Wojciech Filipkowski | University of Bialystok (original) (raw)
Papers by Wojciech Filipkowski
Prawo w Działaniu
The author of the article analyzes the mutual relations between the concepts of cybercrime and cy... more The author of the article analyzes the mutual relations between the concepts of cybercrime and cyberterrorism in the context of Polish criminal law, drawing on criminological knowledge. The aim of the study is to describe this problem from a normative perspective and propose appropriate changes in the criminal policy of the Polish legislature. The main subject of the doctrinal research, which is also based on a review of relevant domestic and foreign literature, is the scope of the concept of cybercrime in relation to the fulfillment of the conditions specified in Article 115 § 20 of the Criminal Code, which pertain to terrorist offenses. Based on the conducted research, it has been observed that not all cybercrimes covered by the Polish Criminal Code meet the conditions described in Article 155 § 20 of the Criminal Code and therefore cannot be considered as cyberterrorism. This primarily stems from the formal criterion of a higher penalty, which cannot be lower than 5 years of impr...
Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG eBooks, 2021
Białostockie Studia Prawnicze, 2011
International Journal of Criminal Justice Sciences, 2008
Digital Investigation, Jun 1, 2012
Internal security, Dec 31, 2016
This article presents the overall inter-institutional relations within the system for counteracti... more This article presents the overall inter-institutional relations within the system for counteracting and, in part, combating the financing of terrorism at a national and international level. A brief analysis of the national and international legal aspects of the elements of the system was made. A key institution in this is the financial intelligence unit. In the case of Poland this is the General Inspector for Financial Information. Therefore, a most extensive analysis was made of the activities of this State body from the official annual reports published on the website of the Ministry of Finance. The study covered an eleven year period,that is, from 2004 to 2015. This paper is the starting point for discussing the scope of the institutional framework, preceded by relevant research, in the fight against financing terrorism at a strategic level. The summary expresses the Author’s view on the scope of activities of the General Inspector of Financial Information at the operational, tactical and strategic level.
Białostockie Studia Prawnicze, 2009
Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny, 2006
Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny, 2003
SAGE Publications, Inc. eBooks, Jul 5, 2013
Białostockie Studia Prawnicze, 2011
Information Sciences, Feb 1, 2015
Internal security, Dec 30, 2020
. The aim of this study is to present the possibilities of using structured analytical techniques... more . The aim of this study is to present the possibilities of using structured analytical techniques in building investigative versions. They may relate to ongoing criminal or operational proceedings, but also allow verification of versions created for the purposes of supervision or evaluation of other proceedings. In this area, the study complements and at the same time extends the existing knowledge in the field of forensic tactics. The author presented the current state of knowledge on the methods of building criminal versions and the theoretical justification for the introduction of these techniques to the practice of law enforcement agencies in this aspect. An outline of the methodology of the application of analytical techniques in the construction of new and verification of existing research methods is also presented. This study is based on the author’s speech at the 3rd National Scientific Conference entitled ‘Police X Files’ organised by the Faculty of Law and Administration University of Lodz from September 26th–28th, 2018.
Archiwum Kryminologii, 2006
Legalising proceeds of crime has been criminalised since 1995 in Poland when the Protection of Ec... more Legalising proceeds of crime has been criminalised since 1995 in Poland when the Protection of Economic Turnover Act came in force. The trouble was that no one had an idea what it was. Few cases were investigated and most of tchem were dismissed by the court. The necessary studies became inevitable in order to measure the phenomenon. There have been two major fields of research concerning the money laundering issue: the methods of legalising proceeds of crime and building and organising anti-money laundering regime in Poland. The first issue refers to the problem of the phenomenology of money laundering. It covers studies of criminal cases in order to analyse methods used by the launderers. The experts are trying to answer several basic questions: how the proceeds of crime are being legalised, which financial and non-financial institutions are abused, how much money is being laundered. is there a method typical for Poland, etc. The second field of research covers the functioning of ...
Springer eBooks, Jan 21, 2007
This paper analyses organised crime policies in Poland. The next section reconstructs their emerg... more This paper analyses organised crime policies in Poland. The next section reconstructs their emergence since the fall of the socialist regime in 1989. The following section describes the relevant associational offences and examines the main legislative ad hoc measures introduced to repress and prevent organised crime. The fourth section reviews the most relevant institutional changes. Some final comments follow.
Internal Security, 2016
This article presents the overall inter-institutional relations within the system for counteracti... more This article presents the overall inter-institutional relations within the system for counteracting and, in part, combating the financing of terrorism at a national and international level. A brief analysis of the national and international legal aspects of the elements of the system was made. A key institution in this is the financial intelligence unit. In the case of Poland this is the General Inspector for Financial Information. Therefore, a most extensive analysis was made of the activities of this State body from the official annual reports published on the website of the Ministry of Finance. The study covered an eleven year period,that is, from 2004 to 2015. This paper is the starting point for discussing the scope of the institutional framework, preceded by relevant research, in the fight against financing terrorism at a strategic level. The summary expresses the Author’s view on the scope of activities of the General Inspector of Financial Information at the operational, tac...
B. Błońska, Ł. Chojniak, B. Gruszczyńska, A. Kosyło, K. Witkowska-Rozpara, D. Woźniakowska-Fajst (red.), O wolność i prawo. Księga jubileuszowa dedykowana Profesorowi Andrzejowi Rzeplińskiemu, Wolters Kluwer, Warszawa 2022, 2022
Powyżej przytoczony cytat M. Kranzberga odnosi się do każdego rozwiązania technologicznego stosow... more Powyżej przytoczony cytat M. Kranzberga odnosi się do każdego rozwiązania technologicznego stosowanego w społeczeństwie. Jednakże jak wskazują poniżej przytoczone przykłady, sztuczna inteligencja (SI) może stać się takim rodzajem katalizatora, który zwielokrotni skalę dotychczasowych szans, jak również problemów lub zagrożeń, z jakimi boryka się społeczeństwo albo wykreuje zupełnie nowe. Niniejsze opracowanie-ofiarowane Szacownemu Jubilatowi Panu Profesorowi Andrzejowi Rzeplińskiemu-w założeniu ma stanowić jedynie przyczynek do dyskusji na określony w tytule problem badawczy sformułowany w oparciu o literaturę przedmiotu z zakresu kryminologii, prawa, nauk o bezpieczeństwie. W ten sposób chciałbym nawiązać do dorobku Pana Profesora w zakresie ochrony praw człowieka, w szczególności relacji między obywatelem a państwem, a także aktywności orzeczniczej w Trybunale Konstytucyjnym, gdzie również problemy wykorzystania technologii przez aparat państwowy były rozstrzygane. 1. Próba zdefiniowania sztucznej inteligencji (SI) Wokół sztucznej inteligencji narosło wiele stereotypów 2. Jest to pojęcie używane w wielu obszarach życia społecznego, chociaż de facto brak jest jednoznacznej i ogólnie przyjętej definicji. Jednocześnie można zadać pytanie, jak częste są przypadki jej zaistnienia i zastosowania? Wbrew reklamom i zapewnieniom dostawców różnego rodzaju usług lub
Criminal Law and Artificial Intelligence – Selected Aspects, L. Lai, M. Świerczyński (eds.),, 2021
This chapter focuses on selected issues of the functioning of AI in the lives of individuals and ... more This chapter focuses on selected issues of the functioning of AI in the lives of individuals and of wider society in the context of criminal law evaluation of the behaviour of the former. AI can be both a tool in the hands of perpetrators, and the object of perpetration of an offence, or even an interest protected by law. The author set himself the task of exploring the object of research at the interface between criminal law (and other penal sciences) and AI. At the outset, it was stipulated that it is too early to write about criminal liability of AI, which is due to the prerequisites for this type of legal liability, and the specific features of penal sanctions. It cannot be dismissed that a separate legal regime for AI may one day be established. The author focuses primarily on selected issues related to use of AI by people who may be criminally liable. A number of questions have been asked. To what extent do the definitions of the existing features of criminal offences also cover AI? To what extent is it reasonable to create new or qualified types of offences involving the use of AI? To what extent is the offender aware of the functionality of the AI he/she is using? To what extent should we protect AI through criminal law? The conclusions indicate the main objectives of further research work on AI in the context of criminal law. First and foremost, one should strive to avoid generating risks associated with this technology. The second objective is to highlight the proper—that is, subsidiary—role of criminal law in the wider system governing AI.
Prawo w Działaniu
The author of the article analyzes the mutual relations between the concepts of cybercrime and cy... more The author of the article analyzes the mutual relations between the concepts of cybercrime and cyberterrorism in the context of Polish criminal law, drawing on criminological knowledge. The aim of the study is to describe this problem from a normative perspective and propose appropriate changes in the criminal policy of the Polish legislature. The main subject of the doctrinal research, which is also based on a review of relevant domestic and foreign literature, is the scope of the concept of cybercrime in relation to the fulfillment of the conditions specified in Article 115 § 20 of the Criminal Code, which pertain to terrorist offenses. Based on the conducted research, it has been observed that not all cybercrimes covered by the Polish Criminal Code meet the conditions described in Article 155 § 20 of the Criminal Code and therefore cannot be considered as cyberterrorism. This primarily stems from the formal criterion of a higher penalty, which cannot be lower than 5 years of impr...
Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG eBooks, 2021
Białostockie Studia Prawnicze, 2011
International Journal of Criminal Justice Sciences, 2008
Digital Investigation, Jun 1, 2012
Internal security, Dec 31, 2016
This article presents the overall inter-institutional relations within the system for counteracti... more This article presents the overall inter-institutional relations within the system for counteracting and, in part, combating the financing of terrorism at a national and international level. A brief analysis of the national and international legal aspects of the elements of the system was made. A key institution in this is the financial intelligence unit. In the case of Poland this is the General Inspector for Financial Information. Therefore, a most extensive analysis was made of the activities of this State body from the official annual reports published on the website of the Ministry of Finance. The study covered an eleven year period,that is, from 2004 to 2015. This paper is the starting point for discussing the scope of the institutional framework, preceded by relevant research, in the fight against financing terrorism at a strategic level. The summary expresses the Author’s view on the scope of activities of the General Inspector of Financial Information at the operational, tactical and strategic level.
Białostockie Studia Prawnicze, 2009
Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny, 2006
Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny, 2003
SAGE Publications, Inc. eBooks, Jul 5, 2013
Białostockie Studia Prawnicze, 2011
Information Sciences, Feb 1, 2015
Internal security, Dec 30, 2020
. The aim of this study is to present the possibilities of using structured analytical techniques... more . The aim of this study is to present the possibilities of using structured analytical techniques in building investigative versions. They may relate to ongoing criminal or operational proceedings, but also allow verification of versions created for the purposes of supervision or evaluation of other proceedings. In this area, the study complements and at the same time extends the existing knowledge in the field of forensic tactics. The author presented the current state of knowledge on the methods of building criminal versions and the theoretical justification for the introduction of these techniques to the practice of law enforcement agencies in this aspect. An outline of the methodology of the application of analytical techniques in the construction of new and verification of existing research methods is also presented. This study is based on the author’s speech at the 3rd National Scientific Conference entitled ‘Police X Files’ organised by the Faculty of Law and Administration University of Lodz from September 26th–28th, 2018.
Archiwum Kryminologii, 2006
Legalising proceeds of crime has been criminalised since 1995 in Poland when the Protection of Ec... more Legalising proceeds of crime has been criminalised since 1995 in Poland when the Protection of Economic Turnover Act came in force. The trouble was that no one had an idea what it was. Few cases were investigated and most of tchem were dismissed by the court. The necessary studies became inevitable in order to measure the phenomenon. There have been two major fields of research concerning the money laundering issue: the methods of legalising proceeds of crime and building and organising anti-money laundering regime in Poland. The first issue refers to the problem of the phenomenology of money laundering. It covers studies of criminal cases in order to analyse methods used by the launderers. The experts are trying to answer several basic questions: how the proceeds of crime are being legalised, which financial and non-financial institutions are abused, how much money is being laundered. is there a method typical for Poland, etc. The second field of research covers the functioning of ...
Springer eBooks, Jan 21, 2007
This paper analyses organised crime policies in Poland. The next section reconstructs their emerg... more This paper analyses organised crime policies in Poland. The next section reconstructs their emergence since the fall of the socialist regime in 1989. The following section describes the relevant associational offences and examines the main legislative ad hoc measures introduced to repress and prevent organised crime. The fourth section reviews the most relevant institutional changes. Some final comments follow.
Internal Security, 2016
This article presents the overall inter-institutional relations within the system for counteracti... more This article presents the overall inter-institutional relations within the system for counteracting and, in part, combating the financing of terrorism at a national and international level. A brief analysis of the national and international legal aspects of the elements of the system was made. A key institution in this is the financial intelligence unit. In the case of Poland this is the General Inspector for Financial Information. Therefore, a most extensive analysis was made of the activities of this State body from the official annual reports published on the website of the Ministry of Finance. The study covered an eleven year period,that is, from 2004 to 2015. This paper is the starting point for discussing the scope of the institutional framework, preceded by relevant research, in the fight against financing terrorism at a strategic level. The summary expresses the Author’s view on the scope of activities of the General Inspector of Financial Information at the operational, tac...
B. Błońska, Ł. Chojniak, B. Gruszczyńska, A. Kosyło, K. Witkowska-Rozpara, D. Woźniakowska-Fajst (red.), O wolność i prawo. Księga jubileuszowa dedykowana Profesorowi Andrzejowi Rzeplińskiemu, Wolters Kluwer, Warszawa 2022, 2022
Powyżej przytoczony cytat M. Kranzberga odnosi się do każdego rozwiązania technologicznego stosow... more Powyżej przytoczony cytat M. Kranzberga odnosi się do każdego rozwiązania technologicznego stosowanego w społeczeństwie. Jednakże jak wskazują poniżej przytoczone przykłady, sztuczna inteligencja (SI) może stać się takim rodzajem katalizatora, który zwielokrotni skalę dotychczasowych szans, jak również problemów lub zagrożeń, z jakimi boryka się społeczeństwo albo wykreuje zupełnie nowe. Niniejsze opracowanie-ofiarowane Szacownemu Jubilatowi Panu Profesorowi Andrzejowi Rzeplińskiemu-w założeniu ma stanowić jedynie przyczynek do dyskusji na określony w tytule problem badawczy sformułowany w oparciu o literaturę przedmiotu z zakresu kryminologii, prawa, nauk o bezpieczeństwie. W ten sposób chciałbym nawiązać do dorobku Pana Profesora w zakresie ochrony praw człowieka, w szczególności relacji między obywatelem a państwem, a także aktywności orzeczniczej w Trybunale Konstytucyjnym, gdzie również problemy wykorzystania technologii przez aparat państwowy były rozstrzygane. 1. Próba zdefiniowania sztucznej inteligencji (SI) Wokół sztucznej inteligencji narosło wiele stereotypów 2. Jest to pojęcie używane w wielu obszarach życia społecznego, chociaż de facto brak jest jednoznacznej i ogólnie przyjętej definicji. Jednocześnie można zadać pytanie, jak częste są przypadki jej zaistnienia i zastosowania? Wbrew reklamom i zapewnieniom dostawców różnego rodzaju usług lub
Criminal Law and Artificial Intelligence – Selected Aspects, L. Lai, M. Świerczyński (eds.),, 2021
This chapter focuses on selected issues of the functioning of AI in the lives of individuals and ... more This chapter focuses on selected issues of the functioning of AI in the lives of individuals and of wider society in the context of criminal law evaluation of the behaviour of the former. AI can be both a tool in the hands of perpetrators, and the object of perpetration of an offence, or even an interest protected by law. The author set himself the task of exploring the object of research at the interface between criminal law (and other penal sciences) and AI. At the outset, it was stipulated that it is too early to write about criminal liability of AI, which is due to the prerequisites for this type of legal liability, and the specific features of penal sanctions. It cannot be dismissed that a separate legal regime for AI may one day be established. The author focuses primarily on selected issues related to use of AI by people who may be criminally liable. A number of questions have been asked. To what extent do the definitions of the existing features of criminal offences also cover AI? To what extent is it reasonable to create new or qualified types of offences involving the use of AI? To what extent is the offender aware of the functionality of the AI he/she is using? To what extent should we protect AI through criminal law? The conclusions indicate the main objectives of further research work on AI in the context of criminal law. First and foremost, one should strive to avoid generating risks associated with this technology. The second objective is to highlight the proper—that is, subsidiary—role of criminal law in the wider system governing AI.
W celu eksploracji problemu kontroli sprawowanej przez Prezesów Sądów Apelacyjnych nad notariusza... more W celu eksploracji problemu kontroli sprawowanej przez Prezesów Sądów Apelacyjnych nad notariuszami w zakresie stosowania przepisów dotyczących przeciwdziałania praniu pieniędzy przygotowano badania empiryczne. Postawiono główny problem badawczy: w jaki sposób praktycznie jest wykonywana kontrola Prezesów Sądów Apelacyjnych nad notariuszami w zakresie stosowania przepisów dotyczących przeciwdziałania praniu pieniędzy? Ustalono, że populację badawczą stanowi jedenastu Prezesów Sądów Apelacyjnych w Polsce. Uzyskano w ten sposób 7 wypełnionych kwestionariusz spośród 11 wszystkich, co stanowi 63,63% populacji
Niniejsze opracowanie stawia sobie za cel – po pierwsze – przedstawienie elementów składających s... more Niniejsze opracowanie stawia sobie za cel – po pierwsze – przedstawienie elementów składających się na system przeciwdziałania zjawisku foreign terrorist fighters (FTF). Zwrócono także uwagę na kwestie definicyjne. W oparciu o dostępne dokumenty organizacji międzynarodowych takich jak oraz akty prawne przede wszystkim o charakterze międzynarodowym dokonano wyodrębnienia tychże elementów. Pochodziły one z Organizacji Narodów Zjednoczonych, Interpolu, Rady Europy i Unii Europejskiej. Po drugie, dokonano ich konstruktywnej krytyki oraz usystematyzowano biorąc pod uwagę zakres podmioty i środowiskowy oddziaływania. Unijna strategia antyterrorystyczna stanowiła podstawowe tło dla prowadzonych rozważań. Pozwoliło to na ujawnienie obszarów, które zdaniem autora wymagają jeszcze dalszych pracy na forum międzynawowym i krajowym. Po trzecie, posłużono się dla celów ilustracyjnych przykładem polskiej jednostki wywiadu finansowego w kontekście jej zaangażowania w ujawniania i przeciwdziałanie zjawisku FTF.
Niniejsze opracowanie stawia sobie za cel przedstawienie założeń Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) ... more Niniejsze opracowanie stawia sobie za cel przedstawienie założeń Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) jako przykładu właśnie takiego kompleksowego podejścia do zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa systemów teleinformatycznych oraz ujęcie go w kategorie kryminalistyczne. Należy także podkreślić, iż jest to także obszar zainteresowania proponowanego przez Autora pojęcia kryminalistyki bezpieczeństwa.
I want to know Your opinion: should I publish it? should I make some changes? where should I try ... more I want to know Your opinion: should I publish it? should I make some changes? where should I try to publish it?
Or do You think it should be kept hidden from the public? :-)
Or You want to be a co-author with valuable input?