Roman Zwicky | University of Zurich, Switzerland (original) (raw)

Papers by Roman Zwicky

Research paper thumbnail of Towards the ‘just city’? Exploring the attitudes of European city mayors

Urban Research & Practice, 2020

After decades of equity oriented urban policies, the advent of neo-liberalism and the more recent... more After decades of equity oriented urban policies, the advent of neo-liberalism and the more recent great recession have led to their successive dismantling. On the other hand, these developments, coupled with continuing massive immigration, have led to a call for a 'just city' agenda (Fainstein, 2010) where policies and planning are directed towards equity, diversity and citizen participation rather than growth and cultural protectionism. Given the difficult economic and social environment, however, it is not clear whether such an agenda finds political support even at the level of cities. In this paper, we put forward both a descriptive and an explanatory research question. Firstly, can we find local political support for the 'just city' ideal in Europe? Secondly, what are the local conditions conducive to embracing this ideal? Building on a recent European survey of city mayors, we present a first assessment of local orientations towards the 'just city'. Our cluster-analysis reveals a substantial share of favourably inclined mayors spread unequally across European countries. Capitalizing on subnational variation in mayoral attitudes, our multivariate regressions confirm a strong positive association with leftist party ideology, while also identifying favourable conditions for Christian and conservative mayors (mediumsized cities, low influence of the business sector). Strong voluntary associations, in contrast, are rather associated with participatory and egalitarian mayoral attitudes, but not with a positive stance towards diversity. Moreover, the positive predisposition of leftist mayors seems to wain with increasing dependency on EU funding. The exploratory study thus opens new avenues for further research.

Research paper thumbnail of Kirchliche Tätigkeiten mit gesamtgesellschaftlicher Bedeutung im Kanton Zürich: Schlussbericht

Abbildung 1: Kantonale Kostenbeiträge und materielle Werte der TmggB der ERL und der RKK 16 Abbil... more Abbildung 1: Kantonale Kostenbeiträge und materielle Werte der TmggB der ERL und der RKK 16 Abbildung: 2 Übersicht zu den fünf Kategorien kirchlicher Tätigkeiten 24 Abbildung 3: Drei Varianten der Abgrenzung der kirchlichen Tätigkeiten 29 Abbildung 4: Anzahl erfasster Angebote pro Erfassungsmonat (ERL: N=55'792; RKK: N=30'574) 35 Abbildung 5: Verteilung der monetarisierten Angebotsleistungen auf die Tätigkeitsbereiche nach Typ der erfassenden Stellen 43 Abbildung 6: Histogramm zum Kreis der Nutzenden der kirchlichen Angebote (N=83'986) 46 Abbildung 7: Verteilung der Angebote nach Nutzung und Tätigkeitsbereich (N=84'527) 48 Abbildung 8: Verteilung der Angebote und Beiträge der ERL auf die vier Tätigkeitskategorien 61 Abbildung 9: Verteilung der Angebote und Beiträge der RKK auf die vier Tätigkeitskategorien 63 Abbildung 10: Gesamtgesellschaftliche Bedeutung der ökumenischen Tätigkeiten 64 Abbildung 11: Verteilung der kirchlichen Tätigkeiten der beiden Landeskirchen 66 Abbildung 12:Verteilung der Tätigkeitsbereiche innerhalb der Tätigkeitskategorien nach Landeskirche 68 Abbildung 13: Verteilung der Zielgruppen auf die Tätigkeitskategorien nach Landeskirche 70 Abbildung 14: Kantonale Kostenbeiträge und Wert der TmggB der ERL und der RKK 73 Abbildung 15: Steuererträge der juristischen Personen und Wert der nicht-kultischen Tätigkeiten der ERL und RKK 75 Abbildung 16: Grösse der Tätigkeitskategorien der ERL und RKK und die entsprechenden Finanzierungsmöglichkeiten 76 Abbildung 17: Beteiligung an der Befragung nach Bezirken 79 Abbildung 18: Beteiligung an der Befragung nach Gemeindetypen 80 Abbildung 19: Beteiligung an der Befragung nach Gemeindegrössen 81 Abbildung 20: Wahrnehmung der kirchlichen Tätigkeiten 82 Abbildung 21: Häufigkeiten der Anteile der Kirchenmitglieder, die hauptsächlich von den kirchlichen Tätigkeiten profitieren 83 Abbildung 22: Zielgruppen der kirchlichen Angebote-Bedürfnis und wahrgenommenes Angebot 84 Abbildung 23: Wichtigkeit der kirchlichen Angebote 85 Abbildung 24: Änderungsbedarf beim Umfang der kirchlichen Angebote 86 Abbildungsverzeichnis Studie: Kirchliche Tätigkeiten mit gesamtgesellschaftlicher Bedeutung im Kanton Zürich

Research paper thumbnail of Topkader und Mehrsprachigkeit in der Bundesverwaltung

Research paper thumbnail of The european citizens initiative from comparative perspective

Research paper thumbnail of Microfoundations of Active Representation in Public Bureaucracies: Evidence From a Survey of Personnel Recruitment in the Swiss Federal Civil Service

Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 2018

This article investigates the link between passive (descriptive) and active (substantive) represe... more This article investigates the link between passive (descriptive) and active (substantive) representation in public bureaucracies. Previous studies on this topic mostly focused on the US context, where race and gender are the most salient aspects of bureaucratic representation. In Switzerland, representation of the various cultural communities in the federal bureaucracy is the most salient issue. Active representation is operationalized as administrators' preferences for minority origin, as well as for skills in minority languages when selecting candidates in personnel recruitment processes. We use a structural equation model to analyze individual-level data from a survey of administrators in the Swiss federal civil service. Findings are that passive representation fosters active representation not only at the level of individual bureaucrats, but also at the level of the agencies as the main bureaucratic work environment. Moreover, we find that effects of passive on active representation are not direct but mediated by administrators' sensitivity to issues related to minority representation. Sensitivity to minority conditions therefore appears as the main microfoundation for active representation of minority interest, and as a core explanatory factor for active representation outside of demographic congruence.

Research paper thumbnail of A research agenda for the regulation of non-medical cannabis use in Switzerland

In Switzerland, cannabis has been illegal since 1951. Recently, decriminalizing cannabis has been... more In Switzerland, cannabis has been illegal since 1951. Recently, decriminalizing cannabis has been discussed in the Federal Assembly. Developments in other countries received increased attention and stimulated further discussions on reforms. Regulatory approaches in other countries vary widely, but firm scientific evidence on the effects of instruments is still scarce. Some Swiss cities launched initiatives to conduct pilot trials with cannabis in order to find evidence-based alternatives to the status quo, which is marked by various inconsistencies. An initial request by the city of Bern to the Federal Office of Public Health (FOPH) was rejected in 2017 due to lack of legal basis, but contributed to the establishment of an experimental article for pilot trials with cannabis in the following years. The Ordinance on pilot trials in accordance with the Narcotics Act (BetmPV) allows cantons, municipalities, universities and other organizations to conduct pilot trials to gain scientific knowledge about alternative approaches to regulate the non-medical use of cannabis. The ordinance lists various conditions that must be met before an application is approved by the FOPH. With a view to future pilot trials, the FOPH has mandated Prof. Daniel Kübler and his team from the Department of Political Science at the University of Zurich (IPZ) to develop a research agenda focusing on new legal approaches to cannabis regulation. This agenda aims to serve as a guideline for the generation of scientific evidence related not only to the cannabis pilot trials, but also with respect to additional questions related to cannabis regulation, and to reflect on research coordination and funding.

Research paper thumbnail of “Urban interventionism” in welfare and planning: National typologies and “local cultures” in Europe

Journal of Urban Affairs, 2020

Comparative research on welfare and planning has traditionally been based on broadly defined typo... more Comparative research on welfare and planning has traditionally been based on broadly defined typologies of national welfare state and planning systems, thereby neglecting the role of local “culture...

Research paper thumbnail of Towards the ‘just city’? Exploring the attitudes of European city mayors

Urban Research & Practice, 2020

After decades of equity oriented urban policies, the advent of neo-liberalism and the more recent... more After decades of equity oriented urban policies, the advent of neo-liberalism and the more recent great recession have led to their successive dismantling. On the other hand, these developments, coupled with continuing massive immigration, have led to a call for a 'just city' agenda (Fainstein, 2010) where policies and planning are directed towards equity, diversity and citizen participation rather than growth and cultural protectionism. Given the difficult economic and social environment, however, it is not clear whether such an agenda finds political support even at the level of cities. In this paper, we put forward both a descriptive and an explanatory research question. Firstly, can we find local political support for the 'just city' ideal in Europe? Secondly, what are the local conditions conducive to embracing this ideal? Building on a recent European survey of city mayors, we present a first assessment of local orientations towards the 'just city'. Our cluster-analysis reveals a substantial share of favourably inclined mayors spread unequally across European countries. Capitalizing on subnational variation in mayoral attitudes, our multivariate regressions confirm a strong positive association with leftist party ideology, while also identifying favourable conditions for Christian and conservative mayors (mediumsized cities, low influence of the business sector). Strong voluntary associations, in contrast, are rather associated with participatory and egalitarian mayoral attitudes, but not with a positive stance towards diversity. Moreover, the positive predisposition of leftist mayors seems to wain with increasing dependency on EU funding. The exploratory study thus opens new avenues for further research.

Research paper thumbnail of Kirchliche Tätigkeiten mit gesamtgesellschaftlicher Bedeutung im Kanton Zürich: Schlussbericht

Abbildung 1: Kantonale Kostenbeiträge und materielle Werte der TmggB der ERL und der RKK 16 Abbil... more Abbildung 1: Kantonale Kostenbeiträge und materielle Werte der TmggB der ERL und der RKK 16 Abbildung: 2 Übersicht zu den fünf Kategorien kirchlicher Tätigkeiten 24 Abbildung 3: Drei Varianten der Abgrenzung der kirchlichen Tätigkeiten 29 Abbildung 4: Anzahl erfasster Angebote pro Erfassungsmonat (ERL: N=55'792; RKK: N=30'574) 35 Abbildung 5: Verteilung der monetarisierten Angebotsleistungen auf die Tätigkeitsbereiche nach Typ der erfassenden Stellen 43 Abbildung 6: Histogramm zum Kreis der Nutzenden der kirchlichen Angebote (N=83'986) 46 Abbildung 7: Verteilung der Angebote nach Nutzung und Tätigkeitsbereich (N=84'527) 48 Abbildung 8: Verteilung der Angebote und Beiträge der ERL auf die vier Tätigkeitskategorien 61 Abbildung 9: Verteilung der Angebote und Beiträge der RKK auf die vier Tätigkeitskategorien 63 Abbildung 10: Gesamtgesellschaftliche Bedeutung der ökumenischen Tätigkeiten 64 Abbildung 11: Verteilung der kirchlichen Tätigkeiten der beiden Landeskirchen 66 Abbildung 12:Verteilung der Tätigkeitsbereiche innerhalb der Tätigkeitskategorien nach Landeskirche 68 Abbildung 13: Verteilung der Zielgruppen auf die Tätigkeitskategorien nach Landeskirche 70 Abbildung 14: Kantonale Kostenbeiträge und Wert der TmggB der ERL und der RKK 73 Abbildung 15: Steuererträge der juristischen Personen und Wert der nicht-kultischen Tätigkeiten der ERL und RKK 75 Abbildung 16: Grösse der Tätigkeitskategorien der ERL und RKK und die entsprechenden Finanzierungsmöglichkeiten 76 Abbildung 17: Beteiligung an der Befragung nach Bezirken 79 Abbildung 18: Beteiligung an der Befragung nach Gemeindetypen 80 Abbildung 19: Beteiligung an der Befragung nach Gemeindegrössen 81 Abbildung 20: Wahrnehmung der kirchlichen Tätigkeiten 82 Abbildung 21: Häufigkeiten der Anteile der Kirchenmitglieder, die hauptsächlich von den kirchlichen Tätigkeiten profitieren 83 Abbildung 22: Zielgruppen der kirchlichen Angebote-Bedürfnis und wahrgenommenes Angebot 84 Abbildung 23: Wichtigkeit der kirchlichen Angebote 85 Abbildung 24: Änderungsbedarf beim Umfang der kirchlichen Angebote 86 Abbildungsverzeichnis Studie: Kirchliche Tätigkeiten mit gesamtgesellschaftlicher Bedeutung im Kanton Zürich

Research paper thumbnail of Topkader und Mehrsprachigkeit in der Bundesverwaltung

Research paper thumbnail of The european citizens initiative from comparative perspective

Research paper thumbnail of Microfoundations of Active Representation in Public Bureaucracies: Evidence From a Survey of Personnel Recruitment in the Swiss Federal Civil Service

Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 2018

This article investigates the link between passive (descriptive) and active (substantive) represe... more This article investigates the link between passive (descriptive) and active (substantive) representation in public bureaucracies. Previous studies on this topic mostly focused on the US context, where race and gender are the most salient aspects of bureaucratic representation. In Switzerland, representation of the various cultural communities in the federal bureaucracy is the most salient issue. Active representation is operationalized as administrators' preferences for minority origin, as well as for skills in minority languages when selecting candidates in personnel recruitment processes. We use a structural equation model to analyze individual-level data from a survey of administrators in the Swiss federal civil service. Findings are that passive representation fosters active representation not only at the level of individual bureaucrats, but also at the level of the agencies as the main bureaucratic work environment. Moreover, we find that effects of passive on active representation are not direct but mediated by administrators' sensitivity to issues related to minority representation. Sensitivity to minority conditions therefore appears as the main microfoundation for active representation of minority interest, and as a core explanatory factor for active representation outside of demographic congruence.

Research paper thumbnail of A research agenda for the regulation of non-medical cannabis use in Switzerland

In Switzerland, cannabis has been illegal since 1951. Recently, decriminalizing cannabis has been... more In Switzerland, cannabis has been illegal since 1951. Recently, decriminalizing cannabis has been discussed in the Federal Assembly. Developments in other countries received increased attention and stimulated further discussions on reforms. Regulatory approaches in other countries vary widely, but firm scientific evidence on the effects of instruments is still scarce. Some Swiss cities launched initiatives to conduct pilot trials with cannabis in order to find evidence-based alternatives to the status quo, which is marked by various inconsistencies. An initial request by the city of Bern to the Federal Office of Public Health (FOPH) was rejected in 2017 due to lack of legal basis, but contributed to the establishment of an experimental article for pilot trials with cannabis in the following years. The Ordinance on pilot trials in accordance with the Narcotics Act (BetmPV) allows cantons, municipalities, universities and other organizations to conduct pilot trials to gain scientific knowledge about alternative approaches to regulate the non-medical use of cannabis. The ordinance lists various conditions that must be met before an application is approved by the FOPH. With a view to future pilot trials, the FOPH has mandated Prof. Daniel Kübler and his team from the Department of Political Science at the University of Zurich (IPZ) to develop a research agenda focusing on new legal approaches to cannabis regulation. This agenda aims to serve as a guideline for the generation of scientific evidence related not only to the cannabis pilot trials, but also with respect to additional questions related to cannabis regulation, and to reflect on research coordination and funding.

Research paper thumbnail of “Urban interventionism” in welfare and planning: National typologies and “local cultures” in Europe

Journal of Urban Affairs, 2020

Comparative research on welfare and planning has traditionally been based on broadly defined typo... more Comparative research on welfare and planning has traditionally been based on broadly defined typologies of national welfare state and planning systems, thereby neglecting the role of local “culture...