. Furthermore, this is also an attempt to look at police/immigrant everyday interactions to help in understanding this relationship. The research was carried out by means of a questionnaire (the sampled respondents consisting of forty-seven graduating police cadets a day before their graduation from the Police School and six serving police officers) and a semi-structured interview with thirteen police/cadets volunteers. These sources then served as the basis of this analysis Secondly, the participants’ experiences were examined in our attempt to determine whether the relationships were cordial or not. The authors are of the opinion that the experiences of these respondents could help to understand and shed some light on how these two groups view their relations. The finding indicates some level of ignorance on the part of the police/cadets of the cultural differences between the immigrant minorities and the majority population. The causes of these cultural misunderstandings are discussed and analysed and further investigation is proposed on this issue with regard to ethnic relations in Finland.
European Journal of Criminology, 2013
Existing criminological research studies have premised that race/ethnicity is one of the most sal... more Existing criminological research studies have premised that race/ethnicity is one of the most salient factors producing dissatisfaction with the police. As immigrants are bound to bring with them into new countries their past experiences, values and norms as well as opinions about the police. Newcomers’ past experiences with the police in their country of origin may form the basis of their misconceptions and could pose a challenge to policing ethnic minorities at the street level in their country of settlement. This paper discusses African migrants’ perceptions and the factors that influence these perceptions and attitudes towards the police in Finland. Some of the participants’ judgements have been influenced by their past experiences with the police both in Finland and in their countries of origin in Africa. The paper argues that if the police are to have the confidence of immigrants they need to proactively and meaningfully engage with immigrant groups in society. Data for this a...
The focus of this study is to examine the role of police and immigrants’ relations, as less is kn... more The focus of this study is to examine the role of police and immigrants’ relations, as less is known about this process in the country. The studies were approached in two different ways. Firstly, an attempt was made to examine how immigrants view their encounters with the police. Secondly, the studies explored how aware the police are of immigrants’ experiences in their various encounters and interactions on the street level. An ancillary aim of the studies is to clarify, analyse and discuss how prejudice and stereotypes can be tackled, thereby contributing to the general debate about racism and discrimination for better ethnic relations in the country. The data in which this analysis was based is on a group of adults (n=88) from the total of 120 Africans questioned for the entire study (n=45) police cadets and (n=6) serving police officers from Turku. The present thesis is a compilation of five articles. A summary of each article findings follows, as the same data was used in all f...
International Journal of Police Science & Management, 2021
The relationship between ethnic–racial cultural communities and the Finnish police is evolving, a... more The relationship between ethnic–racial cultural communities and the Finnish police is evolving, and relatively little research is available within the criminal justice system that highlights police practices and behaviour towards ethnic and racial cultural in Finland. There is also a lack of scientific certainty about how to assess ethnic and racial cultural’ experiences of fair, unfair and impolite treatment by the police. The available research suggests that the experiences of Black and other ethnic–racial cultural groups in the criminal justice system differs from that of the ethnic majority population, and this tends to increase the tense relationship between the police and ethnic–racial cultural communities. The data on which this article is based were collected between April 2013 and July 2015 among ethnic and racial cultural groups from three different sites to explore ethnic cultural perceptions of legal authority in Finland. The experiences of 205 people with a cultural eth...
African Journal of Criminology and Justice Studies Ajcjs, Nov 1, 2005
Citizens and immigrant minorities come into contact with the police in various circumstances, eit... more Citizens and immigrant minorities come into contact with the police in various circumstances, either as witnesses, victims of crime, or even as suspects. The present study is an attempt to examine issues concerning racism and discrimination in police/immigrant relations in Finland under this circumstances, which to our knowledge has not received the academic scholastic investigation it deserves. Furthermore, this is also an attempt to look at police/immigrant everyday interactions to help in understanding this relationship. The research was carried out by means of a questionnaire (the sampled respondents consisting of forty-seven graduating police cadets a day before their graduation from the Police School and six serving police officers) and a semistructured interview with thirteen police/cadets volunteers. These sources then served as the basis of this analysis Secondly, the participants’ experiences were examined in our attempt to determine whether the relationships were cordial or not. The authors are of the opinion that the experiences of these respondents could help to understand and shed some light on how
Advances in Religious and Cultural Studies, 2017
The European countries are obliged to fulfill the provisions of the European Convention on human ... more The European countries are obliged to fulfill the provisions of the European Convention on human rights regarding the protection of the accused…
International Journal of the Sociology of Law, 2006
This article is principally concerned with an issue, that presently does not appear to have recei... more This article is principally concerned with an issue, that presently does not appear to have received much attention in academic literature in Finland, namely the perception and experiences of immigrant minority with the police. These issues have only appeared in a ...
European Journal of Migration and Law, 2004
Advances in Religious and Cultural Studies, 2000
European Journal of Migration and Law, 2004
European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice
Across the world, minorities are often perceived as social problems in policy formulations and pr... more Across the world, minorities are often perceived as social problems in policy formulations and processes in many societies. This perspective gets support from the notion that minorities engage in deviant and criminal behaviour. However, in Finland fewer scholarly attentions have explored the extent of minority attitudes and experiences as they relate to social problems in societies. The aim of this study is to explore procedural justice and its understanding thereof by minorities and racial groups in Finland in complying with police orders. Data for this study was collected between April 2013 and July 2015 from (N = 650) respondents from three major cities (Helsinki, Tampere and Turku) using minority experiences of racial profiling, encounters and unfair policing as variables that increase minority distrust in procedural justice in Finland. The result suggests that ethnicity influences minority views of procedural justice in the country. The implication of this finding is that there...
Advances in Religious and Cultural Studies, 2000
Advances in Religious and Cultural Studies, 2000
Advances in Religious and Cultural Studies, 2000
European Journal of Migration and Law, 2004
International Journal for Police Science and Management, 2021
The relationship between ethnic-racial cultural communities and the Finnish police is evolving, a... more The relationship between ethnic-racial cultural communities and the Finnish police is evolving, and relatively little research is available within the criminal justice system that highlights police practices and behaviour towards ethnic and racial cultural in Finland. There is also a lack of scientific certainty about how to assess ethnic and racial cultural' experiences of fair, unfair and impolite treatment by the police. The available research suggests that the experiences of Black and other ethnic-racial cultural groups in the criminal justice system differs from that of the ethnic majority population, and this tends to increase the tense relationship between the police and ethnic-racial cultural communities. The data on which this article is based were collected between April 2013 and July 2015 among ethnic and racial cultural groups from three different sites to explore ethnic cultural perceptions of legal authority in Finland. The experiences of 205 people with a cultural ethnic background were used to examine ethnic-racial cultural views on four types of police behaviour-respect, fairness, politeness and courtesy-in deciding whether to trust or distrust the police. We compared adverse encounters between members of ethnic and racial cultural communities and the police using a mixed-methods approach to procedural justice in a questionnaire and face-to-face interviews. The study indicates that hostile police humour contributes to a negative attitude, fear and lack of trust towards the police, whereas every respectful interaction brings about a positive attitude.
Citizens and immigrant minorities come into contact with the police in various circumstances, eit... more Citizens and immigrant minorities come into contact with the
police in various circumstances, either as witnesses, victims of
crime, or even as suspects. The present study is an attempt to
examine issues concerning racism and discrimination in
police/immigrant relations in Finland under this circumstances,
which to our knowledge has not received the academic scholastic investigation it deserves. Furthermore, this is also an attempt to look at police/immigrant everyday interactions to help in understanding this relationship. The research was carried out by means of a questionnaire (the sampled respondents consisting of forty-seven graduating police cadets a day before their graduation from the Police School and six serving police officers) and a semi-structured interview with thirteen police/cadets volunteers. These sources then served as the basis of this analysis Secondly, the participants’ experiences were examined in our attempt to determine whether the relationships were cordial or not. The authors are of the opinion that the experiences of these respondents could help to understand and shed some light on how these two groups view their relations. The finding indicates some level of ignorance on the part of the police/cadets of the cultural differences between the immigrant minorities and the majority population. The causes of these cultural misunderstandings are discussed and analysed and further investigation is proposed on this issue with regard to ethnic relations in Finland.