sergio starkstein | The University of Western Australia (original) (raw)

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Papers by sergio starkstein

Diabetologia, Oct 13, 2006

Brain, Jun 1, 1991

While a relative preservation of repetition in acute transcortical aphasia (TA) has usually been ... more While a relative preservation of repetition in acute transcortical aphasia (TA) has usually been associated with the functional integrity of the speech dominant (left) perisylvian area, recent amytal data (Bando et al., 1986) have suggested a fundamental role of the nondominant (right) hemisphere in language repetition. The neuroradiological correlates of repetition were studied in a consecutive series of 21 patients with acute TA. A similar frequency of either perisylvian or extraperisylvian pathology was found. In 2 patients with perisylvian pathology, the injection of amytal in the hemisphere contralateral to the lesion abolished repetition. Positron emission tomography (PET) in another patient revealed marked hypometabolism over the entire left cortical mantle ipsilateral to a basal ganglia lesion, suggesting that preserved repetition was carried out by right hemisphere structures. This was confirmed in a second patient with left extraperisylvian pathology, in whom a second lesion in the right hemisphere resulted in impaired repetition. These findings suggest that the spared contralateral hemisphere may subserve residual repetition in some transcortical aphasic patients with a lesion within or outside the speech-dominant perisylvian area.

Biological Psychiatry, Nov 1, 1995

Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, Nov 1, 1999

The authors examined the severity and type of deficits in remote memory in patients with probable... more The authors examined the severity and type of deficits in remote memory in patients with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the first study, 40 AD patients showed significantly more severe deficits on both the free-recall and the recognition sections of the Remote Memory Scale (which measures memory for famous people and well-known events) compared with normal control subjects. In the second study, 25 AD patients showed significantly more deficits on the free-recall section of the Autobiographical Memory Scale compared with normal control subjects. Remote memory deficits in AD may be related to both retrieval deficits and damage to memory traces.

Brain Research, Nov 1, 1988

Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, Feb 1, 1990

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, Dec 1, 1995

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, Dec 1, 1994

Movement Disorders, Oct 30, 2008

Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, May 1, 1992

Aphasiology, Mar 1, 1991

Four right-handed monolingual Spanish-speaking patients who developed a foreign accent syndrome (... more Four right-handed monolingual Spanish-speaking patients who developed a foreign accent syndrome (FAS) during the recovery period from a non-fluent aphasia or an aphemia are reported. The FAS resolved rapidly (within 2 months) in two patients, both with small stroke lesions in the posterior margin of the left middle frontal gyrus. In the other two patients, who had lesions involving the

Diabetic Medicine, May 2, 2018

Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, Aug 1, 1991

The pattern of brain asymmetries was visualized on computed tomography (CT) scan in patients with... more The pattern of brain asymmetries was visualized on computed tomography (CT) scan in patients with a single acute cerebrovascular lesion. Patients were divided into those with typical or reversed frontal and/or occipital asymmetries. Among patients with a typical occipital asymmetry, those with left frontal or left basal ganglia lesions showed a significantly higher frequency of major depression and significantly higher depression scores than patients with similar lesion location but with reversed occipital asymmetry or those with a typical asymmetry and lesions in other (left or right) brain areas. Among patients with a reversed occipital asymmetry, there was no significant association between left frontal or left basal ganglia lesions and depression. This study demonstrates that the previously reported significant association between post-stroke major depression and lesion location is restricted to patients with a typical occipital asymmetry and is not present in patients with a reversed occipital asymmetry.

A major shift in the concept of fear occurred in 1895 when Sigmund Freud separated out from the s... more A major shift in the concept of fear occurred in 1895 when Sigmund Freud separated out from the syndrome of ‘neurasthenia’ a specific entity he termed ‘Neurosis Anxiety.’ This conceptual demarcation had major consequences for the nosology of fear and anxiety. Most importantly, Freud’s delineation of pathological anxiety resulted in the description of a specific pathogenesis based on psychodynamic theories and the creation of a therapy, both instrumental in the medicalization of fear. This chapter provides a critical analysis of Freud’s construction of normal, and pathological fear and anxiety as well as the conceptual problems arising from his psychophysical reduction, which consisted in a pneumatic system of deflected sexual energy, and later, in memory images of early traumas.

Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, Mar 1, 1994

International Psychogeriatrics, Sep 1, 2005

Background: The concept of Binswanger's disease (BD) remains unclear and may not constitute a... more Background: The concept of Binswanger's disease (BD) remains unclear and may not constitute a useful diagnostic category. However, cognitive decline may be present in a proportion of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhages (SAH) or subdural hematomas (SH).Method: We provide a critical review of the concept of BD and summarize the main findings on the association between SAH, SH and cognitive decline.Results and conclusions: BD was originally identified as a type of dementia different from neurosyphilis and with characteristic white matter atrophy. The phenomenology of BD is currently construed around the concept of frontosubcortical dementia, but the validity of this construct is unclear. Patients with SAH frequently develop a variety of cognitive and behavioral problems that usually result in poor psychosocial adjustment and poor quality of life. SH is a rare cause of progressive cognitive impairment. A proportion of patients (particularly functionally impaired old individuals) are at a high risk for cognitive deficits after surgical drainage of the hematoma.

Movement Disorders, Dec 21, 2015

Elsevier eBooks, 2012

Neurological and psychiatric aspects of emotions have been the focus of intense research for the ... more Neurological and psychiatric aspects of emotions have been the focus of intense research for the past 30 years. Studies in both acute (e.g., stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI)) and chronic (e.g., dementia, Parkinson&amp;amp;amp;#39;s disease) neurological disorders demonstrated a high frequency of both depression and apathy. Studies in stroke and TBI reported a significant association between lesion location and depression. Both depression and apathy are significant predictors of poor recovery among patients with brain injuries, and of steeper cognitive and functional decline among patients with neurodegenerative disorders. Poor insight and judgment are frequently found among patients with brain injury or degeneration. There is increasing evidence that damage to specific brain regions, such as the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, is associated with inappropriate emotional reactions in social contexts and diminished anxiety and concern for the future. In severe cases, behavioural changes may also include poor decision-making in the social realm, deficits in goal-directed behavior, and lack of insight into these changes. Future studies will validate specific diagnostic criteria for the various cognitive, emotional, and behavioral problems reported among patients with neurological disorders, which may result in more specific and effective treatments.