John Bratten | University of West Florida (original) (raw)

Papers by John Bratten

Research paper thumbnail of The ratting of North America: A 350-year retrospective on <i>Rattus</i> species compositions and competition

Science advances, Apr 5, 2024

While the impacts of black (Rattus rattus) and brown (Rattus norvegicus) rats on human society ar... more While the impacts of black (Rattus rattus) and brown (Rattus norvegicus) rats on human society are well documentedincluding the spread of disease, broad-scale environmental destruction, and billions spent annually on animal control-little is known about their ecology and behavior in urban areas due to the challenges of studying animals in city environments. We use isotopic and ZooMS analysis of archaeological (1550s-1900 CE) rat remains from eastern North America to provide a large-scale framework for species arrival, interspecific competition, and dietary ecology. Brown rats arrived earlier than expected and rapidly outcompeted black rats in coastal urban areas. This replacement happened despite evidence that the two species occupy different trophic positions. Findings include the earliest molecularly confirmed brown rat in the Americas and show a deep ecological structure to how rats exploit humanstructured areas, with implications for understanding urban zoonosis, rat management, and ecosystem planning as well as broader themes of rat dispersal, phylogeny, evolutionary ecology, and climate impacts.

Research paper thumbnail of The ratting of North America: A 350-year retrospective on <i>Rattus</i> species compositions and competition

Science advances, Apr 5, 2024

While the impacts of black (Rattus rattus) and brown (Rattus norvegicus) rats on human society ar... more While the impacts of black (Rattus rattus) and brown (Rattus norvegicus) rats on human society are well documentedincluding the spread of disease, broad-scale environmental destruction, and billions spent annually on animal control-little is known about their ecology and behavior in urban areas due to the challenges of studying animals in city environments. We use isotopic and ZooMS analysis of archaeological (1550s-1900 CE) rat remains from eastern North America to provide a large-scale framework for species arrival, interspecific competition, and dietary ecology. Brown rats arrived earlier than expected and rapidly outcompeted black rats in coastal urban areas. This replacement happened despite evidence that the two species occupy different trophic positions. Findings include the earliest molecularly confirmed brown rat in the Americas and show a deep ecological structure to how rats exploit humanstructured areas, with implications for understanding urban zoonosis, rat management, and ecosystem planning as well as broader themes of rat dispersal, phylogeny, evolutionary ecology, and climate impacts.

Research paper thumbnail of Artifacts from Luna’s Settlement and Shipwrecks

Research paper thumbnail of What We Learned

University Press of Florida eBooks, Feb 24, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Limited historical admixture between European wildcats and domestic cats

Research paper thumbnail of Palaeogenomic Evidence for the Long-Term Reproductive Isolation Between Wild and Domestic Cats

Research paper thumbnail of The gondola Philadelphia & the Battle of Lake Champlain

Choice Reviews Online, 2003

A veteran of the American Revolutionary War, the Philadelphia is the oldest intact warship on dis... more A veteran of the American Revolutionary War, the Philadelphia is the oldest intact warship on display in North America. After its recovery from the bottom of Lake Champlain in 1935, the fifty-four foot long vessel, armed with three cannon and eight swivel guns, was moved to the National Museum of American History at the Smithsonian Institution. The Philadelphia testifies to the heroic struggle between a hastily built fleet of American warships and an overwhelmingly superior British fleet on Lake Champlain in 1776. Although the Americans were defeated and the Philadelphia was sunk, the shipbuilding race and naval contest of which the gondola was a part delayed the British invasion, giving the Americans time to muster a defense that resulted in the British defeat at Saratoga in 1777. In this work, John R. Bratten details the gunboat's history, construction, armament, tools, utensils, personal items, and rigging elements. Through his careful analysis, Bratten offers modern readers a glimpse of the naval battles that ultimately helped to win the independence of our democratic nation.

Research paper thumbnail of What We Learned

<p>Based on field, laboratory, and archival research, discoveries made at the shipwreck sys... more <p>Based on field, laboratory, and archival research, discoveries made at the shipwreck systematically told their stories, allowing the wrecked ship and its remains to be closely dated and identified as part of the Luna fleet that sank in 1559 during a violent hurricane in Pensacola Bay. At that time, the ship was a veteran of transatlantic trade, subsequently joining the Luna expedition as one of the larger vessels carrying people and their supplies to Florida.</p>

Research paper thumbnail of Research Updates on the Emanuel Point II Shipwreck Project, the Study of a Vessel from Luna’s 1559 Fleet

Society for Historical Archaeology, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of New Discoveries

Florida's Lost Galleon, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of What They Left Behind

Florida's Lost Galleon, 2018

More than 5,000 artifacts and ecofacts are recovered during the two investigative campaigns. Alth... more More than 5,000 artifacts and ecofacts are recovered during the two investigative campaigns. Although the ship was salvaged by survivors after sinking, elements of the ship’s equipment, armament, precious cargoes, and remnants of its last voyage of colonization were recovered from the lower hull. Although waterlogged after centuries in the sea, these materials, including shoe leather and ceramics, botanical and faunal remains, and galleywares and other tools, were found in excellent stages of preservation.

Research paper thumbnail of The Materials of Colonization

Research paper thumbnail of From Excavation to the Laboratory: A Multi-faceted Analysis of the Emanuel Point Shipwrecks

Research paper thumbnail of The Continental gondola Philadelphia

Research paper thumbnail of An Influx of Yankee Dollars and Ingenuity: The Archaeological Remains of Northwest Florida’s Cypress Logging Industry

Research paper thumbnail of Artifacts from Luna’s Settlement and Shipwrecks

Research paper thumbnail of The First Emanuel Point Ship: Archaeological Investigation of a 16th-Century Spanish Colonization Vessel

Research paper thumbnail of Archaeology in the Laboratory:: Artifact Conservation

Research paper thumbnail of Way Hay and Up She Rises: The Recovery, Conservation, and Documentation of a Historic Admiralty Anchor from the Gulf of Mexico

Research paper thumbnail of What We Learned:: Conclusions

<p>Based on field, laboratory, and archival research, discoveries made at the shipwreck sys... more <p>Based on field, laboratory, and archival research, discoveries made at the shipwreck systematically told their stories, allowing the wrecked ship and its remains to be closely dated and identified as part of the Luna fleet that sank in 1559 during a violent hurricane in Pensacola Bay. At that time, the ship was a veteran of transatlantic trade, subsequently joining the Luna expedition as one of the larger vessels carrying people and their supplies to Florida.</p>

Research paper thumbnail of The ratting of North America: A 350-year retrospective on <i>Rattus</i> species compositions and competition

Science advances, Apr 5, 2024

While the impacts of black (Rattus rattus) and brown (Rattus norvegicus) rats on human society ar... more While the impacts of black (Rattus rattus) and brown (Rattus norvegicus) rats on human society are well documentedincluding the spread of disease, broad-scale environmental destruction, and billions spent annually on animal control-little is known about their ecology and behavior in urban areas due to the challenges of studying animals in city environments. We use isotopic and ZooMS analysis of archaeological (1550s-1900 CE) rat remains from eastern North America to provide a large-scale framework for species arrival, interspecific competition, and dietary ecology. Brown rats arrived earlier than expected and rapidly outcompeted black rats in coastal urban areas. This replacement happened despite evidence that the two species occupy different trophic positions. Findings include the earliest molecularly confirmed brown rat in the Americas and show a deep ecological structure to how rats exploit humanstructured areas, with implications for understanding urban zoonosis, rat management, and ecosystem planning as well as broader themes of rat dispersal, phylogeny, evolutionary ecology, and climate impacts.

Research paper thumbnail of The ratting of North America: A 350-year retrospective on <i>Rattus</i> species compositions and competition

Science advances, Apr 5, 2024

While the impacts of black (Rattus rattus) and brown (Rattus norvegicus) rats on human society ar... more While the impacts of black (Rattus rattus) and brown (Rattus norvegicus) rats on human society are well documentedincluding the spread of disease, broad-scale environmental destruction, and billions spent annually on animal control-little is known about their ecology and behavior in urban areas due to the challenges of studying animals in city environments. We use isotopic and ZooMS analysis of archaeological (1550s-1900 CE) rat remains from eastern North America to provide a large-scale framework for species arrival, interspecific competition, and dietary ecology. Brown rats arrived earlier than expected and rapidly outcompeted black rats in coastal urban areas. This replacement happened despite evidence that the two species occupy different trophic positions. Findings include the earliest molecularly confirmed brown rat in the Americas and show a deep ecological structure to how rats exploit humanstructured areas, with implications for understanding urban zoonosis, rat management, and ecosystem planning as well as broader themes of rat dispersal, phylogeny, evolutionary ecology, and climate impacts.

Research paper thumbnail of Artifacts from Luna’s Settlement and Shipwrecks

Research paper thumbnail of What We Learned

University Press of Florida eBooks, Feb 24, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Limited historical admixture between European wildcats and domestic cats

Research paper thumbnail of Palaeogenomic Evidence for the Long-Term Reproductive Isolation Between Wild and Domestic Cats

Research paper thumbnail of The gondola Philadelphia & the Battle of Lake Champlain

Choice Reviews Online, 2003

A veteran of the American Revolutionary War, the Philadelphia is the oldest intact warship on dis... more A veteran of the American Revolutionary War, the Philadelphia is the oldest intact warship on display in North America. After its recovery from the bottom of Lake Champlain in 1935, the fifty-four foot long vessel, armed with three cannon and eight swivel guns, was moved to the National Museum of American History at the Smithsonian Institution. The Philadelphia testifies to the heroic struggle between a hastily built fleet of American warships and an overwhelmingly superior British fleet on Lake Champlain in 1776. Although the Americans were defeated and the Philadelphia was sunk, the shipbuilding race and naval contest of which the gondola was a part delayed the British invasion, giving the Americans time to muster a defense that resulted in the British defeat at Saratoga in 1777. In this work, John R. Bratten details the gunboat's history, construction, armament, tools, utensils, personal items, and rigging elements. Through his careful analysis, Bratten offers modern readers a glimpse of the naval battles that ultimately helped to win the independence of our democratic nation.

Research paper thumbnail of What We Learned

<p>Based on field, laboratory, and archival research, discoveries made at the shipwreck sys... more <p>Based on field, laboratory, and archival research, discoveries made at the shipwreck systematically told their stories, allowing the wrecked ship and its remains to be closely dated and identified as part of the Luna fleet that sank in 1559 during a violent hurricane in Pensacola Bay. At that time, the ship was a veteran of transatlantic trade, subsequently joining the Luna expedition as one of the larger vessels carrying people and their supplies to Florida.</p>

Research paper thumbnail of Research Updates on the Emanuel Point II Shipwreck Project, the Study of a Vessel from Luna’s 1559 Fleet

Society for Historical Archaeology, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of New Discoveries

Florida's Lost Galleon, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of What They Left Behind

Florida's Lost Galleon, 2018

More than 5,000 artifacts and ecofacts are recovered during the two investigative campaigns. Alth... more More than 5,000 artifacts and ecofacts are recovered during the two investigative campaigns. Although the ship was salvaged by survivors after sinking, elements of the ship’s equipment, armament, precious cargoes, and remnants of its last voyage of colonization were recovered from the lower hull. Although waterlogged after centuries in the sea, these materials, including shoe leather and ceramics, botanical and faunal remains, and galleywares and other tools, were found in excellent stages of preservation.

Research paper thumbnail of The Materials of Colonization

Research paper thumbnail of From Excavation to the Laboratory: A Multi-faceted Analysis of the Emanuel Point Shipwrecks

Research paper thumbnail of The Continental gondola Philadelphia

Research paper thumbnail of An Influx of Yankee Dollars and Ingenuity: The Archaeological Remains of Northwest Florida’s Cypress Logging Industry

Research paper thumbnail of Artifacts from Luna’s Settlement and Shipwrecks

Research paper thumbnail of The First Emanuel Point Ship: Archaeological Investigation of a 16th-Century Spanish Colonization Vessel

Research paper thumbnail of Archaeology in the Laboratory:: Artifact Conservation

Research paper thumbnail of Way Hay and Up She Rises: The Recovery, Conservation, and Documentation of a Historic Admiralty Anchor from the Gulf of Mexico

Research paper thumbnail of What We Learned:: Conclusions

<p>Based on field, laboratory, and archival research, discoveries made at the shipwreck sys... more <p>Based on field, laboratory, and archival research, discoveries made at the shipwreck systematically told their stories, allowing the wrecked ship and its remains to be closely dated and identified as part of the Luna fleet that sank in 1559 during a violent hurricane in Pensacola Bay. At that time, the ship was a veteran of transatlantic trade, subsequently joining the Luna expedition as one of the larger vessels carrying people and their supplies to Florida.</p>