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Papers by Makhapa Makhafola
Asian Journal of Chemistry, Sep 28, 2019
Infectious diseases are a threat to the lives of many people worldwide [1]. Most infectious disea... more Infectious diseases are a threat to the lives of many people worldwide [1]. Most infectious diseases in human beings are caused by bacterial agents such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Proteus vulgaris [2] and many other microorganisms like fungi and viruses [3]. Phytochemicals also known as secondary plant metabolites in some plants possess antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory properties and other pharmacological activities. Such properties from plants have been recognised and used in the practice of traditional medicine to treat, heal and cure various diseases [4]. The plants under investigations are commonly used in South African traditional medicine as infusions, decoctions and tonics for treating diseases such as fever, colds, inflammation of the nasal passage, cancer and others. There is an assumption that these plants are effective and relatively safe for human consumption, because of their long history as curatives in traditional medicine. Despite the reputedly remedial benefits of such medicinal plants, a more rigorous evaluation may thus reveal the presence of toxic constituents harmful to the human body when
Fresenius Journal of Analytical Chemistry, Sep 1, 1996
A simple method for the determination of nitrite in foodstuffs by flow injection analysis is desc... more A simple method for the determination of nitrite in foodstuffs by flow injection analysis is described. Nitrite samples are prepared in a microwave oven, treated with a 1 mol/l NH4C1 solution at a pH of 9 (all under nitrogen atmosphere) and are immediately analysed. Nitrite is diazotised in the FIA system with N-(1-naphthyl) ethylenediammonium dichloride to form the highly coloured azo dye, which is measured at 540 nm. The detection limit is 0.036 mg/kg for sample injections of 400 µl. The sampling rate is about 50 samples per hour and the relative standard deviation is 0.67%.
Journal of analytical and bioanalytical techniques, Sep 29, 2015
Pharmaceutical regulatory affairs, Sep 30, 2014
Journal of analytical & bioanalytical techniques, Sep 8, 2014
Journal of Chromatography & Separation Techniques, Jun 30, 2017
Pharmaceutical regulatory affairs, Dec 3, 2013
Archives in chemical research, Jun 27, 2018
Journal of analytical and bioanalytical techniques, Oct 17, 2016
Chemical Communications, 2013
Applied Spectroscopy, Jul 31, 1996
Prep Biochem Biotechnol, 2002
A new bienzymatic amperometric sensor is proposed for the assay of the protein content of milk. T... more A new bienzymatic amperometric sensor is proposed for the assay of the protein content of milk. The sensor is based on two enzymes: carboxypeptidase A and L-amino acid oxidase. The response characteristics obtained for this sensor (detection limit of 1.5 micromol/L, linear concentration range between 1.8 and 2.8 micromol/L), as well as high selectivity over possible interferences from milk, made it applicable as a detector in flow injection analysis (FIA). The response characteristics obtained in the non-equilibrium conditions (FIA system) are: detection limit of 1.5 micromol/L and linear concentration range between 2 and 3.5 micromol/L. Without FIA, the average recovery of proteins from milk and milk products is 99.06 +/- 0.07% and, by utilization of FIA, it increased to 99.73 +/- 0.03. The sensor proved a good reliability for the assay of proteins in milk and milk products.
Preparative Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2002
A new bienzymatic amperometric sensor is proposed for the assay of the protein content of milk. T... more A new bienzymatic amperometric sensor is proposed for the assay of the protein content of milk. The sensor is based on two enzymes: carboxypeptidase A and L-amino acid oxidase. The response characteristics obtained for this sensor (detection limit of 1.5 micromol/L, linear concentration range between 1.8 and 2.8 micromol/L), as well as high selectivity over possible interferences from milk, made it applicable as a detector in flow injection analysis (FIA). The response characteristics obtained in the non-equilibrium conditions (FIA system) are: detection limit of 1.5 micromol/L and linear concentration range between 2 and 3.5 micromol/L. Without FIA, the average recovery of proteins from milk and milk products is 99.06 +/- 0.07% and, by utilization of FIA, it increased to 99.73 +/- 0.03. The sensor proved a good reliability for the assay of proteins in milk and milk products.
Analytica Chimica Acta, 1995
Asian Journal of Chemistry, Sep 28, 2019
Infectious diseases are a threat to the lives of many people worldwide [1]. Most infectious disea... more Infectious diseases are a threat to the lives of many people worldwide [1]. Most infectious diseases in human beings are caused by bacterial agents such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Proteus vulgaris [2] and many other microorganisms like fungi and viruses [3]. Phytochemicals also known as secondary plant metabolites in some plants possess antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory properties and other pharmacological activities. Such properties from plants have been recognised and used in the practice of traditional medicine to treat, heal and cure various diseases [4]. The plants under investigations are commonly used in South African traditional medicine as infusions, decoctions and tonics for treating diseases such as fever, colds, inflammation of the nasal passage, cancer and others. There is an assumption that these plants are effective and relatively safe for human consumption, because of their long history as curatives in traditional medicine. Despite the reputedly remedial benefits of such medicinal plants, a more rigorous evaluation may thus reveal the presence of toxic constituents harmful to the human body when
Fresenius Journal of Analytical Chemistry, Sep 1, 1996
A simple method for the determination of nitrite in foodstuffs by flow injection analysis is desc... more A simple method for the determination of nitrite in foodstuffs by flow injection analysis is described. Nitrite samples are prepared in a microwave oven, treated with a 1 mol/l NH4C1 solution at a pH of 9 (all under nitrogen atmosphere) and are immediately analysed. Nitrite is diazotised in the FIA system with N-(1-naphthyl) ethylenediammonium dichloride to form the highly coloured azo dye, which is measured at 540 nm. The detection limit is 0.036 mg/kg for sample injections of 400 µl. The sampling rate is about 50 samples per hour and the relative standard deviation is 0.67%.
Journal of analytical and bioanalytical techniques, Sep 29, 2015
Pharmaceutical regulatory affairs, Sep 30, 2014
Journal of analytical & bioanalytical techniques, Sep 8, 2014
Journal of Chromatography & Separation Techniques, Jun 30, 2017
Pharmaceutical regulatory affairs, Dec 3, 2013
Archives in chemical research, Jun 27, 2018
Journal of analytical and bioanalytical techniques, Oct 17, 2016
Chemical Communications, 2013
Applied Spectroscopy, Jul 31, 1996
Prep Biochem Biotechnol, 2002
A new bienzymatic amperometric sensor is proposed for the assay of the protein content of milk. T... more A new bienzymatic amperometric sensor is proposed for the assay of the protein content of milk. The sensor is based on two enzymes: carboxypeptidase A and L-amino acid oxidase. The response characteristics obtained for this sensor (detection limit of 1.5 micromol/L, linear concentration range between 1.8 and 2.8 micromol/L), as well as high selectivity over possible interferences from milk, made it applicable as a detector in flow injection analysis (FIA). The response characteristics obtained in the non-equilibrium conditions (FIA system) are: detection limit of 1.5 micromol/L and linear concentration range between 2 and 3.5 micromol/L. Without FIA, the average recovery of proteins from milk and milk products is 99.06 +/- 0.07% and, by utilization of FIA, it increased to 99.73 +/- 0.03. The sensor proved a good reliability for the assay of proteins in milk and milk products.
Preparative Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2002
A new bienzymatic amperometric sensor is proposed for the assay of the protein content of milk. T... more A new bienzymatic amperometric sensor is proposed for the assay of the protein content of milk. The sensor is based on two enzymes: carboxypeptidase A and L-amino acid oxidase. The response characteristics obtained for this sensor (detection limit of 1.5 micromol/L, linear concentration range between 1.8 and 2.8 micromol/L), as well as high selectivity over possible interferences from milk, made it applicable as a detector in flow injection analysis (FIA). The response characteristics obtained in the non-equilibrium conditions (FIA system) are: detection limit of 1.5 micromol/L and linear concentration range between 2 and 3.5 micromol/L. Without FIA, the average recovery of proteins from milk and milk products is 99.06 +/- 0.07% and, by utilization of FIA, it increased to 99.73 +/- 0.03. The sensor proved a good reliability for the assay of proteins in milk and milk products.
Analytica Chimica Acta, 1995