Hagai Boas | The Van Leer Jerusalem Institute (original) (raw)

Papers by Hagai Boas

Research paper thumbnail of Semi-Directed Living Donors in Israel: Socio-Demographic Profile, Religiosity, and Social Tolerance

American Journal of Transplantation

Living kidney donations in Israel come from two sources: family members, and individuals who volu... more Living kidney donations in Israel come from two sources: family members, and individuals who volunteer to donate their kidney to patients with whom they do not have personal acquaintance. We refer to the first group as Directed Living Donors (DLD) and the second as Semi-Directed Living Donors (SDLD). The incidence of SDLD in Israel is around 60%, the highest in the world. We introduce results of a survey among 749 living donors (349 SDLD and 400 DLD). Our data illustrate the socio-demographic profile of the two groups as well as their answers to a series of questions regarding spirituality and social tolerance. We find SDLD to be sectorial: they are mainly married middle-class religious men who reside in small communities. We found no significant difference however between SDLD and DLD in their social tolerance. Both groups ranked high and expressed tolerance towards different social groups. SDLD enables donors to express general preferences as to the socio-demographic features of their respected recipients. This stirs a heated debate on the ethics of SDLD. Our study discloses a comprehensive picture of the profile and attitudes of SDLD in Israel, which adds valuable data to the ongoing debate on the legitimacy of SDLD.

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Research paper thumbnail of Choosing People How do Israrli kidney donors and surrogates select their recipeints

Social Science and Medicine, 2024

While the academic literature engages in parallel discussions about different ethical and controv... more While the academic literature engages in parallel discussions about different ethical and controversial aspects in the practices of organ donation and surrogacy, this current research seeks to bring them together and discuss them through the voices of the agents themselves, kidney donors to strangers and surrogates. Based on a focus group that convened both groups in a series of meetings, participants discussed the commonalities and differences between the two practices. The decision to help by becoming a surrogate or an organ donor and the autonomy in selecting the recipient surfaced as a central theme for both groups. Freedom of choice was conceived ambivalently: it is indispensable on the one hand and bewildering and confusing on the other. This paper follows the dilemmas, considerations, and limitations that accompany living organ donors and surrogates in selecting their recipients.

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Research paper thumbnail of 18. Considering the Role of Public Health

transcript Verlag eBooks, Dec 31, 2021

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Research paper thumbnail of Semidirected Living Donors in Israel: Sociodemographic Profile, Religiosity, and Social Tolerance

American Journal of Transplantation , 2023

Living kidney donations in Israel come from two sources: family members, and individuals who volu... more Living kidney donations in Israel come from two sources: family members, and individuals who volunteer to donate their kidney to patients with whom they do not have personal acquaintance. We refer to the first group as Directed Living Donors (DLD) and the second as Semi-Directed Living Donors (SDLD). The incidence of SDLD in Israel is around 60%, the highest in the world. We introduce results of a survey among 749 living donors (349 SDLD and 400 DLD). Our data illustrate the socio-demographic profile of the two groups as well as their answers to a series of questions regarding spirituality and social tolerance. We find SDLD to be sectorial: they are mainly married middle-class religious men who reside in small communities. We found no significant difference however between SDLD and DLD in their social tolerance. Both groups ranked high and expressed tolerance towards different social groups. SDLD enables donors to express general preferences as to the socio-demographic features of their respected recipients. This stirs a heated debate on the ethics of SDLD. Our study discloses a comprehensive picture of the profile and attitudes of SDLD in Israel, which adds valuable data to the ongoing debate on the legitimacy of SDLD.

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Research paper thumbnail of How did organ donation in Israel become a club membership model? From civic to communal solidarity in organ sharing

Monash Bioethics Review, 2023

Figuring out what pushes individuals to become organ donors has become the holy grail of social s... more Figuring out what pushes individuals to become organ donors has become the holy grail of social scientists interested in transplantations. In this paper I concentrate on solidarity as a determinant of organ donation and examine it through the history of organ donation in Israel. By following the history of transplantation policies since 1968 and examining them in relation to different types of solidarities, this paper leads to a nuanced understanding of the ties between solidarity and health policy. Attempts to foster an all-encompassing consensus on the definition of brain death yielded the Transplantation and the Brain-Respiratory Death Laws of 2008. It was hoped that a wide "civic solidarity" would render Israel self-sufficient in its organ economy. However, the failure of the law led to the breakdown of civic solidarity in organ donation. As a result, initiatives such as the priority policy and non-directed living organ donations, developed out of a narrower conception of solidarity. Juxtaposing these initiatives sheds light on macro level processes for policy makers and suggests solidarity as a key bioethical concept to understand organ donation policies.

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Research paper thumbnail of Contested Bioethics

Routledge eBooks, Jul 12, 2022

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Research paper thumbnail of Living and Deceased Organ Economies

Routledge eBooks, Jul 12, 2022

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Research paper thumbnail of Organ Donation, Brain Death, and the Limits of Liberal Bioethics

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Dec 21, 2017

Whereas bioethicists insist that organ donation and brain death are two separately issues, the hi... more Whereas bioethicists insist that organ donation and brain death are two separately issues, the history of brain death and organ donation suggets that the two are inexorably entangled. Inspite the efforts to erect an ethical firewall between the scientific facts of death and the ethics of donation, we argue that the Israel case introduces the conflation of the two.

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Research paper thumbnail of The Gender Gap in Israeli Living Kidney Donations

Transplantation, Nov 1, 2012

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Research paper thumbnail of Into the “New Normal”: The Ethical and Analytical Challenge Facing Public Health Post-COVID-19

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Jul 8, 2022

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Research paper thumbnail of “As if we are branded with the mark of Cain”: stigma, guilt, and shame experienced by COVID-19 survivors in Israel - a qualitative study

Current Psychology, Jan 11, 2023

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Research paper thumbnail of Global organ economy

Routledge eBooks, Jul 12, 2022

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Research paper thumbnail of The New Ethics of Organ Donation

Routledge eBooks, Jul 12, 2022

The rise in living sources of organ donations yield alternative conducts in the procurement of or... more The rise in living sources of organ donations yield alternative conducts in the procurement of organs. The shift from public formal to informal channels of organ supply lead to processes of ethical privatization – in which it is the patient herself, and her close social surrounding, that is searching for her kidney in a do-it-yourself fashion. Furthermore, the privatization of organ procurement lead to the proliferation of different matching agencies that mediate between recipient and potential donors. An expanding range of living donor types, from the "anonymous stranger" to the "emotionally related", appear, charging the key ethical concept of altruism with new meanings

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Research paper thumbnail of The Impact of the Israeli Transplantation Law on the Socio-Demographic Profile of Living Kidney Donors

American Journal of Transplantation, Apr 1, 2015

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Research paper thumbnail of Between individualism and social solidarity in vaccination policy: the case of the 2013 OPV campaign in Israel

Israel Journal of Health Policy Research, Dec 1, 2016

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Research paper thumbnail of Exercising Shortage

Routledge eBooks, Jul 12, 2022

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Research paper thumbnail of The Making of Utopia and Dystopia in Organ Transplantations

Routledge eBooks, Jul 12, 2022

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Research paper thumbnail of 18. Considering the Role of Public Health

Bioethik - Medizinethik, Sep 3, 2021

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Research paper thumbnail of Bioethics and Biopolitics in Israel

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Dec 21, 2017

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Research paper thumbnail of Where do human organs come from? Trends of generalized and restricted altruism in organ donations

Social Science & Medicine, Nov 1, 2011

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Research paper thumbnail of Semi-Directed Living Donors in Israel: Socio-Demographic Profile, Religiosity, and Social Tolerance

American Journal of Transplantation

Living kidney donations in Israel come from two sources: family members, and individuals who volu... more Living kidney donations in Israel come from two sources: family members, and individuals who volunteer to donate their kidney to patients with whom they do not have personal acquaintance. We refer to the first group as Directed Living Donors (DLD) and the second as Semi-Directed Living Donors (SDLD). The incidence of SDLD in Israel is around 60%, the highest in the world. We introduce results of a survey among 749 living donors (349 SDLD and 400 DLD). Our data illustrate the socio-demographic profile of the two groups as well as their answers to a series of questions regarding spirituality and social tolerance. We find SDLD to be sectorial: they are mainly married middle-class religious men who reside in small communities. We found no significant difference however between SDLD and DLD in their social tolerance. Both groups ranked high and expressed tolerance towards different social groups. SDLD enables donors to express general preferences as to the socio-demographic features of their respected recipients. This stirs a heated debate on the ethics of SDLD. Our study discloses a comprehensive picture of the profile and attitudes of SDLD in Israel, which adds valuable data to the ongoing debate on the legitimacy of SDLD.

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Research paper thumbnail of Choosing People How do Israrli kidney donors and surrogates select their recipeints

Social Science and Medicine, 2024

While the academic literature engages in parallel discussions about different ethical and controv... more While the academic literature engages in parallel discussions about different ethical and controversial aspects in the practices of organ donation and surrogacy, this current research seeks to bring them together and discuss them through the voices of the agents themselves, kidney donors to strangers and surrogates. Based on a focus group that convened both groups in a series of meetings, participants discussed the commonalities and differences between the two practices. The decision to help by becoming a surrogate or an organ donor and the autonomy in selecting the recipient surfaced as a central theme for both groups. Freedom of choice was conceived ambivalently: it is indispensable on the one hand and bewildering and confusing on the other. This paper follows the dilemmas, considerations, and limitations that accompany living organ donors and surrogates in selecting their recipients.

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Research paper thumbnail of 18. Considering the Role of Public Health

transcript Verlag eBooks, Dec 31, 2021

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Research paper thumbnail of Semidirected Living Donors in Israel: Sociodemographic Profile, Religiosity, and Social Tolerance

American Journal of Transplantation , 2023

Living kidney donations in Israel come from two sources: family members, and individuals who volu... more Living kidney donations in Israel come from two sources: family members, and individuals who volunteer to donate their kidney to patients with whom they do not have personal acquaintance. We refer to the first group as Directed Living Donors (DLD) and the second as Semi-Directed Living Donors (SDLD). The incidence of SDLD in Israel is around 60%, the highest in the world. We introduce results of a survey among 749 living donors (349 SDLD and 400 DLD). Our data illustrate the socio-demographic profile of the two groups as well as their answers to a series of questions regarding spirituality and social tolerance. We find SDLD to be sectorial: they are mainly married middle-class religious men who reside in small communities. We found no significant difference however between SDLD and DLD in their social tolerance. Both groups ranked high and expressed tolerance towards different social groups. SDLD enables donors to express general preferences as to the socio-demographic features of their respected recipients. This stirs a heated debate on the ethics of SDLD. Our study discloses a comprehensive picture of the profile and attitudes of SDLD in Israel, which adds valuable data to the ongoing debate on the legitimacy of SDLD.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of How did organ donation in Israel become a club membership model? From civic to communal solidarity in organ sharing

Monash Bioethics Review, 2023

Figuring out what pushes individuals to become organ donors has become the holy grail of social s... more Figuring out what pushes individuals to become organ donors has become the holy grail of social scientists interested in transplantations. In this paper I concentrate on solidarity as a determinant of organ donation and examine it through the history of organ donation in Israel. By following the history of transplantation policies since 1968 and examining them in relation to different types of solidarities, this paper leads to a nuanced understanding of the ties between solidarity and health policy. Attempts to foster an all-encompassing consensus on the definition of brain death yielded the Transplantation and the Brain-Respiratory Death Laws of 2008. It was hoped that a wide "civic solidarity" would render Israel self-sufficient in its organ economy. However, the failure of the law led to the breakdown of civic solidarity in organ donation. As a result, initiatives such as the priority policy and non-directed living organ donations, developed out of a narrower conception of solidarity. Juxtaposing these initiatives sheds light on macro level processes for policy makers and suggests solidarity as a key bioethical concept to understand organ donation policies.

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Research paper thumbnail of Contested Bioethics

Routledge eBooks, Jul 12, 2022

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Research paper thumbnail of Living and Deceased Organ Economies

Routledge eBooks, Jul 12, 2022

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Research paper thumbnail of Organ Donation, Brain Death, and the Limits of Liberal Bioethics

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Dec 21, 2017

Whereas bioethicists insist that organ donation and brain death are two separately issues, the hi... more Whereas bioethicists insist that organ donation and brain death are two separately issues, the history of brain death and organ donation suggets that the two are inexorably entangled. Inspite the efforts to erect an ethical firewall between the scientific facts of death and the ethics of donation, we argue that the Israel case introduces the conflation of the two.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of The Gender Gap in Israeli Living Kidney Donations

Transplantation, Nov 1, 2012

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Research paper thumbnail of Into the “New Normal”: The Ethical and Analytical Challenge Facing Public Health Post-COVID-19

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Jul 8, 2022

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Research paper thumbnail of “As if we are branded with the mark of Cain”: stigma, guilt, and shame experienced by COVID-19 survivors in Israel - a qualitative study

Current Psychology, Jan 11, 2023

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Research paper thumbnail of Global organ economy

Routledge eBooks, Jul 12, 2022

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of The New Ethics of Organ Donation

Routledge eBooks, Jul 12, 2022

The rise in living sources of organ donations yield alternative conducts in the procurement of or... more The rise in living sources of organ donations yield alternative conducts in the procurement of organs. The shift from public formal to informal channels of organ supply lead to processes of ethical privatization – in which it is the patient herself, and her close social surrounding, that is searching for her kidney in a do-it-yourself fashion. Furthermore, the privatization of organ procurement lead to the proliferation of different matching agencies that mediate between recipient and potential donors. An expanding range of living donor types, from the "anonymous stranger" to the "emotionally related", appear, charging the key ethical concept of altruism with new meanings

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of The Impact of the Israeli Transplantation Law on the Socio-Demographic Profile of Living Kidney Donors

American Journal of Transplantation, Apr 1, 2015

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Research paper thumbnail of Between individualism and social solidarity in vaccination policy: the case of the 2013 OPV campaign in Israel

Israel Journal of Health Policy Research, Dec 1, 2016

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Research paper thumbnail of Exercising Shortage

Routledge eBooks, Jul 12, 2022

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Research paper thumbnail of The Making of Utopia and Dystopia in Organ Transplantations

Routledge eBooks, Jul 12, 2022

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Research paper thumbnail of 18. Considering the Role of Public Health

Bioethik - Medizinethik, Sep 3, 2021

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Research paper thumbnail of Bioethics and Biopolitics in Israel

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Dec 21, 2017

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Research paper thumbnail of Where do human organs come from? Trends of generalized and restricted altruism in organ donations

Social Science & Medicine, Nov 1, 2011

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Research paper thumbnail of Biopolitics and Bioethics in Israel: Socio-Legal, Political and Empirical Analysis

Cambridge University Press, 2018

This collection of research papers addresses the blurring of boundaries between bioethics and bio... more This collection of research papers addresses the blurring of boundaries between bioethics and biopolitics, Set in different ethnographic fields and different scholarly disciplines, the authors present the many faces of bioethics as biopolitcal projects: from wrongful life issues to force-feeding and end of life decisions. The book also addresses question of exceptionalism and universalism of bioethical culture by focusing on examples drawn from Israeli biomedical culture.

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